Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI TP ON IN LC VIT NAM CNG TY TRUYN TI IN 1

QUY TRNH VN HNH H THNG MY TNH IU KHIN V GIM ST HMI TRM BIN P 500KV THNG TN

Bin son Tr.P k thut Ph Gim c

: : : :

Nguyn Huy Thng Kiu Vn Minh Nguyn Hu Long V Ngc Minh

Thng tn, thng 03 nm 2007

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

TP ON IN LC VIT NAM

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

CTY TRUYN TI IN 1 ---------------------S 85 /QEVN-TT1-KTTr

c lp T Do Hnh Phc --------------------H ni, ngy 27 thng 03 nm 2007

GIM C CNG TY TRUYN TI IN 1 - Cn c vo quy phm qun l k thut cc nh my v li in - Cn c vo chc nng, quyn hn, nhim v v t chc ca Cng ty Truyn ti in 1. - Xt ngh ca ng trng phng K thut Cng ty Truyn ti in 1. QUYT NH iu 1 : Ban hnh km theo quyt nh ny Quy trnh vn hnh h thng my tnh iu khin v gim st HMI Trm bin p 500kV Thng tn iu 2 : Quy trnh ny p dng cho trm bin p 500kV Thng tn thuc Cng ty truyn ti in 1 qun l. iu 3 : Cc ng Trng, Ph phng K thut Cng ty, Trm trng, Trm ph, K thut vin, Nhn vin qun l vn hnh v sa cha Trm bin p 500kV Thng tn phi nm vng v thc hin quy trnh ny. iu 4 : Quy trnh ny c hiu lc k t ngy k. KT GIM C CNG TY TRUYN TI IN 1 Ph Gim c

V Ngc Minh

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

CHNG I TNG QUAN V H THNG IU KHIN V BO V TCH HP PACiS I. Gii thiu v h thng iu khin v bo v tch hp
Trong qu trnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc th vic p dng nhng thnh tu ca khoa hc k thut vo sn xut lun c u tin hng u. Ngnh in l xng sng ca nn kinh t lun i trc mt bc, v th vic p dng h thng iu khin v bo v tch hp ti nh my v trm bin pl iu tt yu. H thng iu khin v bo v tch hp gip cho ngi vn hnh trong qu trnh iu khin v gim st thng tin v thit b mt cch n gin v t hiu qu cao. Hn na h thng ny c thit k theo cc tiu chun quc t quy inh, c tnh cht m gip cho vic m rng, pht trin c tin hnh mt cch d dng hn. H thng iu khin v bo v tch hp PACiS (Protection, Automation and Control Intergrated Solution) ca cng ty AREVA p dng ti trm 500kV Thng Tn p ng c vi yu cu trong s pht trin ca x hi ni chung v ca nghnh in ni ring. PACiS Operator Interface (OI) l mt trong nhng thnh phn ca h thng iu khin v bo v tch hp PACiS. PACiS OI c nhim v iu khin (ra lnh), thu thp d liu, vn hnh h thng, cnh bo, lu tr d liu qu kh. Ngoi ra PACiS OI cn c chc nng qun l cu hnh h thng, to ra cc la chn cho vic qun l vn hnh ... thng qua cc cng c c trong PACiS l : - PACiS System Management Tool - SMT - PACiS System Configuration Editor - SCE - PACiS Equipment Simulator - ES. HMI - Human Machine Interface l mt trong nhng thnh phn ca PACiS OI. HMI gip cho ngi vn hnh c th iu khin, gim st thng tin v thit b thng qua cc cnh bo v s kin, lu tr d liu qu kh, in cc cnh bo, s kin ... Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI c vit ra vi mc ch cho ngi vn hnh c th hiu c bn v h thng PACiS v vn hnh HMI mt cch tt nht phc v cho cng tc vn hnh !

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

II. H thng in hnh ca MICOM - AREVA

1. Khi nim v h thng. 1.1 S pht trin ca h thng iu khin v t ng ha

Trong nhng nm 80 h thng iu khin t ng ha mi c hnh thnh do cn dng n gin - hay cn c gi l RTU (Remote Terminal Unit). Chc nng chnh ca n ch t mc hin th thng tin v thit b v thc hin cc thao tc iu khin n gin, cha c tnh t ng ha. Vo nhng nm 90 h thng iu khin, t ng ha pht trin khng ch dng li vic hin th thng tin v thit b m cn kt hp c c vic iu khin v bo v. Tuy nhin h thng c lin kt da trn c s l mng Ethernet s dng giao thc truyn thng ring l hoc c lin kt da trn c s l RS485 s dng giao thc truyn thng T103-DNP3 nn tc ca h thng ny chm. n nhng nm 2000 th vic p dng mng Enthernet chun, s dng giao thc truyn thng UCA/IEC61850 lm cho tc ca h thng c nng ln rt nhiu (100Mbs). Ngoi ra vic thit k h thng t chun gip cho vic m rng h thng hay nng cp c tin hnh mt cch n gin.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI 1.2 nh ngha v h thng. H thng l mt tp hp cc thit b vi cc chc nng khc nhau c lin kt vi nhau theo mt nguyn tc chung thc hin mt mc ch no . H thng bao gm: - Cu hnh h thng. - Giao thc truyn thng.

Cu hnh h thng y c hiu bao gm cu trc lin kt ca h thng (Topology) - tng hp ca cc lin kt, cu trc ca ng truyn trao i thng tin (Bus) v cc thit b c kt ni vo h thng. - Cu trc Bus ca h thng ny theo kiu mch vng (Ring). - Topology trong h thng ny c th c hiu l cch sp xp, t chc v mt vt l ca mng, nhng cng c th l cch sp xp logic ca nt mng, cch nh ngha v t chc logic cc mi lin kt gia cc nt mng. - Cc thit b c kt ni vo h thng ny bao gm: + OI : l mt PC-Computer c s dng cc chng trnh phn mm giao tip vi cc thit b thng qua mng. + GTW : l thit b c ci t phn mm c chc nng lin kt h thng mng vi h thng SCADA.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + BCU : l my tnh ngn l (Bay Computer Unit) c kh nng th hin y cc thng tin ca ngn l v ng thi l ni truyn i cc tn hiu iu khin ti cc thit b. + IED : L cc thit b in t thng minh (Intelligent Electronic Devices) c nhng chc nng c bit khc nhau. Trong h thng in c th hiu y l cc Relay bo v ca cc ngn l. + I/Os : L cc u vo ra ca BCU. l cc u vo ra c a trc tip t my tnh ngn l ti cc thit b iu khin my tnh ngn l c th nm c ton b thng tin v thit b trong ngn l ca mnh v ng thi cng c th a ra cc lnh iu khin trc tip ti cc thit b trong ngn l. Giao thc truyn thng c hiu l mt cc cch thc no - c tun theo chun - cc thit b c th giao tip c vi nhau. Trong h thng mng ny c 3 cch thc giao tip l : - SBUS : Station Bus - L ng truyn trao i thng tin trong mng Enthernet s dng giao thc UCA 2 (Utility Communication Architecture) do hc vin nghin cu v h thng in ca M (EPRIElectric Power Research Institute) pht trin t nm 1988 v c xut bn (Published) bi hip hi cc k s in v in t IEEE (the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) chuyn dng cho cc h thng t ng ha v iu khin t ng trong nghnh in vo nm 1999 v n nm gia nm 2000 th UCA 2 p ng c mt s chun trong IEC 61850. - TBUS : Tele Control Bus - L ng truyn trao i thng tin gia mng Enthernet v mng SCADA c th s dng cc giao thc tun theo cc chun sau : IEC 60870-5-101, GI74, DNP3. - LBUS : Legency Bus - L ng truyn trao i thng tin gia BCU v cc IEDs c th s dng giao thc tun theo cc chun sau : T103, T101, DNP3. 1.3 Cc chc nng chnh ca h thng. - Supervision : Chc nng gim st - chc nng gim st c th hin thng qua giao din ngi my HMI chi tit c th i vi tng ngn l hay l tng th c h thng, hoc cng c th in ra th t cc s kin, qun l cc truy cp, lu tr cc thng tin bo co, qun l v xem cc cnh bo, to ra ting chung ci khi c cnh bo, in ra cc cnh bo.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI - Control : Chc nng iu khin - Chc nng ny c th hin bng vic iu khin cc thit b (ch c thc hin nu cc iu kin lin kt bng logic tha mn Interlock-lin kt bng phn mm) hon ton t ng thng qua cc mc ngn nh : ti cc ngn l (Bay), ti HMI (Substation), hay l qua (SCADA - Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition h thng gim st, iu khin v trao i d liu t xa). Chc nng iu khin cng khai thc trit vic t ch vn hnh cho cc thit b trong mng nh : lm vic (Run), d phng (Stand-by), bo dng (Maintenance). C th thc hin, dng qu trnh iu khin hay chn i tng khc iu khin. - Maintenance : Chc nng bo dng - chc nng ny c th hin bng vic qun l thi gian (Time management), qun l c s d liu (Databases management : Dowload, Switch, Version), ch test, kim sot cc lnh iu khin, ghi li cc nhiu lon v hin th cc nhiu lon (Disturbance). C th ni rng y l m hnh h thng c p dng ph bin trong t ng ha v iu khin t ng ca hu ht cc nghnh cng nghip hin nay. Bi v n c th p ng y cc yu cu ca t ng ha v iu khin t ng th hin rt r thng qua cc chc nng ca h thng. 2. M hnh h thng ca MICOM p dng cho cc trm bin p.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI H thng c phn chia ra theo cc ngn l v cp in p. i vi ngn l my bin p hay cc ng dy cao p, siu cao p th cc IEDs c kt ni vi C264 v sau cc C264 c kt ni v mng SBUS. Vi cc ngn l trung p c th kt ni trc tip cc IEDs vo mng SBUS theo tng ngn l hoc cng c th kt ni cc IEDs ca cc ngn l v C264 v sau C264 c kt ni vi mng Station Bus. Ngoi ra h thng cn c trang b thm mt thnh phn c chc nng ng b ha thi gian trong h thng l GPS (Global Positioning System). Vic ng b ha thi gian ca tt c cc thit b trong trm s rt c ch cho vic phn tch s c, tm ra im s c trn h thng. V khi tt c cc trm lin kt vi nhau c ng b ha thi gian thng qua h thng GPS s lm cho trnh t din ra cc s kin ti cc trm tun theo mt chun thi gian chung do vic phn tch s c s thun li hn rt nhiu. Hin nay vi cc Camera k thut s ngi ta c th kt hp vic quan st, theo di thit b thng qua cc Camera c kt ni vi h thng thng qua mng SBUS nh hnh v sau :

