V rr

nvenii
The; Flying Automobile to Be fAe Carl who invented ENVELOPES?
of the Future
living: at a distance from a large city,
The Firing for the traveliDgr salessr-ar., Mho now uses
Motor Car the motor highways to cover his
of the Future,
as Predicted br territory.
Casn- E. Y. Recent glider trials he! throughout Eu-
Rickenhacker. rope have shown ways of increasing the
The Machine lifting Bower, while reJ'Jcsng tlie spread
Would Be of airplane usiEgs. Further. It has been
Equipped with demonstrated that -with properly con-
^ Folding Wings structed \vings and properly designed mo-
for Flight and tors it is possible to fly almost any type
with Pontoons of faselagc.
for Water "The development of automatic safety
Travel. devices to control ivght will decrease the
liability of accidenV says Caps. Escken-
backer. "To-day riving is no more dar.-
frerous than motoring on the streets nnd
highways—sojnetimes I think _it is not as
dangerous. However, peop!e have a. fejr
of flying: that will ha-vc to be overcome,
just "as '.hey had to o\ ercome their 1c.ir
of traveling- twenty miles &n hos;r in the
horseless carnage of twenty years ago.
"Saie in time 01 war, there is 3:0 nee 3
for^tunt Hying- and that is the o->!y really
cangerons parr in l:v>.r.g. It is a good b:t
hke driving through, heavy tna6ic_at sbrly
miles an hour—everv one <Ioes!i"i have the
skiil to do it.
"Rigid rules will L-e la;U UO-A-S lor fly-
iheHomeWorK
greater degree of safety than BOW is pos-
sible oa the streets and highways.
"I; would not take a great str tec of
i'Ksgiaation to foresee municipalities re?r-
n!st!.->g the height of buildings to uni-
formity, the streets to be bridge*!, in
crdtr to form one vast landing- field in
the center of each cityfor 3\ing ir.a-
chines. Tne landing fields or tops of the
buildings coald be connected with the
street level by elevators so that a machine
alighting could descend to the street and
be driven about as an automobile. At
the end of the business day it would be
driven back tc the elevator and lifted to
the roof to take off for the homeward
d-ght.
"Such a forecast is more than pare
fancy. It is founded on present progress
ia automobile and airplane design.''
An Improved Nursing Bottle
W
HEN an infant sucks milk
through the nipple of a >ni!k
bottle, air must cater the bottle,
iroi»! somewhere, to take the place of
ti.e milk—or the milk can't lca-.e. In the
conventional nipple, this air has to leak
>:! j'.rough th« same hole that the nnik
comes out of- Two-way traffic on a sin-
gle-track road is HO mere impracticable
tl>an this.
To overcome this, a new type of milk
bottle has been designed. At the lower
<*ru the bottle is pierced with a large
hole: and around this hole is placed a
UST when envelopes were Invented 1760 for the transmission of two Impoi*
J no one can definitely say, bat the tant government documeats-
honor is claimed by a. number of However, it is probable that envelope*
persons. In 1653 3L de VaJUyer, cnder were nos in common use until nexAy a
royal patronage, established in Paris a hundred years later, according to tie
postal system for letters in post-paid en- Paihfisder. In 1S25 Lamb Mentions
I elopes- In the office of the Brhuh See- the envelope, and ia "Harry Lorre-
retary of State is an envelope which in- qoer," published by Cbmles Lever ia
closed a letter dated May 16, 1696, -writ- 1S37, is this quotation: "The -waiter en-
ten by Sir William Tarnbull, then Secre- ured -wjth a small note in an envelope."
tary of State, to Sir Janies Ogilvie, of It is claimed th*s envelopes were ased in
London. In 1714 Bishop Burnett made Frasce before they were introduced in
use of the word •"envelope" in referring England, and there seems to be good
to a. wrapper or cover of a, cciEJKanica.- ground for the claim. Whea they first
tion. came on the French market they *ere
There are preserved in the British Mu- very dainty novelties ind were made
seum, attached to the letters, the en- from the most expensive and delicate pa-
velopes which were used in 1755 and pers. They were used only by the
f wealthy, and were considered a fad.
They were used by the public in England
in a limited way between 1S30 and 1839.
It has been claimed that about 1830 a
bookseller in Brighton, England, by the
had BO filtering effect, this would pre-
serve the milk a good deal better from name of Brewer, made envelopes by hand,
the action of germs in the incoming- a«r; and thai he was the first manufacturer of
and he points out that there is less cool- envelopes; but there are quite a number
ing action by the air on the milk. Cer- of others who claimed to be "Srst" in this
tainly there "arc less air bubbles in the l«ne, including manufacturers in New-
milk." York, Boston, Philadelphia and Louis-
ville. However, there is no one KOTV living
A Handy Eraser who can testify on the subject, and no
authentic records are available* for proof.
Before envelopes were introduced th*
DEVICE for holding an eraser al- custom, was to fold the letter sheet ^to
A
make it answer the purpose of an envel-
ways ready for instant use, yet out ope and, then seal it witff wax. On all
of the way, is the invention of a folded note and 'letter pages the fourth

