Ali Hassan

COMPUTE
DEFINITION
R
A computer is an electronic device that
manipulates information, or data. It has the
ability to store, retrieve, and process data

History of computer
The history of computers goes back over 200
years. At first theorized by mathematicians and
entrepreneurs, during the 19th century .

Invention of computer
In 1822 Charles Babbage invent the first computer
first computer

Charles Babbage

First programmable computer

It is the first electromechanical binary programmable computer and
the first functional modern computer.

Alan Turing
The first electric programmable computer
The Colossus was the first electric programmable computer,
developed by Tommy Flowers, and was first demonstrated in
December 1943.

Tommy Flowers
latest computer
 Types of Computers
Analogue Computer
a computer that works with numbers represented by
directly measurable quantities (as voltages or resistances)

Digital Computer
any of a class of devices capable of solving problems by
processing information in discrete form.

Hybrid Computer
a computer intended to provide functions and features in
both analog and digital computers.

Supercomputers
any of a class of extremely powerful computers.

Microcomputer
a complete computer on a small scale, designed
for use by one person at a time.
Arushma and nimra

COMPUTER HARDWARE

DEFINITION:

THE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL DEVICE AND EQUIPMENT THAT

ENABLED YOU TO PERFORM MAJOR FUNCTIONS SUCH AS

INPUT, OUTPUT, STORAGE, COMMUNICATION, PROCESSING AND

MORE.
Types of Hardware:
External
Internal
External Hardware:
Enhance the use functionality.
Components are attached to the computer to add or
enhance functionality .
Internal hardware:
Components are those necessary for the proper functioning
of the computer.
Internal hardware is required for the computer to run.

Components of External Hardware

Mouse: A mouse is a hand-held pointing device that moves a cursor
around a computer screen and enables interaction with objects on
the screen. It may be wired or wireless

Mouse
Keyboard: A keyboard is an input device featuring a standard
QWERTY keyset that enables users to input text, numbers or
special characters.

Keyboard

Microphone: A microphone is a device that translates sound

waves into electrical signals and supports computer-based audio
communications

Microphone

USB Flash Drive: A USB flash drive is an external, removable

storage device that uses flash memory and interfaces with a
computer through a USB port
 USB Flash Drive

Camera: A camera captures visual images and streams them to the

computer or through a computer to a network device

Camera

Components of Internal Hardware

CPU: The CPU is the brain of the computer that processes
and executes digital instructions from various programs;
its clock speed determines the computer's performance
and efficiency in processing data
 CPU
RAM: RAM or dynamic RAM is temporary memory storage that makes
information immediately accessible to programs; RAM is volatile
memory, so stored data is cleared when the computer powers off

RAM
Hard drive: Hard disk drives are physical storage devices that store
both permanent and temporary data in different formats, including
programs, device files, photos, etc

Hard drive
Motherboard: This is a printed circuit board that holds the central
processing unit (CPU) and other essential internal hardware and
functions as the central hub that all other hardware components run
through

motherboard
Chand & Basit

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Definition
Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to
operate computers and execute specific tasks…
EXAMPLES

VLC PLAYER GOOGLE MICROSOFT

WORD YOUTUBE
 TYPES OF SOFTWARE
.
.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
DEFINITIONS
. System software is a type of computer program that is

. Application software
designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.

The sole purpose of application software is to

aid the user in doing specified tasks.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
EXAMPLES
1)Operating System 2) Utilities
An operating system (OS) is the
Utility Software performs
program that, after being initially
certain tasks like virus
loaded into the computer by a boot
detection, installation,
program, manages all of the other
and uninstallation etc.
application programs in a computer.
3) Device Drivers
The operating system communicates with hardware
components internally. This communication can easily be
managed and controlled with the help of device drivers.

4) Firmware Software
These are the operational software installed on the computer
motherboards that help the operating system to identify the
Flash, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and memory chips.

5) Programming Language Translators

Programming translators are the software that converts
high-level language into machine language.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
EXAMPLES
1.Microsoft Word 2.Firefox
3.Excel 4.Google Chrome
Types of Application Software
1. Web browsers
2. Presentation software
3. Graphic software
4. Word processors
5. Education software

Web browsers
A web browser is a software program that
allows a user to locate, access, and display web
pages.
 Presentation software
A category of software used to create content
where information is often represented in a
graphical or visual way.
Word processors
A word processor is a device or software
program capable of creating, storing, and
printing text documents.
Graphic software
Graphic design software refers to apps and
programs that graphic designers use to create,
edit, and manipulate digital images.
Education software
Educational software describes computer
applications that are made to enhance the
learning process. This is a large domain that
includes ...
CATEGORIES OF APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
Business software Refers
to digital tools that help businesses perform
various tasks more effectively, safely, and
efficiently.

Communication software Is used to

provide remote access to systems and
exchange files and messages in text, audio
and/or video formats between different
computers or users.

Multimedia Is content
that uses a combination of different content
forms such as text, audio, images, animations,
video and interactive content.
FORMS OF APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
CUSTOM SOFTWARE Is software
that is developed specifically for some
specific organization or other user.

Open source software (OSS)

is software that is distributed with its
source code, making it available for use,
modification, and distribution with its
original rights.
Shareware
Is commercial software that is distributed
free to users,
Freeware software
Is a type of proprietary software that is
released without charge to the public.
THANK
YOU