Do not talk

Use when others

Be Do not Your place,
technology are talking, disturb Your
prepared responsibly Wait for your others responsibility
turn
Start Game
 SDETNDIRE
Have a large surface area for
HINT:
HINT:

receiving signals from other

neurons and pass it to the cell body
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DENDRITES Start
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 PANSESY
The gap between neurons is called
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_______.
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SYNAPSE Start
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 CLEUNUS
Controls the entire neuron.
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NUCLEUS Start
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 TUMILUSS
Is any factor in the environment that
HINT:
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may trigger a nerve impulse

ANSWER:
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STIMULUS Start
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Who Won?
 Have you ever wondered why you feel
hungry, thirsty, or sleepy at certain times?
Have you
ever
wondered
why you
feel hungry,
thirsty, or
sleepy at
certain
times?
 Who’s
In
Control?
 Scenarios:
In a small, close-knit town nestled in the mountains, a 45-year-
old woman named Maria has been experiencing a series of
concerning symptoms. She frequently complains of difficulty
swallowing and a persistent feeling of tightness in her neck.
Despite her typically vibrant personality, Maria has grown
increasingly fatigued and irritable. Her family notices a subtle
but noticeable swelling in her neck, prompting them to
encourage her to seek medical attention. Concerned about her
health, Maria visits her local clinic, hoping to uncover the cause
of her discomfort and regain her energy and vitality.
 Scenarios:
In a small town nestled in the countryside, a family notices that
their eight-year-old child's growth seems to be stunted compared
to their peers. Despite a healthy lifestyle and diet, the child
remains significantly shorter than expected for their age.
Concerned, the family seeks medical advice to understand the
underlying cause of their child's delayed growth. As the child's
peers continue to outgrow them, the family grapples with the
emotional and social challenges their child faces due to their
smaller stature. Determined to find answers and support their
child's well-being, the family embarks on a journey to uncover the
root cause of their child's condition.
 Scenarios:

Sarah, a 42-year-old mother of two, began experiencing intense

pain in her upper abdomen after meals, accompanied by nausea
and vomiting. Concerned, she visited her doctor, who ordered
several tests including ultrasound imaging. The results revealed
small, hardened deposits in her bile ducts. Sarah's symptoms
worsened over time, leading to frequent hospital visits and
impacting her ability to care for her family. Desperate for relief,
she sought out various treatments and lifestyle changes, hoping
to alleviate her discomfort and regain her quality of life.
 THE
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
It's all about balance and hormones!
 Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, we will be able to:
1. Identify the glands and their functions in the
body.
2. Examine the importance of the endocrine
system in sustaining life.
 What is the Endocrine System?

The endocrine system is made up of

several organs called glands.
 What is a gland?

A gland is an organ that creates and

releases substances that the body needs
to function.
What does the endocrine system
do and how does it work?
The endocrine system regularly
monitors hormone levels in the blood
and communicates by binding with
target cells.
hormones affect nearly every process in your
body, including

Growth & Emotions &

Metabolism mood
development
hormones affect nearly every process in your
body, including

Fertility and
Sleep Blood pressure
sexual function
Where can we find these glands?

Glands are found all over

your body, including in
our neck, brain and
reproductive organs.
Main glands
major glands that
that produce
produce
hormones
 Pituitary gland
• Small and pea-sized gland.
• It produces hormones that
regulate other glands
• Situated at the base of your
brain, it's vital for growth and
many functions.
 Pituitary gland
• Oxytosin, Vasopressin, Growth
Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic
Hormone ( ACTH), Prolactin,
Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle
Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
 Pituitary gland
• Stimulates growth, and
controls the functions of
other organs.
 Pituitary gland
What happens if pituitary gland is
not functioning properly?

Low levels of pituitary hormones can cause

many symptoms such as fatigue, sexual
dysfunction and changes in body
composition, appearance or weight.
 THYROID GLAND Metabolism regulator

Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It’s responsible

for one’s metabolism.
 THYROID GLAND Metabolism regulator

Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck. It’s responsible for
one’s metabolism.

What Hormones
Does the Thyroid
Make?
1. Thyroxine
2. Calcitonin
PARATHYROID GLANDS
Calcium controller

The parathyroid glands are small,

pea-sized glands located near or
attached to the thyroid gland in the
neck.

