GOOD AFTERNOON

Computers
Are electronic devices capable of performing various operations
according to a set of instructions called programs. They can
process data, perform calculations, store information, and execute
tasks in a timely manner.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
This includes the physical components of a computer, such as the
Hardware central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices
(hard drives, SSDs), input devices (keyboard, mouse), output
devices (monitor, printer), and various other peripherals.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
These are the programs and instructions that tell the computer what to
do. Software can be divided into two main categories: system software
Software (e.g., operating systems like Windows, macOS, Linux) and application
software (e.g., word processors, web browsers, games).
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
Computers process data using their CPU, which executes
Processing instructions stored in memory.

The CPU fetches, decodes, and executes these instructions to

perform tasks.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
Computers use various types of storage devices to store data
Storage permanently or temporarily. Hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state
drives (SSDs) are common examples of permanent storage, while
RAM is used for temporary storage during operation.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
Input devices such as keyboards, mice, and touchscreens allow
Input and users to interact with the computer by providing data or
Output commands. Output devices like monitors, printers, and
speakers display or provide results to the user.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
Computers can be connected to each other through networks,
Networking allowing them to share data, resources, and communicate
with one another. The internet is a global network of
interconnected computers.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
Programming languages are used to create software
Programming and provide instructions to computers.
Different programming languages serve different
purposes and have varying levels of complexity.
Computers
Here are some key points about computers:

Hardware Software Processing

Input and
Storage Networking
Output

Types of
Programming
Computers
Computers
Computers come in various forms, including personal computers
Types of (desktops, laptops), servers (used for hosting websites and services),
Computers supercomputers (optimized for performing complex calculations),
embedded systems (built into other devices), and more.
Text entry devices
Are tools or methods used to input textual
information into electronic devices or
systems.
Text entry devices
Here are some common examples:

Keyboards Keypads

Handwriting Speech
Recognition Recognition

Others
Text entry devices
Traditional keyboards consist of a set of keys representing letters,
numbers, symbols, and functions. They are commonly used with
Keyboards computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
Text entry devices
Here are some common examples:

Keyboards Keypads

Handwriting Speech
Recognition Recognition

Others
Text entry devices
Keypads typically have a set of buttons or keys representing
numbers, and sometimes letters and symbols as well. They are
Keypads commonly found on telephones, remote controls, and some
specialized devices.
Text entry devices
Here are some common examples:

Keyboards Keypads

Handwriting Speech
Recognition Recognition

Others
Text entry devices
His involves inputting text by writing characters by hand, either
Handwriting with a stylus or finger on a touchscreen device or with a digital pen
and tablet. Handwriting recognition software translates
Recognition handwritten characters into digital text.
Text entry devices
Here are some common examples:

Keyboards Keypads

Handwriting Speech
Recognition Recognition

Others
Text entry devices
Speech recognition technology allows users to input text by speaking into a
Speech microphone. The spoken words are then transcribed into written text by
specialized software. This technology is commonly used in virtual assistants,
Recognition dictation software, and voice-to-text messaging systems.
Text entry devices
Here are some common examples:

Keyboards Keypads

Handwriting Speech
Recognition Recognition

Others
Text entry devices
There are various other methods for text entry,
including:
Others
Brain-
Gesture-based computer Morse code
Eye tracking: Predictive text:
input: interfaces input:
(BCIs):
• Using • Tracking eye • Directly • Software that • Using Morse
gestures or movements to translating predicts the code to input
motions to select brain activity word or text by
input text, characters or into text phrase a user pressing keys
commonly words for text input, intends to or buttons
seen in input, often typically used type based on representing
touchscreen used in in research context and dots and
devices. assistive settings or previously dashes.
technologies assistive entered text,
for technologies speeding up
individuals for text entry on
with mobility individuals keyboards or
impairments. with severe keypads.
disabilities.
 Display
A computer display, also known as a monitor or
screen, is an electronic device that presents visual
information generated by a computer or other
electronic device.
Different types of display technologies

LEDs (Light
CRTs (Cathode
Emitting
Ray Tube)
Diodes)

OLEDs (Organic Other display

Light Emitting technologies
Diodes) include
Different types of display technologies
CRTs (Cathode This technology was prevalent in older television sets and
computer monitors. CRT displays use a large vacuum tube to
Ray Tube) project images onto a phosphorescent screen using a beam of
electrons.
Different types of display technologies

LEDs (Light
CRTs (Cathode
Emitting
Ray Tube)
Diodes)

OLEDs (Organic Other display

Light Emitting technologies
Diodes) include
Different types of display technologies
LEDs (Light LED displays use an array of light-emitting diodes to create images.
Emitting They are commonly found in televisions, computer monitors,
outdoor signs, and many other applications due to their energy
Diodes) efficiency and ability to produce vibrant colors.
Different types of display technologies

