Dai Community in Malaysia

The sketch Biography of Dai people and

refugees situation of living in Malaysia

Prepared by: [DCM]

3/29/2009 Hearts, Heads and Hands Together 1

 Contents
 Objective of Dai Community in Malaysia Page - 3
 Dai Community Objectives (Burmese version) Page - 4
 Dai History by English version Page - 5
 Dai History by Burmese version Page - 10
 DCM committee members for 2008 Page - 14
 DCM organization and structure Page - 15
 Chin Land Page - 17
 Chin state map (1) Page - 19
 Chin state map (2) Page - 20
 Myanmar map (1) Page - 21
 Myanmar map (2) Page - 22
 Chin tribes list in Malaysia Page - 23
 The daily live picture of Dai land Page - 24
 Activities of DCM Page - 25
 Activities of Victoria Child Care Center Page - 26
 Southern Chin tribe faced tattoos Page - 27
 Dai Villages list and population to UNHCR Page - 28
 Refugee situations of Living in Malaysia Page - 31
 Our organization and structure Page - 34

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[Hearts, Heads and Hands Together]
 Objectives
1. To solve together the social issues and problems among Dai
people.

2. To try our best for getting the equal Human Rights as well as
other ethnic groups and organizations.

3. To uplift, preserve and maintain Dai traditional cultures and

societies.

4. To encourage friendly and peaceful intercommunication

among Dai people who live in around the world.

5. To cooperate and coordinate with other ethnic groups and

international societies for the outcomes of developing the
progress of all aspects of Dai society.

6. To take care of Dai refugees and help for their resettlement

processes.

7. To educate Dai refugee children who live in Malaysia.

8. To upraise and to help Dai people social, political and

economical situations who live in the native Dai land.

9. To outcome not only for the future leaders of Dai people but
also for becoming of the world leaders.

3/29/2009 3
[Hearts, Heads and Hands Together]
 'dkif&fvIrIa&;toif;(rav;&Sm;) zGJUpnf;&jcif; \&nf&G,fcsuf

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omru urÇmudktusKd;jyKrnfh acgif;aqmifaumif;rsm;udk ay:xGef;vma&;t wGufarG;xkwf&ef/

3/29/2009 4
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Dai History 
 
 
Geographical Features of Dai Land
Dai Land is situated on the west of Mindat town, the northwest of Kanpetlet town, the
northeast of Paletwa town and the southeast of Matupi town. The Dai land is located in the
southern part of the Chin land (Chin state), Myanmar. It is also located between north latitude
20° 30' and 21° 30' , and between east longitude 93° 10' and 94° 10'. The longest part of its
land is about 120 miles (193.08 km) and the narrowest part is roughly 60 miles (96.54 km).
The Dai land is situated between 800 mto 3200 m above the sea level. The highest mountain in
Dai land is Khawnusuum(Mt.Victoria). Its has got slope ranges of mountains and a few plains
near the Laymyo river and Moun river.

Climate
Dai land has got three climates which are summer, winter and rainny season. The Dai land is
located in temperate zone. The temperature is between 5° C to 20° C. Especially the rainy
season is started the end of May and finished at the end of October.

Environment Current Issue

Cut and burn methods of plantation or slashing methods makes deforestation. Widely
searching of natural resources such as wild orchid species, faunas and floras are worried natu-
ral resources largely losing. Myanmar military government’s well known cutting and selling of
teaks and timber is the majority of destroying the Dai land. Cutting and selling of the pine
wood is the most dangerous deforesting in near Mt.Khawnusuum areas. Generally hunting,
electrical fishing, searching, digging and cutting all natural resources are vanishing our useful
resources.

Natural Resources

In Dai land there are many kinds of faunas and floras. The Dai land is the most plentiful of
natural resources in Chin state.
(a) Fauna

Tiger, bear, elephant, monkey, leopard, barking deer, fox, cat, snake, reptiles, amphibian,
birds and so on.
(b) Flora
Verities of wild orchid species, cherry, rhododendron, teak, timber, pine, bamboo species,
rattan and so on.
 
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Population
In Dai land there are about 60,000 native people are inhabitants, within the original main
tribe there are many small minor ethnics. They are the original residents of Dai land. The
overall Dai population is estimate to be 90,000. The population of Dai people is the biggest
ethnic tribe of southern Chin state. Some of Dai people live in around Myanmar and all over
the world. By history researcher Dai people are derivative from Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto - Burma,
Kuki - Chin - Naga, Kuki - Chin, Chin - Dai.

Political Division
By Myanmar (Burma) government system Dai land is divided into four parts within
southern Chin state of Kanpetlet, Mindat, Matupi and Paletwa townships. Today Dai land is
comprises within Chin state, Myanmar. So the local government made to be separated of Dai
land and they used to called Kanpetlet Dai, Mindat Dai, Matu Dai and Paletwa Dai. In Chin
state Dai population is 10 percentage of Chin people. The biggest forest of Chin state is
situated in Dai land. There is no town, high school, hospital in Dai land. The military
government ruling systems make Dai people to be poor and not to be educated. Regrettably
there is no modern transportation system such as road, railway and air port in Dai land. Along
with it there is also neither of telecommunication nor internet system in there. So the Dai land
is one of the poorest development places of Myanmar and of the world.

