SISTER CALLISTA ROY

ADAPTATION
MODEL
 SISTER CALLISTA
ROY
Sister Callista L. Roy (born October 14,
1939) is a nursing theorist, professor,
and author.
She was an American Nun
Received her master’s degree in
nursing from the University of
California in 1966.
Adaptation Model of Nursing was
developed in 1976.
ASSUMPTIONS
Persons and the earth have common patterns and integral
relationships.
Integration of human and environmental meanings results in
adaptation
Awareness of self and environment is rooted in thinking and feeling.
God is intimately revealed in the diversity of creation and is the
common destiny of creation.
Persons use human creative abilities of awareness, enlightenment, and
faith.
Persons are accountable for the processes of deriving, sustaining, and
transforming the universe.
 ADAPTATION
The process and outcome whereby thinking and
feeling persons, as individuals and in groups, use
conscious awareness and choice to create human
and environmental integration
 COPING PROCESS
Acquired ways of interacting with the
changing of environment.
A dynamic process that encompasses the
cognitive and behavioral responses to
stressful situations.
THE PERSON
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CHANGING ENVIRONMENT.
 2 TYPES OF INTERNAL PROCESSES
Regulator Cognator
Subsystem Subsystem
A basic type of adaptive A person’s mental
process that responds coping mechanism. A
automatically through person uses his brain to
neural, chemical, and cope via self-concept,
endocrine coping interdependence, and
channels; automatic role function adaptive
response to stimulus modes.
 CATEGORIES OF STIMULI
FOCAL STIMULI
internal or external stimulus
immediately affecting the system
those that immediately confront the
person, e.g., pricking of skin tissue
during injection of drugs.
CONTEXTUAL STIMULI
are all other stimuli present or
contributing factors in the
situation, e.g., inability to explain
the procedure and the need for
the drug.

RESIDUAL STIMULI
are unknown factors such as beliefs,
attitudes or traits that have an
intermediate effect or influence on the
present situation, e.g., the false belief
that a patient cannot bathe after an
injection.
 MAJOR
CONCEPTS
 PERSON
Human systems have thinking and feeling capacities, rooted in
consciousness and meaning, by which they adjust effectively to
changes in the environment and, in turn, affect the environment.
an adaptive system with coping mechanisms manifested by the
adaptive modes:

01 Physiologic Adaptive Mode 02 Self-Concept Mode

03 Role Function Mode 04 Interdependence Mode

01 Physiologic Adaptive Mode
Behavior pertaining to the physical aspect of the human
system

Determined by physiologic needs, e.g., sleeping after a

day's work. In the physiologic mode, the focus is on five
needs (oxygenation, nutrition, elimination, activity, rest and
protection) and on four regulatory processes (the senses,
fluids and electrolytes, neurologic, and endocrine
functions).
02 Self-Concept Mode
The composite of beliefs and feelings held about oneself at
a given time.
Focus on the psychological and spiritual aspects of the
human system. This includes body image and self-ideals.
Need to know who one is, so that one can exist with a state
of unity, meaning, and purposefulness of 2 modes
(physical self, and personal self)
Determined by interaction with others. For example, it's
nice to hear someone say, “you’re beautiful in your suit."
03 Role Function Mode
Set of expectations about how a person occupying one
position behaves toward another occupying another
position
This mode focuses on the primary, secondary, and tertiary
roles that a person occupies in society and knowing
where they stand as a member of society.
Example: In today's society, a “mothering" role often
includes being a breadwinner and so a working woman
needs to return to her work soon after the delivery of her
baby.
04 Interdependence Mode
Behavior pertaining to interdependent relationships of
individuals and groups.
Focus on the close relationships of people and their
purpose. Each relationship exists for some reason.
Involves the willingness and ability to give to others
and accept from others.
Involves ways of seeking help, affection, and attention.
It is also the ability to love, respect, value and accept.
 ENVIRONMENT
The conditions, circumstances and influences
surrounding and affecting the development and
behavior of persons or groups, with particular
consideration of the mutuality of person and health
resources that includes focal, contextual and residual
stimuli.
 HEALTH
Health is not freedom from the inevitability of
death, disease, unhappiness, and stress, but the
ability to cope with them in a competent way.
 NURSING
The goal of nursing is the promotion of adaptation for
individuals and groups in each of the four adaptive
modes, thus contributing to health, quality of life, and
dying with dignity.
 ADAPTATION
The process and outcome whereby thinking and
feeling persons as individuals or in groups use
conscious awareness and choice to create human and
environmental integration.
 SIX-STEP NURSING PROCESS
A nurse’s role in the Adaptation Model is to manipulate stimuli by
removing, decreasing, increasing, or altering stimuli.
1. Assess the behaviors manifested from the four adaptive modes.
2. Assess the stimuli, categorize them as focal, contextual, or residual.
3. Make a statement or nursing diagnosis of the person’s adaptive
state.
4. Set a goal to promote adaptation.
5. Implement interventions aimed at managing the stimuli.
6. Evaluate whether the adaptive goal has been met.
 WRAP-UP
Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model is
a comprehensive nursing theory that
provides a framework for understanding
how individuals respond to the
challenges and stressors in their
environment. The model emphasizes the
dynamic and ongoing nature of
adaptation and highlights the
importance of promoting adaptation to
maintain or improve health.
Thank you