T TTK flying automobile will be Use car

of the near future, according to
Captain E. V. Rickenbacker, Uncle
Sam's famous ace of the world war. This
Here Is
a Model
of the Flying
circular shoulder of glass. Then it is
?impie to tarn a regular nipple inside out
and hang it over this shoulder, so that
i; projects within the.bottle. The hole
Chicago man, Merrill 51. Hunting. Is. is page w»s left- unruled, the object being
especially adapted for use by typists, to
bookkeepers and draftsmen.
use the unruled page for the outside
of the letter on which to write the ad-
dress- While the unruled fourth, page
11 this nipple is smaller, even, than that To look about for an eraser when one no longer serves its original purpose, file
new model of motor car, it is predicted, Automobile wants it momentarily is a bother. But old custom on rujed folded note and let-.
through v/hich the baby is accustomed
•will be made v.-ith folding wings, so that to get his milk; and the exposed inside this contrivance holds it fast to a finger, „_., ter paper of leaving the fourth page un-
•when on a straight stretch, of road they Roadster, of the nipple is filled witk clean cotton. so that it is always in readiness, yet not ruled stilj prevails, though probably^ very
can be spread and the machine will take The net result is that no miik leaks out, interfering with free use of the hand. few
" of~ the
" younger generation * can
~ tell
Built by It. is held on the. middle
to th* sir. The present-day tendency to but with every pull that baby gives on -" *'1 .
-"—- "- ..1-1- =•• :finger
—'- . - bv
-*-a
J
whv this is done.
Envelopes were first made b>-hand and
lighten the construction of automobiles Allen H. Russell, ti>e regular nipple, air leaks in. The spring split ring, to wmch it is connected
through the extensive use of aluminum cdvanteges are not -restricted to the *»: * SinaU flexible coiled sprung. Tne the usual method of manufacture^ -was
of Xntfey, N". J- smooth, regular feeding which the_ bottle other end of the coiled spring engages this: A tin .form -was made the shape
alloys, without sacrificing the safecy fac- of theT not. unfolded blank, the paper
tor, and the great progress made in air- is primarily aimed to provide, but include having; been cut into lozenge-shaped
plane construction as the result of recent collapsed, pieces. " TRis tin form was laid -on per-,
experiments with motorless gliders, as weE automobile haps twenty-five pieces of paper and "a.
as motor gliders, are the two factors that •which
•will make this possible. convex AUI.C. .. -— - , • ..
sharp shoemaker's knife- followed round
the edses of the tin form, thus «ottin|t
\
This combination automobile-airplane, Imagine the convenience of being able ens from the present-flay a* r car. y the position of the nipple with the blank. The blanks were then creased
as Captain Rickenbacker describes it in to drive around in the city, as is done cept in its decreased sue. body will reference to the milk when the bottle is
to reduce t'pped 'f you don't believe it. The in- with a boae folder or thimble. The
Popular Science Monthly, will have a body nowadavs, and, then when you start for be" narrower and shorter. blanks were gummed by overlapping and
shaped similar to rhe present' hydroplane some other town and get on a straight weight, and wili_ be or aa modified streairi- vcutor believes that, even if the cotton applying- the gum with a brush. This Trork
hull, making it both, a. water and .land of vrav or eT>ter a nearbv pasture,.to un- line design. was done in small "bookshops^* (U they
machine. The wheels will protrude suffi-. f—-
fold tie wings
_ _ _ _* _
on the
.-.
machine
" _ » »

