Operations Scheduling &

Sequencing-II
Session 14
Priority Rules for Job Sequencing

22-2
Exhibit 22.3
Example : n Jobs on One Machine
Example FCFS Rule

22-4
Example : SOT Rule

22-5
Example : EDD

22-6
Example : LCFS Schedule
Example: Random Schedule
Example : STR Rule
Critical Ratio (CR)
• An index number found by dividing the time
remaining until the due date by the work time
remaining on the job
• Jobs with low critical ratios are scheduled
ahead of jobs with higher critical ratios
• Performs well on average job lateness
criteria

Time remaining Due date - Today’s date

CR = =
Workdays remaining Work (lead) time remaining
Critical Ratio Example
Currently Day 25

Due Workdays Priority

Job Date Remaining Critical Ratio Order

A 30 4 (30 - 25)/4 = 1.25 3

B 28 5 (28 - 25)/5 = .60 1

C 27 2 (27 - 25)/2 = 1.00 2

With CR < 1, Job B is late. Job C is just on schedule and Job A has some slack time.
Loading Jobs
• Assign jobs so that costs, idle time, or
completion time are minimized
• Two forms of loading
• Capacity oriented
• Assigning specific jobs to work centers
Sequencing N Jobs on Two
Machines: Johnson’s Rule

• Works with two or more jobs that pass

through the same two machines or
work centers
• Minimizes total production time and
idle time
 Johnson's rule is a method of scheduling jobs in two
work centers. Its primary objective is to find an
optimal sequence of jobs to reduce makespan (the
total amount of time it takes to complete all jobs).

 It also reduces the amount of idle time between

the two work centers. The method minimizes the
make span in the case of two work centers.
Furthermore, the method finds the shortest
makespan in the case of three work centers if
additional constrains are met
Scheduling n Jobs on Two Machines
• Two or more jobs must be processed on two machines in a common
sequence
• Wish to minimize the flow time from the beginning of the first job to
the finish of the last job
• Use Johnson’s rule
1. List the operation time for each job
2. Select the shortest operation time
3. If the shortest time is on the first machine, do first
• If the shortest time is on the second machine, do the job last
• For ties, do first
4. Repeat steps 2-3 for each remaining job
Johnson’s Rule Example
Work Center 1 Work Center 2
Job (Drill Press) (Lathe)
A 5 2
B 3 6
C 8 4
D 10 7
E 7 12
 Johnson’s Rule

JOB PROCESS 1 PROCESS 2

A 6 8
B 11 6
C 7 3
D 9 7
E 5 10
 Johnson’s Rule

JOB PROCESS 1 PROCESS 2

A 6 8
B 11 6
C 7 3
D 9 7
E 5 10

E A D B C
 Johnson’s Rule
E A D B C

E A D B C Process 1
(sanding)
5 11 20 31 38
Idle time

E A D B C Process 2
(painting)
5 15 23 30 37 41

Completion time = 41
Idle time = 5+1+1+3=10
Exercise