BEHAVIORIST

PERSPECTIVES
Presented by: Kathleen May C. Cariaga
BEED 2- A
 HAT IS BEHAVIORISM?
W
• Behaviorism is a psychological approach
which emphasizes scientific and objective
methods pf investigation. It concerned with
observable stimulus- response behavior.

•Behaviorism focuses on the idea that all

behaviors are learned through interaction with the
environment.
 BEHAVIORIST PERSPECTIVE
• Is a theory of psychology that states that
human behaviors are learned. not iniate. The
behaviorist approach asserts that human beings
have no free will and that all actions,
characteristics and personality traits are the
result of a person’s environmand the cultural
forces that shape it.
• The theory of behaviorism focuses on the study of
observable and measurable behavior. It emphaszies
that behavior is mostly learned through conditioning
and reinforcement ( rewards and punishment) It
does not give much attention to the mind, and the
possibility of thought and process occurong in the
mind. Contributions in the development of the
behaviorist theory largely came from Pavlov,
Thorndike and Skinner.
 STIMULUS RESPONSE
• an answer or reply, as in
words or in some action.

• thing that rouses activity

or energy in someone or
something a spur or incentive.
REINFORCEMENT
• the action or process of
reinforcing or CONDITIONING
strengthening. • the process of training or
older electricity mains accustoming a person or
required reinforcement to animal to behave in a
meet increased demand. certain way or to accept

certain circumstances.
 POSITIVE
REINFORCEMENT
REWARDS • Positive reinforcement refers
• a thing given in to the introduction of a
desirable or pleasant stimulus
recognition of one's
after a behavior.
service, effort, or
achievement.
 IVAN PAVLOV

• was a Russian Soviet

experimental neurologist,
psychologist and physiologist
known for his discovery of
classical conditioning through
his experiments with dogs.
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
is a type of unconscious or automatic learning. This
learning process creates a conditioned response
through associations between an unconditioned
stimulus and a neutral stimulus.

Classical conditioning—also sometimes referred to

as Pavlovian conditioning—uses a few different

terms to help explain the learning process.
 Classical
Conditioning
• Classical
conditioning
involves forming an
association
between two
stimuli, resulting in
a learned response.


UNCONDITIONED
CONDITIONED STIMULUS
STIMULUS
• A conditioned
stimulus is a

•An unconditioned
once neutral
stimulus that was
stimulus is a stimulus or
(didn't trigger a response) but
trigger that leads to an now leads to a response.
automatic response.
NEUTRAL
STIMULUS

• A neutral stimulus is a stimulus that

doesn't initially trigger a response on its

own.
 UNCONDITIONED CONDITIONED
RESPONSE RESPONSE
• An unconditioned response • A conditioned response
is an automatic response or a is a learned response or a
response that occurs response that is created
without thought when an where no response
unconditioned stimulus is existed before.
present.
 Three Basic phases of this
process During
Before
Conditioning
Conditioning
• the second phase
of the

• The first part of the classical conditioning process,

classical conditioning the previously neutral stimulus
process requires a is repeatedly paired with the
naturally occurring

unconditioned stimulus.
stimulus that will
automatically elicit a After Conditioning
response.
stimulus alone
• the conditioned
triggers the conditioned response.
EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE
• An American psychologist,
who was famous in psychology
for his work on learning theory
that lead to the development of
operant conditioning within
behaviorism. His connectioni
theory gave us the original S-R
framework of behavioral
psychology.
 THE THREE
PRIMARY LAWS
Law of Effect
• responses to a situation which are
followed by a rewarding state of affairs will
be strengthened and become habitual
responses to that situation.
 Law of Exercise
• connections become strengthened with
practice and weakened when practice is
discontinued and connection between a stimuli and a
response can be strengthened or weakened. This
connection can be strengthened by practicing hard and
often or it can be weakened by discontinuing the
practice.
Law of Readiness
• a series of responses can be chained
together to satisfy some goal which will
result inannoyance if blocked. This
principle states that motivation is needed
to develop an association or display
changed behavior.

TWO TYPES OF BEHAVIORIST

PERSPECTIVES
METHODOLOGICAL
BEHAIORISM
Methodological behaviorism is the
name for a prescriptive orientation
to psychological science. Its first
and original feature is that the
terms and concepts deployed in
psychological and explanations
should be based on observable
stimuli and behavior.
RADICAL
BEHAVIORISM
• he argued that a person’s
behavior and the
environmental factors that
influence it are much more
crucial to the fundamental
understanding of a person’s
psychological state.
 • John B. Watson was a pioneering
psychologist who played an important role in
developing behaviorism. Watson believed
that psychology should primarily be
scientific observable behavior. He is
remembered for his research on the
conditioning process.
• Watson was the father of behaviorism. His
now-revered lectures on the subject defined
behaviorism as a natural science that takes
the whole field of human adjustment as its
own. It is the business of behaviorist
psychology to predict and control human
activity.
BURRHUS FREDERICK
SKINNER
• was an American psychologist,
behaviorist, author, inventor, and social
philosopher. Skinner's theory of learning
says that a person is first exposed to a
stimulus, which elicits a response, and
the response is then reinforced
(stimulus, response, reinforcement).
This, ultimately, is what conditions our
behaviors. To make this process easier
to remember, the ABCs of behaviorism
were developed.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
GOD BLESS