Restricted earth fault (REF) protection 64REF

The REF protection method is applied to transformers or generators and is more sensitive than the method known as
differential protection.
A REF relay works by measuring the actual current flowing to earth from the frame of the unit. If that current exceeds
a certain preset maximum value of milliamps (mA) the relay will trip to cut off the power supply to the unit.
REF protection is applied on transformers in order to detect ground faults on a given winding more sensitively than
differential protection.
REF protection is applied for high-power transformers (usually more than 15MVA) with star secondary winding.

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