Chapter 2

NORMAL
DISTRIBUTIO
N

Lesson 1
The Normal
Distribution
Normal Distribution

Gaussian Curve
(Johann Friedrich
Carl Gauss(1777))
 Normal Distribution
One of the most commonly observed
random variables which has a bell-
shaped probability distribution

- a.k.a. normal random - widely used

variable and its distribution in inferential
probability distribution statistics
 Normal Curve
Bell-shaped curve which shows the Represents a
probability distribution of a normal
continuous random variable distribution

The parameters involved Total area = sum of all

are mean () and standard P(x) for a random variable
deviation () =1
 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution
1. The curve of a normal distribution is bell-shaped.
2. The center of a normal distribution is at the mean μ.
3. The mean, median, and mode are equal.
4. The curve is symmetric about a vertical line drawn through the mean or the center.
5. The tails extend to infinity in both directions along the x-axis. The curve is asymptotic
along the base line.
6. The standard deviation, σ, determines how wide or narrow the curve is.
7. The total area under the curve is equal to 1. Represents the probability or proportion or
percentage associated with the variable.
 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

1. The curve of a normal distribution is bell-shaped.

 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

2. The center of a normal distribution is at the mean μ.

 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

3. The mean, median, and mode are equal.

 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

4. The curve is symmetric about a vertical line drawn

through the mean or the center.
 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

5. The tails extend to infinity in both directions along

the x-axis. The curve is asymptotic along the base line.
 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

6. The standard deviation, σ, determines how wide or

narrow the curve is.
 Properties of Normal Probability
Distribution

7. The total area under the curve of a normal

distribution equals 1.
 Standard Normal Curve

Normal Curve which has a mean = 0 and standard

deviation = 1
Standard Normal Curve
 The Empirical Rule

•About 68% of the values lie between .

•About 95% of the values lie between .
•About 99.7% of the values lie between .
The empirical rule is also known as
the 68−95−99.7 rule.
Example

Suppose the mean of a normal distribution is

6 and the standard deviation is 5. Sketch a
normal curve for the distribution.
Example

Suppose the mean of a normal distribution is

6 and the standard deviation is 5. Sketch a
normal curve for the distribution.
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