 Based their assumptions and prepositions on the essence of

growth and maturation as a process of transformation going

to a state of a particular functional competence.
 Appreciate and comprehend Man’s uniqueness for safe and
effective nursing practice.
 Each level of developmental stage must be met to fulfill the
holistic health of the individual, failure to achieve a positive
resolution or achievement in a particular phase would result
to delay of succeeding stage and thus alter the level of
wellness of a person.
Born on October 14, 1939 in Los Angeles, California.
1963, earned her BSN degree from Mount Saint
Mary College, LA.
1966, Master’s Degree in Pediatric Nursing.
1977, Doctorate in Sociology from University of
California. Her postdoctoral studies in Neuroscience
Nursing were at the University of California at San
Francisco.
She is a theorist and a professor at the William F.
Connell School of Nursing at Boston College,
Massachusetts.
Fellow, American Academy of Nursing and an active
member of nursing organizations which includes Sigma
Theta Tau and North American Nursing Diagnosis
Association (NANDA).
1964, her work Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) was known.
She had publications on nursing theory and other
professional topics to include:
a) Introduction to Nursing: An Adaptation Model
b) Essentials of Roy Adaptation Model
c) Theory of Construction in Nursing: An Adaptation
Model
d) Roy Adaptation Model: the Definitive Statement
A biopsychosocial being in
constant interaction with a
changing environment.
An open, adaptive system who
uses coping skills to deal with
stressors.
It includes people as individuals
or in groups (families,
organization, communities,
nation and society).
 Is the process of being and
becoming an integrated and
whole person.
 ADAPTATION – the
process and outcome whereby
thinking and feeling, as
individuals and in groups, use
conscious awareness and
choice to create human and
environmental integration.
Conditions,
circumstances and
influences that
surround and affect
the development and
behavior of a person.
Describes stressors as
“stimuli”.
1. FOCAL – those most immediately
confronting the person, it attracts more
attention.
2. CONTEXTUAL – all other stimuli that
strengthens the effect of the focal
stimulus.
3. RESIDUAL – those stimuli that can
affect the focal stimulus but the effects
are unclear.
 Science and practice that expands
adaptive abilities and enhance
person and environment
transformation.
 It is about the decrease,
enhancement, modification and
alteration of the stimulus to achieve
adaptation.
KEY CONCEPTS:
1. The person is adapting in a stable interaction with
the environment, either internal or external.
2. The environment serves as the source of a range of
stimuli that will either threaten or promote the
person’s unique wholeness.
3. The person’s major task is to maintain integrity and
face these environmental stimuli.
 INTEGRITY – degree of
wholeness achieved by
adapting to change in needs.
 Ability to respond positively in a
situation.
 It is described as integrated,
compensatory or compromised.
 It is modulated by a person’s coping
mechanism and control processes.
1. Regulator subsystem – transpires through neural,
chemical and endocrine processes. These are
automatic responses to stimuli. ( Increase in vital
signs – sympathetic response to stress)
2. Cognator subsystem – occurs through cognitive-
emotive processes (effects of prolonged
hospitalization to a child).
1. Stabilizer subsystem - the established structures,
values, & daily activities whereby participants
accomplish the primary purpose of the group &
contribute to common purpose of society.
2. Innovator subsystem – allows the person to
change to higher levels of potential through
cognitive & emotional strategies.
1. Physiological adaptive
mode
2. Self-Concept adaptive
mode
3. Role Function adaptive
mode
4. Interdependence
adaptive mode
 PHYSIOLOGICAL

 Way a person respond as a

physical being to stimuli
from the environment.
 GOAL: Physiological
Integrity
 SELF-CONCEPT / GROUP
IDENTITY
 Psychological & spiritual
characteristic of the person
consist of all beliefs & feelings
that one has formed about one-
self. Components includes:
physical (body sensation &
image) and personal self (ideals,
morals & spiritual self)
 GOAL: Psychological Integrity
 ROLE FUNCTION

A set of expectation about

how a person occupying
one’s position behaves
towards a person occupying
another position.
 GOAL: Social Integrity
 INTERDEPENDENCE

 Occurs between the person &

the most significant others or
between the person and
support system which result in
giving and receiving of love,
respect & value.
 GOAL: Affectional Adequacy
 A problem solving approach for gathering data,
identifying the capacities & needs of the human
adaptive system, selecting & implementing
approaches for nursing care & evaluation the
outcome of care provided.
 It is goal-oriented.

NURSING PROCESS
1. Assessment of Behavior
2. Assessment of Stimuli
3. Nursing Diagnosis
4. Goal Setting
5. Intervention
6. Evaluation
“Nursing is the
science and practice
that expands
adaptive abilities and
enhances person and
environment
transformation.”