OPERATING SYSTEM
PRESENTED BY : J. Sri pooja
OPERATING SYSTEM
Definition
• Software that manages computer hardware and
provides services for computer programs.
Purpose
• Acts as an intermediary between users and the
computer hardware.
Functions of an operating system
Process Management : Manages program execution , multitasking , and process
scheduling .
Memory Management : Allocate memory to process , manages virtual memory , and
prevents memory conflicts .
File system management : controls file storage , retravel , and organization .
Device management : manages input/output devices and provides drivers .
Users Interface : offers GUI (command line interface )for interaction .
Types of operating system
• Batch OS : Processes jobs in batches , common in mainframe system .
• Time – sharing OS : Allows multiple users to use the system simultaneously .
• Distributed OS : Manages a group of distinct computers , making them appear as a single
system .
• Network OS :Supports networking capabilities and allows resources sharing .
• Real – Time OS : Offers quick response times , often used in critical system like medical or
industrial .
BOOTING
Booting is an operating system refers to the process of staring a computer and loading
the operating system into memory .
It can take control of the hardware and provide a platform for running application .
This process involves several stages , starting from when the power is turned on to
when the user can interact with the operating system .
Key concepts of Booting
1. Power – on self Test (post) : The POST checks essential hardware components ( CPU ,
RAM, storage , etc ) to ensure they are working correctly .
2. Bootloader : Common bootloaders include GRUB ( used by many Linux distribution ) ,
LILO , and windows Boot mangers .
3. System kernel Operating : The kernel initializes hardware devices , manages memory
, and sets up system processes .
4. User space initialization : This can include initializing the necessary system process
and services.
5. Login prompt : After successful login , the users session begins , allowing access to
applications and system functions .
TYPES OF BOOTING
COLD BOOTING : This is the process of starting the computer from a completely
powered – off state .
WARM BOOTING : This occurs when the computer is restarted without being turned off
completely (for example , using the restart option in the operating system )
COMMON OPERATING SYSTEMS
The most common operating system , each known for its unique features and areas of use .
Microsoft windows
Developer : Microsoft corporation
macOS
Developer : Apple Inc
Linux
Developer : open – sources community
Android
Developer : Google and open Handset
iOS
Developer : Apple Inc
Unix
Developer : Originally by AT & T Bell Labs , various version now by different vendors .
THANK YOU
