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Community, Engagement, Solidarity

and Citizenship
Quarter 3 – Week 3
Weekly Learning Activity Sheet
Functions of Communities: Its structure, dynamics and processes

Name of Writer: RHENA AMOR P. DINERMAN

School: Senior High School in Carmen
District: Carmen District I
Email Address: rhenaamor.dinerman@deped.gov.ph

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 Development Team

Writer: Rhena Amor P. Dinerman

Validators: Rhena Amor P. Dinerman, Carmencita P. Dinerman

Reviewers: Rosell P. Abellana, Avelina C. Duquesa,

Bernie R. Pamplona, Junel M. Anino

Illustrator: Neil J. Arado

Management Team: SDS Romeo O. Aprovechar, CESO V

ASDS Love Emma B. Sudario
CID Chief Rayfrocina T. Abao

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
DIVISION OF AGUSAN DEL NORTE

WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name of Learner: __________________________________ Section: ______________

School: ___________________________________________

Learning Area: Community, Engagement, Solidarity

and Citizenship
Grade Level: Grade 12
Quarter: Third Quarter
Most Essential Learning Analyze the functions of
Competency (MELC): communities in terms of structures,
dynamics, and processes.
Code: HUMSS_CSC12-IIIa-c-5
Month: April 2021
Week Covered (specify the
dates): April 05 – 09, 2021
Title of the Activity: Activity 1: Making Choice
Activity 2: Fill Me-In
Activity 3: Multiple TRUE or FALSE
Materials (preferably localized Paper
and available at home): Pencil
Pen
Objective(s): 1. Distinguish the different types of
community;
2. Describe of each type of
community.
3. Examine functions of
communities in terms of structures,
dynamics, and processes.

This learning activity sheet focuses on functions of communities

and its dynamics, structures and processes. It is in the community where
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allows us to support one another, interact, share experiences and our
modern life struggles. Moreover, it builds valuable relationships, and
gives us a deeper sense of belonging.
Communities are rich in resources. With the diversity of skills,
common goals of every member it can be achieved that much faster. Your
strengths may be someone else’s weaknesses and vice versa.

Lesson

What are the different types community?

I. FORMAL COMMUNITY

A formal group is formed when people come together to accomplish

specific goals and objectives. An official group has particular structures
and roles where responsibilities of members of the group are defined.
Activities carried by a formal group have specific guidelines, which
members of the group are supposed to adhere to and follow to ensure
good coordination. Some of the common formal groups that exist within
the organization or community include schools, church, hospitals,
government, and civic organizations.

Characteristics of Formal Groups

The formal group is characterized in engaging joint activities and

discussion, helping each other, and sharing information with each other.
Moreover, they care about their standing with each other.

Examples of formal communities

 Academic-
 Recreation
 Retirement

II. INFORMAL COMMUNITY

An informal group is formed when two or more people come

together to accomplish a specific task which is mainly socially geared. The
main idea behind the establishment of the informal group is the
satisfaction of both personal and psychological needs. Likewise, these
group are not subjected to any rules and regulations in the company, and
the members of this group willingly belong to this group. There are no
explicit guidelines that govern the operations of an informal group.

Characteristics of Informal Groups

It consists of a set of personal relations, social networks, common
interest and emotional sources of motivation.

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Examples of informal communities
 Ecovillages
 Co-housing communities
 Co-ops communities
 Religious communities

III. URBAN COMMUNITY

The term urban simply refers to the region or area which is densely
populated and possess the characteristics of the man-made
surroundings.

An urban area is the region surrounding a city. An area with high

density of population. Urban community is something which an
individual thought as, an area with high density of population, an area
with the availability of basic requirements, an area of good resources, the
area has lots of opportunity of employment and such an area which can
be considered as life-giving for luxurious desires of human or individual. 
The word urban community has many meanings, the term ‘community’,
only, denotes two conditions:

 Physical condition- refers to the development of physical fitness

through the adaptation of the body and its various systems to an
exercise program.
 Social condition- refers to the sociological process of training
individuals in a society to respond in a manner generally approved
by the society in general and peer groups within society. The
concept is stronger than that of socialization, which is the process of
inheriting norms, customs and ideologies. 