Giao thc s dng trong mng SBUS l UCA2 p dng cho mng Ethernet chun 10/100 Mbps theo kiu Client/Server (Khch/Phcv) theo chun cho trc hoc cng c th m rng bao gm N Client v M Server c ti u ha khi vn chuyn thng tin. Trong h thng PACiS th ngi ta

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI s dng mt thnh phn ca Pacis OI l SCE t cu hnh cho tng thit b trong mng. C th m t mt cch tng qut cch thc trao i thng tin trong mng nh sau:

SERVER

CLIENT

. Gi cc bo co (Send Reports - RP). . Gi nhng tin nhn nhanh theo nhm theo kiu n im hoc a im (Send Goose). . Nhn cc lnh iu khin. . Gi cc thng bo xc nhn v vic thc hin lnh iu khin (Send Control Acknowledgement)

. Nhn cc bo co (Receive Reports - RP). . Gi cc lnh iu khin (Send Controls). . Nhn cc thng bo xc nhn v vic thc hin lnh iu khin (Receive Control Acknowledgements).

Giao thc truyn thng l mt phn rt quan trng trong h thng thng tin cng nghip ni chung v cho h thng bo v, t ng ha v iu khin t ng trong cc trm bin p. Nh phn trn ni th giao thc truyn thng UCA2 c thit k v pht trin vi mc ch l p dng cho ngnh in tuy nhin n vn p ng theo cc tiu chun IEC 61850. UCA2 khng ch p dng b gn trong mt trm bin p m n cn c kh nng p ng cc chun giao thc khc (TCP/IP, Telnet, MMS )to nn mt h thng m to kh nng lin kt cc h thng, ti u ha trong vn hnh v qun l thit b, h tr cc dch v khch hng . Mt h thng bao gm Cu hnh (Configuration) v Giao thc truyn thng (Comunication). Mi mt hng thit b u cung cp thit b ca hng mnh, nhng vic quy chun trong cho cc giao thc truyn thng s buc cc Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 9

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI hng phi i n mt ci chung nht kt ni cc thit b li vi nhau to nn mt h thng ng nht.

Kh nng lin kt ca UCA2

3. Tm tt v m hnh h thng bo v, t ng ha v iu khin tch hp PACiS. - H thng bao gm : + Giao thc truyn thng. + Cu hnh h thng - Cc thnh phn ca PACiS. + PACiS Operator Interface c th thc hin cc ng dng ti ch, t xa, hoc qua Web. + PACiS System Management Tool : Mt ng dng ca PACiS dng Download, ngt kt ni vi Database ca cc thit b trong h thng v qun l cc ch vn hnh ca cc thit b. + MICOM C264 Computer : my tnh ngn l + MICOM H35 : Enthernet Switch cng kt ni mng Enthernet. + MiCOM Gateway : Giao tip vi h thng SCADA (iu h thng in Quc gia v iu h thng in Min Bc) + PACiS Agency (Station Bus): UCA2. + PACiS System Configuration Editor : Mt ng dng ca PACiS dng to, chnh sa Database cho cc thit b trong mng. + PACiS Equipment Simulator : L mt thit b dng thay th cho cc thit b khc s dng trong trng hp Test, chun b a vo vn hnh nh C264, PACiS OI, GTW.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI - Kin trc mng Ethernet. + Mng hnh sao, hnh cy (S dng trong kt ni gia cc thit b bo v v o lng vi C264 - dng dy ng) + Mng vng kn (S dng trong kt ni cc C264, HMI, GTW, Printers : dng cp quang). - Cc mng truyn thng. + SBUS : Client/Server UCA2 + TBUS : T101, T104, DNP3 + LBUS : ModBus, T103. Kt lun: M hnh h thng bo v, t ng ha v iu khin tch hp ca PACiS p dng cho cc trm bin p c th p ng y cc chc nng ca h thng nh iu khin, gim st v bo dng. Ngoi ra vic xy dng h thng da trn c s giao thc truyn thng UCA2 ang dn p ng cc chun theo IEC 61850 s tch hp thm c rt nhiu ng dng thit thc nh : s dng camera gn trc tip vo h thng theo di thit b, iu khin thng qua nn Web (hay cn gi l SCADA trn nn Web), truy cp qua Telnet, dch v sms v cn nhiu ng dng khc khai thc !

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

CHNG II H THNG IU KHIN V BO V TCH HP TI TRM 500kV THNG TN I. Gii thiu.

Trm 500kV Thng tn c 3 cp in p: 500kV, 220kV, 35kV v 12 ngn l trong c 3 ngn l cp in p 500kV, 8 ngn l cp in p 220kV, 1 ngn l cp in p 35kV. Nh vy, ng theo quan im thit k, h thng PACiS cng c phn chia ra theo tng ngn l v theo cp in p. V thng nht, ti Trm 500kV Thng tn mi ngn l (tr ngn l H03-35kV ch c 1 C264, v ngn B30 khng c C264) u c 2 my tnh ngn l C264 (bao gm C264 Main - C264M v C264 Backup - C264B). Cc rle bo v v thit b o lng ti cc ngn l c kt ni vi C264 thng qua Serial links. Kt ni gia cc thit b trong h thng PACiS v kt ni gia cc IEDs vi C264 ti cc ngn l c th hin qua cc hnh v sau: H thng mng Station Bus:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l ng dy Thng tn - Nho Quan 572:

Ngn l my bin p B03 - 531 v D06 231:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l cc ng dy 220kV v ngn 200:

Ngn l 35kV :

Cc thit b trong h thng mng Station Bus c kt ni vi nhau bng cp quang. Cn trong cc ngn l th cc rle bo v c kt ni vi C264 bng dy ng theo kiu RS232 hoc RS485. H thng cp quang dng ni mng Station Bus gm c 4 si, trong c hai si c s dng kt ni v 2 si dng cho d phng. Th t kt ni cc thit b v im kt ni cc thit b c th hin qua cc hnh v sau:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Kt ni trong mng Legency Bus bng dy ng theo chun RS485 hoc theo chun RS232. Tt c cc thit b o lng u c kt ni vi C264 theo chun RS485. Ngn l B02 v ngn l my bin p (B03&D06) cc Rle bo v c kt ni vi C264 theo chun RS485, Cc ngn l ng dy 220kV, ngn 200 v ngn l 35kV (t dng) cc Rle bo v c kt ni vi C264 theo chun RS232. Cp kt ni c 3 si vi 3 mu khc nhau : Trng, Nu v en. Hai si trng v nu dng truyn tn hiu, cn si en dng ly mt. S kt ni c th ti cc ngn l c th hin qua cc hnh v sau: Ngn l H03:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l B03:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l B02:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D01:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D02:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D04:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D05:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D06:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D07:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D08:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ngn l D09:

