PROJECT ON Tablet Manufacturing

CONTENTS
Introduction to Drug Raw material Process of granulation Compression process Tablet coating Packing of Tablets Flow chart of tablet manufacturing

INTRODUCTION

A DRUG is a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being .

Raw-Material
Raw material is present in the form of (active pharmaceutical ingredient) {API}. Raw material is a mixture of active substance and excipients, usually in a powder form. The excipents includes binders, glidant (flow acid) and lubricants to ensure efficient table ting, disintegrate to ensure that the tablet breaks up in the digestive track. Raw material of tablet also contains sweetness or flavors to mask the bad taste of tablet. Raw material as of two types active & inactive raw material .The active raw material includes API and inactive raw material includes mixing & lubricant ingredient.

Dispensing of Material
After approval of raw material this raw material is transfer to dispensing room. Where disinfection of raw material is done by U-V radiation and cleans with alcohol .After this calibration is done by electronic balance and inactive material is transfer for granulation.

Process of Granulation
Wet Granulation Dry Granulation Fluidized Bed Granulation

Compression Process
After completion of the granulation process the powder is transfer in compression room. In compression process the tablet is compressed in double rotatory tablet compressing machine .Tablet is compressed with high pressure .Tablet pressure may also be used to form tablets of wide variety of materials form powdered metals to cookie crumbs .

 The tablet press is an essential piece of machinery for any pharmaceutical and neutraceutical manufacture. Thousands of tablet are compressed by machine with in one hour .During compression following parameters are observe in the tablet. Hardness of tablet Disintegration test of tablet Friability of tablet Thickness of tablet Weight of tablet and variations.

Tablet Coating
Sugar-coating is done by rolling the tablets in heavy syrup, in a similar process to candy making. It is done to give tablets on attractive appearance and to make pill taking less unpleasant. However, the process is tedious and time consuming and it requires the expertise of highly skilled technician. It also adds a substantial amount of weight to the tablet which can create some problems in packing and distribution.

Packing of Tablet
Tablet packing process can be done in two ways:
Strip packing Blister packing

Strip Packing Machine

Strip packing machine is an automatic high speed packing machine with a capacity up to 2500 tablets per minutes .In strip packing machine wide range of products can be packed automatically /semi automatically .To operate the machine is very simple. The product is fed through hopper and feeding device flows to the heat sealing roller cavities the desired laminated foil from the two rollers is drawn an the sealing rollers which packs and seals the product continuously .The sealed strip passes through the vertical and horizontal cutters to get desired strip sizes.

Blister Packing Machine

The operating cycle of this machine is completely automatic and the use of continuous motion principle permits high speed and efficient packing products. The blister forming die is cooled by an integral water cooling unit and is maintained at correct operating temperature. The fully automatic tablet feeding unit with photo level control and vibrator granulates positive filling of Blister with minimum decomposition of dust on the sealing surface.

 Guide tracks between blister forming unit and sealing unit and sealing unit provides essential space for visual and large electronic inspection of missing tablets. Patented and attractive sealing pattern is crase proof elements capillary formation of Aluminum foil on sealing. The speed of the machine is infinity variable. The temperature of blister forming heaters and sealing rollers are controlled by avarice and temperature controller respectively and can be regulated for optimum results during machine. All format parts are easily accessible and change over are swiftly affected by simple machine. The machine is of wholly indigenous make services and spare are easily available.

Flow Chart of Tablet Manufacturing

Raw Material
Vender Certification Receipt $ handling of raw material Handling of material received in damage condition Colibrim Transfer to approval room

Cleaning with vacuum cleaner

Passes through air curtain and UV Radiation

Disinfection of raw material

Calibration by electronic balance

Cleaning of raw material Storage of raw material

Disinfection through UV radiation Raw material stock reconciliation

Process of Granulation

Wet Granulation

Dry Granulation

Fluidized Granulation

Steps of Granulation
Granulation by rapid mixer granulation Drying by fluidized bed dryer Lubricants of granules

Final drying with FBD Milling of large granules

Shifting of Large Granules

Granules transfer to compression

Hardness

Disintegration

Thickness

Weight Variation

Tablet Coating

Film Coating Enteric Coating

Sugar Coating

Tablet transfer to packing

Blister Packing

Strip Packing