S. J. P. N.

TRUST’S
HIRASUGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NIDASOSHI
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Permanently Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi
Recognized under 2(f) &12B of UGC Act, 1956
Accredited at ‘A’ Grade by NAAC & Programmes Accredited by NBA:CSE & ECE

Mechanical Engineering Department

Technical Seminar Presentation
On
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A HYBRID
PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR DRYING SYSTEM

26th April 2024

Presented By
Akash Patil
2HN20ME001
Guide
Prof.D.N.Inamdar
 Table of Contents

 Introduction
 Literature Survey
 Objectives
 Experimental Analysis
 Results and Discussions
 Conclusions
 Future scope
 References
 INTRODUCTION
 Renewable energy-based systems have gained great significance, especially in last two
decades, for supplying energy demand and also preventing negative environmental
effects of conventional energy conversion systems.
 Solar energy as a renewable energy resource is extensively utilized in different
applications because of its advantages like their simple structure, low carbon footprint
and low maintenance cost.
 Photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) systems are widely-preferred solar energy-based systems
which make it possible to simultaneous generation of thermal and electrical energies.
 Open sun drying method is one of the oldest drying methods to preserve agricultural
products. However, open sun drying approach has some negative impacts on product’s
quality like contamination risk due to the long drying period.
 Consequently, utilization of solar energy in drying processes provides an effective
solution in terms of both energy saving and obtaining hygienic end product.
 LITERATURE SURVEY

SL. Author Review

NO.
1 Khadraoui et al. Empirically surveyed the nocturnal usage behaviour of a solar dryer with and without
latent heat storage system. Main purposes of the research are storing thermal energy
during the day and using the stored energy at night .

2 Ziaforoughi and Esfahani Fabricated and surveyed a solar-assisted infrared drying system powered with a
photovoltaic (PV) panel for determining the crucial performance parameters of the dryer.
According to their results, a decrement about 70 % was observed in intended electrical
energy by using the PV panel.

3 Veeramanipriya and Analyzed the performance of a hybrid-type solar drying system employed for cassava
Umayal Sundari drying. They investigated physical and structural properties of the specific dried product
by the developed solar dryer and compared with open sun drying method.

4 Elsafi and Gandhidasan Conducted a comparative investigation between a compound parabolic concentrated PVT
and a conventional double-pass PVT. They analyzed the influence of the different design
parameters and operational conditions like flow rate and packaging factor on electrical
and thermal yields of PVT systems with and without turbulators .
 OBJECTIVES

 To help local farmers to get high profit in the drying of crops by designing a solar
photovoltaic/thermal fruit dryer.
 For Preserving of fruits, vegetables, and food and to keep them for a long time without
further deterioration in the quality of the product.
 By integrating solar collector and dryer to remove moisture content of product without
compromising on its nutrition value.
 To design and develop the solar flat plate collector with corrugated fin configuration.
 To analyze thermal behaviors of collector, air temperature and efficiencies for given
flow velocity, mass flow rate of air, effectiveness of fins.
 To conduct experiment on the Pulses to study its drying rate.
 EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

 In this study, different parameters have been measured and used for evaluating
the developed PVT-assisted dryer.
 In this context, temperature measurements have been taken from different
locations.
 Temperature measurements have been recorded at 5-second intervals. Other
metrics including radiation, sample mass, air velocity, current an voltage have
been measured and recorded at 20-minute intervals.
 A conventional oven was used to find the initial moisture content of the dried
product, and the initial moisture content value was specified as 8.19 ± 0.14 g
water/g dry matter.
 The drying experiments were terminated when the mass difference between
the two measurements was less than 1 %
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 THEORETICAL ANALYSIS
Energy-based analysis of PVT system
Energy balance expressions can be given for a PVT system as
 ∑E ̇in − ∑E ̇loss = ∑E ̇ex
 E ̇ma,in + E ̇sun = ∑E ̇loss + E ̇elc + E ̇ma,ex
 E ̇sun = G ̇ eff = ταG ̇

ANALYZING DRYING PARAMETERS

The moisture content on dry basis could be found as follow :
MCdb = mi – mf/mf
Moisture ratio can be achieved by utilizing:
MR = (M – Me)/(M0 – Me)
Drying rate, denoted as “DR” is expressed as changing in the amount of moisture content of the
products in the period of time (between at times “t + Δt” and “t”).
DR = (MCt+Δt – MCt)/Δt
 ADVANTAGES
 Environment Friendly
 No noise and no moving parts
 No emissions
 Minimal maintenance requirements
 It does not uses fuel and water

DISADVANTAGES
 It cannot operate without light
 Large area needed for large scale applications
APPLICATIONS
 Agriculture crop drying
 Fruit and food processing
 Dairy industries
 Textile industries
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CFD SIMULATION RESULTS
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN PVT TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN PVT
 CONCLUSION
 According to the numerical results, it was observed that the combined usage of
grooved absorber, spherical obstacles and baffles in the PVT system significantly
improved the thermal performance.
 It was found that the RNG k-epsilon turbulence model has the closest values to
the experimental results of the developed PVT collector.
 Average exergy efficiency of the drying unit in the experiments performed at
high and low air flow rates was calculated as approx 68.31 % and 59.16 %,
respectively.
 Payback period of the drying system was attained as 2.98 and 3.51 years,
respectively in the experiments performed at low and high flow rates.
 FUTURE OUTCOMES
 Increased adoption: As the technology becomes more affordable and accessible, it is likely
that more people will adopt hybrid photovoltaic solar dryers for their drying needs. This could
lead to significant energy savings and improved product quality in areas where traditional
drying methods are used.

 Improved efficiency: Ongoing research and development may lead to improvements in the
efficiency of hybrid photovoltaic solar dryers, making them even more cost-effective and
sustainable.

 New applications: Hybrid photovoltaic solar dryers may be used for drying a wider range of
products in the future. For example, they could be used for drying textiles, wood, and other
materials.

 Increased sustainability: The use of hybrid photovoltaic solar dryers is expected to

contribute to sustainability goals by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on
fossil fuels.
 REFERENCES
 A. Lingayat, R. Balijepalli, V.P. Chandramohan, Applications of solar energy
based drying technologies in various industries–A review, Solar Energy 229
(2021) 52–68.
 K. Sezen, A.D. Tuncer, A.O. Akyuz, A. Gungor, Effects of ambient conditions on
solar assisted heat pump systems: A review, Science of The Total
Environment778 (2021) 146362.
 A. Fudholi, K. Sopian, A review of solar air flat plate collector for drying
application, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 102 (2019) 333–345.
 E. Çiftçi, A. Khanlari, A. Sozen, ̈ ̇I. Aytaç, A.D. Tuncer, Energy and exergy
analysis of aphotovoltaic thermal (PVT) system used in solar dryer: A numerical
and experimental investigation, Renewable Energy 180 (2021) 410–423.