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

II. Cc thit b trong h thng, chc nng v ch vn hnh.

1. Cc thit b trong h thng. Trong mng Satation Bus c 2 mch vng Enthernet kt ni vi 2 h thng BCU, mt cho tt c cc Main Computer v mt cho Backup Computer. Trong h thng gm c cc thit b sau: 2 my tnh HMI vi 3 mn hnh v 1 my in cc s kin Lexmark. Vi mi my tnh HMI ny ta c th qun l c ton b cc thit b trong Trm. 2 my tnh Gateway dng lin lc vi hai trung tm iu h thng in Quc gia v Min bc. 2 cp BCU (C264M & C264B) cho cc ngn l 500kV. 8 cp BCU (C264M & C264B) cho cc ngn l 220kV. 1 BCU cho phn 35kV ca my bin p. 1 BCU s dng cho cc dch v chung v gim st. My tnh ny t ti t D09.AA2. 1 my tnh k s (Engineering Workstation) vi 1 mn hnh v mt my in mu Laser. My tnh k s c cc cng c t cu hnh cho mng, bo dng, qun l cc Rle ca MICOM v phn tch cc nhiu lon xy ra trn h thng in m h thng ghi li c. 1 thit b nhn tn hiu GPS. 1 my tnh xch tay dng cho bo tr h thng. 3 Enthernet Switch mi Enthernet Switch c 6 cng dng kt ni cc HMI, my in, Gateway v my tnh k s. 2. Cc ch d phng. Nu mt trong hai mch vng ca mng Station Bus b hng th h thng s t ng chuyn sang s dng mch vng cn li. Nu mt trong hai Enthernet Switch b hng th HMI, my in v Gateway kt ni vi n khng hot ng nhng HMI, my in v Gateway cn li vn hot ng bnh thng. Nu Enthernet Switch kt ni vi my tnh k s b hng th iu ny cng khng lm xo trn vic iu khin cc thit b trong trm v cng khng lm nh hng n cc chc nng ca cc thit b khc trong mng. Ta c th kt ni li vo Enthernet Switch khc, v d liu hon ton khng b mt trong sut qu trnh h hng ny.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Nu C264M b hng th C264B s t ng c a vo v C264B cng c t ng chuyn kt ni vi cc Rle bo v v cc thit b o lng (Ngoi tr nhng ngn l ch c mt C264). My tnh HMI 1, Gateway 1 v my tnh HMI 2, Gateway 2 u c chc nng tng ng nhau. Mi thit b trong h thng u c kt ni vi thit b trc n bng 2 dy cp quang v thit b sau n cng vi 2 dy cp quang. V khi c bt c mt si cp quang no b hng th h thng s t chuyn phng thc truyn d liu vic kt ni c lin tc. Vic t ng chuyn phng thc truyn d liu ny nh hn 10ms. Trong h thng tn ti 2 c s d liu l Current Database v Standard Database. Current Database l Database c dng hin ti v tt c cc thit b trong h thng phi c cng Version ca Database, nu mt thit b no c Database khc s khng kt ni c vi h thng. Standard Database c th c a vo lm Current Database bt c lc no dng trong trng hp nng cp version ca Database v d phng. 3. Mng Ethernet. Giao thc UCA2 hot ng da trn nn l giao thc TCP/IP thng qua mng Ethernet. H thng mng Station Bus s khng c kt ni trc tip vi mt h thng mng khc (Intranet, Internet ) v nhng l do sau: + S yu cu v bo mt ca h thng l rt cao do n khng th c kt ni vi h thng mng khc. + Cc a ch trong h thng (TCP/IP) c th b xung t khi ta kt ni mt mng khc vo mng Station Bus. Do vy khng c php kt ni h thng mng Station Bus vi bt c mt h thng mng no c trong Trm (Lan, Internet ) + Nhng thit b kt ni c vi mng Ethernet nu mun kt ni vi mng Station Bus ch c php kt ni thng qua cc cng trn Ethernet Switch hoc cng Ethernet mt sau ca C264. 4. H thng GPS. Vic ng b thi gian c thc hin bi ng h GPS. ng h GPS c kt ni vi mt Anten GPS. Tn hiu GPS nhn c s c a vo C264 dng cho cc dch v chung v gim st. C264 ny s thc hin vic ng b ha thi gian cho tt c cc thit b c kt ni trong h thng mng Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 30

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Station Bus. Cc Rle bo v v thit b o lng ti cc ngn l c th c ng b ha thi gian thng qua mng Legency Bus hay khng cn ty thuc vo cc IEDs c chc nng hay khng. 5. My tnh ngn l C264. My tnh ngn l C264 c s dng vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau cho vic iu khin : Ly cc s kin, thng s, trng thi, cnh bo t cc thit b bo v hay thit b o lng. C cc u vo tng t v u vo s p ng c vi nhu cu ly thng tin t ngn l. C cc u ra s phc v cho vic iu khin. Thc hin cc lnh trao i thng tin vi Rle. Xy dng cc chui lnh iu khin cho cc thit b cao p nh Dao cch ly, My ct - c la chn trc khi iu khin. Xy dng cc chui lnh iu khin cho My bin p. Xy dng cc iu kin lin ng t cc tn hiu u vo, gi tr logic ca Rle v t tn hiu ca cc ngn l khc. Phi hp cc iu kin logic mt cch rnh mch r rng. C th iu khin ti ch hoc t xa. Gim st v iu khin ti ch bng hin th qua mn hnh LCD. Qun l lin kt vi cc rle bo v v thit b o lng. T ng kim tra h thng phn mm v phn cng. My tnh ngn l nhn tt c cc lnh iu khin t SCADA v HMI chuyn n cc thit b trong ngn l thc hin lnh. Tuy nhin my tnh ngn l khng ci c cc phn mm p ng vi cc ng dng ca Rle.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI ngha ca cc n ti mt trc ca C264: OFF: Khng c li trong h thng. ON: C li v Database hocphn cng On nhp nhy: Li nh. OFF : Khng c cnh bo. ON: C cnh bo OFF : Khi ng li. ON : C thao tc. ON nhp nhy: Trong ch bo dng. ON: C264 hot ng tt ON: iu khin ti HMI, SCADA. OFF: iu khin ti C264. ON: C264 ang hot ng. OFF: C264 trng thi Standby. ON: iu khin Emegency. OFF: iu khin ti C264, HMI, SCADA.

n s 1 n s 2 n s 3 n s 4 n s 6 n s 11 n s 16

Mu Mu vng Mu vng Mu xanh Mu Mu Mu

6. My tnh HMI. Hai my tnh HMI c t trong phng iu khin, mi mt my tnh c 3 mn hnh, chut v bn phm. My tnh HMI c yu cu v phn cng v cc phn mm c ci t nh sau: - Phn cng: + Ngun cp : 240VAC 50Hz + B vi x l : Pentium IV + Tc : 2,4 Ghz. + RAM : t nht 1Gb + CDROM - Phn mm c ci t: + H iu hnh Windows 2000 phin bn ting Anh. + Phn mm UCA Agency cho giao thc UCA 2 kt ni mng. + Phn mm UCA Client qun l tt c cc d liu dng cho in cc s kin hay lu tr.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + H c s d liu vi cc thnh phn SQL Server v OI Server chia s d liu theo thi gian thc c th nh Mn hnh ha, cc cnh bo + OI Client dng thc hin cc chc nng ca HMI nh iu khin, gim st thng qua ngi vn hnh. 7. My tnh Gateway. My tnh Gateway s dng giao thc IEC-5-101 dng lin lc vi trung tm iu h thng in Quc gia v trung tm iu h thng in Min Bc. Trong mng TBUS my tnh Gateway c coi nh mt Slave v cc my tnh ti cc trung tm iu c coi l Master. Mi mt my tnh Gateway c hai cng Serial mt dng cho lin kt vi A0, mt dng cho lin kt vi A1. My tnh Gateway c yu cu v phn cng v phn mm c ci t nh sau: - Phn cng: + Ngun cp : 240VAC 50Hz + B vi x l : Pentium IV + Tc : 2,4 Ghz. + RAM : t nht 1Gb + CDROM - Phn mm c ci t + H iu hnh Windows 2000 phin bn ting Anh. + Phn mm UCA Agency cho giao thc UCA 2 kt ni mng. + Phn mm Gateway cho giao thc IEC-5-101 lin kt trong mng SCADA. 8. My tnh k s. My tnh k s dng bo tr h thng. My dng thc hin cc chc nng nh : To Database, Bin son Database, Download Database t tt c cc thit b trong h thng, Qun tr t xa, Truy cp vo cc my tnh ngn l thng qua cng Serial phc v cho vic tm li My tnh k s c yu cu v phn cng v cc phn mm ci t nh sau : - Phn cng: + Ngun cp : 240VAC 50Hz + B vi x l : Pentium IV + Tc : 2,4 Ghz. Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 33

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + RAM : t nht 1Gb + CDROM. + Mn hnh, bn phm, chut. - Phn mm ci t: + H iu hnh Windows 2000 phin bn ting Anh. + Phn mm UCA Agency cho giao thc UCA 2 kt ni mng. + PACiS System Configuration Editor Tool. + PACiS System Management Tool. + Phn mm WinAnalyse Download cc file phc v cho vic phn tch s c. + MICOM S1 V2 thc hin cc ng dng trong Rle ca MICOM. + Phn mm qun l Rle ca SIEMENS. 9. My tnh xch tay. My tnh xch tay dng cho vic truy cp vo cc my tnh ngn l, Rle thng qua cng Serial bo tr, ci t, ly thng s phc v cho vic phn tch s c. My tnh ny c yu cu v phn cng v phn mm nh sau: - Phn cng: + Ngun cp: 240VAC-50Hz. + B vi x l kiu: Petium M + Tc : 1,6 GHz. + RAM: t nht 512 Mb. + DVD Combo. + C cng Serial COM. - Phn mm ci t: + H iu hnh Windows 2000 phin bn ting Anh. + Phn mm UCA Agency cho giao thc UCA 2 kt ni mng. + Phn mm WinAnalyse Download cc file phc v cho vic phn tch s c. + MICOM S1 V2 thc hin cc ng dng trong Rle ca MICOM. + PACiS Computer Management Tool qun l cc C264.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

