DISSERTATION

Topic- RELATIONSHIP OF
SELECTED PHYSICAL FITNESS
COMPONENTS WITH THE
PERFORMANCE OF BADMINTON
PLAYERS
SUBMITTED BY- SIDDHANT YADAVA SUBMITTED TO- MR. K.RAVI SHANKAR
DEPARTMENT OF B.SC SPORTS COACHING ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
VIIIth SEM DEPARTMENT OF B.SC SPORTS COACHING
ROLL.NO- BSC010 NATIONAL SPORTS UNIVERSITY, IMPHAL
 CHAPTER-I
INTRODUCTION
Badminton in recent years, has seen an unprecedented rise in the
popularity in India, primarily sparked by the emergence of global
superstars like Saina Nehwal, P.V.Sindhu, Kidambi Srikanth and
others. It may come as a surprise to some people that badminton
is among the world‘s most popular sports. Yet, badminton is the
second most popular participatory sport in the world just behind
soccer and is considered the fastest racquet sport. Badminton is a
popular sport in India. It is the second most played sport in India
after cricket. Badminton in India is managed by Badminton
Association of India.
Due to the rise and popularity of the sport, more and more people
are getting interested and are getting involved in this sport as it
has a lot of health benefits too which can help the heath of a
person in the long run and benefits such as reducing stress and
improve heart functioning as well as improving mental agility and
boosting metabolism rate are some of the key heath benefits of
playing badminton.
Badminton players need excellent court speed, and agility with a
good background of endurance to be successful in the game. This
fitness training for badminton should focus on speed, agility,
endurance, strength and flexibility. Running speed and agility are
also important to the badminton player due to the need for speed
variation, height, and angle of approach to the shuttle.
 The physical fitness training for badminton should focus on speed,
agility, endurance, strength and flexibility. Running speed and
agility are also important to the badminton player due to the need
for speed variation, height, and angle of approach to the shuttle.
Badminton is a sport that is strength-related, rather than strength-
limited in that the performance of a player is influenced by
strength and not limited by it.
The physical fitness training for badminton should focus on speed,
agility, endurance, strength and flexibility. Running speed and
agility are also important to the badminton player due to the need
for speed variation, height, and angle of approach to the shuttle.
Badminton is a sport that is strength-related, rather than strength-
limited in that the performance of a player is influenced by
strength and not limited by it.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of the study is to find out the “Relationship of

selected physical fitness components with the performance of
badminton players”.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of the study is to relate the selected physical fitness

components with the performance of badminton players.
 DELIMITATIONS
This study carries the following delimitations:
• The study is delimited to 6 badminton players of sitapur district, uttar
pradesh.
• The age of the subject is range between 18-26 years.
• The study is delimited to only Male badminton players.
LIMITATIONS
This study is limited in the following points:
• The culture and environment factors, life style and habits of the subjects
will be not considered.
• The atmospheric temperature will be overlooked.
• The emotional status and food habits of the subject will be not counted.
• No motivational technique will be used.
 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
On the basis of literatures, discussion with the supervisor, expert
and scholar’s own understanding it was hypothesized that there
will be a positive or strong relationship between selected physical
fitness components with the performance of badminton players.
DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION OF TERMS
SPEED: Speed is an ability to perform a movement or cover a
distance in short time (corbin, 2007)

AGILITY: Agility is the ability to move and change direction and

positing of the body quickly and effectively while under control
(Elizabeth, 2007).
FLEXIBILITY: A person’s flexibility refers to the ability of his joints
to move through a full range of motion (Paige, 2008).

ENDURANCE: Endurance is the ability of sports person to do

sports activity effectively, without getting tired and do recover
quickly from fatigue during and after the activity.