LEDs (Light
CRTs (Cathode
Emitting
Ray Tube)
Diodes)

OLEDs (Organic Other display

Light Emitting technologies
Diodes) include
Different types of display technologies
OLEDs (Organic OLED displays use organic compounds that emit light when an
Light Emitting electric current is applied. OLEDs offer better image
quality, wider viewing angles, and thinner form factors compared
Diodes) to traditional LED displays. They are commonly used in high-end
smartphones, TVs, and wearable devices.
Different types of display technologies

LEDs (Light
CRTs (Cathode
Emitting
Ray Tube)
Diodes)

OLEDs (Organic Other display

Light Emitting technologies
Diodes) include
Different types of display technologies
Other display
technologies
include
LCDs (Liquid Crystal
Plasma Displays Projection Displays MicroLED Displays
Displays)
• LCDs use liquid • Plasma displays • These displays • MicroLED displays
crystals to use small cells project images use tiny LEDs that
modulate light, containing onto a screen or are much smaller
producing images electrically surface using light than traditional
on a flat charged ionized sources and LEDs, offering
gases to produce lenses. They are
panel. They are commonly used improved
commonly used images. They in home theaters, brightness,
in computer were popular in conference contrast, and
monitors, large-screen rooms, and large- energy efficiency.
televisions, and televisions but scale displays. They are
smartphones. have largely been considered a
phased out in promising
favor of LED and technology for

OLED technology future display

due to their applications.
bulkiness and
higher power
consumption.
 Virtual Reality (VR)

Is an immersive technology that simulates environments through computer-generated

experiences. Users wear headsets that display stereoscopic images, creating a sense of
depth and immersion. VR systems include tracking systems to monitor user movement,
input devices for interaction, and software for content creation. VR finds applications
in gaming, entertainment, healthcare, education, and more, offering unique immersive
experiences and potential for transforming various industries.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
Is a field focused on the design, evaluation, and implementation of
interactive computing systems for human use and with the study
of major phenomena surrounding them. Effective interactions,
Norman's execution-evaluation model, and ergonomics in
interface design are all important aspects within HCI.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
Effective Interactions
• Refer to interactions between
users and computer systems
that achieve desired outcomes
efficiently and satisfactorily. In
HCI, the goal is to design
interfaces that facilitate
effective interactions by
considering factors such as
usability, learnability,
efficiency, and user satisfaction.
• This involves understanding
user needs, preferences, and
tasks to create interfaces that
are intuitive and easy to use.
• Techniques such as user testing,
iterative design, and user-
centered design are employed
to ensure that interactions are
effective for the intended
audience.
Norman's Execution-Evaluation
Model
• Proposed by Donald Norman, is
a theoretical framework that
explains how users interact
with and perceive interactive
systems. According to this
model, users engage in two
main stages during
interaction: execution and
evaluation.
• During the execution stage,
users perform actions
based on their mental models of
the system and its interface.
• They execute commands or
actions to achieve their goals.
In the evaluation stage, users
perceive the system's response
to their actions and assess
whether it aligns with their
expectations. If there is a
mismatch between the user's
mental model and the system's
response, errors or confusion
may occur.
• Designing interfaces that match
users' mental models and
provide clear feedback is
crucial for enhancing usability
and user experience.
Ergonomics in Interface Design
• Focuses on creating interfaces
that are comfortable, efficient,
and safe for users to interact
with. This involves considering
human factors such as
anthropometry (the
measurement of human body
dimensions), biomechanics, and
cognitive abilities when
designing interfaces.
• Ergonomic design aims to
minimize physical strain and
cognitive load on users by
ensuring that interfaces are
well- organized,
visually clear, and easy to
navigate.
• Factors such as font size, color
contrast, button placement, and
menu layout are carefully
considered to accommodate
diverse user needs and
preferences.
• By integrating ergonomic
principles into interface design,
HCI professionals can create
interfaces that promote user
satisfaction, productivity, and
overall well-being.
 QUIZ TIME!!!!

_______1.These are the programs and instructions that tell the computer what to
do.
_______2. It’s an electronic device capable of performing various operations
according to a set of instructions called programs.
_______3. Display use organic compounds that emit light when an electric
current is applied.
_______4. Technology allows users to input text by speaking into a microphone.
 QUIZ TIME!!!!

Identify the Types of Computers Below:

5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10.
 QUIZ TIME!!!!

5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10.
 QUIZ TIME!!!!

Answer:

1. Software
2. Computers
3. OLEDs (Organic Light Emitting Diodes)
4 Speech Recognition
 QUIZ TIME!!!!

Answer:

5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10.
 QUIZ TIME!!!!

5. 6. 7.

8. 9. 10.