FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN

BEHAVIORS ON THE
INFLUENCES OF THE
EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SOCIETY
 Culture Effects on Behaviour
Our culture shapes the way we work and play, and it makes a difference in how we view ourselves and
others. This includes:
 Human behavior is affected both by genetic inheritance and by experience.
 The ways in which people develop are shaped by social experience and circumstances within the
context of their inherited genetic potential.
 Each person is born into a social and cultural settings like Family, community, social class,
language and religion.

The way a child thinks or behave is affected by the characteristics of a child’s social setting affect
how he or she learns to think and behave, by means of instruction, rewards and punishment, and
example. This setting include home, school, neighborhood, and also, perhaps, local religious and law
enforcement agencies. How individuals will respond to all these influences, or even which influence
will be the most potent, tends not to be predictable.
There is however, some substantial similarity in how individuals respond to the same
pattern influences- that is, to being raised in the same culture. Furthermore, culturally induced
behavior patterns, such as speech patterns, body language, and forms of humor. These become so
deeply embedded in the human mind that they often operate without the individuals themselves
being fully aware of them.
Behavior of Group
Human beings in addition to belonging to the social and cultural settings into which they are born,
voluntarily join groups based on shared occupations, beliefs, or interests ( such as unions, political parties, or clubs).
Membership in these groups influences how people think of themselves and how others think of them.
These groups impose expectations and rules that makes the behavior of members more predictable and
that enable each group to function smoothly and retain its identity. Affiliation with any social group, whether one
joins it voluntarily or is born into it, brings some advantages of large numbers.
The potential for pooling resources such as money or labour, concerted effort such as strikes, boycotts, or
voting, and identify and recognition such as organizations, emblems, or attention from the media. Within each
group, the members attitude, which often include an image of their group as being superior to others, help ensure
cohesion within the group but can also lead to serious conflict with their groups.
Attitudes towards other groups are likely to involve stereotyping- treating to all members of a group as
though they were the same perceiving in those people’s actual behavior only those qualities that fit the observer’s
preconceptions.
Social Change

Each new generation learns the society’s cultural forms and thus does not have to reinvent strategies for
producing food, handling conflict, educating young people, governing, and so forth.
It also learns aspirations for how society can be maintained and improved.

Societies, like species, evolve in directions that are opened or constrained in part by internal forces such as
technological developments or political traditions. The conditions of one generation limit and shape the range of
possibilities open to the next.

On the other hand, each new generation learns the society’s cultural forms and thus does not to reinvent
strategies for producing food, handling conflict, educating young people, governing, and so forth. Each new
generation must address unresolved problems from the generation before:
• Tension that may lead to war
• Wide-scale drug abuse
• Poverty
• Deprivation
• Racism
• A multitude of private and group grievances.
Grievances may be relieved enough to make people tolerate them, ot they may overflow into revolution
against the structure of the society itself.
 The size of the human population, its concentration in particular places, and its patter of growth are influenced
by the physical setting and by many aspects of culture:
• Economics
• Politics
• Technology
• History
• Religion
In response to economic concerns, national governments set very different policies- some to reduce
population growth, some to increase it.

In turn, social systems are influenced by population-its size, its rate of change, and its proportions of
people with different characteristics. Great increase in the size of a population requires greater job
specialization, new government responsibilities, new kinds of institutions, and the need to marshal a more
complex distribution of resources.

Social trade – offs

Choices among alternative benefits and costs are unavoidable for individuals or for groups. To gain
something we want or need, it is usually necessary to give up something we already have, or at least give up an
opportunity to have gained something else instead.
 Political and Economic System

• In the most of the worlds countries, national power and authority are allocated to various individuals and
groups through politics, usually by means of compromises between conflicting interests.
• Through politics, governments are elected or appointed, or , in some cases, created by armed force.
• Government have the power to make , interpret, and enforced the rules and decisions that determine how
countries are run. The rules that government make encompass a wide range of human affairs, including
 Commerce
 Education
 Marriage
 Medical care
 Employment
 Military service
 Religion
 Travel
 Scientific research
The exchange of ideas
• A national government or in some cases, a state or local government is usually given responsibility for
services that individuals or private organizations are believed not to be able to perform well themselves.
• Decisions about the responsibilities that national, state, and local governments should have are negotiated
among government officials, who are influenced by their constituencies and by centres of powers such as
corporations, the military, agricultural interests, and labour unions.
• The political and economic systems of nations differ in many ways, including
 The means of pricing goods and services
 The sources of capital for new ventures
 Government regulated limits on profits
 The collecting, spending, and controlling of money
 The relationships of managers and workers to each other and to government.

• The political system of a nation is closely intertwined with its economic system, referring to the economic activity
of an individuals and groups at very level.
 Social Conflict
• Human societies has always been adorned with conflict between individuals, groups and so on and all societies
have their own systems for regulating it.
• Conflict between people or groups often arises from completion for resources, power and status.
• Family members compete for attention, individuals compete for jobs and wealth.
• Nation compete for territory and prestige.
• Different interest groups compete for influence and the power to make rules.
• The competition is often not for resources but for ideas.
• Conflicts also add to the rise of new society which may be due to displacement of dispersion.

Technology and Human Society

• Technology plays an important role in human behavior further shapes human society.
• New technological invention has led to increasingly rapid and expensive communication and travel, which in
turn has led to the rapid spread of fashions and ideas in clothing, food, music, and forms of recreation.
• Technology influences and describe ways to dress, raise children, make money , find happiness, get
married, cook, and built relationships.
• Technology also implicitly promote values, aspirations, and priorities by the way they portray the behavior
of people.
• The revolution in the internet based technology have to some extent impacted the way of life and behavior
in the society.
• This has turned the world into a global village where information whether good or bad can now be shared
within seconds of time.
Rowena D. Amandra
BTTE-1