RECORDING

EQUIPMENT
AND INJECTORS
USED IN
ANGIOGRAPHY

GROUP 3
 PRESENTED BY:

1. RUMBIDZAI N DEWERE
2. SIMBARASHE NYENGERE
3. LOVENDER CHIBUDURA

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INTRODUCTION
• Angiography is the general term that
describes the radiologic examination of
vascular structures within the body after
the introduction of an iodinated contrast
mmedium
• It is used to assess for the diseases
affecting the arteries and veins which
may include atherosclerosis, aneurysm
amongst others

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Video slide

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 TYPES OF INJECTORS USED:
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1 2

Power Injectors
Dual-Head Injectors Insert or Drag and DropInsert
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Syringe Injectors 3 4

Handheld Injectors
Angiographic Catheter Injectors Insert or Drag and DropInsert
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5 6

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PRESSURE INJECTORS
SALIENT FEATURES
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POWER/PRESSURE
INJECTORS
 Pressure Injectors are used routinely in diagnostic and
interventional radiology.
 They administer contrast at a consistent speed
 The concept of using pressure injection in vascular
channels is governed by Poiseuille's law. Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

 Poiseuille's law interprets that a laminar flow through

a cylindrical pipe varies inversely with the viscosity of
the medium and the length of the tube and directly
with the pressure difference across the tube and the
fourth power of the radius of the tube.

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POWER/PRESSURE
INJECTORS
In their construction, pressure injectors or
power injectors consist of an injector “head”
where syringes with contrast material are
inserted, piston plungers that deliver the
contrast from the syringes, and pressure tubing Insert or Drag and Drop your Image
that connects the syringe and vascular system
of the patient
The piston plunger has a plunger drive ram, a
drive motor that moves the drive ram, an
elastic head, a stretcher rod, and a syringe.

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POWER/PRESSURE
INJECTORS
Functionally, these four parts are in sequential
contact starting with the drive ram. The elastic
head can either expand or contract as the drive
ram advances or retracts against or from the
stretcher rod
Pressure syringes are transparent, latex free, and
provide a crystal-clear view of the contrast
medium.
Syringes are pre-filled or manually loaded.
The injector system may be single (for contrast
only) or dual syringe

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SAFETY ISSUES IN INJECTORS
Standard procedures should minimize the following risks
1. Extravasation, which is leakage of intravenously administered contrast
media
2. Air embolus, large amount of air in the venous system especially to
patients with intracardiac shunts
3. Sepsis
4. Off label injector usage e.g. gadolinium Insert or Drag and Drop your Image
5. Safety reminders raptured devices due to pressure
6. Contrast overrun especially in ACI
7. Contrast-induced nephropathy in use of catheter based injectors

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DUAL-HEAD INJECTORS
Dual-head injectors are specialized injectors
that allow the simultaneous injection of contrast
media into two different sites or vessels.
They are particularly useful in procedures
requiring bilateral angiography or simultaneous
injection into arterial and venous systems.

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DUAL-HEAD INJECTORS
Dual-head injectors provide flexibility and
efficiency by reducing the need for multiple
injections and procedural time.
Dual-head injectors can incorporate a saline
flush, which ensures complete delivery of the
contrast dose into the circulatory system and
can reduce the amount of iodine needed to
achieve optimal imaging

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SYRINGE INJECTORS

Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

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SYRINGE INJECTORS
oSyringe injectors are manual devices that use syringes filled
with contrast media.
o They are operated by hand, allowing the medical
professional to control the injection manually.
oSyringe injectors are typically used in situations where
precise control over the injection is desired, or in cases
where power injectors are not available.

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Angiographic Catheter
Injectors
 Some angiographic catheters are designed
with built-in injectors.
 These catheters have a separate lumen or port
through which contrast media can be injected Insert or Drag and Drop your Image
directly into the blood vessels.
 These integrated injectors offer a streamlined
approach, eliminating the need for separate
injectors and simplifying the procedure.

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HANDHELD INJECTORS
Handheld injectors are compact, portable
devices used for manual injection of
contrast media.
They are designed for convenience and Insert or Drag and Drop your Image
mobility, enabling medical professionals to
perform angiography in various settings,
including the operating room or
interventional suites.

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 Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

RECORDING EQUIPMENT

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• Angiography uses an x-ray imaging system to visualize the inside of
blood vessels
• The recording equipment used during an angiography procedure
typically consist of two components which are
• angiography machine
• image acquisition and storage system

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ANGIOGRAPHY MACHINE
• This x-ray imaging system captures images of blood vessels as it
consist of
• x-ray source
• image intensifier
• detector

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 X-RAY SOURCE

• generates a burst of x-rays that penetrate into

body of patient. Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

It can be pulsed or continuous depending on

the type of angiography being performed

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 IMAGE INTENSIFIER

• amplifies the weak x-rays that pass through the

body.
It consist of fluorescent screen that converts x- Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

rays into light photons.

These light photons are then amplified by a
photomultiplier tube thereby creating a brighter
image

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 DETECTOR

• converts the amplified x-rays from the image

intensifier into an electrical signal which is then Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

digitized by video capture card.

Flat panel detectors mostly used because they
offer higher image quality and lower radiation
dose

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IMAGE ACQUISITION
AND STORAGE Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

SYSTEM

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• This system captures the fluoroscopic images and stores them for
later review
• Typically consist of video capture card
• Digital video recorder(DVR)
• Workstation

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 VIDEO CAPTURE CARD

• this device digitizes the

electrical signal from the
detector and digitized signal is
then sent to the DVR for Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

storage

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 DVR
• it stores the digital images of the
angiography procedure on a hard drive or
other storage media.
Insert or Drag and Drop your Image
• It allows the physician to review the
images after procedure and to create
recordings or educational or diagnostic
purposes

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 WORKSTATION

it is a computer that allows the physician to review

the angiography images. It has high resolution Insert or Drag and Drop your Image

monitor for displaying the images and software for

manipulating the images.
Physician can use the software to zoom in on
specific areas of interest and brightness of images
and to create annotations
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Thank You
THE END