Name: Date:

1(a)

Program Elit

Marks:

(i) State three characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier.

[ 3 marks ]

The diagram below shows the voltage transfer characteristics for an operational amplifier.

Saturation

(V+ - V-) /

Saturation

(ii)

What is the open loop gain for this amplifier? V- ) mean?

[2 marks] [1 mark ] [1 mark] [1 mark] [2 marks]

(iii) What does the symbol ( V+

(iv) Explain why this is known as a differential amplifier.

(b) ( i) What is meant by negative feedback for an operational amplifier? (ii) Give two advantages of negative feedback. (c) In the circuit shown,

(i) If the input voltage, Vi = 0.40V, what is the output voltage?

[2 marks]

(ii) If the input voltage in an alternating sinusoidal voltage of the peak value 0.60V, sketch on the same axes, the graph of voltage against time for V i and Vo. [ 3 marks]

Solution : (a) (i) Characteristics : - very high input impedance - Output impedance is low - high open loop gain - gain decreases as frequency increases (ii) Gain = gradient of the graph = 10 / 5 x 10-6 = 2 x 106 (iii) The difference between the two input voltages (iv) (Output voltage, Vo = A(V+ inverting input) V- ), shows the difference of inverting input and non[ any three ]

(b) (i) A fraction of output voltage applied to inverting input (-). (ii) - Less distortion - Less saturation at output - Stable amplification - constant for wider /bandwidth frequency range

(c) (i) A = ( 1 + (ii)

Rf Rin

) = 15 V0 = 15 X 0.30 = 4.5 V