The people residing in an urban area, are engaged in trade,

commerce or services. In this settlement, there is high scale
industrialization that results in better employment opportunities. The
urban settlement is not confined to the cities only, but towns and
suburbs (suburban areas) are also included in it. There are many
advantages of life in urban areas like easy access to various amenities,
better transportation facilities, entertainment and education options,
health facilities. Although it suffers certain drawbacks like pollution,
caused due to large scale industrialization and means of transportation
like buses, trains, cars and so on, leading to increasing in health
problems in the people living in that area. Urban life and personality are
affected by the physical and social conditions of urban living—anonymity,
social distance, speed and tension, regimentation, impersonal social
interaction, mobility and transiency etc. These conditions produce
impersonality, insecurity and segmentation of personality, which appear
to be universal characteristics of urbanization (or urban community) all
over the world.

Characteristics of Urban Communities:

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  Advancement in science and technology
 Many business establishments, recreational centers, educational
and religious institutions
 People are crowded
 Social heterogeneity
 Class extremes
 Greater pollution
 Many crimes are committed
 Family ties tend to be weak
 Limited space
 Higher standard of living
 Shortage of employment
 Informal settlers are rampant

IV. RURAL COMMUNITY

It refers to a small settlement, which is outside the boundaries of a

city, commercial or industrial area. It may include, countryside areas,
villages or hamlets, where there are natural vegetation and open spaces.
There is a low density of population in such area. The primary source of
income of the residents is agriculture and animal husbandry. Cottage
Industries also form a chief source of income here. Further, a rural area
is an open swath of land that has few homes or other buildings, and not
very many people. A rural area’s population density is very low.

Characteristics of the Rural Community:

 Greater personal interaction

 Deep, long-term relationships
 Generally, peace and order exists
 Mutual give and take affairs
 Emphasis of shared values
 Homogeneous type of culture
 Belief in supernatural and superstitious beliefs
 Less pollution
 Few establishments and institutions
Difference between Urban and Rural

Based on the density of population, development, amenities,

employment opportunities, education, etc. human settlement is majorly
divided into two categories i.e. Urban and Rural. Urban refers to a human
settlement where the rate of urbanization and industrialization is
high. On the other hand, in a rural settlement, is one where the rate of
urbanization is quite slow. Another important difference between the two
human settlements is that while urban areas are highly populated, rural
areas have comparatively less population than the urban ones.

COMPARISON CHART
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 BASIS FOR COMPARISON URBAN RURAL
A settlement where the An area located in the
population is very high outskirts, is known
Meaning and has the features of a as rural.
built environment, is
known as urban.
Sparsely populated
Population size Densely populated
Villages and hamlet
Coverage Cities and towns
Environment Greater isolation from Direct contact with
nature. nature.
Non-agricultural work, i.e. Agriculture and
Associated with trade, commerce or livestock.
provision of services.
Planned settlement exists Developed randomly,
in urban areas that are based on availability
developed according to of natural vegetation
Development the process of and fauna in the
urbanization and area.
industrialization.

Life Fast and complicated Simple and relaxed

Social mobility Highly intensive Less intensive
Always present at the No such division.
Division of labor time of job allotment.

V. GLOBAL COMMUNITY

As the world is flat, living in a global community are the

people or nations of the world, considered as being closely connected
by modern telecommunications and as being economically, socially, and
politically interdependent. The quality of global governance is reflected in
each local community worldwide. The global community will show
leadership by creating a global civil ethic within the global community. It
describes all values needed for good global governance: mutual respect,
tolerance, respect for life, justice for all everywhere, integrity, and caring.
The Scale of Human and Earth Rights has become an inner truth and the
benchmark of the millennium in how everyone sees all values.

