Immune system​

Plan
1. Definition
2. Defense mechanism :
specific defense mechanisms
Specific defense mechanisms
3. Immunological memory
4. Immune system diseases

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 Definition
• Immune system​:
Definition • a biological system made up of a set of
recognition and defense elements which
Defense discriminates the “self” from the “ non-
mechanism self” ".
• Examples of non-self : viruses, bacteria,
parasites...
Immunological
memory

Immune system
diseases
virus Bacterium Parasite
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 Defense mechanism
(1/4)
Definition • The body defends itself against the
dysfunctions of its cells and
Defense
mechanism attacks:
• Mechanical attacks : friction,
Immunological shocks, falls, etc.
memory • Climatic factors : sudden change in
temperature, radiation, drought,
Immune system
diseases etc.
• chemical agents
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 Defense mechanism (2/4)
Definition • And when it comes to an infection, the
aggressors are:
Defense • viruses
mechanism • bacteria​
• Mushroom
Immunological • yeasts​
memory

Immune system
diseases

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 Less specific (innate)
defense mechanism (3/4)
Definition • Physical barriers such as:
• The skin, mucous membranes, passive
Defense defense systems (enzymes, pH, fatty
mechanism
acids, etc.).
• Phagocytic cells
Immunological
memory • Complement system (a set of proteins)
• Lymphatic system
Immune system
diseases

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 Specific (adaptive)
defense mechanism (4/4)
Definition • Humoral immunity
works against bacteria and viruses in
Defense
mechanism
human body fluids such as blood
• Cellular immunity
Immunological Such as lymphocytes
memory

Immune system
diseases

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 Immunological memory
Definition • allows us to remember the traces of
"fight" against pathogens, and to
Defense preserve specific cells to act more
mechanism effectively.
• it is formed naturally, or with the help
Immunological of vaccines.
memory

Immune system
diseases

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 Immune system diseases
Definition • If the immune system attacks cells in
the body that are not pathological , an
Defense autoimmune disease (inflammation)
mechanism will be created.
• If there is a defect in the immune
Immunological system, pathologies or cancers can
memory
develop more easily.
Immune system
diseases

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Immune system in action in
a blood vessel. Antibodies
are preparing to neutralize
viruses.
Cancer developed
following an immune
defect

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Thank you for your
attention.

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