eiently to permit the machine to be driven to the air! It wi'I mean quicker trans-
and1 take
A-.1*—
lighter
I- S. t. ... .
and.! smaller, but with, aooutj.b<.
same horsepower as is used 10-0*-. Smoke Bombs for •were then called") oa rainy days and -when
there was no other work to be done.
on the highwav after the wings have been noT-tatioi for the suburbanite, for people through, the use of the sec When envelopes were first made the
" *' ' "The wings will fold b sealing flaps were tmgummed "ind *eA
A "Horseback" Ridinff Device S^l^mi^Sc^i,^^ T
i JIG *> *»i£j.* » » i=* _-^i— —— -^ _ , r

I T is aften said that horseback riding
is one o£ the best exercises in the
world. Xot... everybody,
, - however,
, - . owns
, ^^ZTi"^J^fjS
*. horse, or would dare to ride one in these
days of multitudinous .motors.
Hence the usefulness of a contrivance
developed by John J. Cooper, of Stam-
ford, Conn.," which, the inventor claims,
gives &Ji equivalent benefit by "inducing
muscular action, of the abdomen, legs,
shoulders, neck and back."'
In. effect, the apparatus is a stationary
and -wheelless bicycle, with the usual
saddle and handle-bars, the fork in front
being prolonged sufficiently to reach "the
ground—i. e., the floor—where its lower
ends are pivoted in brackets so as to be .-.GLOBED pi*™ t^lu. b/ yS^S^^^S^&^C^
JLVJLU.lJ.lg J-Tt/T A\^V, *
mediate arrangement of a pair of coiled soari that it is possible to ouild on t-e
springs for resilience. _ time use, greatly developed since the war.
% 3Z
bicvcle frame, and the resilience of the
spring^ the rider gets many simultaneous
muscular movements, every one of which
has a meaning of its own for heahhful
exercise and the reduction of supemuous
adipose tissue-
The inventor lays special
Colored Pictures Sent by Radio
HE idea—its origin attributed to the
he ^ off ,hc ground st a moderate
im; \.tj.i vi* I..;*- ^-—- — — „ • cuttlefish—of creating an obscurity
"take-ofT speed. The twenty-nve-ioo,.
in which to hide has been, for mari-
present-day motor car—twelve and one-
«a!f foot v.ings on each sieie—wiii ce One method, with which Uncle Sam's
the lighter ana more ravy has recently been experimenting, is
efficfentlv built irachine. of 1940- to drop from a living airplane a cor.tinu-
"Consider what such a roacnine wih oxis series of small phosphorous bombs.
n who vorks '-" tne ciu". The latter, being: made of wood, float,
:\eral miles fartlitr a^ay and. on the surface of the sea. form s. long
He >f the city anc spend less
line, a distance of only a few yards separ-
smri Troll- T\Or-v- J--V jlV- ating each bomb from the nest one.
a The bombs, their fuses set off automat-
icaliy as thev are dropped from the plane,
liberate clouds of white smoke which form
a vzll impenetrable to the eye. The
smoke resembles a dense mist, behind
which warcraft may maneuver unseen.
It may be employed in warfare for other
closed by applying at the point of" ffift
sealing flap* a wafer of sealing wax.
About 1840 "there appeared on-the mar-
The Device Holds the Eraser to the
ket envelopes "with a smalt "lick of" from"
Finger Without Interference about half an-inch square-at. the point
with the Free Use cf the Hand.
of the sealing flap, ^and this very soo^
supplemented the, isafep of wax. When»
with a rivet the "stirrup" that grips tne however,, as a still f urf&sr. improvement
disk-shaped eraser. sonje.
_ _ _ „ .manufacturers
. . . . .1>egan
_ to gam? the
Normally (as t!ie drawing shows) the whole of the sealing: amp..many protested
eraser rests against the palm of the hand, against it; and while -willing: to moisten
so that it does not interfere with the use the small spot of gum,"-for sanitary^w*-
of
— the fingers. When, wanted for use,
— —„— . sons "tney - were not -willing i to- "Kefc" th»
a pressure of the thumb turns it into enure flap. Aiter some time ..
operative position, the coiled, spring readily- dice was overcome and. envelopes with
yielding for the purpose. gummed flaps rapidly came into favor.
An Electric Lighter for Firss

