ORGANIZING

DATA IN A
FREQUENCY
DISTRIBUTION
TABLE
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 What is Frequency?
In mathematics, frequency,
denoted as “f”, may be defined
as the number of times a data
value occurs.
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 EXAMPLE:
Five students got a score of
30 in a mathematics test.
Therefore, the score of 30
has a frequency of 5.
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 What is Frequency Distribution?
After the data collection process, one
method of organizing and presenting data is
through frequency distribution.
Frequency distribution table – a tabular
presentation of numerical information which
caters either ungrouped or grouped data.
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 Other Related Terms
▪ Tally – a way of recording data in groups of
five. Ex. IIII - IIII -
▪ Range –IIII
the difference between the highest
score and lowest score. That is, Range = HS –
LS. LS
Range = 99 – 71
= 28
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HS
 Other Related Terms
✔ Class size – number of classes.
✔ Class interval/Class width – the
numerical width of any class in a distribution.
Ex. 75 – 78 i , 91 – 100 i =
✔ Lower 10 value in the class.
= 4 limit– the smallest

✔ Upper limit – the greatest value in the class.

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 Other Related Terms
✔ Class mark/class midpoint – average of the
lower limit and upper limit of a class.
✔ Class boundaries– are used to separate the classes
so that there are no gaps in a frequency
▪ lower boundary –of a class is 0.5 less than its
distribution.
▪ lower
upper boundary –of a class is 0.5 more than its
limit.
Example : In the
upper class 74 – 76, the lower boundary is 74 –
limit.
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0.5 = 73.5 and the upper boundary is 76 + 0.5 = 76.5.

 Other Related Terms
✔ Cumulative Frequency – shows the number of
data values less than or equal to the upper limit of a
▪ given class. cumulative frequency (<cf) – of a
less than
class is found by adding the frequency of the class to
the frequencies of the lower classes. .
▪ greater than cumulative frequency (>cf)
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– is found in the same manner but in reverse order.

 Types of Frequency
Distribution
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 1. Categorical Frequency
Distribution

⮚is used when the

data are
categorical
rather than
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numerical.
 2. Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution
⮚is simply a list of
values arranged from
lowest to highest that
shows the frequency
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of occurrence of each
 Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table
EXAMPL
E:
Here are the scores of selected Grade
9 in their Math quiz: 10, 8, 9 , 7, 4, 8,
6, 9, 7,8
How to make an Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table?
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 Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table
How to make an Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table? SCORES
1. Set the values of data, 4
which are called scores, in 6
the column starting from
7
the lowest value to the
highest or vice versa; 8
9
Given Scores:
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10, 8, 9 , 7, 4, 8, 6, 9, 7,8 10
 Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table
How to make an Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table? SCORES TALLY
2. Create the second 4 I
column with the tally of the I
6
scores in each data
occurrence. 7 II
8 III
Given Scores:
9 II
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10, 8, 9 , 7, 4, 8, 6, 9,
10 I
 Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table
How to make an Ungrouped Frequency
Distribution Table? SCORES TALLY FREQUENC
4 I 1Y
3. Write the equivalent
number of frequency from 6 I 1
the tally and total the data. 7 II 2
Use N to represent the 8 III 3
entire population. 9 II 2
1
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I
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10
N= 10
 3. Grouped Frequency
Distribution Table
⮚is a classification
or categorization
of data. It entails
counting the data
that falls into the
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 Steps in Constructing FDT
of Grouped Data
1. Arrange the data in ascending order.
2. Calculate the range. (Range = HS – LS)
3. Decide the class size if not given.
4. Divide the class size by the range to identify
the class interval.
5. Construct a frequency distribution table .
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6. Tally and count the observations under each

 SCORES OF 40 GRADE 9
STUDENTS IN THE
E MATHEMATICS EXAMINATION
X
A
M
P
L
E Construct a frequency distribution
table with a class size of 6.
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 E
X 1. Arrange the data/scores in ascending
A order.
M
P
L
E
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 LS

E
X
A 2. Calculate the range. (Range = HS
M HS – LS)
P Range = HS - LS
L = 50 - 9
E = 41
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 E
X
A
M 3. The class size given is 6.
P 4. Divide the range by the class size to
identify the class interval.
L Class
E interval
= 6. =7
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83 Round up
 E 5. CLASSES TALLY FREQUENCY
X Construct 44 - 50

A a 37 - 43

M frequency 30 - 36
P distributio
n table . 23 - 29
L 16 - 22
E
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9 - 15
i =7
 E
X 5.
CLASSES TALLY FREQUENCY

44 - 50 Upper
ALowerConstruct
limit 37 - 43 limit
M a To get the succeeding upper limit
TheP frequency
lower limit of the class
30 - 36 is by adding the i to the upper
limit of the preceding class size.
interval is thedistributi
lowest score then
L theonsucceeding
to obtained table .lower
23 - 29

Eis by adding the i to the

limit 16 - 22 (15 +7 = 22, 22 + 7= 29… )
lower limit of the preceding 9 - 15
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class. i =7
( 9 + 7 = 16 , 16 + 7 = 23…)
 E
X
A 5.
CLASSES

44 - 50
TALLY FREQUENCY

M Construct 37 - 43
P a
L frequency 30 - 36

E distributi 23 - 29
on class
table . 16 - 22
size = 6
9 - 15
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i =7
 E CLASSES TALLY FREQUENCY
X 5. 44 - 50 IIII
A Construct 37 - 43 IIII – I
M a 30 - 36 IIII – II
P frequency 23 - 29 IIII – IIII - I
L distributi IIII – IIII - I
E on table . 16 - 22

