UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF COMPUTING

Master of Computer Applications

Course Name: Network System Administration
22CAH-752

Prepared By:-Mr. SOBIT REHAN

DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

 Vision of Department

To be a Centre of Excellence for nurturing computer professionals with strong application

expertise through experiential learning and research for matching the requirements of
industry and society instilling in them the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship.

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 Mission of Department

M1. To provide innovative learning centric facilities and quality-oriented teaching learning
process for solving computational problems.
M2. To provide a framework through Project Based Learning to support society and industry
in promoting a multidisciplinary activity.
M3. To develop crystal clear evaluation system and experiential learning mechanism aligned
with futuristic technologies and industry.
M4. To provide doorway for promoting research, innovation and entrepreneurship skills in
collaboration with industry and academia.
M5. To undertake societal activities for upliftment of rural/deprived sections of the society

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 Content
 NETWORKS

 Types of network- LAN, WAN.

 Intranet and Extranet; Internet Connection Providers

• Computer network A collection of computing devices that are
connected in various ways in order to communicate and share
resources
Usually, the connections between computers in a network are made
using physical wires or cables
However, some connections are wireless, using radio waves or infrared
signals

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• The generic term node or host refers to any device on a network
• Data transfer rate The speed with which data is moved from one
place on a network to another
• Data transfer rate is a key issue in computer networks Computer
networks have opened up an entire frontier in the world of
computing called the client/server model

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• File server A computer that stores and manages files for multiple
users on a network
• Web server A computer dedicated to responding to requests (from
the browser client) for web pages
• Local-area network (LAN) A network that connects a relatively
small number of machines in a relatively close geographical area
• Various configurations, called topologies, have been used to
administer LANs
• Ring topology A configuration that connects all nodes in a closed loop on
which messages travel in one direction
• Star topology A configuration that centers around one node to which all
others are connected and through which all messages are sent
• Bus topology All nodes are connected to a single communication line that
carries messages in both directions
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• A bus technology called Ethernet has become the industry standard
for local-area networks

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• Wide-area network (WAN) A network that connects two or more
local-area networks over a potentially large geographic distance
Often one particular node on a LAN is set up to serve as a gateway to
handle all communication going between that LAN and other networks
Communication between networks is called internetworking
The Internet, as we know it today, is essentially the ultimate wide-area
network, spanning the entire globe
Metropolitan-area network (MAN) The communication infrastructures that
have been developed in and around large cities

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Well, nobody does. No single person or company owns the Internet
or even controls it entirely. As a wide-area network, it is made up of
many smaller networks. These smaller networks are often owned
and managed by a person or organization. The Internet, then, is
really defined by how connections can be made between these
networks.

•Local-area networks connected across a distance to create a wide-area network

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• Point-to-Point
• A point-to-point connection provides a dedicated link between two devices. The entire
capacity of the link is reserved for transmission between those two devices. Most point-
to-point connections use an actual length of wire or cable to connect the two ends, but
other options, such as microwave or satellite links, are also possible. When you change
television channels by infrared remote control, you are establishing a point-to-point
connection between the remote control and the television's control system.
• Multipoint
• A multipoint (also called multidrop) connection is one in which more than two specific
devices share a single link. In a multipoint environment, the capacity of the channel is
shared, either spatially or temporally. If several devices can use the link simultaneously, it
is a spatially shared connection. If users must take turns, it is a timeshared connection.
•
•

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• 1.2.3.1 Physical Topology
•
• The term physical topology refers to the way in which a network is laid out
physically. One or more devices connect to a link; two or more links form a
topology. The topology of a network is the geometric representation of the
relationship of all the links and linking devices (usually called nodes) to one another.
There are four basic topologies possible: mesh, star, bus, and ring

• Mesh: In a mesh topology, every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every
other device. The term dedicated means that the link carries traffic only between
the two devices it connects. To find the number of physical links in a fully connected
mesh network with n nodes, we first consider that each node must be connected to
every other node. Node 1 must be connected to n - I nodes, node 2 must be
connected to n – 1 nodes, and finally node n must be connected to n - 1 nodes. We
need n(n - 1) physical links. However, if each physical link allows

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 Mesh Topology
• A mesh network or mesh topology uses separate cable to
connect each device to every other device on the network,
providing a straight communication path. For sending
messages, check the cable connected into two devices. A
message is send directly from sender to receiver because each
one has individual and separate connection.
 Advantages
• Enhance for error tolerance provided by redundant links.
• Easy to troubleshoot.
 Disadvantages
• Difficult to install and maintain.
• Expensive.
 Star Topology
• The star topology uses a separate cable for each work station
as shown in fig.The cable connects the work station to a central
device typically a HUB. The configuration provides a more
reliable network that is easily expended. With star there is no
central point of failure in the cable .if there is a problem with
the cable only the station connected to that cable is a
effected .to add more work stations simply connect another
HUB
 Advantages of Star Topology
• Easily expended and modified
• Easy to troubleshoot
• Multiple cable types supported by hub
 Disadvantages of Star Topology
• If hub fails then entire network will fail
• Require more cables
• May require a device to rebroadcast signals across the network
THANK YOU