LIMESTONE
Limestone is a sedimentary rock such as
greater than 50% calcium carbonate ( calcite –
CaCO3).
There are many exceptional kinds of limestone
that may be precipitated from water ( non-clastic,
chemical or inorganic limestone), secreted by using marine
organisms including algae and coral
(biochemical limestone), or can shape from the
shells of lifeless sea creatures (bioclastic
limestone).
Some limestones form from the cementation of sand
and / or mud by way of calcite ( clastic limestone), and
these often have the appearance of sandstone or
mudstone. As calcite is the precept mineral thing of
limestone
Colour: It can be yellow, white, or gray
Chemical Composition: Calcite
Texture – Clastic or Non-Clastic
Grain size – Variable, can consist of clasts of all sizes.
Hardness – Generally hard.
Clasts – if clastic / bioclastic then grains and / or broken or whole
shell fragments visible; if non-clastic / chemical then crystalline
and no clasts visible.
Major minerals: Calcite, Dolomite
Limestone Formation
Calcite, dolomite and aragonite
are limestone minerals so where
did they came from
It is a sedimentary rock. It forms
predominantly on the sea floor
where material rich in calcium
carbonate (‘calcareous’ material)
accumulates. This calcareous
material may be organic,
chemical or detrital in origin.
Limestone Characteristics and Properties
Stalactites and stalagmites in caves are leftover limestone that remains
after water evaporates.
It is used in construction like being added to paint as a thickening agent.
When roofing styles have texture, it is normally because of crushed
limestone being added to the roofing tar.
Animals can largely benefit from having limestone in their diet so it is
often added to their feed.
It can most abundantly be found in the shallow ends of marine water.
Chalk is a type of limestone that contains mostly shells from marine
animals.
Because limestone contains the remains of dead organisms, it is
considered an organic sedimentary rock.
Powered limestone is used in coal mines as a safety precaution because
it absorbs pollutants.
It can also be used on roofs to prevent or reduce weather or heat related
roof damage.
Limestone Uses
It is the raw material for the manufacture of quicklime (calcium
oxide), slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), cement and mortar.
Pulverized limestone is used as a soil conditioner to neutralize
acidic soils (agricultural lime).
It is to be used as aggregate—the strong base for many roads as
well as in asphalt concrete.
Limestone Uses
Geological formations of limestone are most of the great petroleum
reservoirs; As a reagent in flue-gasoline desulfurization, it reacts
with sulfur dioxide for air pollution manipulate.
Glass making, in some occasions, makes use of limestone. It is
added to paper, plastics, paint, tiles, and other substances as each
white pigment and a reasonably-priced filler.
It can suppress methane explosions in underground coal mines.
Purified, it is delivered to bread and cereals as a supply of calcium.
Calcium levels in cattle feed are supplemented with it, together
with for chicken (when ground up).
It is used in blast furnaces, limestone binds with silica and different
impurities to remove them from the iron.
It is often located in medicines and cosmetics.
It is utilized in sculptures because of its suitability for carving.
Type of Limestone
Bituminous limestone
Carboniferous Limestone
Coquina – A sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of fragments of shells
Coral rag
Chalk – A soft, white, porous sedimentary rock made of calcium carbonate
Fossiliferous limestone
Lithographic limestone
Oolite – Sedimentary rock formed from ooids
Rag-stone – Work done with stones that are quarried in thin pieces
Shelly limestone
Travertine – A form of limestone deposited by mineral springs
Tufa – Porous limestone rock formed when carbonate minerals
precipitate out of ambient temperature water
Question
Write the description of Shale:
-Definition
-Types
-Formation and Texture
-Chemical weathering
Characteristics and Properties
Uses