Characteristics of Global Communities

 World community

 Common point of view toward issues of human rights, global

warming and climate change, peace and order, socio-economic
conditions as well as disputed issues such as territorial conflict.

V. SECTORAL COMMUNITY

WHAT DO WE MEAN BY COMMUNITY SECTORS?

The idea of community sectors can mean a number of different

things.  In some cases, it describes broad categories – the public and
private sectors, for example, referring respectively to those individuals
and organizations that have to do with government in some way and

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those that don’t. Sometimes, the term “community sector” means
community-based organizations, institutions, and initiatives, as opposed
to those operated by state government, national or international groups,
or large corporations.
In this section, when we refer to “community sectors,” at the
various groups that people in the larger community might be divided into
for reasons of common social, political, economic, cultural, or religious
interests.  In some cases, membership in a sector may be conscious
(business people as part of the “business sector,” for example.)  In others,
people may not think about their membership (parents may not think of
themselves as helping to make up the “education sector.”)  Many
individuals may belong to, or have contact with, several of these sectors;
others may be considered only in relation to a single one.
So what are these sectors? 
Sectors that exist in all communities in numerous categories that are
common in most communities even in the developed world, and in many
communities in developing countries as well. This may include
Health. This includes medical and mental health professionals (doctors,
nurses, psychologists and psychotherapists, physical therapists, etc.),
pharmacists and pharmacies, hospitals and other in-patient facilities,
clinics, non-traditional health practitioners (acupuncturists,
chiropractors, massage therapists, etc.), and public health agencies and
systems.

Education. This involves the Public and private K-12 schools, public and
private pre-schools, public and private colleges and universities, school
committees, school administrators, teachers, other educational institution
employees, parents, students, state boards of education. This sector may
(or may not, depending on the issue) include adult basic education (ABE)
and English as Second or Other Language (ESOL) programs.

Law Enforcement.  These are the group of people who are into legal
works the likes of local and state police, the court system – judges,
probation officers, prosecutors, court-appointed defense lawyers, court-
mandated programs for offenders.

Government. These are sectors from the regional, provincial, state, local,

and tribal government bureaucracies, agencies, and officials, both elected
and appointed.

Business. This sector can range from the self-employed individuals to

small entrepreneurs and to the multinational corporation with a local
facility.

Youth.  Youth themselves and those who work directly with them (youth
violence prevention and outreach programs, Big Brother/Big Sister, Boys’
and Girls’ Clubs, scouting, etc.)  There may be overlap here with the
education, parents, human service, culture, and sports/recreation
sectors.

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Parents. Whether parents are viewed as a community sector or not may
depend on the nature of the issue of concern. They’re certainly a sector in
the case of community-wide efforts that benefit or otherwise affect
children, but they may not be seen as a separate group when the issue is
care for elders.

Media. The media now includes not only newspapers and magazines,

radio, and TV, but the vast array of blogs, videos, online news, and other
material available on the Internet.

Religion. Places of worship and their members and religious

organizations (e.g., Knights of Columbus, B’nai Brith) of all faiths. If the
community is a large city, this sector may include the hierarchy of a
national church as well (a Roman Catholic archbishop, for instance.)

Service/Fraternal Organizations. The Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis,

and other local and national or international service organizations. 

Housing and Development. In this sector, we find both public and

private non-profit housing agencies and organizations that provide rent
subsidies and/or affordable housing, as well as developers who build
market-rate and upscale residential and commercial properties

Sports and Recreation. This sector might include sports clubs, town or
county recreation departments, amateur and professional athletic
associations, public and private sports and recreation facilities, the
YMCA, gyms, coaches, personal trainers, recreation leaders, and camp
directors, as well as those who participate in these groups as athletes,
spectators, or supporters.