Cuisine
Dai people used to cook and eat their cuisine within their festivals , ceremonies and every
day. The curry of Guuk Booi (cooking with as filtered water or lye) is the famous traditional
curry. The main component of Guuk Booi is produced from filtering water passing through
banana tree, straw, bamboos and medicinal herbs ash. Chicken with Dai coriander salad is the
favorite dish of Dai people. Roselle soup is the most popular soup of Dai people. Other cook-
ing methods are boiling, baking, roasting and barbecuing the vegetables and meats. The local
people make Khai Peh (boiled pack of snack, making by sticky rice with banana leaf) and
share to every body and neighbors within the days of harvesting and thanks giving day.
Medicinal herbs such as turmeric powder, ginger, mints, garlic, lemon grass, coriander, chives,
cinnamon, pepper, chilly are the most useful spices of Dai curry. Yaw Leng (cooking curry in
bamboo) is the most delicious dish of Dai traditional curry.

Religion
Recent thirty years ago Dai people are animist. Most of Dai people converted to Christian
within the previous two decades. Nowadays absolutely 99 percentage of Dai people are
Christian. In Dai land there are many Christian denominations such as roman Catholic, babtist,
Methodist, Brethren, Presbyterian and so on. Because of Christianity Dai people well
developed of social and spiritual knowledge.

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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Costumes
Dai people adorably used to wear traditional hand woven cotton clothes. Ladies and
women are found of wearing Phyang (look like shirt), Nghi Le(skirt), Yisa Sen, Yi Sa Pauk
(sewing towel for wearing waist to ankle). Prvious time men used to wear only Khyu
(underwear), Mengpem, Ng’ae, Nghai( ear lobe), L Pung (turban), Lu Sui (topknot), KKhum
Loi (two long tail of drongo), Aai Loi (long tail of cock). Women commonly dress Sungphui,
Myakang, Phui Song (Dai belt), Mole (colorful beads), Htae (bracelet), Ngthaen (ear lobe) Lu
Keh (hairpin). Only ladies tattoo on their faces, arm, calf (especially on their faces have fully
decorated tattoo style). There are many kind of faced tattoo styles, depend on their small
minor ethnic. Dai hand woven styles are high standard and quality until today. Women wave
blanket themselves for their family using.

Languages
Dai languages is the mother tongue of all Dai tribes, There are slightly different styles of
using their ethnic tongue those minor ethnic groups who live in Kanpetlet township and
Matupi township. Even though slightly different styles of using dialect each minority group
understand the other tongue. Dai literature is developed the year of around 1990s by the help
of German people. The alphabets are based on German alphabets. Dai language code is dao
and international standard organization number is 639-3. Part of the Christian bible, new
testament translation is finished on the year of 1996. Dai literature is widely used in Christian
religion. Dai people can speak other languages those ethnic groups who live near their region
such as Mün, Ya, Ubü, Matu and Burmese. There are trying to prepare for the publication of
Dai - English dictionary.
Education
In Dai land there are only basic education middle schools (from 5 years to 14 years
students). Basic primary school is nearly open in all villages but the local people can not learn
properly and functionally. Attached basic education high school is opened in a few villages of
Dai land. There are around 1000 educated people (Bachelor degree). Nowadays Dai people are
studying for their further education in various Christian colleges such as many capital cities of
Yangon, Falam, Mandalay, Kalay, Maymyo. So many of Dai people can not study for their
further education, only one percentage of Dai people can go to colleges or universities. So the
99 percentage of Dai people can not study other educations such as computer training, internet
training, polytechnic school and human resources training.
Health
There are some government clinics and dispensaries in some villages, but there is no medicine
in that dispensaries. People to the nearest Burmese villages and the cities to buy some drugs.
There are no doctors in Dai land. Sometimes the medical staffs and nurses visit to Dai land.
There is rarely found vaccination to Dai people by the help of government. Most commonly
facing diseases in Dai land are malaria, dengue fever, flu, gastric pain, bronchioles, diarrhea
and hepatitis.
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Agriculture , Animal Husbandry and Economy

(a) Agriculture
Dai people cultivate paddy, corn millet ,beans, peas, cucumber, pumpkin, gourd, egg plant,
sweet potatoes, tomatoes, ginger, mint, garlic, onion, chives, lemon grass, water melon, celery,
turmeric, chilly, lady finger, white pumpkin, coriander, cinnamon, sesames and cotton in their
gardens or farms. Banana, orange, lime, lemon, avocado, pine apple, papaya, tamarind, grape,
grapefruit, mango, cane, pear, and strawberry can be found in Dai gardens. Some people plant
many kind of flowers in their gardens too. Dai farmer cultivate the seed in the beginning of
monsoon period (the middle of April to June) and harvest the crops in the middle of October to
November. Traditional cultivation method is much depend on raining.
(b) Animal Husbandry
Mithan or gayal is the popular breeding animal in Dai land. Dai people used to breed their
mithans in the wild forest. Along with it you can see cow, buffalo, goat, pig, chicken and duck
in their fields or homes. Dog and cat are the domestic animals of Dai people.
(c) Economy
Generally Dai land is one of the most using remote mountainous land system (slashing or
shifting cultivation) that the least developed regions habitants by indigenous hill tribes of
Myanmar. Dai people earn livelihood by practicing of widely substances shifting cultivation
(Taung Ya) and a common farming for their daily food for them. Plantation and gardening are
only for their survival and diet food because there is no transportation systems and markets in
Dai land. Wild orchid searching and selling, among with it searching and selling of natural
faunas and floras are smuggling for getting the black incomes of some Dai people. There is a
few income generation for Dai people that is waving beautiful hand woven materials for
women and making attractive baskets and mats for men. Besides that Dai people get some
money by cultivation of castor seed, Polynesian arrow root (Tacca) and pumpkin seed.
Festivals, Ceremonies and Dances
Saak Thai Suuk Ei Cün (Thanksgiving days), Sang Leh (Winnowing festival), Pung Yu
( praying for blessing the seeds), Soot Su (praying for fruitful the crops), Khai Mdeh (the first
eating for new vegetables), Lung Süm (Stonehenge ceremony for monument), Im Kaai (new
home ceremony), Im Leh (engaging with bride’s parents), Ca Püm (wedding ceremony), Vok
Ng’yoh (giving material and mithans to birde’s parents), Phya Saak (go fishing), and Sa Haut
(hunting) are the most popular festivals and ceremonies.Within the traditional festival and
ceremony Dai people used to dance and sing songs.The most famous dacings are Püi Lam
Siing, Ak Noi Siin, Saat Siing, Keat Siing and Se Lu Siing.The local fluting songs are popular
among Dai people. There are Leng La, Pi Lim, Phi Phät, Khing Khäng.The musical intruments
are gongs, cymbals, flutes, drums, bamboo claps and so. Dai people used to sing folk songs
during ceremonies and everyday life.
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Villages
There are more than 170 villages in Dai land. Among them large villages are Kuiimnu,
Kaaimnu, Khengimnu, Khengsanu, Hmuntunu, Thaiimnu, Lungimnu, Dukimnu, Msangimnu,
Yangimnu, Bawisanu, Thounu, Hmukhimding, Khayaing, Chan Pyan, Ram Thein, Pyawh,
Hmang Taung, Madu and Masatui village and so on. There are more than 100 houses in large
villages and around 20 houses in small villages.

