Gargee Chavan Roll no- 608

Since

the piston of a 2 stroke engine cannot carry out the pumping action, a separate pumping mechanism called SCAVENGING PUMP is needed to supply scavenging air to the cylinder. performance of the 2 stroke engine largely depends upon the characteristics of the scavenging pump.

The

2s- 4s cycle engine must have a blower to fill the cylinder with fresh air at a pressure above the atmospheric pressure, before the compression event starts. Basically the function of a scavenging blower is to deliver large volume of air at a low pressure.

The

2 main types of scavenging blowers are as follows-

DISPLACEMENT BLOWERBLOWER-

usually gear driven directly by the engine.

CENTRIFUGAL

usually driven by an exhaust gas turbine

 There

are two types of displacement blowers-

CRANKCASE

COMPRESSION BLOWER ROOT BLOWER

 The

area below the piston ,the charging pump known as crankcase blower. A crankcase blower is generally used in smaller engines (up to 50kW per cylinder) Its used in both SI gas engines and CI oil engines The volumetric efficiency of such a pump is low (about 55-65%) due to presence of a large dead space in the crankcase.

 In

crankcase scavenging pump , the crank case compression of air (in CI engine)or air fuel mixture (in SI engine) accrues in the crankcase. The medium is introduced at atmospheric pressure into the space below the piston through a one way valve. The power stroke of the piston compresses the medium as well as pushes the compressed medium through an inlet port into the combustion chamber.

 Its

designed for efficient diesel operation. It supplies fresh air for combustion and scavenging. The air volume needed for the engine to perform scavenging is about 40 times greater than the cylinder volume. The location of the blower on the engine depends on the cylinder arrangement.

A Roots blower with twolobed rotors. Most real Roots blowers' rotors have three or four lobes. Key: 1 Rotary vane 1 2. Pump body 3. Rotary vane 2 a. Intake b. Pumping c. Forced air or air-fuel mixture into intake manifold

 The

operation of the blower is similar to that of a gear-type pump. Two hollow 3lobe rotors revolve in opposite directions When the rotors turn, air is drawn in the space between the lobes at the inlet, is trapped, and is carried around to the discharge side. The meshing lobes at the discharge side force the air out of the lobe pockets and into the air box, where the air is then available for use. The sides of the lobes are helical surfaces in order to give uniform motion and to reduce air noise

It is preferred for large and high output engines With the centrifugal pump mass flow rate is highly influenced by the engine and exhaust system resistance. Thus scavenging with this pump is satisfactory provided the resistance of flow system is not sharply affected by carbon deposits in the ports, restricted exhausts or by long exhaust piping which may develop adverse pressure waves at certain speeds

 Engines

equipped with centrifugal scavenging pumps will be more sensitive to the effect of pressure waves in the inlet and exhaust system than those equipped with displacement pumps, as in latter case the quantity of air flowing through the pump is not seriously affected by pump discharge pressure.