9 - 15 I
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i =7
 E CLASSES TALLY FREQUENCY

X 6. Tally and 44 - 50 IIII 4

A count the 37 - 43
observation IIII – I 6
M s under 30 - 36 IIII – II 7
P each 23 - 29 IIII – IIII - I 11
L classes. 16 - 22 IIII – IIII - I 11
E 9 - 15 I 1
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i =7 Total number of N= 40
frequency
 Class boundaries– Frequency
are Distribution Table of 40
Students
used to separate the of Grade 9 Mathematics Exam
classes so that there are
no gaps in a
CLASSES
frequency
FREQUENCY
CLASS CLASS
< cf >cf
BOUNDARIES MIDPOINT
distribution.
44 - 50 4 43.5 – 50.5
37 - 43 6 upper boundary –of a
36.5 – 43.5
7 class is 0.5 more than
30 - 36 29.5 – 36.5
11 its upper limit.
23 - 29 22.5 – 29.5
16 - 22 11 15.5 – 22.5
1 8.5 – 15.5
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9 - 15
i =7 N= 40
lower boundary –of a class is 0.5 less than its lower limit.
 Frequency Distribution Table of 40
Students of Grade 9 Mathematics Exam
CLASS CLASS CM = (lower limit +upper
CLASSES FREQUENCY < CF 2
limit)/ >CF
BOUNDARIES MIDPOINT
= ( 44+50) / 2
= 90/2
47 = 47
44 - 50 4 43.5 – 50.5
37 - 43 6 36.5 – 43.5 40 Class mark/class
30 - 36 7 29.5 – 36.5 33 midpoint –
23 - 29 11 22.5 – 29.5 26 average of the
16 - 22 11 15.5 – 22.5 19 lower limit and
1 8.5 – 15.5 12 upper limit of a
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9 - 15
i =7 N= 40 class.
 Frequency Distribution Table of 40
Students of Grade 9 Mathematics
CumulativeExam
Frequency – shows
the number of data values less
than or equal to the upper limit of
CLASS CLASS
a given class.
CLASSES FREQUENCY < CF >CF
BOUNDARIES MIDPOINT < CF = 1+11
= 12
44 - 50 4 43.5 – 50.5 47 40 less than
cumulative
37 - 43 6 36.5 – 43.5 40 36
frequency (<CF)
30 - 36 7 29.5 – 36.5 33 30 – of a class is
23 found by
23 - 29 11 22.5 – 29.5 26 adding the

16 - 22 11 15.5 – 22.5 12 frequency of the

19 class to the
1 8.5 – 15.5 1
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9 - 15 12 frequencies of
N= 40 the lower
i =7
classes.
 Frequency Distribution Table of 40
Students of Grade 9 Mathematics Exam

CLASS CLASS
CLASSES FREQUENCY < CF >CF
BOUNDARIES MIDPOINT

44 - 50 4 43.5 – 50.5 47 40 4
37 - 43 6 36.5 – 43.5 40 36 10
30 - 36 7 29.5 – 36.5 33 30 17
11 26 23
23 - 29 22.5 – 29.5 28
15.5 – 22.5 12 39 >CF = 4+6
16 - 22 11 19 = 10
1 8.5 – 15.5 1 40
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9 - 15 12
i =7 N= 40
greater than cumulative frequency (>CF) – is
 QUIZ
Identification
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.

1.It is defined as the number of

times a data value occurs.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
2. A tabular presentation of
numerical information which
caters either ungrouped or
grouped data.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
3. A way of recording data in
groups of five.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
4. The difference between the
highest score and the lowest
score.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.

5. The number of classes.

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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
6. The numerical width of any
class in a distribution.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.

7. The smallest value in the class.

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 QUIZ
Identify the following.

8. The greatest value in the class.

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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
9. The average of the lower limit
and upper limit of a class.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
10. These are used to separate
the classes so that there are no
gaps in a frequency
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distribution.
 QUIZ
Identify the following.
11. This is 0.5 less than its lower
limit.
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
12. This is 0.5 more than its
upper limit.
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 QUIZ

13-15. Enumerate the three types

of frequency distribution.
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 Let us do the checking
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
1.It is defined as the number of
times a data value occurs.
frequency
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
2. A tabular presentation of
numerical information which
caters either ungrouped or
grouped data.
frequency distribution
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
3. A way of recording data in
groups of five.
tally
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
4. The difference between the
highest score and the lowest
score.
range
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
5. The number of classes.
class size
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
6. The numerical width of any
class in a distribution.
class interval/class
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
7. The smallest value in the class.
lower limit
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
8. The greatest value in the class.
upper limit
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
9. The average of the lower limit
and upper limit of a class.
class mark/class
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midpoint
 QUIZ
Identify the following.
10. These are used to separate
the classes so that there are no
gaps in a frequency
distribution.
class boundaries
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
11. This is 0.5 less than its lower
limit.
lower boundary
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 QUIZ
Identify the following.
12. This is 0.5 more than its
upper limit.
upper boundary
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 QUIZ

13-15. Enumerate the three types

of frequency distribution.
categorical
ungrouped
grouped
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Thank you!
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