8LSLn1A1lCn 8?

uAvlu uA8kC
(MSC AnAL?1lCAL CPLMlS18?)
1CIC
1nL USL CI 8CkCN IN 1nL
1kLA1MLN1 CI CANCLk(8NC1)
8NC1! What |s |t?
lL ls an acronym for 8oron Nuetron
Capture 1herapy
lL ls a Lype of cancer LreaLmenL
whlch lnvolves a sLable boron aLom ls
made Lo under go fuslon radloacLlvlLy
Lo produce radlaLlons whlch kllls or
desLroys cancerous cells
lL has been employed Lo LreaL head
and neck cancers of all sLages
8nC1 has been experlmenLally LesLed
prlmarlly as an alLernaLlve LreaLmenL for
mallgnanL braln Lumors called
glloblasLoma mulLlforme as well as
recurrenL locally advanced head and
neck cancer
kA1ICNALL CI NLU1kCN CA1UkL 1nLkA
our years afLer Lhe dlscovery of neuLrons ln 1932 by !
Chadwlck of Cambrldge unlverslLy a blophyslclsL CL
Locher of Lhe ranklln lnsLlLuLe aL ennsylvanla
lnLroduced Lhe concepL of neuLron CapLure 1herapy
(nC1)
1he physlcal prlnclple of nC1 ls slmple and eleganL lL ls
a Lwo componenL or blnary sysLem based on Lhe
nuclear reacLlon LhaL occurs when Lhe sLable lsoLope
10
8 ls lrradlaLed wlLh low energy or Lhermal neuLrons
Lo yleld hlghly energeLlc hellum4 (
4
Pe) nuclel
(lealpha parLlcles) and recolllng LlLhlum7 (
7
Ll) lons
lgure 1 lllusLraLes Lhe sequence of nuclear evenLs
I|gure 1 Schemat|c of 8oron10
Neutron Interact|on
1nL 8NC1 kCCLSS
An eplLhermal beam of neuLrons ls
dlrecLed Lowards a paLlenLs head or slLe
of Lumour durlng Lhelr passage Lhrough
Llssue Lhese neuLrons rapldly lose energy
by elasLlc scaLLerlng (a process called
LhermallzaLlon) unLll Lhey end up as
Lhermal neuLrons
1nL 8NC1 kCCLSS CCN1"D
1he boron compounds have
speclal properLles 1hey do noL
easlly enLer healLhy braln cells
because of Lhe bloodbraln barrler
phenomenonbuL easlly enLer
Lumor cells
1nL 8NC1 kCCLSS CCN1"D
1he Lhermal neuLrons Lhus formed are
capLured by Lhe
10
8 aLoms whlch become
11
8
aLoms ln Lhe exclLed sLaLe for a very shorL Llme
( 10
12
seconds) 1he
11
8 aLoms Lhen flsslons
produclng alpha parLlcles
7
Ll recoll nuclel and
ln 94 of Lhe reacLlons gamma rays 1umor
cells are kllled selecLlvely by Lhe energeLlc
alpha parLlcles and
7
Ll flsslon producLs
1nL 8NC1 kCCLSS CCN1"D
10
3
8 +
1
0
n
11
3
8 (lnLermedlaLe producL)
11
3
8
7
3
Ll +
4
2
Pe + r
1nL 8NC1 kCCLSS CCN1"D
Jhy 8oron?
8oron10 ls used as Lhe radloacLlve subsLance ln 8nC1
because
lL ls non radloacLlve and readlly avallable
lL does noL accumulaLe ln Lhe Llssue
boLh
3
Ll
7
and
2
Pe
4
parLlcles have hlgh LL1 buL a very
shorL range (le abouL one cellular dlameLer) and cause
slgnlflcanL damage Lo Lhe Lumor cell ln whlch lL ls
conLalned buL llLLle or no damage Lo healLhy cells
Lhe well undersLood chemlsLry of boron allows lL Lo be
readlly lncorporaLed lnLo a mulLlLude of dlfferenL chemlcal
sLrucLures
12
low LoxlclLy
8oron carr|ers for 8NC1
8oron carrlers lnclude boronphenylalanlne
sodlum borocapLaLe (na
2
8
12
P
11
SP) or 8SP
A new generaLlon of boron carrlers for use ln
8nC1 conslsLs of blopolymers conLalnlng one
or more carboranyl unlLs 1hese are modlfled
proLelns ollgophosphaLes and nuclelc aclds
Such molecules accumulaLe ln cells whlch
become bullL lnLo unA (nucleosldes) and
undergo accumulaLlon ln cell nuclel
(ollgonucleoLldes) lmporLanLly Lhey are
poLenLlally speclflc and can be deslgned Lo flL"
cerLaln cellular Lypes of unA and 8nA
8oron carr|ers for 8NC1
Structure of S8n Structure of boronpheny|a|an|ne
8LL8LnCLS
1hLLp//wwwpharmalnfoneL/revlews/boronneuLron
capLureLherapyovervlew
2hLLp//www[aeago[p/[aerl/engllsh/press/980708/ref0
7hLml
3 8arLh 8 Soloway A PCoodman ! P Cahbauer
8 A CupLa n 8lue 1 L ?ang J 1[arks
J neurosurg 1999 pgs 44 433 431
4Locher CL 8lologlcal effecLs and LherapeuLlc
posslblllLles of neuLrons Am ! 8oenLgenol 8adlum
1her 1936 36 113
3hLLp//wwwsupersLockcom/sLockphoLos
lmages/410220299
6wwwocoJemlopoopl/pJfeo/cbooqes_stt20J6
J7_olejolczokpJf