Simulations

Topics : Respiration (Form 4)

Subtopics : Gaseous Exchange in Respiration

Learning Outcomes :

a) To identify the respiratory structures in human.

b) To describe the characteristics of respiratory surfaces in human.
c) To explain the gaseous exchange within blood.

1. The respiratory structures in human are :

Mouth, nose, trachea, lung, bronchi, bronchiole, alveoli

Trachea

Bronchi

Lung

2. The special characteristics of alveoli to maximise rate of gaseous exchange are :

 i. Large surface area

ii. One layer of cell thick

iii. moist

Bronchi

Alveoli

3. The alveoli is surrounds with a tiny and a lot of blood capillaries to increase
gaseous exchange in the lungs.
4. Oxygen from alveoli is absorb into the red blood cells while carbon dioxide is release
from red blood cells into the alveoli.

Red blood cell

align one by
one though the
blood capillary.

5. The unique structures of respiratory tract allow gaseous exchange occur rapidly. After
diffusion of oxygen into red blood cells in capillaries, the oxygenated blood are
transfered to the whole of body.

One cell thick

of alveoli and