The primary function of the

parathyroid hormone is to regulate
calcium levels in the body and
normalize bone growth
 What Hormones Does
the Parathyromone
Make?
Parathyromone
your Parathyromone glands will
make sure you have enough, or not
too much, of calcium by either
releasing the PTH hormone, or not
releasing it. This will go on all day
to maintain that delicate balance of
“enough” calcium.
 Production and maturation of
THYmus GLAND immune cells

Walnut-sized organ in the chest. Your thymus is a small gland in the lymphatic
system that makes and trains special white blood cells called T-cells.
The T-cells help your immune system fight disease and infection..
 Production and maturation of
THYmus GLAND immune cells

Hormone that
secreted by this gland
is called thymosin,
which regulates the
production of
lymphocytes to
protect the body
from allergies and
infections.
 ADRENAL Stress responder

GLANDS
also known as suprarenal glands, are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys.

Adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood
pressure, response to stress and other essential functions.
ADRENAL
GLANDS
What hormones does the adrenal cortex make?
• Mineralocorticoids
• Glucocorticoids
• sex hormones to a small degree

What hormones does the Adrenal Medulla make?

• adrenaline (epinephrine) and
• noradrenaline (norepinephrine).
body's "fight-or-flight" response.
 What hormones does the adrenal cortex make?
• Mineralocorticoids
• Glucocorticoids
• sex hormones to a small degree

What hormones does the Adrenal Medulla make?

• adrenaline (epinephrine) and
• noradrenaline (norepinephrine).
body's "fight-or-flight" response.
 PANCREAS
GLAND
Blood sugar balancer

The pancreas is an organ in the back of

your abdomen (belly). It is part of your
digestive system.
PANCREAS
GLAND
Blood sugar balancer
PANCREAS
GLAND Blood sugar balancer

What Hormones Does

the Pancreas
Make?
Insulin, Glocagon
help maintain blood sugar levels.
Glucagon helps prevent blood sugar
from dropping, while insulin stops it
from rising too high. Insulin and
glucagon work together in a balance
and play a vital role in regulating a
person's blood sugar levels.
REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS
Ovaries and Testes, the gonads, are the primary female and male reproductive organs

male & female hormone-producing organs.

REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS
Ovaries and Testes, the gonads, are the primary female and male reproductive organs

testes ovary

male & female hormone-producing organs.

 REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS
Ovaries and Testes, the gonads, are the primary female and male reproductive organs

Ovaries: In women, the ovaries release sex hormones

called
Testes: In men,

• the testes (testicles) make

• Estrogen: It develops secondary sexual
sperm and release the
characteristics, regulates the menstrual cycle, and
hormone androgen and
maintains bone health.
testosterone. This hormone
• Progesterone: It prepares the uterus for pregnancy
affects sperm production,
and supports early pregnancy.
muscle strength and sex
drive.

male & female hormone-producing organs.

 What is
happening to
Ashley?
 COMMON
ENDOCRINE
DISORDER
 goiter
A condition where your
thyroid gland grows
larger and due to iodine
deficiency. Your entire
thyroid can grow larger
or it can develop one or
more small lumps called
thyroid nodules.
 Difficulty A feeling of neck fullness
swallowing or tightness.

Changes in your Difficulty weight loss

voice coughing
breathing
 dwarfism’s disease

It occurs when the pituitary

gland fails to produce an
adequate supply of growth
hormone, which is essential
for normal childhood growth.
 Gallstones
Gallstones are more common in:

•Female sex
•People over age 40
•People who are overweight
•People with family history of
gallstones
 Gallstones
Gallstones form when bile stored
in the gallbladder hardens into
stone-like material. Too much
cholesterol, bile salts, or bilirubin
(bile pigment) can cause
gallstones.
 Gallstones
Symptoms that may occur include:
Pain in the right upper or middle
upper abdomen for at least 30
minutes. The pain may be constant
or cramping. It can feel sharp or dull.
Fever.
Yellowing of skin and whites of the
eyes (jaundice).
 diabetes
refers to a condition in
which your blood
sugar levels aren’t
regulated within a
certain range.
 Potential Warning Signs of Diabetes

Increased frequency UTI or yeast Extreme Unintentional

of urination infections
exhaustion weight loss

Intense hunger Ti n g l i n g o r n u m b n e s s Slow-healing

or thirst in extremities wounds
 Any
question??
 ACTIVITY:
Complete me!
Directions: Complete the table below by listing the gland and
hormone in each described scenario.
Directions: Complete the table below by listing the gland and
hormone in each described scenario.

Follicle Stimulating
Pituitary Hormone

Adrenal Adrenaline
Testes Testosterone

Thymus Thymosin

Pancreas Insulin
 ASSIGNMENT
Label the different parts of the endocrine system and write its
function.