I
L y radio were shown reecntly ior tne ^ WuP. Thjs gn es the " effect
~ ' as ""
s^own uses, but the object sought in any case is N rural sections where it is de cus-
movable. eonceaSenient.
The pedals, actuated by the rider in first time. Captain George A. Tay- on the original Colored pictures ar tne tom to let fires go out during the
ordinary fash:oii._drive s. sprocket-wheel Sir.oke screens were commonly used
darusg the great war. Phosphorus, emit- night, and where wood is depended
that has a hub off the center, and which ted from so-called "smoke boxes." -was upon entirely for fuel, an apparatus de-
is thus made to revoHe eccentrically, utilized for the concealment of vessels
jouncing the indoor horseman up and scribed in Practical Electrics may be
down. With this movement the fork is seeking escape from submarines. But the found iery useful during the Winter
their glory"of color. He also esi)la:neu notion of employing airplanes to throw
process in. Kadio Digest. curtains of artificial mist across the sea, time. 'When residing in the country the
The colored picture for transmission ashown process bv which drawings can_ oe
being- made at a distance, ar.n now i>v~the method above described or by_uis- -vnriter made one which worked perfectly,
by radio is photographed through screens charging a chemical vapor directly from ^g aODaratns |g constructed of the fol-
on to metal plates in the ordinary way for the flying machine, is altogetaer new. ^.^ Aerials- Three binding posts,
printing in -die three_primary cojors-7-yei- - » the-"-
- actual makin--
cne %-inch induction coil, four dry cells,
low, red and blue, tach plate is printed
in black ink and the print is enlarged so
that when acid etched on a metal plate
it will hare deep etchings between the
To Make Ball Pitching Perfect The object: of the pitcher, engaged in
a block of wood 4x6s%, a match, a
switch, and the necessary wire to make
the connections-
L URIXG what may be called the Mount -two of the binding posts on the
screen Ines.
The plate is then placed in a cylinder
moving -with a needle conurg in contact D '•off"' season for baseball, i; Is
necessary that a pitcher s'-a':! keep
with the metal parts untouched _by the in Dract.ce. For this purpose and also for
practice, "is to hit with the thrown ball
that part of the target which is contained
within the rectangle. Every such hit
counts as a ''strike."' T.'hen the ball hits
block opposite each other, and with the
aid of two pieces of shon: wire make a
spark gap. The third post is mounted
about TOO inches back from the center of
acid, and such contacts are transmitted b> the target anywhere outside ot^the jrect- these toro. Through the hole of this post a
radio over any distance in the simple "dot ancrle it counts as a ''ball."' me object A Fire Lighter Which Ignites a Sheet
match is placed and securely clamped so of Paper so as to Set Kindling Wood
and dash"' method, the "dot and dash"' the regular training oenoe. a >ew in "view, of course, Is to cult;-, ate accu- that its head will fall in the spark gap on Fire and.Start a Coal Store.
being easily picked up as in ordinary re- Yorker.~Ado!ph O. Schonbcrg. has .mcr.tr- racv and control. between the other two iindrag- posts. Make
ception bv radio, ar.d made to establish ed a "pitchers target all the necessary connections to the coil
contact by means of ar. ink-marker on to and battery. ll be adjacent to the head of th© match.
a cylinder moving at the same speed as Before retiring at night kindling^ and When the current is turned on the spark
that at the transmitter. wood are placed in the fire box of the -KT!! ignite the match and thas the paper
The receiving cylinder, however, is co~>- cbia stove. A piece of paper is trailed from wii! catch fire and trail tip to the kindling
ercd -with paper so that, at the receiving the grate to the hesfth", where the lighter :n the stove. The result is a warm
station the "picture is received in black as 10 bct rests, and arranged so that an edge of it kitchen when the family comes down.
transmitted. It is then reduced to the black Iin Tre

