ADTICLE III SECTION

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“NOR SHALL ANY PERSON BE DENIED THE EQUAL

PROTECTION OF LAWS”
Equal protection of the laws signifies that all persons subject to
legislation shall be treated under circumstances and conditions both in
the privilege conferred and liabilities imposed.

Be requisites for a valid classification

1. Must be arbitrary
2. Must not be based upon substantial distinctions.
3. Must be germane to the purpose of law.
4. Must not be limited to existing conditions only; and
5. Must pay equally to all members of a class

Equal Protection refers to the idea that a governmental body may not
deny people equal protection of its governing laws. The governing
body state must treat an individual in the same manner as others in
similar conditions and circumstances.

Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to
the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination
and, without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin,
colour, religion, sex, age or mental or physical disability."
The equal protection of the law clause is against undue favor and
individual or class privilege, as well as hostile discrimination or
the oppression of inequality.

For example, a state may not prohibit inter-racial marriages, or

deny child custody to a couple because they are of different
races. Also, as mentioned above, any laws requiring segregation
of the races will be held unconstitutional.
This ensures that all individuals within the jurisdiction of the
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Philipines are entitled to equal protection of the laws. This means that
the government must treat similarity situated individuals in a similar
manner, without discrimination or favoritism.

In practical terms, it means that laws ad government actions cannot

arbitrarily discriminate against individuals or groups based on
characteristics such as race, gender, religion, ethnicity, social class, or
any other personal attribute. The government must apply laws fairly
and impartially to all citizens and residents, ensuring that everyone
has equal access to justice and protection under the law.
This provision is essential for upholding the principles of democracy,
fairness, and justice within the Philippines legal system, and it serves
as a safeguard against any form of unjust discrimination or abuse of
power by the government.
THANK YOU
Jose Dominic Gabalfin
Marc Clarence Polvorido
Jessa May Ailes