DBMS

Your Gateway to Organize Data!!

Contents of this presentation

Basic Concepts Explanation about Data, Record, Table, Database, Entities, Attributes and Relationships.

Keys Primary Keys, Candidate Keys and Super Keys.

Purpose Early Methods, Purpose of DBMS, Early Methods, Why DBMS?

File vs DBMS Difference between File System and DBMS, Adv and Dis-Adv of DBMS.

View of Data Data Abstraction, Three Schema Architecture

DataBase Languages DDL, DML, DCL, TCL, DQL

About the topic
Imagine a digital filing system that not only stores
your data but also organizes it, keeps it secure, and
ensures you can access it whenever you need. That’s
DBMS!
01
Basic Concepts
Understanding the Essential Concepts
Concepts
0
1 What is Data?
Data are raw facts or figures that are typically unorganized and have no meaning by themselves. They can
be numbers, words, measurements, observations, or descriptions. For example, "25," "red," and "apple" are
all data.

2 What is Information?
Information is data that has been processed, organized, or structured in a meaningful context. It provides
context, relevance, and purpose to the data. For example, "There are 25 red apples" is information derived
from the data.

3 What is Record?
A record is a collection of related data elements that are treated as a single unit. It typically represents an
event and contains information about that event. For example, a student record may contain data such as
name, student ID, courses enrolled, and grades.
“Data is the new oil for the internet and
the new currency of the digital world.”

- Werner Vogels, CTO of Amazon

 Continuation of Concepts
Understanding Entities, Attributes, Relationships.
04
Entities
An entity is a real world thing about
which data can be stored. It can be a
person, place, event, or object.For
example, in a university database,
"student," "course," and "instructor"
could be entities.
05
Attributes
Attributes are the characteristics that
describe an entity. They are the pieces
of information that we want to store
about each entity. For example, for a
"student" entity, attributes could
include "name," "student ID," and
"date of birth."
06
Relationships
Relationships define how entities are
related to each other. They describe
the interactions between entities. For
example, a "student" entity having
relationship with a "course" entity
indicating that the student is enrolled
in that course.
Hypothesis
07
Table
A table is a collection of related data
organized in rows and columns. Each
row in a table represents a record, and
each column represents a specific
attribute or field of that record. Tables
are used to store and organize data in a
structured format, making it easier to
retrieve, update, and manage.
08
Database
A database is a collection of related data
organized and stored in a computer
system. Databases typically consist of
one or more tables, along with other
objects such as views, indexes etc.
Examples of databases include MySQL,
Oracle, SQL Server, and PostgreSQL.
DataBase Management System
Centralized
DBMS provides a centralized
storage mechanism for efficiently
storing and managing large
volumes of data
Retrieval
Allows users to easily retrieve data
from the database using queries.
Users can specify the criteria for
retrieving data, such as selecting
specific columns or filtering based
on certain conditions.
Manipulation
DBMS enables users to manipulate
data stored in the database. This
includes inserting new data,
updating existing data, and
deleting unnecessary data.
 Keys : Keys in a database are used to uniquely identify records in a table
Super Key
A super key is a set of one or more
columns that uniquely identifies a
record in a table. Unlike a candidate
key, a super key may contain
additional columns that are not
necessary for uniquely identifying a
record.
Keys
Candidate Key Primary Key
A candidate key is a set of one or A primary key is a unique identifier
more columns that can uniquely for a record in a table. It uniquely
identify a record in a table. identifies each record and ensures that
there are no duplicate records in the
table.
A candidate key becomes the primary
key if chosen as the main unique
identifier. If the primary key is made
up of multiple columns, the remaining
candidate keys are called alternate
keys.
Purpose
DBMS provides a centralized storage mechanism for
efficiently storing and managing large volumes of data. It
Retrieval organizes data into tables, rows, and columns, ensuring
data integrity and security.

DBMS enables users to manipulate data stored in the

Manipulation database. This includes inserting new data, updating
existing data, and deleting unnecessary data.

DBMS provides a centralized storage mechanism for

efficiently storing and managing large volumes of data. It
Storage organizes data into tables, rows, and columns, ensuring
data integrity and security.

DBMS provides mechanisms to ensure data security and

Security integrity. It allows users to define access permissions and
control who can view, modify, or delete data.