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Assignment 1
Applications of Vector Spaces in Qubits
It is clear from the above description of qubits, that vector spaces are
ingrained in the analysis of qubits. Here, |0i and |1i form the basis for state
sapce of a quantum system. In general, the quantum state can be described
in terms of any orthogonal basis (say, {|xi , |yi}). The basis {|0i , |1i}, is
called the computational basis and its elements are represented by the fol-
lowing vectors.
1
0 1
|0i = |1i =
1 0
Since, vector spaces are a part of linear algebra, the applications of vec-
tor spaces bring with them all the tools linear algebra has for the analysis
of qubits. One such application is in the analysis of quantum circuits. In
this document, we will particularly look at the NOT Gate, also called the
Pauli-X Gate.
These significance of the Pauli matrices is that they are Unitary and Her-
mitian and form the basis of all 2×2 matrices with complex elements. Thus,
any linear operator that acts on qubits can be written as a linear combina-
tion of the Pauli Matrices. Thus, is is possible to implement all the basic
gates used in boolean algebra for use in quantum systems as well. This is
because they can be represented as linear transformations. And, these linear
transformations can further be made into a matrix which makes the analysis
of such gates easier.