REACTION TIME: The time elapsed between stimulation and the

beginning of reaction to that stimulation (Charles R. Carbin, 1994).
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study has following significance:
• The result of this study would be an added knowledge in the field
of badminton.
• The result of this study may help coaches and physical education
teachers in giving training to their trainees.
• The findings of the study would be useful to examine the
relationship of selected physical fitness components with the
performance of badminton players.
• The result of this study may be helpful for the budding researches
in future.
 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Clarke H. Harrison, Ed. Physical Fitness Research Digest.2 (Washington.
D.C. President’s Council on Physical Fitness & Sports October 1972).
Jhonson B.L. and Nelson J.K. Practical Measurement for Evaluation in
Physical Education, Delhi Surfeel Publication,1972, P-217.
Amar kumar Minz “Relationship of Selected Coordinative Abilities to
Performance in Badminton”
Clair W. Jennet, “An Investigation of Tests of Agility”
Joseph Singh, “Physical Characteristics and Level of Performance in
Badminton
Manju Chahal, “ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTOR ABILITIES AND CLEAR
SKILLS OF BADMINTON PLAYERS”
 CHAPTER-III
METHODOLOGY/PROCEDURE
Sources of data
For this study, the players belonging to Badminton from sitapur
district, uttar pradesh will be the sources of data.
Selection of Subjects
For this study 6 male badminton players will be selected aged from
18 to 26 years.
Selection of Variables
Based on the relevant literature reviewed and in accordance with
views of professional experts in sports coaching variables will be
 SELECTION OF TESTS
Miller Wall-Volley Test:
The Miller Wall Volley Test was developed in 1951 to measure the
basic badminton skill of ‘Clears’ (Shot hit high and deep into the
opponent’s court) upon both men and women .
Hicks Badminton Test:
The folowing batery of five badminton skill tests were developed by
the author as a means of providing a valid and reliable measurement
of a player's ability to execute the clearstroke, smashstroke,
overheadropshot, and abilityto move quickly and eficiently on the
badminton court. An aditional test in this batery is given i.e,the
strategy test, it is designed to determine a player's general ability to
decide upon and then execute the apropriate stroke in a given
The clear, smash and fotwork tests are sugested for
begining badminton classes ,while the overhead dropshot
and strategy tests are considered tests for intermediate or
advanced players.
1. CLEAR TEST
2. SMASH TEST
3. Footwork TEST
4. OVERHEAD DROP SHOT TEST
5. STRATEGY TEST
SPEED: For measuring speed, 50 mts run will be used and the unit of
measurement will be recorded in seconds.
Agility: The T-Test is a simple running test of agility, involving
forward, lateral, and backward movements, appropriate to a wide
range of sports.
FLEXIBILITY: The sit and reach test is a common measure of
flexibility, and specifically measures the flexibility of the lower
back and hamstring muscles.
ENDURANCE: The Yo-Yo Endurance Test (continuous) is a
variation of the beep test, part of the yo-yo test series developed
by the Danish soccer physiologist Jens Bangsbo.
REACTION TIME: Reaction time testing assesses a person's
quickness to react to a stimulus.
 ADMINISTRATION OF TEST
• MILLER WALL VOLLEY TEST
The purpose of the test- The miller wall volley test is used to
measure the basic badminton skill of ‘Clears’ upon both men
and women.
Equipment: A stopwatch, a sponge-end shuttlecock, badminton
racket, marking tape or chalk and a staircase.
Test Area: A wall measuring at least 10 feet in width and 15
feet in height is marked with horizontal lines, one inch wide
and parallel to the floor. The first line is marked at the height of
7 feet 6 inches from the floor. A line is also mark on the floor at
a distance of 10 feet from the wall.
Test Administration:
A subject is allowed one minute practice of putting a sponge-end
shuttlecock into play with a legal serve from behind the 10 free
restraining line after getting instruction from the tester. The subject is
now asked to volley the shuttlecock against the wall above the 7.5’
line as many times as possible in 30 seconds. The subject is required
to start with a legal serve from behind 10 feet restraining line. Three
trials of 30 seconds each are given with at least 30 seconds intervals
between the trials.
Scoring:
The sum of number of times the shuttlecock is volleyed against the
wall during all three trial provides the score of the test. The rebounds
are counted only when shuttlecock is hit legally from behind the 10
feet restraining line and hit the wall above the 7.5’ line.
• HICKS BADMINTON TEST
The following battery of five badminton skill test is used to measurement of a player's ability to
execute the clear stroke, smash stroke, overhead drop shot, and ability to move quickly and
efficiently on the badminton court. An additional test m this battery, the strategy test, is
designed to determine a player's general ability to decide upon and then execute the
appropriate stroke in a given situation.
Test 1: - CLEAR
• The AIM is to test a player's ability to move to the shuttlecock quickly and successfully execute
a clear shot.
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED:
• Ten new feathered, cork tipped, shuttlecocks.
• A clothesline rope stretched across the court 11'6" from the net and parallel to it, at a height
of 8'3" from the floor on the examiner's side of the net.
TESTING PROCEDURE:
The player being tested stands in the court opposite the examiner on the center service line
10'6" from the net. The examiner stands on the intersection of the short service line and the
center service line, on the same side of the net as the target areas. The set-up hit by the
13'6" from the net and extending to the baseline, between the singles side boundary lines. The
examiner
should hit to the left, right or the middle of the court in a random order. The player attempts to
send the
shuttlecock by means of a clear stroke above the rope so that it lands in the target area. The
examiner should
call out the score to an assistant to record after each trial. This same assistant can determine if
the
shuttlecock goes over, under or hits the rope. Twenty trials are administered.