CHNG III THNH PHN GIAO DIN VI NGI S DNG CA PACiS ( HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE ) I. Gii thiu chung.
Mt thnh phn ca PACiS OI l PACiS SCADA 2000 HMI hay cn c gi l S2K - HMI. Giao din HMI gip cho ngi s dng c th d dng gim st v tc ng ti cc thit b trong trm thng qua mng Station Bus. PACiS OI c nhim v iu khin / ra lnh, thu thp d liu, vn hnh h thng, cnh bo, d liu qu kh . PACiS OI bao gm cc thnh phn: - PACiS OI Client : dng iu khin v hin th cc thng tin v thit b (HMI) v cc thng tin lin quan n h thng PACiS (Business Views). - PACiS OI Server : Dng ly d liu, lu tr d liu v cc thng tin v truy cp h thng. M hnh ca PACiS OI nh sau :

PACiS OI c th : - C t 1-8 OI Client (bao gm c cc Client t xa). - C t 1-4 mn hnh cho mi OI Client. - C th nng cp n 12288 im vo ra trong c: 8192 im vo s, 2048 im vo dng cho o lng, 2048 im vo dng cho iu khin (C th hiu l ng vi mi mt trng thi ca Alarm tng ng vi mt im).

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI - C th to ra nhiu PACiS OI Server ty theo yu cu ca thit k nhm m bo d phng cao. - Thi gian thay i trng thi d liu u vo s c hin th trn mn hnh HMI v hiu ng hnh nh t 500ms n 2s ty thuc vo cp t. - Thi gian thay i trng thi hin th ca Alarm k t khi ngi vn hnh xc nhn (Acknowledgement) Alarm l t 1s n 1,5s. - Thi gian thay i thng s trng thi u vo nh U, I, P, Q ca cc thit b l t 1s n 1,5s ty thuc vo ch t. - Tng thi gian lnh iu khin t HMI c tc dng ti cc thit b l t 750ms n 1.5s ty thuc v cp t. - Thi gian Download file cu hnh t cc thit b thng qua SMT t 15s n 25s ty thuc vo cp t. Cp Null M t Khng cp nht s kin v cc thng s o lng - Cp nht c mt s kin v thng s o lng trong vng 5s. - Sau 30s mi thc hin tip mt lnh iu khin. - Yu cu qut thng s trong vng 60s - Cp nht c 120 s kin v thng s o lng trong vng 60s - Sau 30s mi thc hin tip mt lnh iu khin. - Yu cu qut thng s trong vng 60s - Cp nht c 120 s kin v thng s o lng trong vng 5s - Sau 30s mi thc hin tip mt lnh iu khin. - Yu cu qut thng s trong vng 60s

Medium

Max

Maximum

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

II. Human Machine Interface ( HMI ).

1. Gii thiu chung. HMI l phn giao din gia ngi vn hnh v cc thit b trong h thng. Thng qua giao din HMI ngi vn hnh c th trc tip iu khin thit b. Xem cc cnh bo s kin; Hin th trng thi thit b; iu kin lin ng; t Password cho cc Users; Sp xp, lc cc cnh bo, s kin; Trong h thng ca PACiS ti trm 500kV Thng tn c hai HMI (HMI1 & HMI2) lm vic c lp vi nhau. Ti mi HMI ngi vn hnh u c th thc hin y chc nng ca HMI. Mi mt HMI c 3 mn hnh hin th. Mn hnh bn tri hin th phn 500kV bao gm trng thi, thng s v cc iu kin lin ng ca thit b, mn hnh gia hin th cc Menu chnh, cc cnh bo, s kin, v cu hnh h thng. Mn hnh bn phi hin th phn 220kV. 2. Mn hnh pha bn tri + SLD 500kV : Hin th ton b s ni dy ca phn 500kV v cc ngn l lin quan ca my bin p; Thng s vn hnh ca cc ngn l 500kV; Cc thng tin v trng thi ca cc thit b trong ngn l.

Mn hnh bn tri SLD 500kV

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + 572(B02) : Trong Tab ny mn hnh c chia ra lm 2 phn: mt phn hin th cc thng s, phn cn li hin th s ni dy ca ngn B02 (ng dy 500kV Thng tn Nho quan) v B30. Ti Tab ny ta c th iu khin c cc thit b trong ngn l B02.

Mn hnh bn tri 572(B02)

+ 531(B03): Tab ny hin th thng s ca my bin p AT1 pha cao p 500kV v s ca ngn l B30 v B03. Ti Tab ny ta c th iu khin c thit b ca cc ngn l B30 v B03. + 341(H03): Tab ny hin th thng s pha h p 35kV ca my bin p AT1 v s ca ngn l H03. Ti Tab ny ta c th iu khin c cc thit b ca ngn l H03. + Help: Tab ny hin th nhng thng tin chung hng dn cho ngi vn hnh thng qua hnh nh hin th trn mn hnh. Hnh nh ca cc Tab 531(B03), 341(H03) v Help :

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

Mn hnh bn tri-531(B03)

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

Mn hnh bn tri-341(H03)

Mn hnh bn tri-Help

Circuit Breaker Closed: My ct ng. Circuit Breaker Open: My ct m. Circuit Breaker Undefined: My ct v tr khng r rng l ng hay m. Disconnector Closed: Dao cch ly ng. Disconnector Open: Dao cch ly m. Disconnector Undifined: Dao cch ly v tr khng r rng l ng hay m. OI Command In Progress: Thit b ang thc hin lnh iu khin. C264 Active Mod: C264 ang trng thi hot ng. C264 Standby Mod: C264 ang v tr d phng. Analog Value: Cc gi tr tng t. Voltage: in p. Frequency: Tn s. Power: Cng sut. Emergency: Ngn l ang ch iu khin Emergency. C264 Control Allowed: Ngn l ang ch iu khin ti C264 Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 40

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Aleast One Alarm Unacknowledged: C t nht mt Alarm cha c xc nhn Device In Local Mod: Thit b ch iu khin ti ch. Device In Undefined Mod: Thit b trng thi khng xc nh. Raise AVR Control Mod: La chn iu chnh tng nc iu p ca MBA. Lower AVR Control Mod: La chn iu chnh gim nc iu p ca MBA. Substation Conrol From HMI: La chn ch iu khin ti HMI. Dispatching Control From Scada: La chn ch iu khin ti Scada. M-Tap AVR Manual Mod: Ch iu chnh in p bng tay. A-Tap AVR Automatic Mod: Ch iu chnh in p t ng. Manual-HMI Mod: Ch iu khin bng tay ti HMI. Manual-Dispatching Mod: Ch iu khin bng tay t Scada OI Healthy: OI Server ang hot ng tt. OI Faulty: OI Server b li. OI Unknown Status: OI Server trng thi khng xc nh. Enthernet Line Healthy: ng truyn mng Enthernet tt. Enthernet Line Faulty: ng truyn Enthernet b li. Enthernet Line Unknown:ng truyn Enthernet trng thi khng xc nh C264 Healthy: C264 ang hot ng tt. C264 Faulty: C264 b li. C264 Maintenance Mod: C264 trng thi bo dng. C264 Unknown Status: C264 trng thi khng xc nh. C264 Test Mod: C264 trng thi Test. Go To The Right: Sang trang bn tri. Go To The Left: Sang trang bn phi. Nhng hin th trong Tab Help ny l trc quan gip cho ngi vn c th gim st c tnh trng vn hnh ca thit b mt cch d dng. 3. Mn hnh gia. Ti mn hnh gia ngi vn hnh c th quan st c cc thng tin chung v h thng, cc cnh bo, s kin v s dng cc cng c h tr ca PACiS trong vic iu khin v gim st thng tin. Ti mn hnh gia c cc Tab sau: + Alarms: Tab ny hin th v cc cnh bo, s kin ca tt c cc thit b trong trm. Trong Tab ny c hai Tab nh khc l Tab Alarms v Tab Events. Mn hnh hin th nh sau:

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Mn hnh gia Alarms

Mn hnh gia-Events

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + System: L Tab hin th v kt ni ca cc thit b trong mng Station Bus v mng Legency Bus.

Mn hnh gia-System

Khi ta Click chut v C264 ca ngn l no th trong Tab System s hin ln kt ni trong mng Legency Bus ca ngn l . V d v hnh nh kt ni trong mng Legency ca ngn l B02.

Mn hnh gia-Legency Bus B02

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + Alarm/Reset : L Tab dng Reset tt c cc Alarm. + Trend : L Tab th hin th bin thin theo thi gian ca cc gi tr tng t ca cc ngn l U, I, P, Q, F. th ny c th lu c s bin thin ca cc gi tr trong vng hai tun.

