ST.

KITTS UDC
SECURITY TRAINING
ON FIRST AID
PRESENTER:
ARTHNEL JORDON

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 Objectives
At the end of the lessen Officers should be
able to:
a. Define First Aid

b. Identify the circumstances surrounding

the administering of treatment
c. Identify the levels of First Aid

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 d. Identify the emergency First Aid initial
steps to be taken on discovery of an
injured person

e. Explain to be carried procedures

based on the nature of the injury

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What is First Aid
This is the administering of treatment as
a result of an accident by making use of
the skills, premises and materials
available.

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The circumstances surrounding
the administering of treatment
are:

1. To sustain life.

2. To prevent deterioration in an existing

condition.
3. To promote recovery.

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 The levels of First Aid

1. Life - saving and injury minimization

which includes:
a. A trained First Aider

b. Use of Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation

(CPR).
c. Mouth-to-Mouth resuscitation.

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 2. First Aid treatment for minor injury
which includes:
a. A trained First Aider using bandages
wipes, etc.

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 The emergency first aid initial steps to be taken on
discovery of an injured person
1. Assess the situation

If rendering assistance requires that you

put yourself at risk , you must consider the
implications of injury to yourself and the
potential of further risk to the casualty, if
your attempt fails.
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 It is always better to ensure that your
assistance is guaranteed , by first
reporting the matter before jeopardising
your own safety to the point where the
casualty does not benefit from your
presence.

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 2. Assess the injuries

If it is safe to do so, approach the

casualty and attempt to assess the level
of the injury. This assessment is for
obvious injuries such as unconsciousness,
bleeding, head injury, broken limbs,
breathing difficulties etc.
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3. Identify the cause

Is the cause of the injury known or

obvious, such as a fall, poisonous fumes,
fire or smoke related …etc. If the cause
can be remedied safely, then do so in
order to reduce the risk of further harm to
the casualty, yourself or others.
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 4. Assess the area

If there is a risk of further injury to the

casualty and the cause cannot be
remedied, then attempt to move the
casualty to a safer area without putting
your own safety at risk.
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 The following procedures should be
carried out based on the nature of the
injury

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 Cuts and Wounds
a. Try to stop bleeding at first instance by the
application of ice. Do not press the
bleeding part very strongly.

b. Cover the wound with clean cloth / sterile

gauze, and apply gentle pressure.
If a body part is severely wounded, call
911.
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 Burns

a. Never use iodine, cotton, oil or greasy

ointment.
b. For surface burns of minor nature,
submerge the part in ice cold water.
Cover lightly with sterile dry dressing.

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 c. For 2nd degree burns showing blisters
and severe pain, cut away clothing.
Immerse the burnt part of the body in
ice cold water. Apply clean wet
dressing and cover with sterile cloth
and call 911.

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 d. For 3rd degree burns where skin is
charred or destroyed (showing of
white skin), cover with clean thick
moist cloth and call 911.

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 Broken bones
a. Don’t move victim, particularly when
injury to neck or spinal cord is
suspected. Call 911
b. Put limb in a comfortable position and
call 911.
c. Allow the victim sit in a posture
comfortable for him/her if possible.

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 d. Support the broken bones with a
Splint (rolled newspaper, board or
anything rigid) Pad the splint with
rags, cloth or any soft material.
Tie firmly in place to keep broken
part from moving. Call 911

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 e. Do not try to push protruding bones
back into place.

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 Poisoning

a. Immediately give large amount of

water to dilute poison if consumed by
mouth and call 911.

b. Induce vomiting, unless the victim has

swallowed corrosive poison.

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 c. If victim has swallowed strong acids
or alkalis give fluids (water) to dilute
the materials.

d. If acid is swallowed, give baking soda

in water. Discontinue if nausea occurs
and call 911.
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 e. If acid is swallowed, give baking soda in
water. Discontinue if nausea occurs and
call 911.

f. In case of gas poisoning, transfer the

victim into fresh air surroundings
immediately. If breathing is stopped or
irregular, give artificial respiration. And
call 911.

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Electrical Shock
a. Switch off main switch or push victim
off electric wire with dry non-
conducting material like wood while
standing on dry board or a rubber mat.

b. Do not touch victim of electric shock

until contact with the source of
current is broken.
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 c. Keep victim lying down and cover him
with a blanket. If breathing stops, give
artificial respiration and call 911.

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 Eye Injury

a. Chemical in eye : Flush with clean

cold water immediately for about five
(5) minutes. Separate eye lids and
allow large amount of water to pour
over the affected eye to wash away
chemical irritant. Call 911

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 b. Object in eye : Speck may be removed
by natural flow of tears or warm water
instilled into a corner of the eye

c. Do not rub and do not touch

immovable specks on eyeball. Cover
both eyes with light bandage and call
911
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 Fainting

a. Lay casualty on his/her back.

b. Raise the legs to improve blood flow to

the brain.
c. Ensure the casualty has plenty of fresh
air.
d. Assist the casualty in sitting or standing
as he/she recovers.
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 e. Do not force the casualty to his/her
feet as this will slow down recovery
by reducing the blood flow to the
brain.
f. Call 911 is necessary

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Breathing difficulties for panic or
anxiety
a. Put the casualty in a recovery
position, as to make breathing easier.
b. Speak quietly but firmly to the
casualty for reassurance.
c. Take the casualty to a quiet place to
reduce anxiety.

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Breathing difficulties for
fume inhalation

a. Move the casualty (if no risk to

yourself) into fresh air
b. Ensure airways are clear and open..

c. Assist casualty in adopting a

comfortable breathing position.

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Asthma and Heart attack
or any other severe cases

Stay with the casualty and call 911.

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QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS

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THE END

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