Judiciary System and Local Government

The former judiciary systems are decided by the head of each minority leader, shaman
(prophet) and village leader. Adultery case is the greatest crime for Dai people. If the judge
can not draw conclusion the case, the accused person or the complainant have to oath in
various methods in front of civilians. Previous time each group of tribe has their leaders and
only the governor leads his people. Recently the government system is in the hand of local
authority and their followers who are working under military government system. In Dai land
CNA (Chin National Army) collect the taxes from the civilians or villagers. Every year Dai
people have to give their taxes not only to the military government but also to the CNF( Chin
National Front).

“Dai people and Dai Land”

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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;”

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ajratmuf oH,HZmwrsm;udk a&mif;csjcif;omjzpfonf/

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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;”

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oma&;wGif 'dkifpmayudkwGifus,fpGm okH;pGJMuonf/ 'dkife,ftwGif; rSDwif;aexkdifMuoltcsKdUwdkUonf rdrdwdkUa&ajra'oESifhqufpyfvsuf
&Sdonfh bmompum;rsm;jzpfonfh rGef;?tlyl; (csif;ykH)? rwl ESifh Arm ponfhbmompum;rsm;udkvnf; okH;pGJEdlifonf/ 'dkifpmayzGHUNzdK;wdk;
wufa&;twGuf ,cktcgwGif 'dkif - t8Fvdyf tbd"gefudkxkwfa0&efjyifqifaeNyDjzpfonf/
ynma&;

'dkife,ftwGif; jrefrmppftpkd;&rS tajccHynmtv,fwef;ausmif;txdom tjrifhrm;qkH;zGifhvSpfay;cJUonf/ rlvwef;ausmif;rsm;

