Assalamu-alaikum

Course no :EEE 412

Course name :Power System II Laboratory
Group no :05

Group members
Name ID
Special Thanks to our course instructor
Mymon Uddin 1706100
Md.Obaidur Rahman sir Shakib Shahria 1706113
Jahidul Islam 1706120
Asikur Rahman Jowel sir Kazi Mohiuddin Alamgir 1706141
Md.Ahsanul Haque 1706142
Rokonujjaman Rokon 1706150
Taki Tazwoar Ali 1706181
 Assessing the Effect of Distributed
Energy Resources on Frequency Stability
in Renewable Power Systems
 Power System:
Worlds largest and most-complex man made system

How it works:

 In simplest form, it’s a game of balancing between generation and consumption

 Any imbalance of them can create a problem naming ‘frequency deviation’.

 But power system can’t tolerate too much frequency deviation, so It stops the
system elements causing blackout.
Power generation system can be:
 Conventional ( Fossil fuel based generator)
 Renewable Energy based ( Solar PV, Wind, Hydro)

There has been a worldwide shift from conventional to dependence on Renewable

Energy Sources (RES).

Because,
 Carbon emission is very high in conventional system
 Fossil fuel availability is limited
 Renewables offers green energy.
 Renewable sources installation cost is decreasing day by day.
Recent Trends in power system worldwide:
Frequency Response support of Conventional
Power system

 Consists of thousands of rotating machine

 Rotating machines has kinetic inertia in it’s rotor
 In case of any frequency deviation, it releases some kinetic
energy to arrest the frequency deviation

On the other hand, RE based Distributed Energy Resources

(DERs) can’t support frequency response.
PROBLEM FORMULATION
 THE DER DOESN’T POSSESS SUFFCIENT HEADROOM UNLIKE A
SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR.
 FOR A HIGH DER PENETRATED GRID,A SUDDEN TRIP OF GENERATION
OR AN ITERCONNECTION HIGHLY AFFECTS THE FREQUENCY
RESPONSE.
 THE UFLS BECOMES UNAVOIDABLE IN THIS CASE.
 THE PROBLEM IS THE LOAD AND THE DER ARE CONNECTED IN SAME
FEEDERS.
 THEREFORE THE UFLS DISCONNECTS NOT ONLY THE LOAD BUT ALSO
THE DER.
 CONSEQUENTLY THE FREQUENCY RESPONSE BECOME WORSE
INSTEAD OF IMPROVING.
 SO, THE DER DISCONNECTION MUSTN’T EXCEEDS AN ALLOWED LIMIT.
SIMULATION SOFTWARE: PSSE

 PSSE (Power System Simulation for Engineering) is a software tool

developed by Siemens PTI for modeling and simulating electrical
power systems.
 It is widely used by engineers and researchers in the power industry to
analyze and optimize power systems.
 It allows users to analyze different aspects of power systems, such as
load flow, short circuit, dynamic stability, and transient analysis.
 The software is also capable of performing contingency analysis,
which allows engineers to evaluate the effects of equipment failures
or outages on the power system.
 SG

SG

Single line Diagram

SG

SG

Interconnection
 FLOW-CHART OF METHODOLOGY

Step 1: Setting initial Step 2: Configuring the

Start value of DER penetration appropriate UFLS scheme

Does a Step 3: Setting initial

Step 4: Running a
blackout value of DER
simulation
occur? disconnection

No
No

Step 5: Increment of the Is final value

Step 7: Increment of the
value of DER of DER
value of DER penetration
disconnection penetration
reached?

Step 6: Recording the

Yes value of DER Yes
disconnection responsible
for blackout Stop
SIMULATION SETUP: UFLS Scheme

Frequency (Hz) % of load shed

49 Hz 20%

48.5 Hz 10%

48.25 Hz 5%

 The relay response time is 100 milliseconds.

 The breaker time is 50 milliseconds.
 The UFLS scheme restores frequency after an interconnection
outage if no DER is disconnected.
 The DER disconnection scheme is applied only with the first
stage of the UFLS.
 Setup for Simulation

 Initial value of DER penetration is kept 25% (Step 1)

 Initial value of DER disconnection kept 15% (Step 3)
 Increment of the value of DER disconnection is 10%
(Step 5)
 Increment of the value of DER penetration is kept 5%
(Step 7)
 The final value of DER penetration is 85%
 Results- Phase 1: Frequency Response for 25
% DER penetration case

50.25
50.00
49.75
Freqency (Hz)

49.50
49.25
DER d=15%
49.00 DER d=25%
DER d=35%
48.75
DER d=45%
48.50 DER d=55%
DER d=65%
48.25 DER d=75%
DER d=85%
48.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
 Results- Phase 2: Frequency Response Indices: Frequency Nadir

49.00

48.90
Frequency nadir (Hz)

48.80

48.70

48.60

48.50

48.40

48.30
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
DER disconnection (%)
 Results- Phase 3: Frequency Response Indices: Settling Frequency

49.90

49.80
Settling frequency (Hz)

49.70

49.60

49.50

49.40

49.30

49.20
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
DER disconnection (%)
 Results- Phase 4: DER penetration Vs DER disconnection
DER penetration (%) DER disconnection causing frequency collapse
(%)

25 91
30 81
35 73
40 67
45 63
50 70
55 68
60 66
65 60
70 53
75 45
80 34
85 21
 Results- Phase 4: DER penetration Vs DER disconnection

100
Vulnerable
operating
DER disconnection(%)

80 zone

60

Safe
40 operating
zone

20
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
DER penetration(%)
 Results- Phase 4: DER penetration Vs DER disconnection

Goodness of fit parameters

Name of Symbol Value
parameter

Regression R-square 0.8593 Inequality

co-efficient

Root mean RMSE 7.407

%_𝑫𝑬𝑹_𝒅(𝒃𝒍𝒂𝒄𝒌𝒐𝒖𝒕,%_𝑫𝑬𝑹_𝑷(𝒊) ≥−𝟎.𝟗×(% 𝑫𝑬𝑹_𝒑(𝒊))+𝟏𝟏𝟎.𝟒
squared
error

Confidence -- 95%
bound
 Contribution
Topic Contributor
Paper reading Jahidul Islam, Mohiuddin Alamgir
Software Md. Ahsanul Haque, Taki Tazwoar Ali
Problem and research gap Shakib Shahria, Mymon Uddin
Methodology Rokonujjaman Rokon
Simulation and Data record Taki Tazwoar Ali
Result analysis Jahidul Islam, Mohiuddin Alamgir
Graph plot Shakib Shahria, Mymon Uddin,
Ahsanul Haque
Report All members
Thank you