Computer

graphics. 3d
modeling
Computer graphics refers to the creation,
manipulation, and rendering of visual content
using computers. It involves generating and
manipulating images, videos, and animations
using digital technology. Computer graphics has
various applications, including:

1
Significance of
3D Modeling
•Entertainment: In movies, video games, and virtual
reality, computer graphics create immersive and realistic
environments, characters, and special effects.

•Design and Visualization: Architects, engineers, and

designers use computer graphics for modeling and
visualizing structures, products, and concepts before actual
construction or production.

•Simulation and Training: Industries like aviation,

medicine, and defense use computer graphics for
simulations and training purposes, allowing professionals to
practice in realistic virtual environments.

•Data Visualization: Presenting complex data in graphical

or visual formats to facilitate understanding and analysis.
Infographics and charts are examples of data visualization
using computer graphics.
2
Basics of 3D Modeling

•Fundamental Concepts:

• Vertices: Points in 3D space defining the corners

or intersections of shapes.

• Edges: Lines connecting vertices, forming the

boundaries of shapes.

• Polygons: Flat surfaces created by connecting

edges.

• Meshes: Collections of polygons forming the 3D

object's surface.

•Visual Illustrations: Use diagrams or images to

illustrate these concepts visually.

3
 Types of
3D
Modelling
Techniques
•Polygonal Modelling: Creating objects using
polygons; widely used due to its flexibility and ease
of use.

•NURBS Modelling: Utilizing non-uniform

rational B-splines to create smooth curves and
surfaces.

•Sculpting: Artistic technique of shaping a 3D

model as if sculpting a physical object.
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•Procedural Modelling: Creating models using
Polygonal Modelling NURBS Modelling
Sculptin
g
3D Computer
Graphics Pipeline
•Stages of the Pipeline: Modelling: Creating the
3D model using one of the techniques discussed.

•Texturing: Applying textures (images) to surfaces

for realism.

•Rigging: Adding a skeleton structure for character

animation.

•Animation: Bringing models to life by animating

movement.

•Rendering: Processing the final image or

animation.
Applications of 3D
Modelling
•Film and Animation: Used extensively in CGI
movies, TV shows, and animated films.

•Gaming: Creating 3D environments, characters,

and assets.

•Architecture and Design: Visualizing buildings,

interiors, and urban planning.

•Medicine and Science: Modeling biological

structures and visualizing complex data.

•Engineering and Manufacturing: Prototyping,

simulations, and design validation.
 Tools and Software
•Maya: Professional software for 3D modeling,
animation, and rendering.

•Blender: Open-source software for 3D creation,

animation, and more.

•3ds Max: Widely used in gaming and architectural

visualization.

•ZBrush: Popular for sculpting and painting 3D model

•Cinema 4D: Known for its intuitive interface and

motion graphics capabilities.

•SketchUp: User-friendly software for architectural

design and 3D modeling.