Limestone; sedimentary rock; composed of mineral (Clacite) CaCO3.

Limestone often contains magnesium carbonate, either as dolomite

CaMg(CO3)2 or magnesite (MgCO3) mixed with calcite. : 'dolomitic' or
'magnesian' limestone.
Limestone-> metamorphism: become coarsely crystalline and are
referred to as 'marble' and 'crystalline limestone'.
Calcite (56% CaO, 44% CO2): found in igneous, sedimentary and
metamorphic rocks.
Other common varieties : 'marl‘ (a lime rich mud contains variable
amounts of clays and silt), 'oolite' (oolitic limestone), Chalk, Coral,
Shells, Stalactites, Stalagmites
Limestone Calcite Chalk
 Calcite is a rock forming mineral :
'CalcSpar‘, crystallised transparent variety
; known as 'Iceland Spar‘
Formation: igneous rock-> weathering action -> Ca
dissolved as CaCO3 by action of carbonic acid->
carried away -> Deposited due to low solubility->
Metamorphic transformation ->Sedimentary rock

Stalactites, Stalagmites

Marble
RESOURCES: Limestone: 2,03,224 million tonnes,
Calcite: 23 million tonnes: # Limestone: Karnataka ~27% ,
Andhra Pradesh & Rajasthan (12% each), Gujarat (10%),
Meghalaya (9%), Telangana (8%) and Chhattisgarh & Madhya
Pradesh (5% each). # Calcite: Rajasthan (53%) , Andhra
Pradesh (40%) and Madhya Pradesh (5%).
Rajasthan
Calcite
USES: The principal use (95%) of limestone is in the Cement
(Limestone + Clay -> (C3S + C2S + C3A) => cementing phases).
# Glass: Soda-Lime-Silica glass (CaO~8-15%)
Blast furnaces: limestone flux.
#Quicklime (CaO), #Slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) and #Mortar. #Soil
conditioner to neutralize acidic soils
•Calcite: Mainly Glass and Glaze.,
•Transparent crystal of calcite (Iceland Spar)free from flaw is most
valued in the Optical Industry for the manufacture of Nicol prism.

#Sculptures because of its suitability for carving.

#Toothpaste, paper, plastic, paint, tiles and other materials as both
white pigment and cheap filler. #for Calcium carbide, Bleaching
powder, #Metallic calcium (reducing organic compounds, de-
sulphurising petroleum, de-bismuthising lead, calcium-silicon alloys,
calcium hydride ),
Structure: The structure can be derived from NaCl structure (Cubic):
Deformed along c-axis, forming Trigonal, Na+ ions are equivalent to
Ca+2 ions, while those of Cl-2 are equivalent to CO3-2. Ca-ions are in the
octahedral co-ordination of oxygen belonging to the apexes of
triangular (CO)-2 anion.
Action of Heat: Decomposes: 830-860 C
Thermal analysis (TG-DTA) curves of the limestone: Small
Endothermic peak at 585 is due to the decomposition of
small MaCO3 impurity.
838: decomposition of CaCO3
Pure calcite TG-DSC: