Anxiety and Mood disorders

Psych 100
Outline
• Anxiety
• Vulnerability to anxiety disorders
• Specific disorders related to anxiety
• Treatments for anxiety
• Mood Disorders
• Depressive Disorders symptoms
• Bipolar Disorders symptoms
• Risk factors
• Treatments
Anxiety
Discussion Questions:

What does anxiety feel

like in the body?
What kind of thoughts are
associated with anxiety?
What is the difference
between adaptive and
maladaptive anxiety?
Anxiety -Autonomic Nervous System

© 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Vulnerability to Anxiety Disorders
Triple Vulnerability Model of Anxiety Disorder
1. Biological vulnerabilities
2. Psychological vulnerabilities
3. Specific vulnerability
• Remember Little Albert experiment
• Can you think of any experiences that may have lead you to
have specific fears?
Disorders related to anxiety
Small groups will each make a poster on one of the disorders. Then each group will
share with the class
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Panic Disorder
• Social Anxiety Disorder
• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

• Things to include: symptoms, name and define related terms, how long they last
in order to be considered a disorder, what is specific about this disorder
compared to others, why does the disorder occur?
Treatment
How should anxiety
disorders be treated?

What treatments work

the fastest?

What treatments are

most effective long term?
Treatment types
• Medications • Psychotherapy
• benzodiazepenes
• Antiseizure medications
• Blood pressure medications
• Antidepressants
• Sleep medications
• Behavioral
• Using classical and operant
conditioning
• Exposure
• https://www.brainline.org/
treatment-hub/virtual-reality-
exposure-therapy-vret
• Learning new coping skills
• EMDR
• Support groups
Treatment: Fear Hierarchy of
Dogs
10: Room with lots of dog toys
20: Smelling a dog
50: Hearing a dog
60: Seeing small dogs
70: Seeing big dogs that are
not Golden Retrievers
90: Golden Retrievers
100: Sweetie the Golden
Retriever Sweetie!
Treatments: Applying Learning to
Exposure Therapy
Treatment Exposure

Outcomes New
Associations
Response
Prevention

Anxiety
Function Increase +
Experiences
Subsides
(Habituation)
Decreases
Association
Mood Disorders
Depression
• What are the symptoms?

• Major Depressive Disorder

• 1 or more depressive episodes (episodes last at least two weeks)

• Persistent Depressive Disorder

• More than 2 years
Bipolar Disorders
Requirements:
Euphoric mood: 3 < symptoms
Irritable mood: 4 < symptoms
Mania: Must be present for 1
week <
Hypomania: 4-7 days
Symptoms:
Mania or Hypomania
•  self-esteem or grandiosity
•  goal-directed activity or
psychomotor agitations
•  talkativeness
•  risky behavior
•  need for sleep
• Racing thoughts or flight of
ideas
• Distractibility
Risk Factors of Depressive
Disorders
Genetic/Biological Factors

Environmental
 Stressful life events
 Early adversity

Attributional Styles
Depressive Explanatory Style

© 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Risk Factors for Bipolar
Disorders
Genetic/Biological Factors

Environmental
 Relationship
 Positive Life Events
 Social zeitgeber theory
 Sleep & Depression

Sleep/Depression Relationship

 6 hours > sleep = depression

risk

 Depression increases risk for

decreased sleep

 Lack of sleep = precursor for

major depression
Social Relationships &
Depression
Social Isolation & Depression
 Isolation = risk factor for
depression

 Depression increases
isolation
Treatment – Depressive
Disorders
Thoughts Biological Treatments
 ECT
 TMS
 Deep Brain Stimulation
Behavior Emotions
Psychosocial Treatments
Medication  Psychotherapy, various types
 MAOIs
 Tricyclics
 SSRI & SNRI
Treatment – Bipolar Disorders

Medication Adjunctive Psychosocial

 Lithium
Treatment
 Carbamazepine  Interpersonal and Social
 Valproate Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT)
 Antiseizure
medications