Mn hnh gia Trends

Mn hnh trn hin th s bin thin theo thi gian ca tn s, cng sut P (mu ) v cng sut Q (mu xanh) ca ngn l B02. 4. Mn hnh phi. + SLD 220kV : L Tab hin th ton b s ni dy ca phn 220kV ; Thng s vn hnh ca cc ngn l 220kV; Cc thng tin v trng thi ca cc thit b trong ngn l. Dng nt Go to the Left hoc Go to the Right xem ht cc ngn l. Cc Tab cn li hin th ring v cc ngn l 220kV : Ph li-271, Ph ni-272, Mai ng-273, Mai ng-274, AT1-231, H ng-275, H ng-276, Ngn l vng-200.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

Mn hnh phi-SLD 220kV

Mn hnh phi-Ngn l ng dy (271)

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

Mn hnh phi-Ngn AT1 (231)

Mn hnh phi-Ngn l vng (200)

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Ti Tab SLD 220kV ch c th xem c cc thng s ch ca ngn l v la chn mc iu khin ti Substation hay l ti Dispatching. Cn ti cc Tab ring ca tng ngn l th mi iu khin c cc thit b ti cc ngn l . Ti mi ngn l ng dy hay MBA ta c th xem c thng s ch ca cc ngn l nh in p pha, in p dy, tn s, cng sut hu cng, cng sut v cng v Reset cc rle trip v rle lockout. Cn ti ngn l 200 th ch c th xem c in p pha ca cc thanh ci C21, C22 v C29. Ti ngn l 231 c th iu chnh c nc ca my bin p v cc thng s v b iu chnh nc my bin p, ch lm mt my bin p. 5. Cc Menu chnh. Trong Tab System mn hnh gia c chia lm nm phn: + Title Bar : Hin th hnh nh Logo ca AREVA, Tn trm, Tn User ang s dng, Ngy gi hin ti, Ch iu khin ti Trm, Connect ti OI Server no. + Menu Bar : Dng hin th cc thng tin chung, cc cng c ring l cc chng trnh ng dng trong h thng ca PACiS,. + Substation Screens : Mn hnh hin th trang Alarm, Events v Trends. + Alarm Banner : Dng hin th cc Alarm mi nht. + Substation Data Explorer Bar: Hin th cc Tab.

5.1 Log in / Log off Menu. Menu ny dng ng nhp vo h thng theo cc Users khc nhau phc v cho mc ch vn hnh nh iu khin, gim st thng tin, hay qun l h thng. Khi khi ng chng trnh, User c mc nh l PublicOdyssey ti User ny ngi vn hnh ch c th quan st cc thng tin chung ca h thng m khng c bt c mt quyn hn no v vic iu khin, gim st thng tin hay qun l h thng. Nu mun c nhiu quyn hn hn th ta phi ng nhp h thng theo cc Users ph hp vi chc nng m ta mun s dng.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI ng nhp thc hin quyn iu khin cc thit b : User name : OPERATOR Password : OPERATOR ng nhp thc hin quyn gim st thng tin (Alarms, Events). User name : OPER Password : OPER ng nhp v User c th c quyn thc hin y cc chc nng ca h thng User cp cao nht. User name : AdmOdyssey Password : Odyssey Thng tin c th v cc User v quyn hn ca tng User s c ni trong phn Menu Profile. thc hin vic ng nhp ta lm nh sau: + Nu ang ch l User mc nh th ta Click chut vo ch Log On trn Menu. + Nu ang ch l User khc vi User m ta nh ng nhp th ta Click chut vo ch Log Off trn Menu ri Click tip vo ch Log On trn Menu. Mn hnh ng nhp s xut hin nh hnh di, in y cc thng tin yu cu vo hp hi thoi Click v Ok ng nhp h thng. Ch phn bit ch hoa v ch thng i vi Password.

Trong vn hnh nn theo User mc nh l Public Odyssey v User ny khng c quyn hn g trong vic iu khin v kim sot thng tin trong h thng. Khi c cc cnh bo hoc khi cn thc hin lnh iu khin cc thit b th mi ng nhp vo cc User tng ng thc hin. 5.2 Password Menu. Menu ny dng ci t hoc thay i Password cho cc User. Nu mun ci t hay l thay i Password cho cc User ta phi ng nhp vo User ri Click chut vo ch Password, hp hi thoi ca Menu s hin ra in thng tin trong phn Type in your current Password : nhp Password hin hnh ca User ri Click vo Validate. Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 48

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI in thng tin vo phn Type in your new Password : Nhp vo Password mi cho User ri Click vo Validate. in tip thng tin vo phn Type in your new Password : Nhp li Password mi cho User ri Click vo Validate. Thao tc i Password cho User coi nh c hon tt khi ta Click v du X mu gc bn phi mn hnh tt hp hi thoi.

5.3 Profiles Menu. Menu ny dng xem thng tin v cc User hin c. Qua thng tin v cc User ny ngi vn hnh c th bit User thuc nhm User no c th ng nhp phc v ng chc nng m ngi vn hnh cn. Khi ang mt User no th Menu ny khng c tc dng. Ch khi mn hnh ang User PublicOdyssey hoc User AdmOdyssey th Menu ny mi c tc dng. Khi Click chut vo ch Profiles trn mn hnh s hin ra hp hi thoi sau:

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Khi ang User l AdmOdyssey th ngi s dng c quyn thay i cc thng tin v User hoc to ra cc User mi. Hin ti c bn User tng ng cho vic thc hin cc mc ch khc nhau trong vn hnh. User AdmOdyssey : c ngn ng c s dng l ting Anh, thuc nhm User l Administrator L nhm User c quyn hn cao nht trong cc nhm User. Nhm User ny c quyn gim st thng tin, iu khin cc thit b. User ny cho php ngi s dng c quyn tt chng trnh, truy xut ra Windows thc hin cc cng vic phc tp hn nh qun l h thng, d liu v bo dng, bo tr h thng. User OPER : c ngn ng c s dng l ting Anh, thuc nhm User l OperatorAL L nhm User chuyn s dng cho vic gim st thng tin, cc cnh bo, s kin. Khi ng nhp vo User ny ngi vn hnh khng c quyn iu khin cc thit b, truy xut ra Windows, tt chng trnh. Khi c cnh bo ngi vn hnh c th ng nhp vo User ny xc nhn cc cnh bo v thc hin cc thao tc qun l cnh bo s kin nh sp xp, lc cc cnh bo s kin. Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 50

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI User OPERATOR : c ngn ng c s dng l ting Anh, thuc nhm User l Operator_Ctrl L nhm User chuyn s dng cho vic iu khin thit b. Khi ng nhp vo User ny ngi s dng c quyn iu khin cc thit b v ngoi ra User ny cn c tt c cc quyn ca User thuc nhm OperatorAL. User PublicOdyssey : c ngn ng c s dng l ting Anh, thuc nhm User l ShortPublic. Nhm User ny l User mc nh ca chng trnh. Khi User ny ngi s dng khng c bt c mt quyn hn g v vic gim st thng tin cng nh iu khin, qun l. 5.4 Tool Menu. Menu ny ch s dng c cc User thuc nhm User Administrator. Menu ny khi ta click vo s hin ra ca s h tr cc ng dng khc khng thuc PACiS System. Chng hn ngi vn hnh c th s dng cc chng trnh nh Explore, Notepad, Word ... trong khi ang vn hnh.

5.5 SMT Menu. System Management Tool Menu Menu ny l mt trong nhng ng dng ca PACiS System. Tuy nhin khng s dng c ti cc HMI m phi s dng ti my tnh Egineering Workstation. 5.6 Klaxon Menu. Menu ny dng tt ting ku khi c cnh bo pht ra t loa. Khi c tn hiu cnh bo ngoi vic hin th trn trang Alarm th h thng cn pht ra m thanh cnh bo ti loa c ni vi my tnh HMI. Ngi vn hnh c th tt ting ku ny i bng vic Click vo ch Klaxon trn mn hnh. m thanh cnh bo s khng cn nu tn hiu cnh bo c xc nhn. 5.7 Hardcopy Menu. Khi ngi vn hnh Click vo ch Hardcopy th h thng s in ton b mn hnh ra my in mu HP Laser. C ba mn hnh tri, gia v phi u c in ra cng mt lc trn kh giy A4.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI 5.8 About Menu. Khi ngi vn hnh Click vo Menu ny th s hin ra hp hi thoi c thng tin v h thng PACiS v cng ty cung cp AREVA.

