GRAMMAR SUMMARY UNIT 2

There is/are
We use there is/are to talk about things that We use How many … are there?
are in a place. to ask about the number of
We use there’s (= there is) before a singular things.
noun and there are before a plural noun. We How many people are there in
add any after there aren't and Are there. your family?
How many rooms are there in
your house?
Note: we use there is, not there
are, before a list of singular
things.
There are / There’s a bed, an
armchair and a desk in the
 Exercise 1
bedroom.

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Prepositions of place
We use prepositions of place to talk about the position of a thing or a person.
There are three people in the room.
The computer is on the table.*
The photo is on the wall.*
Your phone is under the book.
The cinema is between the park and the supermarket.
The chair is in front of the television.
My flat is opposite a school.
Mexico City is in the middle of Mexico.
The fridge is on the left/right.
* Note the two uses of on.
The computer is on the table.

The photo is on the wall.  Exercises 2 and 3

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Plural nouns
To make most nouns plural, we add - Some nouns are irregular.
s. man → men, person → people
car → cars
Other nouns have no plural.
After nouns ending in -ch, -sh, -s, -ss sheep → sheep
and -x, we add -es.
In adjective + noun and noun + noun
watch → watches
combinations, we only make the
brush → brushes
second word plural.
bus → buses
mobile phone → mobile phones
boss → bosses
train station → train stations
box → boxes
With nouns ending in consonant + -y,  Exercise 4
we change the -y to -ies.
party → parties
With nouns ending in -f and -fe, we
change the -f or -fe to -ves.
life → lives
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this, that, these, those
We use this and these to talk about people and things that are near to us. We
use this + singular noun and these + plural noun.
Is this your house?
These are my two brothers.
We use that and those to talk about people and things that are far from us.
We use that + singular noun and those + plural noun.
That’s a big mountain.
Are those your roller blades on the table?
We can also use this, that, these and those before a noun.
What’s this book?
Those gloves are very big.

 Exercises 5

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Exercises
1 Complete the sentences with the affirmative, negative or question form of
there is/are. Add any when necessary.

There are
1 _______________ two bedrooms in my new flat. (+)
There isn’t
2 _______________ a table in the living room. (–)
Are there any good restaurants in this town? (?)
3 _______________
there are
Yes, _______________.
Is there
4 _______________ a garden? (?)
there isn’t
No, _______________.
There aren’t any chairs in the living room. (–)
5 ________________
There’s
6 _______________ a swimming pool near my house. (+)

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2 Choose the correct options to complete the conversation.

A: How is your new house?

B: It’s nice. There 1 are / is four rooms – a living room, a kitchen, a
bathroom and a bedroom.
A: Is there a garden?
B: No, there 2 isn’t / aren’t. But there s a park 3 next to / in the house.
A: And how is your bedroom?
B: It’s OK. There’s a big bed. There aren’t 4 any / no pictures on the wall.
A: 5 There is / Is there a TV in your bedroom?
B: Yes, there is. There is a cupboard 6 opposite / under the bed, and the TV
is 7 on / between the cupboard.
A: Are there any windows?
B: Yes, there is a window 8 above / in the cupboard.

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3 Look at the picture. Complete the sentences with these words and phrases.

1 in front of
There is a car _________________ the house.
2 on the right
There is a tree _________________.
3 on
There is a bird _________________ the car.
4 on the left
There is a garden _________________.
5 between
There is a cat _________________ the car and the motorbike.
6 under
There is a ball _________________ the car.

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4 Correct the mistakes in the plural forms in these sentences.

1 There aren’t any persons in the café.

people
2 Are there any boxs in his car?
boxes
3 There are two babyes in the park.
babies
4 Are there any sandwichs for the picnic?
sandwiches
5 The womans are from Russia.
women
6 There are nice scarfs in the shop.
scarves
7 There are two trains stations in my town.
train stations

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5 Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. Use the information in
brackets. (N) = the things/ people are near. (F) = the things/people are far.

1 A: What’s that / this on your arm? (F)

B: It’s my new watch.
2 A: Is this / that your key? (N)
B: Yes. Thanks.
3 I like these / those boots. (N)
4 Is this / that Max’s car there in the car park? (F)
5 Who are those / that people in front of the station? (F)
6 A: Is this / that your jacket? (N)
B: No. It’s Eduardo’s jacket.
7 Are these / this Teresa’s glasses? (N)
8 What are those / these buildings over there? (F)

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