Read the following sentences and choose a number that

best fit the category.

FORMAL
1. My essay will make it clear that the use of marijuana as
a medicinal drug is not
good.
2. The present paper will clarify that the use of marijuana
as a medicinal drug
proves to be unorthodox.
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
FORMAL
1. My essay will make it clear that the use of marijuana as
a medicinal drug is not
good.
2. The present paper will clarify that the use of marijuana
as a medicinal drug
proves to be unorthodox.
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
IMPERSONAL
1. The researchers found out the leading
factor of students’ absenteeism.
2. My classmates and I found out the
leading factor of students’ absenteeism
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
IMPERSONAL
1. The researchers found out the leading
factor of students’ absenteeism.
2. My classmates and I found out the
leading factor of students’ absenteeism
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
PRECISE
1.Approximately 75% of the group
agreed to join the rally.
2. Around half of the group agreed to join
the rally
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
PRECISE
1.Approximately 75% of the group
agreed to join the rally.
2. Around half of the group agreed to join
the rally
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
OBJECTIVE
1.In my opinion, the method involved to obtain
the needed information was
frustrating.
2.The method involved to obtain the needed
information proved to be challenging.
Read the following sentences and choose a number that
best fit the category.
OBJECTIVE
1.In my opinion, the method involved to obtain
the needed information was
frustrating.
2.The method involved to obtain the needed
information proved to be challenging.
Identify whether each passage can
be an academic text
or non-academic text. Say AT for
academic text and NAT for non-
academic text.
1. Just as the sun rises and peeps from
the east, and as the roosters
of the neighborhood crow, the man
gathered his be longings and
left his house.
NAT
 2. When synthesizing
information, a new
understanding about a topic
is developed by using
information from more than one
source. AT
3. Depression is one of society’s
prevailing issues that requires
attention. One’s mental health is
as important as one’s physical
health.
AT
 4. I want to obtain answers to the
questions that are swarming in my
mind. But, it seems everything in
life is just a cycle of questions with
no answers in sight.
NAT
5. He saw the pure crystal water
turned crimson red as the
monster devoured the victim. He
cried for help but it was too late.
NAT
6. Statistics show that the higher
percentage of the population
prefer
dogs over cats.
AT
7. Yesterday was a beautiful day. It was
warm enough to feel
comfortable in shorts. A nice breeze
made the air feel fresh. The
flowers vibrated with color. It felt good
to be alive.
NAT
Nature and Characteristics of an Academic Text
An academic text is a reading material that
provides information which
include concepts and theories that are related to the
specific discipline.
The following are considered as academic texts:
Research Paper, Conference Paper, Feasibility
Study, Thesis/Dissertation, Reviews, Essay,
Academic Journals, Reports.
 Structure
Unlike fiction or journalistic writing, the
overall structure of an academic text
is formal and logical (Introduction, Body,
Conclusion). It must be cohesive (united and
working together) and
possess a logically organized flow of ideas;
this means that various parts are
connected to form a unified whole
 Tone
The overall tone refers to the attitude conveyed in a
piece of writing. The
arguments of others are fairly presented and with an
appropriate narrative tone.
When presenting a position or argument that disagrees
with one’s perspectives,
describe the argument accurately without loaded or
biased language.
 Language
It is important to use unambiguous (not open to more
than one interpretation) language.
Formal language and the
third person point-of view should be used. Technical
language appropriate to the
area of study may also be used, however it does not
mean using “big words” just
for the sake of doing so.
 Citation
Citing sources in the body of the paper and providing
a list of references as
either footnotes or endnotes is a very important aspect
of an academic text. It is
essential to always acknowledge the source of any
ideas, research findings, data,
or quoted text that have been used in a paper as a
defense against allegations of
plagiarism.
 Complexity
(complicated)
An academic text addresses
complex issues that require higher-
order thinking skills to comprehend.
 Evidence-based Arguments
What is valued in an academic text is
that opinions are based on a sound
understanding of the pertinent body of
knowledge and academic debates that
exist within, and often external to a
specific discipline.
 Thesis-driven
(to make an argument or prove a point)
The starting point of an academic text is a
particular perspective, idea or
position applied to the chosen research
problem, such as establishing, proving,
or disproving solutions to the questions
posed for the topic.
Academic Language refers to the oral, written,
auditory, and visual
language proficiency required to learn
effectively in schools and academic
programs. It is also the language used in
classroom lessons, books, tests, and
assignments. It is the language that students are
expected to learn and achieve
fluency in.
 Why is academic language so
important?
- Students who master academic
language are more likely to be
successful in academic and
professional settings
What is difference between academic language and
social language?
Social language is the simple, informal language we
use when talking face to face with family members
and friends. It allows us to use contemporary or slang
terms like “cool,” “awesome,” or “dude.” We can also
communicate feelings,
needs, and wants using symbolic hand gestures for
drink, eat, hot, cold, hurt, or tired. Social language
also includes writing emails, friendly letters, and texts
or retelling stories.
Academic language is different from everyday social
language. It is the
vocabulary students or adults must learn to succeed in
the classroom or in the workplace. We use academic
language to describe and comprehend complex
ideas, process higher-order thinking, and understand
abstract concepts. Academic language is what
students read in textbooks and on tests and what
they hear during instruction in the classroom.
Characteristics of
Academic
Language
FORMAL
It should not be conversational and casual.
Avoid colloquial
and idiomatic expressions, slang, and
contractions.
X dig in
X cup of tea
X dude
X don’t
IMPERSONAL
Do not refer to yourself as the performer of actions.
Do not use personal pronouns.

For example:
“It is commonly said that”… instead of “Many of my
friends
and colleagues say that…”
“Research revealed that…” instead of “I discovered
that”
PRECISE
The facts are presented accurately. The choice of
words are appropriate. The use of technical terms to
achieve
precision is applied.

For example:
“85% of the population”, “The results are okay
(satisfactory).”, asphyxiation (medical term)
OBJECTIVE It is unbiased, based on facts
and is not influenced by personal feelings.

For example:
“The essay on… is distressing.” instead of
“I do not like the
essay”