ARTICLES

&
PREFERENCES

Ilman Luthfi Hilmi

Muhlis
Suci Maulidiyah
Wahyu Meganiar Bella
Articles

 An article is a word that is used with a noun to

indicate the type of reference being made by
the noun.
 There are two types of articles which can be
put in front of a noun: Definite and Indefinite
Definite Article
(THE)
 The is used when the noun cannot be counted.
Examples:
“The coffee I had this morning was too sweet.”

 To refer to something which has already been mentioned.

Example:
“An elephant and a mouse fell in love. The mouse loved
the elephant's long trunk, and the elephant loved the mouse's
tiny nose.”

 To refer to objects we regard as unique:

Example:
“The sun, the moon, the world”
 In sentences or clauses where we define a particular person or
object.
Example:
“The man who wrote this book is famous.”
“My house is the one with a blue door.”

 Before superlatives and ordinal numbers:

Example:
“The highest building, the first page, the last chapter.”

 With decades, or groups of years:

Example:
“She grew up in the seventies.”
Definite Article Exceptions

With names of countries (if With the names of languages:

singular):  French is spoken in Tahiti.
 Germany is an important  English uses many words
economic power. of Latin origin.
 He's just returned from  Indonesian is a relatively
Zimbabwe new language.

With professions: With the names of meals:

 Engineering is a useful  Lunch is at midday.
 Dinner is in the evening.
career.
 He'll probably go into  Breakfast is the first meal

medicine. of the day.

With titles and names:
 Prince Charles is Queen
Elizabeth's son.
 President Kennedy was
assassinated in Dallas.
 Dr. Watson was Sherlock
Holmes' friend.
With people's names (if
singular):
 John's coming to the party.
 George King is my uncle.
With uncountable nouns:
 Rice is the main food in
Asia.
 Milk is often added to
tea in England.
 War is destructive.
With years:
 1948 was a wonderful
year.
 Do you remember 1995?
Indefinite Article
(A, AN)
 The use of “a” and “an” indicates that the noun modified is indefinite. They
are used when the noun modified is singular and general.

 A and an are used when the noun can be counted.

Example:
“A vehicle, an apple.”

 When the article and the noun are separated by an adjective.

Example:
“An English student, a wrong address.”

 When a pronoun replaces the noun in a sentence, the a/an or the is no

longer needed.
Example:
“The cat came running, or it came running.”
 To refer to something for the first time.
Example:
“An elephant and a mouse fell in love.”

 To refer to a particular member of a group or class: such as the names of jobs,

nationalities, religions, musical instruments and days of the week.
Examples:
“John is a doctor.”
“John is an Englishman.”
“I was born on a Thursday.”

 With singular nouns, after the words 'what' and 'such‘.

Examples:
“What a shame!”
“She's such a beautiful girl.”
PREFERENCE

 Prefer
Rumus:
S + prefer + to Infinitive
S + prefer + Noun + to / instead of + Noun
S + prefer + V-ing + to / instead of + V-ing.

Example:
“I prefer to stay at home tonight.”
“I prefer coffee to tea.”
“I prefer walking instead of riding motorcylce.”
 Would Rather
Rumus:
S + would rather + Noun + than + Noun
S + would rather + Infinitive + than + Infinitive

Example:
“I‘d rather run than go jogging.”
“I would rather hurt my self than to ever make
you cry.”
 Would Prefer
Rumus:
S + would prefer + Noun + rather than + Noun
S + would prefer + to + V1 + rather than + V1

Example:
“I would prefer running rather than sleeping.”
“I would prefer apartment rather than home.”
 Like
Rumus:
S + Like + Noun + better than + Noun
S + Like + V-ing + better than + V-ing

Example:
“I like car better than bus.”
“I like watching a movie better than listening to
a music.”