The Environment. Individual environmentalists; international, national,

and local environmental organizations (e.g., Greenpeace, Friends of the
Earth, the Sierra Club, local preservation organizations); conservation
land trusts; recreational hunters and fishermen, rock climbers and
mountaineers, wildlife biologists and botanists, ecologists, hikers,
canoers/kayakers, and other outdoorspeople; hydrologists (water
specialists). This sector may also include those who make a living from a
pristine or carefully-managed environment: producers of maple sugar,
organic and tree farmers, wilderness guides, owners of hotels and B&Bs
that cater to those who use – and are located in – wilderness areas.

Characteristics of Sectoral Communities:

 Voluntary, non-profit and non-governmental
 Third sector (in contrast to public and private sector
 NGOs: Non-governmental organizations

Examples of Sectoral Communities:

1. Non-profit organization- A nonprofit organization is a business that

has been granted tax-exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service
(IRS) because it furthers a social cause and provides a public benefit.
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 2. Non-governmental organization- Organizations which are independent
of government involvement are known as non-governmental
organizations or NGOs or non-government organizations.

IBON Foundation
IBON Foundation is a research-education-information and advocacy
organization committed to serve the marginalized sectors. They seek to
contribute to people’s empowerment by generating and collecting socio-
economic data and analyses, and disseminate these in the Philippines
and abroad.
Philippine Red Cross
The PRC provides six major services: Blood Services, Disaster
Management Services, Safety Services, Community Health and Nursing
Services, Social Services and the Volunteer Services.

Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism

An independent, nonprofit media agency that specializes in investigative
reporting of political, social, and related issues surrounding the Filipinos.

Child Hope Asia

An international, non-sectarian organization advocating for the cause of
street children throughout the world.

Philippine Animal Welfare Society

A volunteer-based organization working towards protection of animals
from cruelty through education, sheltering and advocacy.

VI. SOCIAL SPACE

A social space is a physical or a virtual space such as social center,

online social media, or other gathering place where people gather and
interact. It has various forms of spaces used by community in conducting
social interaction. These kinds of spaces should be given more attention
since they serve as catalyst in the implementation of good social cohesion
in community. The effort includes giving concern toward their various
implemented form. In the same like, it will give benefits in the creation of
resilient built environment.

Characteristics of Social Space Communities:

 Environmental infrastructures
 Natural and semi-natural (man influenced) green infrastructure
elements
 Outdoor space
 Environment as a social space, place of interaction
 Public space/open space related to human’s daily life
 Green recreation zones

Examples of social space communities:

1. Social Center- These are community spaces such as buildings

which are used for a range of disparate activities, which can be linked

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 only by being not-for-profit.
2. Town Squares- This is an open public space commonly found in
the heart of a traditional town used for community gatherings
3. Parks- A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space
set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of
wildlife or natural habitats.
4. Shopping Malls- A large building or series of connected buildings
containing a variety of retail stores and typically also restaurants.
5. Pubs- It is a tavern or bar.

You can classify every type of community by the purpose that brings

them together.

1.Interest. Communities of people who share the same interest or

passion.
2.Action. Communities of people trying to bring about change.
3.Place. Communities of people brought together by geographic
boundaries.
4.Practice. Communities of people in the same profession or undertake
the same activities.
5.Circumstance. Communities of people brought together by external
events/situations.

Difference between Formal Groups and Informal Groups

One of the main differences between the formal and informal group
is the process through which some groups are formed.

BASIS FOR COMPARISON FORMAL GROUPS INFORMAL GROUPS

specific tasks voluntarily formed by
deliberately form members coming
Management where cannot one together to satisfy their
leave the group personal and
without the authority psychological needs. One
of the management. can join and leave the
group when he or she
decides.
are defined where the does not have
hierarchy and flow of structures, but when it
information from one does exist it is mostly not
member of the group defined. This means that
Structures to the other member is there is no chain of
communicated. This command and the flow of
means that there is a information from one
chain of command member to the other.
through which
instructions are
administered.
flows from top to group moves sideways
Communication bottom without a defined path.
professional because Personal as members
the group is created to know each other at a
Relationship between members achieve a specific task personal level thus
or goal that is making their relationship
controlled by the to be guided by personal
management of the aspects.
organization.