udk &GmpOftESHUeD;yg;zGifhvSpfay;aomvnf;pepfwusynmoifMum;EdlifrIr&Sdí uRrf;usifwwfajrmufrIr&Sday/wGJbuftxufwef;ausmif;
rsm;udk &GmBuD;tcsKdUwGifzGifhvSpfay;xm;onf/tajccHtxufwef;ynmoifMum;NyD;olrsm;rSm 'dkife,ftwGif; ta,mufaygif; (10000 )
0ef;usifcefU&Sdrnf[kcefUrSef;&onf/ a'otwGif; bGJU&&SdrIrSm ta,muf (1000) cefUom&Sdonf/ tjcm;ynma&;tjzpf &efukef?rEÅav;
ESifh tjcm;NrdKUBuD;rsm;wGifbmoma&;ausmif;rsm;wufa&mufNyD; bmoma&;bGJ&olrsm; ,cktcgtrsm;tjym;&SdNyDjzpfonf/ toufarG;
0rf;ausmif; oifwef;rsm;ESifh uGefjyLwm?tifwmeuf ponfhoifwef;rsm;rSm 'dkife,fwGifr&Sdyg/ ¤if;oifwef;rsm;udk NrdKUBuD;rsm;wGifom
wufa&mufEdklifonfhtwGuf a'o\ (99) &mcdkifEIef; jynfolvlxkrSm oifMum;wwfajrmufEdlifjcif;r&Sday/
usef;rma&;
'dkifa'o&GmBuD;rsm;wGif aus;vufusef;rma&;aq;ay;cef;tcsKdU&Sdaomfvnf; aq;0g;zlvkHrIr&Sdyg/ a'otwGif; uRrf;usifwwf
ajrmufonfh q&m0efwpfa,mufrQ r&Sday/ aq;bufqdkif&m 0efxrf;rsm;jzpfonfh usef;rma&;rI;? olemjyK?0rf;qGJponfwdkUtenf;t
usOf;&Sdaomfvnf; a'ovlESifh EdIif;,SOfvQif avmufiS rIr&Sdyg/ aq;0g;rsm;udk rdrdudk,fydkifaiGaMu;jzifhom 0,f,lokH;pGJMuonf/ tjzpft
rsm;qkH; a&m8grsm;rSm 0rf;ysuf0rf;avsm ?iSufzsm;?wkwfauG;a&m8grsm; ESifh tdkiftdk'if;qm;csKdUwJUrIaMumifhtjzpfrsm;aom vnfyif;BuD;
a&m8gponfwdkUonftjzpfrsm;onf/
vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&; ESifhtjcm;qufoG,fa&;
a'otwGif; vloGm;vrf;rsm; omaygufa&mufonf/ udk,fxludk,fx &GmpOfum;vrf;rsm;udkaus;&GmtcsKdUpkaygif;í azmufvkyfMu
onf/ a'otwGif; wpf&GmrSwpf&Gm (odkUr[kwf) a'owpfckrSwpfckodkU ajcusifjzifhomoGm;vmMuonf/ xdkUjyi fa'otwGif; enf;ynm
&yfqdkif&m qufoG,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;jzpfonfh tifwmeuf?zkef;?aMu;eef;?zufpf ponfwdkUrSmwpfckrQr&Sdyg/ 'dkifa'oudk jrefrmUppftpdk;&
u rodaus;uRefjyKxm;í qufoG,fa&;qdkif&m wdk;wufzGUHNzdK;atmif rnfonfht&mrQjyKvkyfay;jcif;r&Sdyg/
obm0aygufyifrsm;
'dkifa'otwGif;obm0tavsmuf aygufa&muf&SifoefMuonfh opfyifyef;rmefrsm;rSm rsKd;pdyfaygif; (1000 ) ausmfcefU&Sdrnfjzpf
onf/ xif;&I;?uRef;?ydawmuf?ysOf;uwdk;?tif?unif?vufyH?opft,f?cs,f&D?awmifZvyfponfhopfyifBuD;rsm;tjyif tjcm;opfyifBuD;
rsm;vnf;tajrmuftrsm;aygufa&mufonf/ aq;zuf0ifEG,fjrpfopfyifrsm;vnf;pkHvifpGmaygufa&mufonf/ 0g;awmrsm;rSm'dkifa'\
ig;ykH ESpfykHudkvTrf;rdk;xm;onf/ ¤if;0g;awmrsm;udk “'dkif0g;” [kvnf;wGifus,fpGmac:a0:Muonf/ 'dkifa'oonfcsif;jynfe,f\tBuD;
rm;qkH; opfawmrsm;&Sifoefaygufa&muf&m wpfckwnf;aoma'ojzpfonf/
11
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;”
&dk;&mtpm;tpmrsm;
'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;onf rdrdwdkU&dk;&myGJawmfrsm;ESifh tjcm;aomyGJvrf;obifrsm;tm;vkH;rdrdwdkU\&dk;&mtpm;tpmrsm;udk csufjyKwf
auR;arG; {nfhcHavh&SdMuonf/ jym[if;ac: (Guuk Booi) rSmxif&Sm;aom&kd;&m[if;wpfrsKd;jzpfonf/ ¤if;[if;csuf&mwGift"duyg
0ifaom ypönf;rSm iSufaysmyif\ jym (odkUr[kwf) tjcm;opfyifwpfrsKd;rsKd;\jymudkppfí&&Sdvmaom t&nfjzifh csufjyKwfjcif;jzpfonf/
jym[if;jzihfvdkufzufaomtpm;tpmrSm csOfaygif;[if;&nfjzpfonf/ tjcm;xif&Sm;aomtpm;tpmrSm cdkifyJUac: aumufnSif;rkefUzuf
xkyfjyKvkyfjcif;jzpfonf/ yGJawmfrsm;ESifh aumufopfpm;yGJac: pyg;&dwfodrf;yGJrsm;wGif rkefUzufxkyfrsm;udk tajrmuftrsm;jyKvkyfMuNyD;
vma&mufaomtdrfeD;csif;{nfhonfrsm;udk a0iSavh&Sdonf/ [if;cwftarT;tBudKifrsm;tjzpf qEGif;? 8sif;? MuufoGef (awmMuufoGef)?
yifpdrf;&Guf?&myef;ndKac: vkH;cGD ESifh i&kwfoD;rsm;udk trsm;qkH;tokH;jyKMuonf/ 0g;usnfawmufrsm;twGif; tom;?ig;rsm;udk xnfh
oGif;csufjyKwfjcif; (Yaw Lai) onfvnf;cHwGif;Nrdefapaom &dk;&mcsufjyKwfenf;jzpfonf/
0wfpm;qif,ifrx
I Hk;pHrsm;
'dkifvlrsKd;rsm;onf rdrdwdkUa'otwGif; rdrdwdkUpdkufysKd;xkwv
f kyfaom vuf,uf0g8Grf;xnfrsm;udk tjrwfwEdk;wefzdk;xm; 0wfqifMu
onf/ trsKd;orD;rsm;twGuf zsmef;? iSD;vnf?&dpmayguf?&dpm;qJif ESifh trsKd;om;rsm;twGufrlzsmef;? &dpm;qJif ponfwdkUudk,ufvkyf0if