SCORING:
• 5 points will be given if the shuttle lands in Area-D. similarly, 4points for Area-C, 3points for
Area-B, 1point for Area-A
• If fails to attempt the short or it not cross the net or it lands in other areas then A, B, C and D.
• Maximum of 100 point can be given in this test.
TEST 2: - SMASH
• The AIM is to test a player's ability to move to the shuttlecock quickly and successfully execute
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED:
• Ten new feathered, cork tipped, badminton shuttlecocks.
• A clothesline rope stretched 36" directly above and parallel to the
top of the net.
TESTING PROCEDURES:
The player being tested stands on the center service line 10'6" from
the net. The examiner stands on the intersection of the short service
line and the center service line, on the same side of the net as the
target areas. The set-up must be high and go into an area beginning
13'6" from the net and extending to the baseline, between the singles
side boundary lines. The examiner should hit to the left, the right or
middle of the court in a random order. The player should attempt to
send the shuttlecock by means of a smash shot between the net and
the rope stretched above the net so that it lands in the target area.
The examiner should call out the score to an assistant to
 record after each trial. This same assistant can determine if the shuttlecock goes
over the rope. Another assistant can determine if the shuttlecock goes between
the net and the rope stretched 36" above it. Twenty trials are administered.
SCORING:
• 5 points will be given if the shuttle lands in Area-B. similarly, 4points for Area-
C, 3points for Area-A, 1point for Area-D.
• If fails to attempt the short or it not cross the net or it lands in other areas
then A, B, C and D.
• Maximum of 100 point can be given in this test.
TEST 3: - FOOTWORK
• The AIM is to test a player's ability to move quickly and efficiently on the
badminton court.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
• Stop watch.
TESTING PROCEDURE:
The player being tested stands on the center service line at mark X. At a signal
given by the examiner (running the stop watch), the player runs to mark A. back
to X, to mark B, back to X, to mark D, back to X. and to mark C. This pattern of
running is repeated as many times as possible in a period of 30 seconds. Three
trials of 30 seconds each are given. A period of at least 5 minutes rest should
be-given between each trial.
SCORING:
• The score for the-entire test is the total of the three trials. One point is scored
each time the player being tested touches the A, B, C, D. and X marks. No score
is given if the mark or box is not touched.
 TEST 4: - OVERHEAD DROP SHOT
• The AIM is to test a player's ability to move to the shuttlecock quickly and successfully
execute an overhead drop shot.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
• Ten new feathered, cork tipped, shuttlecocks.
• A clothesline rope stretched across the court 13'6" from the net and parallel to it on the
subject's side of the net at a height of 8'3".
• A clothesline rope stretched 30" directly above and parallel to the top of the net.
TESTING PROCEDURE:
The player being tested stands on the center service line 10'6" from the net. The examiner
stands on the intersection of the short service line and the center, service line, on the
same side of the net as the target areas. The set-up must be high and go into an area
beginning 13'6" from the net and extending to the baseline, between the singles side
boundary lines. The examiner should hit to the left, the right or the middle of the court in
a random order. The player should attempt to send the shuttlecock, by means of an
overhead drop shot, above the rope 8'3" high and between the net and
the rope stretched 30" above the net so that it lands in the target areas. The examiner
should call out the score to an assistant to record after each trial. This same assistant can
determine if the shuttlecock goes over the rope and another assistant can determine if the
shuttlecock goes between the net and the rope stretched above it. Twenty trials arc
administered.
SCORING
• Area A- 5 points, area B- 3 points and area C- 1 point.
• A score of 100is possible on this test.

TEST 5: - STRATEGY
• Its AIM is to test a player's ability to move to the shuttlecock quickly and successfully
execute the correct shot.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
• Ten new feathered, cork tipped, indoor badminton shuttlecocks.
• A clothesline rope stretched across the court 11'6" from the net and parallel to it, at a
height of 8'3" from the floor on the examiner's side of the net.
• A clothesline rope stretched 36" directly above the top of the net.
TESTING PROCEDURE:
The player being tested stands on the center service line 10'6" from the net. The
examiner serves, standing on the intersection of the short service line and the
center service line, on the same side of the net as the target areas. The set-up
must be high and go into an area beginning 13'6" from the, net and extending
to the baseline, between the singles side boundary lines. Th examiner should
hit a smash set-up (see smash test) and clear or overhead drop shot set-up (see
clear and overhead drop shot tests) in a random order. The examiner should call
out the score to an assistant to record after each trial. This same assistant can
determine if the shuttlecock goes over the rope. Another assistant can
determine if the shuttlecock goes between the net and the rope stretched 36"
above it. Twenty trials are administered.
SCORING:
• A score of zero is given for not attempting to hit the shuttlecock and missing it
and any shuttlecock landing in the side alleys.
• If the set-up is in the smash area, then a smash must be attempted or a score
of zero is given. If a smash is attempted, two points are awarded the player even
though the stroke is unsuccessful. If the stroke is successful it is given the same
score as for the smash test plus two points. Same applies on overhead drop.
• A score of zero is given if no attempt is made by
the player to hit a valid set-up.
• A score of 140 is possible on this test.
COLLECTION OF DATA
To be done......
 ANALYSIS OF THE DATA AND RESULTS OF THE
STUDY
To be done......