tert- pic: To Prevent Writer's Cramp,

For vears. -various mechanical devices Through this plaster-of-Paris model she

The Pedals of the Exerciser Pnve a
Sprocket V,"heel with the Hub Off Centre to slide a key a? or down to "lace" or
Which Causes Ihe Rider to Botmce Up and
Down as in Horseback Ridir.g.
the other aroun
his arms.
other be":
screwed into ihe -ioor, •nith
What the Inventors Are
(HE interlocking steel iaclr.g princi-
for
bought, the laces are tightened to fit the
foot. After that )t is necessary merely
"unlace"' the shoe. Tre automatic laccr
s placed on the side of the shoe, which
otherwise ressmblss t.:e recu'ar artic'e.
*. * *
An automatic lighter haa been designer
which is attached to a"A con •^ater^ nea^r
p.n<1 :na%" be oocratcc f~o*n ary tioor o:
th? horn's. A pattr-ted --^-K i£ ;r.stal" -.
n: gas to t".e"burner ar.-i'"oroo--es a pilot
light. A chair, L=; cor.r.tctc l %Jih t'. is a-^
°(i to ar.;. ftoor -loir^:. y acre _it
i- fixed to a -*sj! pint-'- B" ^-.llirr t,' o
chain to a hook on the plats the gss .^
have been tricU for the prevention 01 thrust a lead pencil. With this as -a guide,
writers' cramp in those who have to write a mold of •willow wood of similar contour
constantly. There recently appeared a was made in the artificial limb department
turned on and the picture of Paol Vosbarg-, z. German ir.- of tne Institute for Cripcled and Disabled
ventor, usinfc v.hat was described as Men. The mold was hollowed out in, the
center, for lightness. The pen^or pencil,
"blocks of woo-a"' for this purpose. which passes through the body 01 the
"J tiave seen molds of dental wax used, block, is retained in position by -wrapping
to save waste. but their weight :s a serious objection." a few turns of robber baad around the
A telcscoclc star,'', pas been ms--"- that savs Dr. ReeinaW K. Sax-re :n The Journal pen or pencil ^here it projects at the top
__ •.
11 the. American
. r _ _ _ M^chcal
^ T _ j.^-i Association
_* ~~^~;««..rt^. "-VT!^C 3r>f} at
»t. the
rhp. bottom.
nottom. TUG
The entire atraratus*
aparatus,
\r~ll ^ol'l o^ant* ir. s.ny po~it on • ~ ro j ». cJ:n-c at ins XTni- per.cil and al1, weighs slightly n:ore than
The larger ar.;- j-ea- <-- "• « rot. tV -ore Keer.lv. the clerk .n one ounce, althocen it is iargs -enough to
% srsity and Bellevue Hosoltal Medical Col- fiU the hand with the fingers only slightly
position desire-:. I-y. .|i r,o" legs, was verr nrach troubled with pain
i^atcs tiie (ia^icr^r 01 t^z s>» in her right arm ar.-i 5 and 7-henever she 'In the use of this apparains, haad *sd
;et- \VI:en ro; ;T use. it f-3 ha<i -rrach -sritjpg to t'.o. arid after exp_er*- Suger motion is elimirjated, the patiest?a
-pace. isenr.rs: -srith variotis r-.tthocs to relieve hand or the lower end of the wooden
her hand from crarro. I-a f i the apuaratus mold sliding along the paper, "wipe elbow
Too;"'. 33?.<J<- :i:st cas afforded --er great relief. and shoulder motion are eKipJored ia
cac"; row o: bnrlc^ ca- .-.= Keeriv
sr! ir.at-t, ir.e orlglr-al Eocel writing. . ., , , ,
T-cr-- a-f tl by j'Oiiir.g a Vet o'a-txr-of-Paris - - - bar>d-
- - ^xhe device could procaoly be maoe oy
s.bc-5 the ra1 - "TV* rri^' C TJ,e Pitcher Iran-eves His Accuracy
r<r c>- !-y TVftiin;: the Bali So That It Comes agrc
-•',: - . ,-„ " Within the Hectangle Indicated
, • - -'-c^t. on the Figure Shown Above.
be coT.cn:cr.V.> carri