Fertilization

sperm

Fusion of sperm and egg egg

zygote

blastocyst
 TWIN FORMATION
Identical twin or monozygotic twin (from one
egg)
Single fertilized egg (zygote)

Split into 2 (day 2) Twin are more

independently

Early blastocyst (day 4)

Late blastocyst (day 6) Share amnion, chorion

And amniotic sac
 Non identical twin
 usuallyoccur when two fertilized eggs are
implanted in the uterine wall at the same time
two egg cell released and fertilized by two
different sperm cell
Occur at the same time
Each embryo is in its own amniotic sac and has
its own placenta.
 Monozygotic twin
Have almost identical brain wave pattern.
Eg: if one twin's tooth doesn't grow in, his or her identical
twin will most likely miss the tooth as well.
Mirror twin are also monozygotic
Have mirror characteristic
Eg:one may have a dimple on the left side, and the other a
dimple on the right.
 Ways of
monozygotic
twin develop

-1 placenta
-1 placenta -2 placenta
(mono-chorial)
-1 amnion sac (bi-chorial)
-2 amnion sac
-‘mono-amniotic’ -2 amnion sac
-‘Bi-amniotic’
 How Identical Twins are Not
Identical?
• Identical twins share the same DNA - but
do not have identical DNA.
• Environmental factors both prenatal and
after the babies are born