qifMuonf/ ,cifutrsKd;om;rsm;onf Khyu udk0wfqifrIrsm;&SdcJUonf/ trsKd;orD;rsm;onf yGDapmif;(cg;ywf)? rdk;ac: ykwD;rsm;udk
,aeUxufwdkif 0ifqiftokH;jyKMuonf/ rsufESmrsm;udk ,cifuy&Jac: yg;rJrsm;xkd;xm;aomaMumifh vdrf;cs,fjyifqifrIr&Sdyg/ ,aeU
acwfvkHrysKdrsm;rSmrl oeyfcg;?rdwfuyf ponfhtvSjyifypönf;rsm;udk tokH;jyKvmMuonf/ 'dkife,ftwGif; udk,fwdkif,ufvkyf0wfqif
aomvuf,ufuef;rsm;rSm tqifhtwef;ESifht&nftaoG;jrifhrm;rI ,aeUxufwdkif&SdqJjzpfonf/ tdrfwGif;okH; NcHKapmifrsm;udkvnf; rd
rdwdkUudk,fwdkif ,ufvkyftokH;jyKMuonf/
obm0ygwf0ef;usifysufokef;rI
'dkifa'o\ t"durd&dk;zvm &dk;&mawmif,mckwfjcif;vkyfief;aMumifh opfawmrsm;ESpfpOf ajrmufrsm;pGmqkH;&IH;ysufpD;&onf/ awmif
,mckwfjcif;onf opfawm?0g;awmrsm;udk ckwfvSJ rD;&IdUjcif;jzpfí t"duopfawmjyKef;wD;rI\ taMumif;t&if;wpf&yfjzpfonf/ opfcG
yef;&dkif;rsm; (a'o&if; opfcGrsm;) &SmazGjcif;onfvnf; opfawm?opfyifrsm;udk xdcdkufysufpD;aponf/ xkdUjyif a'o\tzdk;wefobm
0tvSw&m;udk zsufpD;jcif;vnf;jzpfonf/ xif;&I;rsm;udk tqDxkwfjcif;? rD;arT;&eftwGuf tokH;jyKckwfvSJjcif;onfvnf; xif;&I;awm
rsm;udkzsufpD;jcif;jzpfonf/ jrefrmUppftpkd;&\ EdlifiHjcm;0ifaiG&&Sda&;twGufopfawmrsm;udk ckwfxGifa&mif;csjcif;onfvnf; a'ot
wGif; &Sda8[pepfudk rsm;pGmzsufpD;epfemaponf/ tjcm;ajray:? ajratmufoH,HZmwrsm;? opfawmxGufypönf;rsm;udk tvkH;t&if;
jzihf&SmazGa&mif;csjcif;? obm0om;&dkif;wd&pämefrsm;udk pD;yGg;a&;wGuf zrf;qD;owfjzwfa&mif;csjcif;rsm;onf vuf&Sd 'dkife,fwGifBuHK
awGU&ifqdkifae&aom obm0ygwf0ef;usifqdik f&m qkH;&IH;epfemrIrsm;jzpfonf/
tpdk;&tkyfcsKyfrq
I dkif&m,EÅ,m;
'dkifa'oonf ,cifuvGwfvyfpGmwnf&SdcJUonf udk,fykdifa'owpfckjzpfaomfvnf; t8Fvdyftpkd;&pGefUcGgNyD; aemuf jrefrmEdlifiHvGwf
vyfa&;&&Sdvmuwnf; urdrdwdkUudk,fydkifa'udk NrdKUe,fav;NrdKUe,ftwGif; xnfhoGif;tkyfcsKyfjcif;cHcJU&onf/ xkdNrdKUe,fav;NrdKUe,ft
wGif;xnfhoGif; tkyfcsKyfjcif;wdkUaMumifh 'dkifvlrsKd;rsm;udk 'dkif[kac:qdk&rnfhtpm;uefyufvuf 'dkif? rif;wyf 'dkif? rwlyD'dkif ESifh yvuf0'dkif
[kac:a0:jcif; ,aeUwdkifcHae&onf/ xdkodkUac:a0:okH;pGJjcif;onf 'dkifvlrsKd;pkrsm;udk aoG;cGJjcif;jzpfonf/ csif;jynfe,ftwGif;aexdkif
onfhvlOD;a&;pm&if;rsm;t& 'dkifvlrsKd;pkrsm;onf pkpkaygif;csif;vlrsKd;OD;a&\ 10 ykHwpfykHcefU&Sdaomfvnf; rdrda'otwGif; udk,fykdifNrdKU?
udk,fydkif txufwef;ausmif;?aq;&kH r&Sdyg/ csif;jynfe,f\ tBuD;rm;qkH;opfawmonf 'dkifa'otwGif;üomwnf&Sdonf/ jrefrmUppf
tpdk;& tkyfcsKyfjcif;aMumifh 'dkifvlrsKd;pkrsm; ynmwwfrsm;r&Sdatmif ynma&;tajctaetvGeftrif;edrfUusvsuf&Sdonf/ 'dkifa'o
twGif; tpkd;&rSwm0ef,lazmufvkyfay;aom vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;\ tajccHum;vrf;yifr&Sdyg/ tjcm;qufoG,fa&;vkyfief;rsm;jzpf
onfh aMu;eef;? pmwdkuf? zkef;? tifwmeuf paomtajccHvlrI0efaqmifrIvkyfief;rsm; wpfckrSwnfaqmuf wyfqifay;jcif;r&Sdyg/ xdkU
aMumifh 'dkifa'oonfjrefrmjynf\ wdk;wufrItaES;auG;qkH; ESifh zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrItenf;qkH;tajctaeodkU a&muf&Sdae&onf/
12
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;”
awm&dkif;wd&dpämefrsm;
'dkife,ftwGif;rSDwif;aexdkifMuonf awm&dkif;wd&dpämefrsm;rSm qif? usm;? usm;opf? 0uf0H? awm0uf? qwf? ajymif? pdkif? *sD? arsmuf?
0HykavG?ajracG;?jzL?oif;acGcsyf?zsH?awmaMumif?a>rtrsKd;rsKd;?vif;&I;?awmMuuf? a'gif;?&pf ponfwdkUjzpfMuonf/ xdkUjyif iSufrsKd;EG,f
pdwfaygif; wpf&mausmfudkvnf;'dkife,ftwGif; awGU&Sd&onf/ xif&Sm;aomiSufrsm;rSm 'dkifvlrsKd;wdkU\&dk;&moauFwiSufjzpfaom ckrf;
(Drongo)? csif;vlrsKd;rsm;\awmf0ifiSufjzpfaom atmufcsif;iSuf(Hornbill)? ZmrPDiSuf(Vaang Voo) ponfwdkUjzpfonf/a'ot
ac: ta0:t&yif 'dkife,f twGif; iSuftrnfaygif; wpf&mausmf &Sdonf/ jrpf?acsmif;rsm; wGif ig;?ykZGef?uPef;?vdyf?zm; ponfh a&ae
owÅ0grsm; udkvnf;tpkHtvifawGU&Sd&onf/
w&m;pD&ifa&;qdkif&mESifh a'oEÅm&tkyfcsKyfa&;

