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Schematic representation of two magnetic poles of opposite polarity, and the magnetic field between them shown as lines of force.
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Schematic representation of two north poles, and the magnetic field between them. South poles will create similar field patterns, but the lines of force will point toward the poles. 6/2005 4

Schematic representation of a magnetic field created by the flow of current in a conductor

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Schematic representation of a magnetic field produced by the flow of electric current in a coil-shaped conductor
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The flow of electrons inside a conductor material, for example, copper.

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 Red = North pole Green = South pole Opposite polarities attract

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DC Generator

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Alternating Current (AC)

Current is constantly changing in magnitude and direction at regular intervals Current is a function of time and usually varies as a sine function
I t

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Revolving Armature
(Low Power/Voltage)

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Revolving Field

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3 Phase

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Salient pole three phase synchronous generator

Finish

Phase Winding N
Start Start

Stator of synchronous Generator

Finish

S
Start

Finish

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Cylindrical rotor synchronous generator

Stator Winding
Finish

Start

Start

Rotor winding fed with D.C. current Stator of synchronous Generator

Finish

Finish

Start

Rotor
15

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Flemings Right Hand Rule for generator

MOT (of co ION nduct or)

FIE

LD

NT E R UR

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Three phase voltages produced by the salient pole generator

Time : t = 0 Red phase = 0 V Yellow Phase = -86.6 V Blue Phase = +86.6 V

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Three phase voltages produced by the salient pole generator

Time : t = 30 Sec Red phase = 50 V Yellow Phase = - 100 V Blue Phase = + 50 V

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Three phase voltages produced by a 4-pole salient pole synchronous generator

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Time : t = 120 Red phase = +86.6 V Yellow Phase = 0 V Blue Phase = -86.6 V
19

Three phase voltages produced by a 4-pole salient pole synchronous generator

N S

Time : t = 360 Red phase = 0 V Yellow Phase = -86.6 V Blue Phase = +86.6 V
20

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4-pole cylindrical rotor synchronous generator

Stator

Winding

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Rotor winding

21

Three Phase
1.5000

1.0000

0.5000

0.0000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Sine Sine + 120 Sine + 240

-0.5000

-1.0000

-1.5000 6/2005

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Cut-Away View of a Synchronous Machine

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Four Pole Synchronous Machines: (a) with Salient-Pole Rotor, (b) with Cylindrical Rotor having three Coils per Pole
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Developed view of a four-pole stator, showing 31 the slots, the poles, and a section of the winding.

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32