DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL
Flashcard On
Homologous And Analogous Organs
By Sai Swarup Mohanty
Roll No.
Under the guidance of:
Kiran Kumar Satapathy
Mrs. Nibedita Pati Roll No.
PGT, Biology Prasad Anupam
DAV Public School, Pradhan
Roll No. Dani
Bodhidev
Chandrasekharpur
Roll No.
Ankith Sahoo
Roll No.
Thorn V/S Tendril
Both the thorn and tendrils are modifications of axillary bud.
They have common origin but are modified to different
structures on modifications with different functions.
Thus they are homologous.
Homology In Forelimb Structure
The limbs of many
organisms like human,
whale and bat have
same structural
components.
The shapes of bone is
different and function is
also different.
Due to structural
similarity and functional
difference, they are
homologous.
Analogy in
Wing
The wings of bats and
butterfly are different in
structure.
They are important for flying.
Due to different structure but
same function, they are
analogous
ANALOGOUS
ORGANS
Potato and sweet potato have
different origins but they have
the same functions.
They both are used for
storage of food materials
(starch)
Potato is originated from stem
but sweet potato originated
from roots.
ANALOGOUS
ORGANS
The eyes of Octopus and Humans
shows analogy between them.
The basic structure of eye and
their origins are different.
Their function is same which is to
see
HOMOLOGOUS ORGANS
• The mouthparts of insects like butterfly, honeybees show
homology
• The basic structure of the mouth is very similar and have a
common origin but perform different functions
• The mouth of butterfly is used for sucking whereas the
mouth of bee is used for
Homologous Organs
Not all homologies are obvious For example, the chomping front teeth of a
beaver look quite different than the tusks of an elephant
The beaver uses its teeth for chewing through tree trunks, and the elephant
uses its tusks for a number of tasks including digging, peeling bark from
trees, and fighting
Each is a modification of the basic incisor tooth structure Over time, evolution
adapted each of these animals' incisors to perform different functions. They
are homologous structures, inherited from a common ancestor with incisor
Homologous Organs
Potato and runners of
grass are structurally
similar as they both are
stem.
Potato is used for the
storage of starch.
But runners of grass are
used for vegetative
propagation.
Analogous Organs
Penguins and Dolphins are evolved from different origins
therefore they are an example of Convergent Evolution.
Dolphins are evolved from the mammals that walk of the land
while penguins are evolved from the birds that fly.
But both these organisms emerged a common structure
called flippers to swim underwater. The function of the
flippers are similar and hence these are an example of
Analogous Organs
Analogous
Organs
Both these plants have
different morphology and
anatomy but both have
photosynthetic stems and
their leaves are also
modified into spines.
As both are succulent
plants, their spines are
used to reduce the extra
loss of water in arid
climate or soil conditions
Analogous
Organs
Both these plants have
thorns for protection but
the thorns of Firethorn
have modified stem while
the thorn of Barberry is
modified leaves.
Therefore these are also
an example of the
Analogous Organs.
THANK YOU