5.9 Archives Menu.

Chc nng ca Menu ny dng xem li cc Alarms, Events qu kh c lu tr trn my tnh. 5.10 Stop Menu. Khi ngi vn hnh Click vo ch Stop c mt hp hi thoi s hin ln hi xc nhn cho vic tt chng trnh. Nu ta ng th chng trnh PACiS OI Client s b tt i. Menu ny ch cc tc dng khi ngi vn hnh ng nhp User thuc nhm User Administrator. Khi tt chng trnh i ri nu ngi s dng mun khi ng li chng trnh th phi lm nh sau: + Click p vo Shortcut ca chng trnh PACiS OI Server ti Desktop ca mn hnh HMI. + Sau khi i chng trnh PACiS OI Server Load ht Database th Click p tip vo Shortcut ca chng trnh PACiS OI Client khi ng li chng trnh. 6. Chc nng iu khin. PACiS OI Client l mt ng dng ca PACiS cho php ngi vn hnh c ci nhn trc quan i vi cc thit b ti tng ngn l. Khi mun thc hin mt thao tc iu khin vi thit b ti mt ngn l no th ngi vn hnh phi Click vo Tab ca ngn l ri mi thc hin vic iu khin thit b . Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 52

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Trc khi iu khin mt thit b no ngi vn hnh phi kim tra xem cc iu kin lin ng tha mn cha ? (xem iu kin lin ng khi iu khin cc thit b ti cc mc ngn trong quy trnh vn hnh mch iu khin ca tng thit b) Bng vic quan st trc tip trn mn hnh ca Tab ngn l iu khin ngi vn hnh khng nhng va kim tra c tnh chnh xc ca ngn l cn iu khin m cn kim tra c cc iu kin lin ng iu khin thit b theo cc mc ngn. iu khin c ti HMI th : + Thit b c iu khin phi v tr r rng ng hoc m khng c v tr khng xc nh. + Thit b c iu khin phi v tr sn sng thc hin cc thao tc iu khin cc iu kin ca bn thn thit b nh iu kin v kh SF6, p lc du, p lc thy lc + Cc iu kin lin ng ca thit b iu khin vi ngn l v cc ngn l khc phi c tha mn. + Thit b c iu khin c la chn iu khin ti v tr l Remote. + Kha Main/Emergency phi v tr Main. + C264 ti ngn l c thit b c iu khin phi ch iu khin l Remote. + Ngi vn hnh phi ng nhp vo ng User c quyn iu khin thit b Operator hoc AdmOdyssey. + Ti mn hnh my tnh HMI, ch iu khin ca ngn l c thit b c iu khin phi ch iu khin SUBSTATION. Tt c cc iu kin lin ng c th iu khin thit b trn ngi vn hnh u c th quan st trc tip trn mn hnh (xem mc mn hnh Help). Chng hn khi ngn l ang ch iu khin ti Emergency th ti Mimic ca ngn l trn HMI s c bao bi mt khung mu vng v gc trn cng bn tri s c ch E. Cn nu thit b ang v tr Local th trn s c ch L hin ln ngay cnh thit b, du ? s hin ln nu thit b ang v tr khng xc nh Khi tt c cc iu kin lin ng iu khin thit b c tha mn, thit b v tr sn sng iu khin th ngi vn hnh c th iu khin c thit b bng cch Click ln thit b cn iu khin ti mn hnh Mimic ca ngn l c thit b iu khin trn Mimic ca HMI. Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 53

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI 6.1 iu khin chn ch iu khin l Substation hay Distpatching. Khi chn ch iu khin l Substation th tt c cc thit b trong trm c iu khin thng qua mn hnh HMI ti trm. Cn nu chn ch iu khin l Dispatching th tt c cc thit b trong trm c iu khin thng qua h thng SCADA t cc trung tm iu h thng in A0 hoc A1. chn ch iu khin l Substation hay Dispatching th ti Tab ca tng ngn l hoc ti Tab SLD ngi vn hnh u c th iu khin c. Khi Click v ch Substation hoc ch Dispatching hp hi thoi iu khin s hin ln:

Nu mun chuyn ch iu khin ca ngn l v Dispatching th ta Click vo ch Dispathing. Cn nu mun chuyn ch iu khin ca ngn l v Substation th ta Click vo ch Substation. 6.2 iu khin tng hay gim nc ca my bin p. iu khin tng hay gim nc ca my bin p ta phi vo Tab ca ngn l 231. phn mn hnh pha di ca ngn l l thng tin v b iu chnh in p v ch lm mt. + My bin p ang nc 17 + Ch iu chnh nc ca my bin p l bng tay. + B iu chnh nc ca my bin p ang ch iu khin Remote + Ch lm mt ca my bin p l t ng.

Mun iu chnh tng hay gim nc ca my bin p th ta Click vo ch RAISE hay ch LOWER. Hp hi thoi hin ln v sau ta chn Execute.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI 6.3 iu khin ng ct thit b. Khi tt c cc iu kin lin ng iu khin mt thit b no tha mn, th nu mun iu khin thit b ta Click vo Tab ca ngn l c cha thit b . Ti mn hnh Mimic ca ngn l trn mn hnh HMI ta Click vo thit b cn iu khin, hp hi thoi iu khin s hin ln. Nu ang ng nhp mt User khng c quyn iu khin th s hin ln hp hi thoi sau: (lu phn khoanh c mu )

Nu ch iu khin ang Dispatching th s hin ln hp hi thoi sau:

Khi cc iu kin lin ng iu khin thit b tha mn th mn hnh hp hi thoi hin ln nh sau: Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 55

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

ct ta chn OPENING, chn CLOSING ng ri Click vo ch Select. Khi thit b m ta iu khin c dng nh sau :

xc nhn vic iu khin ta chn Execute. Cn nu khng mun tip tc thc hin lnh iu khin ta chn Abort. Nu trong qu trnh iu khin c vn v lin ng trong ngn l hoc vi ngn l khc th hp hi thoi bo v Interlock s hin ra, Click vo nt c khoanh xem chi tit.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Chng hn vi hnh v trn khi bm vo nt khoanh s hin ra hp hi thoi nh trn. Dng trn cng l tiu (kt qu bo li lin ng khi thc hin lnh iu khin dao cch ly 271-7 220kV/Line D01/DS 271-7 (QL03)/OPEN Interlock Result SPS). Dng tip theo th hin iu kin lin ng khng c tha mn chnh l v tr ca dao cch ly 271-7 khng tha mn 220kV/Line D01/Ilock QL03/Ilock QL03 O/C. Phn bi mu vng l phn th hin thit b c iu khin khng c tha mn iu kin lin ng QL03. Phn bi en mu xanh th hin iu kin lin ng khng c tha mn l ti chnh QL03 v v tr ca QL03 (Trong v d ny ngi vn hnh thc hin lnh ng dao QL03 khi m dao QL03 ny ang ng). Nhng lu khi thc hin lnh iu khin thit b: + Khi thc hin iu khin ng ct mt thit b phi tun th ng quy trnh thao tc thit b. + Log On vo User c quyn iu khin thit b. + Trc khi thao tc cn xem xt k cc iu kin lin ng v tn ca thit b iu khin c trng vi phiu thao tc hay khng bng cch quan st trn mn hnh Mimic ca ngn l ti HMI. + Thc hin thao tc t tn, chnh xc khi thc hin nhiu lnh iu khin cng mt lc cn ch khong cch thi gian k t khi xc nhn lnh iu khin th nht n khi thc hin lnh iu khin th hai l 30s. + Tt c cc iu kin lin ng ca thit b i vi ngn l v cc ngn l khc u c thc hin bng phn mm. + Khi thao tc xong cn Log Out khi User c quyn iu khin m bo an ton. 7. Chc nng gim st thng tin. Chc nng gim st thng tin ny c thc hin qua hai trang Alarms v trang Events. Trang Alarms s hin ln nhng thng tin cnh bo ca tt c cc thit b trong h thng ca PACiS. Cc cnh bo c th c xa i khi ngi vn hnh xc nhn cnh bo. Trang Events s hin tt c cc thng tin v thit b, thng tin v LogOn/LogOff cc User v cc thng tin trong trang Events s khng xa c. Mi mt trang Alarms v Events c th hin th c 500 thng tin v cc cnh bo, s kin. Ngoi ra khi vo Tab Trends ngi vn hnh cn c th theo di c din bin ca th U, I, P, Q, f ca tng ngn l theo thi gian trong vng hai tun. Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 57

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI 7.1 Trang Alarms. Trang Alarms dng hin th cc cnh bo. phn cui trang (Alarms Banner) c hin th hai cnh bo mi nht. Phn cn li bn tri (Alarms Browser) l phn m ta c th xem cc thng tin v Alarm tng thit b, phn t nh nht trong h thng.