'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;onf w&m;pD&ifa&;qdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;udk ,cifu rsKd;EG,fpkacgif;aqmifrsm;? ewfyqef;q&mrsm;ESifh aus;&Gm

acgif;aqmifrsm;uom pD&ifqkH;jzwfcJUMuonf/ olUwyg; om;r,m;jypfrSm;rIonf 'dkifvlrsKd;wdkUtwGuf tBuD;rm;qkH;aom jypfrIjzpf
onf/ tu,fí w&m;pD&ifqkH;jzwf&mwGif w&m;olBuD;rsm;rS qkH;jzwfEdlifjcif;r&Sdygu &dk;&mxkH;wrf;pOfvmt& trsm;a&SUarSmufwGif
usrf;opömusdrfqdk&onf/ w&m;vdk odkUr[kwf w&m;cH wOD;OD;rS usrf;usdrfqdkEdlifonf/ ,cifu vlrsKd;pk\tBuD;tuJ odkUr[kwf acgif;
aqmifrsm;rS rdrdvlrsKd;ta&;udpörsm;twGuf OD;pD;OD;aqmifjyKavh&SdcJUonf/ ,cktcsdefwGif w&m;pD&ifa&;qdkif&mudpö&yfrsm;udk a'o
wm0efcHrsm;? jrefrmppftpdk;&vufatmufwGifwm0efxrf;aqmifaomolrsm;rS pDrHcefUcGJqkH;jzwfaqmif&Gufonf/ 'dkife,fa'otrsm;pk
wGif CNF ppfom;rsm;u aus;&GmvlxkxH tcGefaumufcHMuonf/ xdkUaMumif'dkifvlxktaejzifh ppftpdk;&ESifh CNF ESpfbufpvkH;udkESpf
pOf tcGefay;aqmif&onf/
&dk;&myGJawmfrsm;
'dkifvlrsKd;rsm;\ &dk;&myGJawmfrsm;rSm Saak Thai Suuk Ei Cün (aumufopfpm;yGJ)? Sang Leih (pyg;avSUyGJ)? Pung Yu (rsKd;aph
rsm;aumif;BuD;ay;yGJ)? Soot Su (toD;tESHatmifjrif&eftwGufqkawmif;yGJ)? Khai m’deh ( tOD;ajymif;? [if;oD;[if;&Guf?opfoD;
0vH pm;aomufyGJ)? Lung Süm(ausmufjyifcsDyGJESifhEGm;aemufowfyGJ)? Im Kaai (tdrfopfwufyGJ)? Im leh (owdkUorD;rdbrsm;ESifh aph
pyfyGJ)? Ca Püm (r8FvmyGJ)? Vok Ng’yoh (0wfowfyGJ odkU ESpfbufrdbrsm;rS r8FvmaMu;ay;yGJ)? Pyah Saak (pkaygif;ig;&SmyGJ)? ESifh
Sa Haut (pkaygif;trJvdkufyGJ) wdkUonf xif&Sm;aom &dk;&myGJrsm;jzpfonf/ xdkyGJawmfrsm;wGif 'dkifvlrsKd;rsm;onf &dk;&mtursm;jzifhazsmf
ajzwifqufavh&Sdonf/xif&Sm;aom&dk;&mtursm;rSm Püi Lam Siing(ol&Jaumif;tu)? Ak Noi Siing( pkaygif;tu)?Saak Siing,
Keat Siing ESifh Se Lu Siing tuwdkUjzpfMuonf/ &kD;&mykavG oDusL;jcif;rsm;rSm 'dkifvlrsKd;EG,fpkrsm;twGif;xif&Sm;onf/ ESmacgif;
jzifhrIwfaom Leng La ( 0g;ykavG&Snf) rSm 'dkife,ftwGif;tvGefxif&Sm;onf/ tjcm; vlodrsm;aom ykavGrsm;rSm Pi Lim ESifh Phi
Phät wkdUjzpfMuonf/ 0g;jzifhjyKvkyfí wD;&aom Khing Khäng udkvnf; aus;vufrsm;wGifwD;cwfavh&SdMuonf/ &dk;&mwl&d,mrsm;
rSm armif;trsKd;rsKd;?vifuGef;?0g;ykavGtrsKd;rsKd;?AkH?0g;vufckyf ponfwdkUjzpfMuonf/ 'dkifvlrsKd;rsm;onf &dk;&myGJawmfrsm;twGif; aus;
vuf &dk;&m uAsm?vumFESifh oDcsif;rsm;udk tjyeftvSef oDqdkMuonf/ oDcsif;rsm;oDqdk&mwGif trsm;tm;jzifh vufwef;oDqdkrI jyKvkyf
EdlifMuonf/
&moDOwk
'dkifa'owGif &moDOwkokH;rsKd;&Sdonf/ ¤if;wdkUrSm aEG&moD?rdk;&moD ESifh aqmif;&moDwdkUjzpfMuonf/ 'dkifa'oonf orydkif;ZHk&moDO
wktrsKd;tpm; ydkifqdkifonf/ ysOf;rQtylcsdefrSm 5 'D8&DpifwD8&dwfrS 20 'D8&DpifwD8&dwftwGif;&Sdonf/ rkefokefrdk;rsm;onf arvaESmif;
ydkif;rSpwif0ifa&mufvmNyD; atmufwdkbmvaESmif;ydkif;wGif tqkH;owfonf/ aqmif;&moDrSm Edk0ifbmvrS azazmf0g&D vv,ftxdjzpf
onf/ aEGOwkwGif orydkif;ZkHjzpfonfhtavsmuf tyl'Pfudkjyif;xefpGmrcHpm;&yJ aumif;rGefpGmaexdkifoGm;vm vkyfudkifEdlifonf/ aEGum
vrSm azazmf0g&DvaESmif;ydkif;rS arvukeftxdjzpfonf/ rdk;OwkwGif trsm;tjzifh a'otac:ta0: rdIif;ac: jrLrIefrsm;tESHtjym;us
a&mufonf/ aqmif;Owkonf obm0&Icif;rsm;udk taumif;qkH; &Ipm;Edlifaom tcsdefcgor,jzpfonf/
('dkifvlrsKd;ordkif;&SmazGa&;aumfrwD)
13
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Pastor Kee Thang Rev.Shwe Key Willie Lyan Zune

