KIEM TRA BAI CU

Cho t din
ABCD sao cho
AB vung gc
vi BC v BD.
CMR AB vung
gc vi CD.
A
C
B
D
c
Xt ng thng c (BCD) c vtcp
Tn ti duy nht hai
s thc , sao cho
= +
Khi ta cng c
.
= . +
=
AB c, c (BCD).
ng thng d gi l vung gc vi
mt phng (P) nu d vung gc vi
mi ng thng nm trong mt
phng (P).
K hiu: d (P).
nh ngha 1
Cho ng thng vung gc
vi hai ng thng ct nhau a
v b nm trong mt phng (P).
CMR vung gc vi (P).
Bi ton
P
a
b

n
c
a
b
c
Gi , , ln lt l vecto
ch phng ca t , a, b.
Xt t c (P)
c vecto ch
phng
Tn ti duy nht hai s thc , sao cho
= +
Khi :. = . + =
, ()
Vy (P)
Nu ng thng d vung gc vi hai
ng thng ct nhau nm trong (P)
th d vung gc vi (P).
Vit gn:
a P b P
d a d b d P
a b a b
c c

= C =

( ), ( )
, ( )
,
nh l 1
AB BC
AB BD
BC BD B
AB BCD
AB CD

( )
VD
( )
a AB
a AC
a ABC
a BC

)


a
O
b
a
O
b
Tnh cht 1: C duy nht mt phng ()
i qua im O cho trc v vung gc
vi ng thng a cho trc.
P
(Q
R)
d
d'
a
b
O
Tnh cht 2: C duy nht ng thng
A i qua im O cho trc v vung
gc vi mt phng (P) cho trc.
P
O
a
b
A R
Q
P
O
d
d
A B

A
B
O b
M
P
nh ngha: Mt
phng (P) gl mt
phng trung trc
ca AB nu n i
qua trung im
AB v vung gc
vi AB.
Tnh cht: Vi
mi im M nm
trn mt phng
(P), ta lun c
MA = MB
Hi: Tm tp hp tt c cc im M cch
u 3 nh ca tam gic ABC?
/ /
1.
a b
c b
a c
2. / /
c a
a b
c b
/ /
( )
( )
a b
b
a

/ /
1.
a b
c b
a c
a
b

2. / /
c a
a b
c b
/ / ( )
( )
a b
a b a
b

a
b

/ /
( )
( )
a b
b
a

/ / ( )
( )
a b
a b a
b

a.
b.
a
b

( ) / / ( )
( )
( )
c
c
o |
|
o


`

)
/ /
1.
a b
c b
a c
c


2. / /
c a
a b
c b
( )
( ) ( ) / /( )
( ) ( )
c
c
o
| o |
o |

=
)
c


a.
b.
( ) / / ( )
( )
( )
c
c
o |
o
|

)

( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) / /( )
c
c
o
|
o |
o |

=
)

c


( ) / /
( )
b
c b
c
o
o

/ /
1.
a b
c b
a c

c
b
2. / /
c a
a b
c b
( )
( ) / /
c
b
c b
o
o

c
b
a.
b.
( ) / /
( )
b
c b
c
o
o

( )
( ) / /
c
b
c b
o
o

c
b