Thng tin chung Phn hin th Alarms: + Mi mt Alarm xut hin u hin th theo mt dng chung hm cha cc thng tin sau:

Timestamp: phn hin th thi gian xut hin Alarm theo th t Nm, thng, ngy, gi, pht, giy, ms. Origin: Phn ng dn n ngn l xut hin Alarm. Objectname: Tn ca thit b xut hin Alarm. Objectmeassage: Tn ca trng thi Alarm, v d nh i vi cc thit b ng ct l ng hay M Alarmstate: Mt k t ng vi mt trng thi Alarm. ( U: Alarm xut hin nhng cha c xc nhn; A: Alarm xut hin v c xc nhn; I: Alarm khng xut hin hoc xut hin khng xc nhn; Khong trng: cho nhng Alarm khng xut hin c xc nhn.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI + Nhn bit cc Alarm thng qua mu ca ch v mu nn: Ch mu en trn nn mu cho nhng Alarm xut hin nhng cha c xc nhn Ch mu trn nn mu xm cho nhng Alarm xut hin v c xc nhn Ch mu en trn nn mu xanh cho nhng Alarm xut hin ri khng tn ti na m cha c xc nhn. Ch mu xanh trn nn mu trng cho nhng Alarm khng tn ti c xc nhn. Thng tin chung Phn Alarms banner: + Phn ny hin th hai Alarms mi nht trong h thng. + Ni dung cc Alarms hin th c cu trc ging nh trong phn hin th Alarms. Thng tin chung Phn Alarms Browser: + y l phn m ngi vn hnh c th xem nhng thng tin cnh bo chi tit ti tng thit b nh nht trong h thng nh CPU ca C264, cc card u vo ra ca C264, Aptomat cp ngun cho tng ngn l, Rle bo v v nhiu thit b khc na + Phn ny c cu trc theo kiu dng cy phn cp theo tng cp in p v theo tng ngn l, v vy ngi vn hnh c th d dng tm ra thng tin v Alarms cho tng thit b m mnh cn. + Cc thao tc chn la ca ngi vn hnh quyt nh ti thng tin hin th trong phn hin th Alarms. V d khi ngi vn hnh Click chut vo ch Thuong Tin sau ch Root, khi ch Thuong Tin c bao quanh bi mt hnh ch nht th thng tin hin th bn trang Alarms s bao gm tt c cc thng tin v thit b trong trm gm c phn mng Ethernet. Cn khi ngi vn hnh Click chut vo ch Thuong Tin sau th thng tin hin th bn trang Alarm s bao gm tt c cc thng tin v thit b khng bao gm cc thng tin v mng Ethernet. Khi ch SCS () c chn th thng tin hin th trong trang Alarms s ch l cc thng tin lin quan n mng Ethernet. Tm li l khi ngi vn hnh chn bt c mt thit b hay mt tp hp thit b no trong phn Alarms Browser (thit b c bao quanh bi mt hnh ch nht) th thng tin hin th trong phn hin th Alarms s ch l ca thit b . + Trong phn hin th Alarms khi ta tch vo vung ca mt Alarm no hoc trong phn Alarms Browser khi ta tch vo vung ca mt tp Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 59

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI hp cc phn t th iu ny c ngha l Alarm hoc cc Alarms ca tp hp phn t c chn thc hin cc thao tc i vi Alarms nh xc nhn hay xa Alarms. + M t phn Alarms Browser :

Hnh trn m t cu trc chnh ca phn Alarms Browser. Nh chng ta thy th phn Alarms browser ny c chia ra lm hai phn chnh l phn v ton b thit b trong trm (Thuong Tin) v phn v h thng mng (SCS). Trong phn Thuong Tin li c phn chia theo cp in p v ngn l. l cc ngn l 220kV, 500kV, 35kV v phn 35-220-500kV l phn th hin cc cnh bo v h thng in t dng trong trm. Phn SCS hay Ethernet Network th hin thng tin v cc thit b c kt ni vo h thng Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 60

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI mng Station Bus v cc thit b c kt ni vo cc thit b thng qua Legency Bus. Nh trn hnh th phn Thuong Tin c chn hin th v thc hin cc thao tc nh xc nhn hay xa tt c cc cnh bo v ton b thit b trong trm. Phn Alarms Browser ny rt c ch khi ngi vn hnh ch mun xem thng tin v cc cnh bo ca mt thit b no m khng cn hin th cc cnh bo ca cc thit b khc. Bnh thng khi vn hnh ta nn la chn v tch vo ch Thuong Tin trn sau ch Root c th xem c ton b thng tin v cc cnh bo ca tt c cc thit b trong trm cng nh l phn h thng mng. Thng tin chung Phn Alarms Tools: + y l cc cng c dng x l cc thng tin i vi cc cnh bo. Khi ta di chuyn con tr ti mt chc nng no th tn ca chc nng s hin ra. Cc chc nng c th ca Alarms Tools l: Print List: Khi Click chut vo Tool ny th h thng s t ng in ra cc cnh bo ang tn ti trong phn hin th Alarms. Configue Filter: y l Tool dng sp xp v lc cc cnh bo. Khi click vo Tool ny th bng hi thoi s hin ln ngi vn hnh c th thc hin vic sp xp hay lc cc cnh bo.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Khi thc hin chc nng sp xp (sort) th ngi vn hnh c th t chc sp xp cc cnh bo theo mt trnh t nht nh nh bng sau: nh ngha Activity timestamp validity Deactivation time stamp validity Activation time stamp validity Time stamp validity User name Area name FuncName Transition Sp xp cc cnh bo theo thi gian xut hin ca cnh bo c th sp xp nhanh bng cch Click chut vo ch Time of Activity trong trang cnh bo Sp xp cc cnh bo xut hin cng vi cc User name c ng nhp. Sp xp cc cnh bo theo vng xut hin cnh bo (c b tr theo vng ging nh trong phn Alarms Browser) Sp xp cc cnh bo theo chc nng ca tng thit b Chc nng

Time of Activity

Time of transition Acknowledge date&time Removel date&time Appearance date&time Alarm level Sp xp cc cnh bo theo thi gian cnh bo c xc nhn. Sp xp cc cnh bo theo thi gian m cc cnh bo c ri i. Sp xp cc cnh bo theo thi gian xut hin ca cnh bo. Sp xp cc cnh bo theo mc ca cnh bo.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Alarm state Status Sp xp cc cnh bo theo trng thi ca cnh bo ( c xc nhn, cha xc nhn) Sp xp cc cnh bo theo trng thi cnh bo ca cc thit b - c th sp xp nhanh bng cch click chut vo ch Status trong trang cnh bo. Sp xp cc cnh bo theo tn ca thit b xut hin cnh bo c th sp xp nhanh bng cch Click chut vo ch Name trong trang cnh bo Sp sp cnh bo theo cht lng ca cnh bo. Good : Tt; Inhibit : Xu; Uncertain : Khng chc chn; Unknown: khng xc nh.

Name

Quanlity

Khi thc hin chc nng lc cc cnh bo th ngi vn hnh c th lc cc cnh bo theo nhng tiu ch sau: nh ngha Chc nng Activity timestamp validity Deactivation times tamp validity Activation time stamp validity Time stamp validity Mimic Help Transition Appearance date&time Alarm level Alarm state Lc cc cnh bo theo thi gian xut hin ca cnh bo. Lc cc cnh bo theo mc ca cnh bo. Lc cc cnh bo theo trng thi ca cnh bo ( c xc nhn, cha xc nhn)

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Status Name Quanlity Lc cc cnh bo theo trng thi cnh bo ca cc thit b Lc cc cnh bo theo tn ca thit b xut hin cnh bo Lc cnh bo theo cht lng ca cnh bo. Good : Tt; Inhibit : Xu; Uncertain : Khng chc chn; Unknown: khng xc nh.

Mt v d khi ta lc cc cnh bo theo trng thi cnh bo ca cc thit b. Khi Click chut vo Tool Configue Filter th hp hi thoi s hin ra. Ti hng ng vi Status, ct Condition chn du = ch lc ra nhng cnh bo bng vi gi tr nhp trong ct Criteria l Reset

Sau khi chn xong cc iu kin mc Condition v Criteria chn tip Apply lc cc cnh bo cn tm. Acknowledge Selection: Xc nhn cc cnh bo c chn trong trang hin th cnh bo.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Acknowledge group selection: Xc nhn nhm cc cnh bo c chn trong phn Alarms Browser. Acknowledge page: Xc nhn cc cnh bo nm trong trang cnh bo. Clear selection: Xa cc cnh bo c chn trong trang hin th cnh bo (cc cnh bo ch c xa sau khi c xc nhn) Clear group selection: Xa cc cnh bo c chn theo nhm trong phn Alarms Browser. Clear page: Xa cc cnh bo trong trang cnh bo. Suspend Update: Ngng cp nht cnh bo trong khi vn hnh khng nn Click vo Tool ny. 7.2 Trang Events. Trang Events dng hin th cc s kin xy ra ca cc thit b trong khi vn hnh. V cu trc hin th thng tin th trang Events cng c b tr gn tng t nh trang Alarms. Phn trn cng l Events Tool l cc cng c ngi vn hnh thc hin thao tc vi cc s kin nh sp xp v lc. Phn pha bn tri l Events Browser c cu trc hnh cy ging nh trong trang Alarms. V phn gia l phn hin th cc Events. Cc s kin m t chi tit qu trnh din bin xy ra trong tng thit b, cn cc cnh bo ch xut hin khi cn thit ty theo ngi s dng t cnh bo cho ngi vn hnh bit. Khi c bt c mt s kin mi no xut hin th s kin s c in ra my in LEXMARK.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Thng tin chung Phn hin th Events: + Mi mt Alarm xut hin u hin th theo mt dng chung hm cha cc thng tin sau:

Date: l phn hin th thi gian xut hin s kin. Thi gian c tnh ti phn nghn ca giy. Origin: l phn hin th v tr ca thit b sinh ra Events . Object name: l phn hin th s kin din ra ti thit b . Event Message: L phn hin th thng tin ca s kin. Thng tin chung Phn Events Browser: Mc ch ca phn ny nhm gip ngi vn hnh nm bt c nhng s kin xy ra ti nhng thit b trong h thng. Vic la chn ch ng quan st cc s kin cng ging nh phn cnh bo. V d nh khi ng v tr l SCS th ta ch quan st c cc s kin xy ra ca h thng mng SBUS, LBUS v TELEBUS. Thng tin chung Phn Event Tools: + y l cc cng c dng x l cc thng tin i vi cc s kin. Khi ta di chuyn con tr ti mt chc nng no th tn ca chc nng s hin ra. Cc chc nng c th ca Alarms Tools l: Print List: Khi ngi vn hnh Click chut vo Tool ny th ton b cc s kin hin th trong trang Events s c in ra theo mt form nh sn ca hng AREVA trn my in mu HP Laser. Configue Filter: y l Tool dng sp xp v lc cc s kin. Khi click vo Tool ny th bng hi thoi s hin ln ngi vn hnh c th thc hin vic sp xp hay lc cc cnh bo.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

Khi thc hin chc nng sp xp (sort) th ngi vn hnh c th t chc sp xp cc cnh bo theo mt trnh t nht nh nh bng sau: nh ngha Area name Type name User name Funcname Operaror note Inhibited Chc nng

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Substituted Force Quanlity Substatus Time Stamp Validity OPC_b_0 OPC_b_1 OPC_b_2 OPC_b_3 OPC_b_4 OPC_b_5 OPC_b_6 OPC_b_7 Severity Custom Message 1 Custom Message 2 Event Message Object name Sp xp s kin theo dng tin nhn ca s kin. V d nh chn Trip Open, hay Close xem s kin ng ct ca cc thit b. Sp xp s kin theo tn thit b. V d nh chn Circuit Breaker.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI Event type Quanlity Date Sp xp cc s kin theo kiu ca s kin nh: s kin v iu khin thit b (Control Events) Sp xp s kin theo cht lng ca s kin Sp xp s kin theo thi gian xy ra s kin

Khi thc hin chc nng lc cc s kin (Filter) th ngi vn hnh c th t chc sp xp cc cnh bo theo mt trnh t nht nh nh bng sau: nh ngha Chc nng Lc cc s kin theo cc ghi ch ca ngi vn Operator note hnh Inhibited Substituted Forced Quanlity Substatus Time Stamp Validity OPC_b_0 OPC_b_1 OPC_b_2 OPC_b_3 OPC_b_4 OPC_b_5 OPC_b_6 Trm bin p 500kV Thng Tn Trang 69

Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI OPC_b_7 Severity Custom Message 2 Custom Message 1 Event Message Object name Event type Quanlity Date Lc s kin theo dng tin ca s kin. V d nh chn Trip, Open, hay Close xem s kin ng ct ca cc thit b. Lc s kin theo tn thit b. V d nh chn Circuit Breaker. Lc cc s kin theo kiu ca s kin nh: s kin v iu khin thit b (Control Events) Lc s kin theo cht lng ca s kin. Lc s kin theo thi gian xy ra s kin.

Mt v d khi ta lc cc s kin theo thi gian xy ra s kin (Date). Khi ta Click chut vo ch Configue Filter th bng hi thoi hin ra. Ti dng Date ta c th chn ct Condition l >= chn cc s kin xy ra k t sau thi im c chn trong ct Criteria. Sau khi chn xong cc iu kin mc Condition v Criteria chn tip Apply lc cc cnh bo cn tm.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

7.3 Trang Trends. y l trang m ngi vn hnh c th xem c din bin ca cc gi tr nh cng sut (P,Q), tn s, in p, dng in ca cc ngn l theo thi gian. S liu c th hin th c l trong vng hai tun. Khi hin th th theo thi gian ca cc gi tr, nu ta di chuyn chut ti mt im no (im c hnh vung trn mn hnh) th trn mn hnh s hin ln gi tr o c ca i lng ti im v ch ra cht lng ca i lng l tt hay xu theo quan im ca ngi s dng t. Ngi vn hnh c th tng hoc gim chia thi gian trc thi gian c th quan st c gi tr mnh cn mt cch r nht bng cch n vo nt Implode hoc Explode trn Menu ca Trends. Hoc cng c th Click vo nt Zoom Mode By Time hay Zoom Mode By Area c hnh nh knh lp trn Menu ca Trends quan st c r hn. Khi Click vo nt Play trn Menu ca Trends th th s tr v gi tr quan st c l thi im hin ti.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

Trang Trends ny gip ngi vn hnh c th theo di thng s vn hnh ca cc ngn l mt cch trc quan nht v qua ngi vn hnh c th bit c cht lng ca gi tr l tt hay xu.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI

III. Cng tc kim tra v bo dng.

1. Kim tra h thng trong vn hnh. Khi nhn ca v trong thi gian i ca nhn vin vn hnh phi nh k kim tra trng thi vn hnh ca ton b cc thit b trong h thng. - Kim tra trng thi hot ng ca cc C264, my tnh HMI, my tnh k s, my tnh Gateway, Ethenet Switch; kim tra cc s kin, cnh bo xy ra gn nht. - Kim tra kt ni trong h thng bng cch v Tab System. Nu cc kt ni c hin th l mu xanh th c ngha l cc thit b ang c kt ni tt. Nu l mu khc ( hoc trng) th phi bo cho ngi chu trch nhim v k thut ti trm bit gii quyt. - V h thng c ng b ha thi gian thng qua GPS nn phi nh k kim tra i chiu thi gian gia cc thit b trong h thng. - Khi xut hin bt c mt cch bo no th cn phi tm hiu r nguyn nhn v gii tr. Cnh bo ch c gii tr khi n hin th trn mn hnh HMI c nn mu xanh (tr cc cnh bo v h thng mng Ethenet). - Kim tra s cp nht thng s ca cc thit b trn mn hnh hin th ti HMI. Lu l chu k qut cc thng s l 60s. 2. Cng tc bo dng . Do h thng s ghi li tt c cc s kin din ra khng nhng ch ti cc thit b trong Trm m cn c nhng nhiu lon din ra trong h thng. V th d liu c tch ly dn theo tng ngy. m bo cho h thng vn hnh tt th ba thng mt ln cn phi sao chp li d liu gii phng b nh cho my tnh theo hng dn sau: - Vo th mc theo ng dn sau: C:/SharedWorksapce/ArchivePacis dng lnh Cut ca Windows sao chp d liu ca ba thng ra mt th mc khc hoc lu vo a CD. Cc my tnh HMI1, HMI2, Engineering Workstation, Gateway hot ng 24/24 v th cn phi m bo thng thong cho cc my tnh hot ng. Trnh tnh trng my tnh b b, bi bn gy nng dn n vic treo my. Nghim cm vic t ci t, thay i cc thng s trong h iu hnh (sa i trong Registry) v a cc di ng, a mm, a CD vo my tnh.

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Quy trnh vn hnh h thng HMI CHNG I: TNG QUAN V H THNG IU KHIN V BO V TCH HP PACiS .......................................................................................... 3 I. Gii thiu v h thng iu khin v bo v tch hp .................... 3 II. H thng in hnh ca MICOM - AREVA ................................... 4 1. Khi nim v h thng......................................................................... 4 2. M hnh h thng ca MICOM p dng cho cc trm bin p........... 7 3. Tm tt v m hnh h thng bo v, t ng ha v iu khin tch hp PACiS............................................................................................... 10 CHNG II:H THNG IU KHIN V BO V TCH HP TI TRM 500kV THNG TN ..................................................................... 12 I. Gii thiu.......................................................................................... 12 II. Cc thit b trong h thng, chc nng v ch vn hnh. ...... 29 1. Cc thit b trong h thng. ............................................................... 29 2. Cc ch d phng. ........................................................................ 29 3. Mng Ethernet. .................................................................................. 30 4. H thng GPS. ................................................................................... 30 5. My tnh ngn l C264...................................................................... 31 6. My tnh HMI.................................................................................... 32 7. My tnh Gateway. ............................................................................ 33 8. My tnh k s................................................................................... 33 9. My tnh xch tay. ............................................................................. 34 CHNG III:THNH PHN GIAO DIN VI NGI S DNG CA PACiS ( HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE )................................. 35 I. Gii thiu chung. ............................................................................. 35 II. Human Machine Interface ( HMI ). .............................................. 37 1. Gii thiu chung. ............................................................................... 37 2. Mn hnh pha bn tri....................................................................... 37 3. Mn hnh gia.................................................................................... 41 4. Mn hnh phi.................................................................................... 44 5. Cc Menu chnh................................................................................. 47 6. Chc nng iu khin........................................................................ 52 7. Chc nng gim st thng tin............................................................ 57 III. Cng tc kim tra v bo dng.................................................... 73 1. Kim tra h thng trong vn hnh..................................................... 73 2. Cng tc bo dng .......................................................................... 73

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