GENERAL SCIENCE
LESSON 1: PHYSICS IN DAILY
LIFE
LEVER- allows a seesaw to work on a playground
FORCE ABSORPTION- The ability of a material or
structure to reduce the effect of impact.
GAS STOVE- applied in controlling heat for efficient
cooking at home
ECG MACHINE- device used in hospitals is based on
principles of physics to monitor a patient's heartbeat.
LESSON 1: PHYSICS IN DAILY
LIFE
MICROWAVE OVEN- Electromagnetic waves transfer
energy directly to water molecules in the food.
PHYSICS CONTRIBUTE TO WORK SAFETY IN
FACTORIES- By designing stronger and more durable
safety gear.
WEARING A HELMET IMPORTANT FOR
CONSTRUCTION WORKERS-It reduces head injuries
by absorbing impact forces.
LESSON 2: SPEED
SCALAR QUANTITIES- Have only
magnitude (no direction)
EXAMPLES:
SPEED – how fast (e.g., 60 km/h)
DISTANCE – how much ground is covered
TIME – duration
LESSON 2: SPEED
LINEAR SPEED- The rate at which an object
moves along a straight path.
LINEAR SPEED QUANTITIES- distance and
time
OBJECT HAS A FASTER LINEAR SPEED- It
covers more distance in less time
FORMULA LINEAR SPEED= distance ÷ time
LESSON 3: VELOCITY
FORMULA FOR VELOCITY=
Displacement ÷ Time
FORMULA FOR TIME= Displacement ÷
Velocity
VELOCITY INCLUDE DIRECTION- it is
based on displacement, which includes
direction.
LESSON 3: VELOCITY
VECTOR QUANTITIES- Have both magnitude
and direction
EXAMPLES:
VELOCITY – speed in a direction (e.g., 60 km/h
north)
DISPLACEMENT – change in position with direction
ACCELERATION – rate of change of velocity
LESSON 4: ACCELERATION
ACCELERATION- The rate of change of velocity
AMOVING OBJECT HAVE ZERO
ACCELERATION- If it moves at constant velocity.
ENGINEERS CONSIDER ACCELERATION WHEN
DESIGNING A SEATBELT SYSTEM- To protect
passengers during sudden deceleration
LESSON 4: ACCELERATION
Two cars start from rest. Car A reaches 60 km/h in 4 seconds,
while Car B reaches the same speed in 6 seconds. What can be
concluded in this scenario?
Car A has greater acceleration.
Two car accelerate differently. Which car provides a smoother
and safer acceleration for passengers, and why?
Car A goes from 0 m/s to 20 m/s in 4 seconds.
Car B goes from 0 m/s to 20 m/s in 2 seconds.
Car A, because it has lower acceleration.
LESSON 5: MOTION GRAPH
SLOPE
OF A DISTANCE-TIME GRAPH
REPRESENT- Speed
A STRAIGHT LINE UPWARD- distance-time
graph of an object starts from rest and then
moves faster over time.
LESSON 6: ANGULAR
DISPLACEMENT
ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT- The amount of
rotation an object makes around a fixed point.
θ – symbol commonly used for angular
displacement
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANGULAR AND
LINEAR DISPLACEMENT- Angular displacement
involves rotation, while linear displacement
involves straight-line motion.
LESSON 6: ANGULAR
DISPLACEMENT
A ceiling fan rotates 90 degrees from its starting point. What is
its angular displacement in radians?
Two skaters spin around a common center: Skater A is 2 meters
away, and Skater B is 4 meters away. After spinning 180°, who
has the greater linear displacement?
Skater B
LESSON 7: ANGULAR VELOCITY
SI UNIT OF ANGULAR VELOCITY- rad/s
EQUIVALENT ANGLE OF ONE COMPLETE REVOLUTION- 360° or 2π
rad
DESCRIBES A WHEEL WITH AN ANGULAR VELOCITY OF 2Π
RAD/S- The wheel completes one revolution every second.
FORMULA FOR ANGULAR VELOCITY IF RPM IS GIVEN
LESSON 7: ANGULAR VELOCITY
CONVERT 120PRM TO RAD/S
= 12.56RAD/S
Two wheels are connected by a belt. Wheel X spins at 6 revolutions
per second. Wheel Y has twice the diameter of Wheel X. Which
statement is correct about Wheel Y’s angular velocity?
Wheel Y spins at half the angular velocity of Wheel X.
LESSON 8: ANGULAR
ACCELERATION
ANGULAR ACCELERATION- The rate of change
of angular velocity over time.
How the speed of spinning is changing
How quickly an object changes its spinning speed
ANGULAR ACCELERATION IN REAL LIFE- A
ball rolling faster and faster down a curved slide.
LESSON 8: ANGULAR
ACCELERATION
A bicycle wheel starts from rest and begins to spin faster
and faster. After 5 seconds, it is spinning very fast. What
can you conclude about the wheel’s angular
acceleration?
The wheel has positive angular acceleration because its spinning
speed increased
A student is comparing two spinning tops. Top A
increases its spinning speed faster than Top B. Which top
has greater angular acceleration, and why?
Top A, because it changes its spinning speed more quickly
LESSON 9: LINEAR/ANGULAR
MOTION, HUMAN AND MACHINE
DESIGN
LINEAR MOTION- type of motion occurs when an object moves in a
straight line.
ANGULAR MOTION- occurs when an object or body part rotates around
a fixed axis or point. This is common in many joint-based movements.
JOINTS- part of the body primarily allows angular motion during walking
or running.
DESCRIBES THE USE OF ANGULAR MOTION IN A MANUAL HAND
DRILL- It spins around to create a hole efficiently
ROLE OF ANGULAR MOTION IN A SWIVEL CHAIR- It enables the
chair to rotate around a central axis for easier turning.
LESSON 9: LINEAR/ANGULAR
MOTION, HUMAN AND MACHINE
DESIGN
PRINCIPLE OF MOTION IS BEING APPLIED TO PROMOTE
EFFICIENT RECOVERY AND REDUCE JOINT STRAIN- Utilizing
angular motion to improve joint mobility and efficiency.
A coach compares two athletes in a throwing event. Athlete 1
uses only linear motion, pushing the object straight forward.
Athlete 2 uses both linear and angular motion, stepping
forward while rotating the hips and shoulders. Based on
mechanics, which athlete has the better technique for an
effective throw?
Athlete 2, because combining motions provides more control, power, and
efficiency
