CAPSULES

EXERCISE II- SPECIAL PHARMACOLOGY

 CAPSULES
 The rigid forms of medications, either cylindrical
or in the form of capsules,
 Intended for oral use.
 Capsules contain precisely dosed medicinal
substances such as powders, oils, and solutions.
WHEN WE CHOOSE CAPSULES?
 When we want to modify a property of the
medication that is unpleasant for patients (such as
an unpleasant smell or taste),
 To avoid the harmful effects of the medication on
teeth, oral cavity, and stomach
 and when it is necessary for the medication to
reach certain parts of the gastrointestinal tract
unchanged
 RULES:

Capsules are prescribed exclusively for adults because children

have difficulty swallowing them. They are prescribed either as
ready-made or officinal medicinal preparations!

READY-MADE PREPARATIONS!
WE USE BNF!
TYPES:
 CAPSULAE GELATINOSAE ( soft capsules)
Round capsules are filled with medicinal powders or liquid
medications with an unpleasant smell or taste, or medications that
could potentially irritate the mucous membrane. They are made of
gelatin. Their breakdown begins in the stomach and they completely
dissolve in the small intestine
CAPSULAE GELATINOSAE OPERCULATAE

 Gelatin capsules with a cap are cylindrical in

shape and consist of two parts (body and
cap) that fit onto each other. They are filled
with medications in the form of powder,
antibiotics, for instance. They completely
dissolve in the small intestine.
CAPSULAE GELODURATAE
 These capsules are made from gelatin and
processed with formaldehyde.
 This type of capsules are resistant to gastric
juice and degrades under the action of
pancreatic and intestinal enzymes.
 They are filled with medications that can
damage the stomach lining
EXAMPLES:
Rp.
Lentonitrat 50, capsulae
Occlusionem praeformatam NI (unam)
D.S. Popiti po jednu kapsulu u osam i u
četrnaest časova

Rp.
Pentrexyl, capsulae 0,5
Occlusionem praeformatam NI (unam)
D.S. Na šest sati po jedna kapsula
EXAMPLES:
Rp.
Ricini olei 2,0
Da tales doses ad capsulas NV (quinque)
S. Popiti sa vodom svih pet kapsula, jednu za
drugom

Rp.
Chloramphenicoli capsullarum 0,25
Da tales doses NC (centum)
S. Na svakih šest sati piti po dvije kapsule
TASKS:
 1. Prescribe Ampicillin capsules!
 2. Prescribe Paracetamol tablets!
 3. Prescribe Clindamycin capsules
(indication:moderate diabetic foot infection)
 4. Prescribe Galantamine capsules! ( indication:
mild to moderately severe dementia in
Alzheimer’s disease)