are usually large are comparatively small

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 Sizes because they are
formed with the because close friends or
purpose of ensuring people who know one
that they can achieve another on a personal
goals that measure the level form them. This
success of the makes it challenging to
company. They assemble many members
possess skills and since not all persons in
competencies to an organization know
handle official one another at a
activities on behalf of personal level.
the company.

are usually stable and are not stable because

are likely to exist for a they are governed by the
lengthy period. feelings between the
Nature Additionally, the task members. In case the
allocated to a formal sentiments between
group may last for a members become
long duration hence volatile, the group is
making the formal likely to be dissolved.
group exist until the
task allocated is
completed.

Procedure / Activities:
Activity 1. Making Choice!
Direction. Below is the list of different communities. Choose the
appropriate type of community they belong. Write the letter of the correct
answer.

A. Urban B. Rural C. Social Space D. Sectoral

_______ 1. Philippine Charities (Dot) Com

_______ 2. People Power Movement
_______ 3. Baclayon
_______ 4. Ifugao hamlets
_______ 5. Vigan
_______ 6. Butuan City
_______ 7. Agusan del Norte
_______ 8. Puerto Princesa Subterranean River
_______ 9. Woodstock resto bar
_______10. SM Butuan

Activity 2: Fill Me-in

Direction. Supply the missing items given below. In a synthesizing
manner answer the following in five (5) sentences only.

1. My community is ____________________________________________________.
2. Having a space community means

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____________________________________.
3. It is important to live in an urban community
_________________________.
4. The advantage of settling in a rural community is
______________________.

Activity 3: Multiple TRUE or FALSE

Direction: Read the statement carefully. Write
A if the statement is TRUE and B if it is FALSE.
B if the statement is FALSE and B if it is TRUE.
C. if both statements are TRUE.
D. if both statements are FALSE.

________1. Rural community characterize to be

a. peace-loving society b. values-oriented people
________2. An example of global community except
a. ECOSOC b. ktv bars
________3. Philippine Red Cross is a kind of
a. NGOs b. CSOs
________4. The main function of global community is
a. global leadership b. camaraderie among states
________5. Academic institution is a kind of
a. formal community b. informal community
________6. This kind of community will give benefits in the creation of
resilient built environment.
a. social space b. sectoral community
________7. Relationship between members of informal community
a. personal b. professional
________8. An urban life is characterized to be
a. simple b. relaxed
________9. Formal community shall include but not limited to
a. education b. religion
_______10. Gabriela, is what kind of community
a. social space b. sectoral

Reflection:
In a synthesizing manner, reflect the following questions given below.

1. Are all communities need to function according to their task mission

and vision? Why or why not

2. What kind of community do you have? Justify

References:

Agcopra, Leterin II G. Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship,

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 Self-Learning Module, Quarter 1 – Module 1. DepEd –
Northern Mindanao, Region X, Philippines, 2020.

Moody, Kim G.C. The Importance of Community.

http://www.mondaq.com/
Canada/knowledge/management/96272/the-importance-of-
Community, 2020.

Chavis, David M. & Lee, Kien. What is community anyway? https://ssir.

org/articles/entry/what_is_community_anyway,2015.

https://www.local.gov.uk/our-support/guidance-and
resources/community-action/communityaction-overview/what-
community-action

https://www.feverbee.com/different-types-of-communities/

https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/sociology/top-8-characteristics-of-
urban-community-explained/35080

Answer Key:

Activity 1: Making Choice Activity 3: Multiple TRUE or FALSE

1. D 6. A 1. C 6. A

2. D 7. A 2. A 7. D

3. B 8. C 3. A 8. D

4. B 9. C 4. C 9. C

5. A 10. C 5. A 10. B

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