BEHAVIORISM

SHERNEL SHANE M. PINEDA

Presenter
• Behaviorism was formally
established with the 1913
publication of John B.
Watsons.
• Behaviorism, also known as
behavioral psychology, is a
theory of learning based on
the idea that all behaviors are
acquired through
conditioning.
• Respondent behaviors are
those that occur
automatically and
reflexively.
• Operant behaviors are
those under our
conscious control.
• Classical conditioning
is a learning process
that occurs through
associations between
an environmental
stimulus and a naturally
occurring stimulus
Discovered by Russian
psychologist Ivan
Pavlov.
• Operant conditioning
(sometimes referred to as
instrumental conditioning)
is a method of learning that
occurs through
reinforcements and
punishments.
• Developed by Burrhus
Frederic Skinner.
❑Reinforcement in
Operant Conditioning
❑Punishment in
Operant
Conditioning
REINFORCEMENT
Reinforcement is a fundamental concept in
operant conditioning, which is a type of
learning theory that focuses on how behavior
is influenced by its consequences. In operant
conditioning, behavior is shaped through the
use of reinforcement, which can be either
positive or negative.
• Positive
reinforcement
• Negative
reinforcement
Positive reinforcement
-a desirable behavior is followed by a reward or
positive consequence, which increases the
likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the
future.
Negative reinforcement
refers to the removal of an unpleasant or aversive
stimulus to increase the likelihood of a desirable
behavior being repeated in the future.
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
• Positive punishment, sometimes referred
to as punishment by application of
unpleasant stimulus to decrease
undesired behavior.
• Negative punishment, also known as
punishment by removal of desirable
stimulus to decrease undesired behavior.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN REINFORCEMENT AND
PUNISHMENT?
Reflection
Behaviorism is a school of thought in psychology
that has made significant contributions to the
field, particularly in the areas of learning,
motivation, and behavior change. The behaviorist
approach has been successful in identifying the
environmental factors that influence behavior,
and in developing techniques to modify behavior
through reinforcement and punishment.