Advisor Advisor Advisor

Peter Kee Choi

Chairman

Steven Aung Ling

Vice Chairman

Dominique Thet Saw

Secretary General

Accountant Clement Bumana Joseph Thang Ling Thang

Chon Thang Coordinator Auditor Treasurer

Shwe Shen Y.P Moe Aung

Assistant Auditor(1) Assistant Auditor(2)

Gregory Victor Mal Moses

Thung Lung Hung Choi Mana Thein Ester Tul Zul Hung Mana
Aung Thang Swam Thang

Resettlement Program Health & Safety Program Social & Relligious Program Women & Children Program

‘DCM Executive Committee Members for 2008’ 14

 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“Building the best societies”

Religious Groups

Other Refugee Chin Refugee

Organizations Organizations

Recognized Asylum - seekers

refugees

International
Citizens
Dai Societies

Unrecognized Women
refugees &
Children

Detention Camps
Police
& Prisons

RELA &
Immigration

Dai Community Structure and Relationship with UNHCR, NGOs and others

15
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“Coordination and Cooperation is very essential for Dai Refugees”

For developing all

aspects of
Dai Refugees

NGOs
& Dai Refugees
Religious Groups

Dai refugees really need the help of UNHCR, NGOs and Religious Groups

Chin refugees are waiting for UNHCR registration at Cheras, KL

16
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Chin Land
Location:
The Chin land locates in Southeast Asia and lies between the longitude 92.15ºE and Chin
land 97º E, and in between the latitude 18ºN and 27.30ºN. Bangladesh is to its Southwest,
Manipur State of India is to its Northwest, China is to its North, Burma is to its East, and
Arakan is to its South.
Geographical Features:
With an area of circa 36000 square kilometres, the present day Chinland - a mountainous
landscape stretching along the present day Indo-Burma border - is slightly smaller than Swit-
zerland. Chinland is rich in natural flora (orchids etc) and fauna (Elephant, Tiger, Bear, Wild
Boar, Various kinds of monkeys, barking deer, wild goat and various kinds of birds) and
alpine flora is very common in the country.
The highest mountain in Chinland is Khawnutum (Mount Victoria). The biggest river in
Chinland is known as Kaladan river. The biggest lake is called Rih Lake.

Climate:
Chin land has a mild hot wet climate. April and May are the hottest months of the year
where average temperatures of the months range from 60º F (15.5º C) to 80º (21º C).
Average temperature in the cold seasons is below 40º F (4.4º C). In the cold seasons,
temperatures fall as low as freezing point of water in the higher parts of mountains.
Average annual rainfall is 80 – 120 inches. The Southern part of Chinland gets more due to
the storms come from Bay of Bengal.
Population:
The population of the present Chin state (in Burma) is circa half million. And the Chin
People inhabiting in Chin land and its territories are approximately one and half million.
People:
The Chins are of the Mongoloid race and descended from central China southwards and
settled in the present Chin land. The Chins are composed with several tribes such as: Asho
tribe, Cho Tribe, Dai Tribe, Khumi Tribe, Kuki Tribe, Laimi Tribe, Lushai Tribe , Zomi
Tribe, and so on.

National Symbols:
Hornbill, Mythun or Gayal, and Rhododendron are national symbols of the Chins.

Famous Natural Features:

Highest Mountain Khawnutuam (Mt. Victoria)Biggest River Kaladam River Biggest Lake
Rih Lake.
Religions in Chinland:
Christian over 70% of the population Buddhist, animist and others about 30%.
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Culture and language:

As Chin land is endowed by many dales and hills as well as enriched by various floras and
faunas, the culture and literature of the Chins are also diverse and rich though embedded in
a single domain (or) ascended from a single domain, the Chin.
There are no fundamental differences in Chin language and cultures, however, the Chins
have minor differences in their language and culture to suit different environments accepting
them as verities of tradition and as the richness of Chin literature and culture.
The Chins are rich in folk tales, folk dances, folk music, as well as musical instruments.
The Chin cultural heritages are preserved, maintained, and transformed from one generation
to another by oral history before the Chins have writing system in early 1900s. The arrival of
Christian missionaries in early 1900s, again, enhanced the culture and language of the Chins
into a more sophisticate ways. Today, over seventy percent of the Chins are Christians but
some minorities of the Chins are also devotees of Buddhism, Traditional Chin religion, and
others.
The Chin language descended from Tibeto-Burman language domain. However, each
tribal group speaks its own dialect, but Burmese is widely used in Chin land due to Burmani-
zation of military regime for over five decades. The Chins are known as honest, tolerant,
brave, and religious people. This distinctness of language and culture indicate that the Chins
are one of the indigenous peoples in their own land.

