ANXIETY, AROUSAL

AND STRESS
RELATIONSHIPS

CHAPTER 4.2
NURUL ‘ATIQAH
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• At the end of the lesson, students should
be able to:
• 1.1 Explain the definition of arousal, anxiety

and stress.
• 1.2 Discuss the theories of arousal and
anxiety that affect on athlete
performance.
• 1.3 Apply the theories into sports situation.
 DEFINITION
ANXIETY :
one of the emotional that have substantial impact on how
on athlete performs. (Lazarus, 2000)

AROUSAL :
A non emotional physiological state of readiness to perform
physically, intellectually or perceptually. (Wan, 1977)

STRESS :
Non specific response of the body to any demand made
upon it.
SIGN OF AROUSAL AND ANXIETY
• Cold, clammy hands
• Negative self talk
• Dry mouth
• Increased muscle tension
• Butterflies in stomach
• Inability to concentrate
• Headache
• Profuse sweating
 HOW AROUSAL AND ANXIETY AFFECT
PERFORMANCE

• Inverted – U theory
• Drive theory
• Easterbrook’s Cue Utilization theory
• Signal detection theory
 INVERTED – U THEORY
• A model describing the hypothesized relationship between
arousal and performance.

• The level of arousal can influence performance among

athlete through their sport.

• The peak performance happen when arousal is moderate

or optimum.

• The performance decreases when arousal is very high or

very low.
 DRIVE THEORY
• A complex theory of learning that predict a linear
relationship between arousal and learning of performance.

• Performance = arousal X skill level.

• Increase arousal = increase performance.

 EASTERBROOK’S CUE
UTILIZATION THEORY
• Also known as cue utilization or attention narrowing
theory.

• The basic principle is when arousal increases, attention

narrows.

• The existence of the cue can affect the athletes

performance, either the cues are irrelevant or relevant.

• The theory is about the problem of task complexity and

learning.
 SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY (STD)
• Theory of perception that predict the increased of decision
errors will occur when individual is either insensitive or
supersensitive to a physical motivation.

• The lowest number of decision errors should occur with

an optimal or balance, sensitive to stimuli.
THE END