PANCREATIC CYSTS

PRESENTED BY-
MS. EKATA SINGH
NURSING TUTOR
OBSTETRIC & GYNEACOLOGY
NURSING
 DEFINATION

 Pancreatic cysts are saclike pockets of fluid on or in pancreas.

 Pancreatic cysts are typically found during imaging testing for
another problem.
 The main categories of pancreatic cysts can be divided into two
groups, non-neoplastic or neoplastic cysts.
 CAUSES

 Unknown
 Associated with rare illnesses, including polycystic kidney disease
or von Hippel - Lindau disease, a genetic disorder that can affect
the pancreas and other organs.
 Pseudocyst often follow a bout of a painful condition in which
digestive enzymes become prematurely active and irritate the
pancreas (pancreatitis).
 Pseudocysts can also result from injury to the abdomen, such as
from a car accident
 RISK FACTORS

 Heavy alcohol use and gallstones and pancreatitis is a risk factor

for pseudocysts.
 Abdominal injury .
 TYPES

 PSEUDOCYSTS : Pseudocysts are not cancerous (benign) and

are usually caused by pancreatitis. Pancreatic pseudocysts can
also be caused by trauma.
 SEROUS CYST ADENOMAS :Serous cyst adenomas can
become large enough to displace nearby organs, causing
abdominal pain and a feeling of fullness.
CONT…..
 MUCINOUS CYSTIC NEOPLASMS : are usually situated in the
body or tail of the pancreas. Mucinous cyst adenoma is
precancerous, which means it might become cancer if left untreated.
Larger cysts might already be cancerous when found.
 INTRADUCTAL PAPILLARY MUCINOUS NEOPLASM
(IPMN) :is a growth in the main pancreatic duct or one of its side
branches. IPMN may be precancerous or cancerous. It can occur in
both men and women older than 50. Depending on its location and
other factors, IPMN may require surgical removal.
 CONT…..
 SOLID PSEUDO-PAPILLARY NEOPLASMS are usually
situated in the body or tail of the pancreas and occur most often in
women younger than 35. They are rare and sometimes cancerous.
 CYSTIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOUR is mostly solid but
can have cyst like components. They can be confused with other
pancreatic cysts and may be precancerous or cancerous.
 SYMPTOMS

 Persistent abdominal pain, which may radiate to back

 Nausea and vomiting

 Weight loss
 DIAGNOSIS

 History taking and physical examination

 Computerized tomography (CT) scan
 MRI
 Endoscopic ultrasound
 Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
 TREATMENT
 Watchful waiting or treatment depends on the type of cyst, its size,
its characteristics and symptoms.
WATCHFUL WAITING
 A benign pseudocyst, even a large one, can be left alone .
 Serous cyst adenoma rarely becomes cancerous, so it also can be
left alone unless it causes symptoms or grows.
 CONT……
DRAINAGE
A pseudocyst that is causing bothersome symptoms or growing larger
can be drained. A small flexible tube (endoscope) is passed through
mouth to stomach and small intestine. The endoscope is equipped with
an ultrasound probe (endoscopic ultrasound) and a needle to drain the
cyst. Sometimes drainage through the skin is necessary.
SURGERY
 Some types of pancreatic cysts require surgical removal because of the
risk of cancer. Surgery might be needed to remove an enlarged
pseudocyst or a serous cyst adenoma that's causing pain or other
symptoms.