Representing the local names of administrative townships in Chin State and their languages

Tonzang Teddim Falam Hakha Thanglang Matupi Mindat Kanpetlet Paletwa

Thado Sizang Falam Lai Matu Moon Ya Khami

Zo Ngawn Zokhua Zotung Makaan Uk pu (Chin Bon)

Paite Laizo Mie Zophei Daai

Teizang Zanniat Senthang Lautu Cho Khasi

Hualngo(Mizzo) Thwar Mara Hniktu Khamui

Dim, Ngawn Khualsim Amlai Myo

Khuano, Losau Zahau Tamang Laitu

Vangteh Tapong Wumtu Khumi

Guite Sim Mirum Khuangsu

Val Bualkhua

Saizang Taisun

Phaileeng Lente

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Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
The map of Chin State (1)

19
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

The map of Chin State (2)

20
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Myanmar Map (1)

21
Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Myanmar Map (2)

22
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together
Chin tribes list in Malaysia
There are 53 Chin tribes in Myanmar. Each indigenous group has its own language and culture. Here
are some Chin tribes lists and that people are living in Malaysia as refugee status.

1. Chin, Asho
2. Chin, Bawm
3. Chin, Bualkhaw
4. Chin, Chinbon
5. Chin, Dai
6. Chin, Falam(Zanniat)
7. Chin, Lai(Hakha)
8. Chin, Khumi
9. Chin, Khumi Awa
10.Chin, Mara
11.Chin, Mro
12.Chin, Mün
13.Chin, Ngawn
14.Chin, Paite
15.Chin, Senthang
16.Chin, Siyin(Sizang)
17.Chin,Thwar
18.Chin,Tedim
19.Chin,Thado
20.Chin, Zotung
21.Chin, Mizo(Lushay)
22.Chin, Meitei
23.Chin, Thado
24.Chin, Zophei
25.Chin, Zo
26.Chin, Matu
27.Chin, Lautu
28.Chin, Laymyo
29.Chin, Ya
30.Chin, Guite
31.Chin, Mie
32.Chin, Mirum
33.Chin, Paite
34.Chin, Phaileeng
35.Chin,Val
36.Chin, Saizang
37.Chin,Teizang
38.Chin,Vangteh
39.Chin, Losau
40.Chin, Dim
41.Chin, Makaan
42.Chin, Zokhua

Traditional Chin Photos 23

Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

The daily live pictures of Dai Land 24

Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

Activities of DCM 25
 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

‘Activities of Victoria Childcare Center’

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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

‘Southern Chin tribe women faced tattoos and traditional costume Chin men’
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
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Dai Villages List and Population for New Registration to UNHCR

No. Village Name Population Contact Address Mark

1. Kha Yaing (Group) 22 Dai Community

2. Chaung Yaing 15

3. Phon Im 2

4. Lung Imnu (Group) 7

5. Pyawh 5

6. Tin Pon Kyin 1

7. Auk Yin (Group) 11

8. Paam Taung 6

9. Mhuh Chain Ding (Group) 11

10. Shein Baung 8

11. Ngsaung 1

12. Khanang (Groups) 11

13. Yaam Se 3

14. Chaung Mu (Groups) 2

15. Mana Yin 6

16. Kaiimnu (Groups) 6

17. Madata 2

18. Khin Phoung (Groups) 20

19. Shung Tui 15

20. Kaim (Groups) 10

21. Auk Cheng (Groups) 24

22. Cheng Imnu 38

23. Rup Duk (Groups) 24

24. Loi Ta 14

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No. Village Name Population Contact Address Mark

25. Duk (Groups) 29 Dai Community

26. Tui Li 12

27. Msangimnu (Groups) 22

28. Ma Aung 4

29. Ban Toi (Groups) 12

30. Hlih Yin 9

31. Phui Soung 6

32. Kuiimnu (Groups) 17

33. Kyung Long 12

34. Thein Pyong 10

35. Madaimnu (Groups) 5

36. Thaiimnu 20

37. Hlim Ma Sang 8

38. Nung Htai 5

39. Thing Kong 3

40. Lung Tu 6

41. Hmuntanu 7

42. Chan Pyan 19

43. Har Tu 16

44. Ma Du 4

45. Mi Tu 4

46. Kawi Ca 2

47. Vui Lu 6

48. Boi Du 1

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 Dai Community in Malaysia
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No. Village Name Population Contact Address Mark

49. Rein 1 Dai Community

50. Kheng Ca 3

51. Thung Na 1

52. Mara Ro 1

53 Thung Tui 1

54. Pam Tui 1

55. Mashwe 5

56. Kha Shi (Duk Groups) 4

57. Kyawh Daw 2

58. Kyein Dway 5

59. Hmang Taung 1

60. Leih Ca 3

61. Masatui 1

62. Om Shwi 5

63. Uk Phou 5

Total population 542

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 Dai Community in Malaysia
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
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 Dai Community in Malaysia
Hearts, Heads and Hands Together

“Our Organization and Structure”

‘DCM Leaders’
‘Teacher Training by the help of ACTS’

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NGOs rsm;ESifh bmoma&;qdkif&m ulnDrIrsm;

2008 -2009 ckESpftwGif; tultnD&&SdrIrSm tvGefenf;yg;aomvnf; 2009 –2010 ckESpfwGif arQmfvifh

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