Roy’ adaptation model

Nursing is establishing itself as a scientific

discipline
The nursing models provide the basis for
selecting knowledge to be transmitted in
nursing education
 It is the framework for nursing practice and
the direction for nursing research
The Callista Roy Born on 14 Oct ,1939
 Bachelors of arts in nursing
Masters of science in nursing from University
of California, Los Angeles 1966
 Masters of arts(M.A) in sociology
 Associate professor and chairperson of the
department of nursing at mount Saint Mary's
college until 1982
1983-1985 she was Post Doctoral fellow at
Robert Wood Johnson at University of
California, as a clinical nurse scholar
in neuroscience.
 Assumptions
Scientific assumptions
 Philosophical assumptions
 Assumptions from humanism
 Assumptions based on veritivity
 Major concept
1). Adaptation - goal of nursing
2). Person - adaptive system
3). Environment - stimuli
4). Health - outcome of adaptation
5). Nursing – promoting adaptation and health
 Subsystems
1). Cognator subsystem
2). Regulator subsystem
 Four adaptive modes
1) Physiologic needs
2) Self concept
3) Role function
4) Interdependence
 THEORY DEVELOPMENT
PHILOSOPHICAL ASSUMPTIONS
1. Persons have mutual relationships with the world
and God
 2. Human meaning is rooted in an omega point
convergence of the universe
 3. God is intimately revealed in the diversity of
creation and is the common destiny of creation
 4. Persons use human creative abilities of awareness,
enlightenment, and faith
5. Persons are accountable for the processes of
deriving, sustaining, and transforming the universe
 ADAPTATION AND GROUPS
Includes relating persons, partners, families, organizations,
communities, nations, and society as a whole
 A. Persons :- 1. Physiologic
2. Self-Concept
3. Role Function
4. Interdependence
 B. Groups :- 1. Physical
2. Group identity
3. Role Function
4. Interdependence
 ROLE FUNCTION MODE
Underlying Need of Social integrity
The need to know who one is in relation to
others so that one can act
The need for role clarity of all participants in
group
 ADAPTATION LEVEL
A zone within which stimulation will lead to a
positive or adaptive response
 Adaptive mode processes described on three
levels:-
1. Integrated
2. Compensatory
3. Compromised
INTEGRATED LIFE PROCESSES
Adaptation level where the structures and
functions of the life processes work to meet
needs
 Examples of Integrated Adaptation –
Stable process of breathing and ventilation
Effective processes for moral-ethical-
spiritual growth
 COMPENSATORY PROCESSES
 Adaptation level where the cognator and
regulator are activated by a challenge to the life
processes
 Compensatory Adaptation Examples
 Grieving as a growth process, higher levels of
adaptation and transcendence
 Role transition, growth in a new role
 COMPROMISED PROCESSES
 Adaptation level resulting from inadequate
integrated and compensatory life processes
 Adaptation problem
 Compromised Adaptation Examples
 Hypoxia
 Unresolved Loss
 Stigma
 Abusive Relationships
 THE NURSING PROCESS
RAM offers guidelines to nurse in developing the
nursing process.
 The elements :-
1. First level assessment
2. Second level assessment
3. Diagnosis
4. Goal setting
5. Intervention
6. Evaluation
 USEFULNESS OF ADAPTATION
MODEL
Scientific knowledge for practice
Clinical assessment and intervention
Research variables
To guide nursing practice
To organize nursing education
Curricular frame work for various nursing
colleges
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE THEORY
1. Interrelated
2. Logical in nature
3. Relatively simple yet generalizable
 4. Can be the basis for the hypotheses that can be tested
 5. Contribute to and assist in increasing the general body
of knowledge of a discipline
6. Can be utilized by the practitioners to guide and
improve their practice
 7. Consistent with other validated theories, laws and
principles
 8. Testable