INTRODUCTION
• The community is the basic unit of social structure. The
social of the people is affected by the kind of community
in which they live. Community includes a group of
people living in a particular geographical area with a
common culture and a common social system.
Meaning of community
• The community as a sentiment, more than the
locality, lives in one another’s company and come
to develop a “we” feeling. Living together in a
home like environment makes them share
common memories, traditions, customs and
institutions which shape their attitude and
interests.
Definitions:
• 1. The community is the total organization of
social life with a limited area. (according to
OGBURN and NIMKOFF)
• 2.Community is a human population living within
a limited geographical area and carrying on a
common independent life
(According to Lundberg)
Characteristics of community
• It consists of
• A group of people
• A particular locality
• A permanent habitation
• A natural set up
• Sentiments
• Wider ends
• A particular name
Contii….
• Legal status
• Dependency
• Likeness
Contii….
• Group of people: A community is a group of people who
share the basic conditions of common life
• Locality: A community has a definite geographical area
with clear landmarks and boundaries. The people may
change the area of inhabitation, from time to time, however
some committees are well settled and they develop a
strong bond with each other in that particular locality.
• Permanency: A community includes permanent group life
in a particular area and it is stable
Contiii
• Naturalism: The people who live in the community are the
members of the group by birth itself.
• Sentiment: It means feeling of belongingness or “we” feeling. In
a community people stay together, share interests and ideas,
maintain unity and occupy a special local area. All these
aspects increases the spirit of oneness. Therefore sentiment
plays an important role in creating a community.
• Wider ends: The ends of the community are wider and natural.
The people associate with each other to achieve different goals.
Contii..
• Particular name: Each community has a particular
name. for example people living in different localities are
called by that locality name.
• Legal status: A community has no legal status. It has
no particular rights and duties.
• Dependency: An individual in a community is physically
dependant on community for fulfilment and satisfaction
of his physical needs. Psychologically also he is
dependant on community as it saves individual from
isolation.
Contii..
• Likeness: In a community there is likeness to
language, customs, traditions, practices folk ways.
People in a community work through customs and
traditions.
Types of community
• 1. Communities based on the size are classified as:
Big\large community
Small community
Big community: these are world, nation, state etc… they
provide peace and protection.
Small community: these are group, area, villages etc…
which provides friends and friendsships.
Contii..
• 2. Based on the geographical area they are located
communities are classified as below.
Rural community
Urban community
Tribal community
The rural community
• A few families who carried on mutually inter dependant activities in
gathering food and defending migratory communities, gradually man
acquired skill and knowledge in agriculture with the development of
agriculture and the consequent stabilization of the source of food, the
people began to lead a settled life and human communities become
more stationary.
• Agriculture not only as an occupation but also as a way of life.
• Features of rural community:
Community consciousness
Role of neighbourhood
Joint family
Faith in religion
Simplicity
Low mobility
Natural environment
• Low density of population
• Agricultural occupation
• Social stratification
• Problems of villages
Lack of transportation and communication facilities
Extravagancy expenses on non essential items. E.g. festivals,
ceremonies.
Exploitation by the higher\ elite groups
