rdk;aomufa&mifeD

&cdkifuAsmrsm;
(Light In The Sky)

June 28, 2006

 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ol½dkUaMumifh
&cdkifor
usonfhrsuf&nf
jrpfyifv,fodkU rdk;&DodkU --/

armifayguf
(&cdkifjynf)

tHBudwfoH
rdk;aumif;wkef;cg
&Gm&m&Gm/

(0&if;wkwf)

rdk;&dyf
rdk;&dyf
wvdyfvdyf wufvm
BudK;vdkU&Gm --/

rdk;&dyf
(Asm'dwfNrD)

yEéuf
wdkufqif
ppfqifzdkU aemufqkwf --/

rkefwdkif;Budrf;zdkU
wdrf;eDa& --/

(1)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
[def;vnf;[def;
Budrf;vnf;Budrf;0g;
wedaomtcg --/

(rdk;&dyf)

0#f
rcspfaomfvnf;
aygif;azmf&onf
tdrfuyD;pyfygaomaMumifh/

(armifrSef)

oefUpifjcif;
a&TqdkpGm
rusifciftrdIuf
usifvdkufrS a&Tjzpf --/

(a&T&cdkif)
(July 16, 2005) peDed/

uH
rw&pfuJh
cpfvdrfhrnf --/

(0&if;wkwf)
(June 30, 2005)

0uef

(2)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&au csDusL;
r&au csvl; --/

(0&if;wkwf)
(June 26, 2005)

0uef (2)
pGwfaux
oGdauxdkif --/

Murf;ydk;udk
zspfvnf;zspf
erf;vnf;erf;/

rkedajrtrSwf (5)

xaxmif
]0} r[dbJ
]0d} vkyfcsifvQif
oifonf ]xaxmif} jzpfvdrfhwum; --/

(0&if;wkwf)

cGeftm;
0g;wkwf (ESifh) eysdK;yif
eysdK;yif (ESifh) 0g;wkwf --/

(omvSOD;)

(3)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

tp (ESifh) tqHk;
tprSm wuf<u
tqHk;rS <uwuf --/

(omvSOD;)

tbmtbm xx
wysif;tdyfvdkU
w&D;Edk;vm
rdk;vif;,m --/

(omvSOD;)

iSufuO
*[Zm - x - cg
OuúX
*[Zm – us - cg
XuúO

(0&if;wkwf)
(July 1, 2005)

&cdkifom;uRef
&cdkifom;uRef
ukvm;udk tEdkifcH
jrefrmus zifcH --/

(a&T&cdkif)

(4)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

twÅy*sif; yufusdrsm;
ukvm;udkvnf; atmufus
bkrm;qdkvnf; a,mufz --/

(a&T&cdkif)

Muuf
iSufjzpfygvQuf
rysHwwfaomf
oifhudkolrsm; pm;vdrfhrnf --/

(omvSOD;)

bk&m;0rf;yl
vludkjrifvQif
om;aumifxifonf
tMuif bk&m;0rf;ylrsm; --/

(omvSOD;)

cGD;ykwf
ywkef;vIyfum
ukwf½Iwfvmonf
tpmiwfrGwf t&DuRwf --/

(omvSOD;)

(5)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ooF&m
vlUrpif
0uftpm ---/

(omvSOD;)

cGD;ywkef;
pGyfvdkufu ajzmifhajzmifh
cRwfvdkufu aumufaumuf --/

(omvSOD;)

awmfvSef,if;uRefjzpfolrsm;
ikwf,if;ay:
ay:,if;ikwf --/

jrKwf,if;avSmf
avSmf,if;jrKwf
pif;jywfjyKwf --/

(omvSOD;)

AcsD; (ESifh) ,cD;

AcsD; ,cD;
vHk;xGD;xGD; --/

AcsD; tD;yg

(6)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
,cD;em --/

AcsD; tD;ayguf
,cD;aMumuf --/

(ausmufoifykef;)

,cD;
&cdkifpifppf
,cD;jzpfonf
tESpfESpf&m uRefoufaMumifh --/

,cD;aysmfyg;
0atmifpm;onf
0rf;um;zl;a&mifvmaomaMumifh --/

(armifayguf)
(06/12/2004)

tdyfpufjcif;rS Edk;xMuavmh
&cdkifom;rsm;? tdyfpufjcif;rS
Edk;xMuavmh --/

&GmOD;ausmif;u? cwufacgufvdkU
zifudkeDawmifxdk;eDAsm,f --/

t*kxufxd? rEdk;odrfhvm;
0ufom;tqD? ,pfeDodrfhvm --/

0rf;MuifheDvm;
olaX;om;armifrif; --/

(7)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
0rf;acsylyl? olonf
vlvm; ewfvm;¿

(0&if;wkwf)
(June 24, 2005)

&cdkifor
&cdkifor
tvSyrSm
rdbOpöm
<u,f0ygvnf;
ynm&wem
jynfh0ygvnf;
Zmwdemus
azsmufr& --/

(omvSOD;)

&cdkifom;
&cdkifom;
&ifzwfum;um;
tm;aumif;armif;oef
vufzHvufarmif;
oHrPdacsmif; --/

&cdkifom;
rsdK;rmef0ifh<um;
usm;usm;,m;,m;
xif&Sm;ZrÁL
EIdif;wlr[d --/

(&cdkifBuD;uG)

(8)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ajr§mufyifhpum;? em;rvnfrjim;
&cdkifom;rSm? &yfapmuf&yfvQuf
rmewufaomf --/

ezl;usnfoifh? 0rf;tlyGifh\
vGifhustaumif? zufzl;a&mifonf
'l;axmifyufvuf *Ref;xdk;wnf; --/

(omvSOD;)

aer0iftifyg,mBuD;NydKuJGjcif;
ae0if;[m
ae0ifoGm;NyDrdkU
omxkbJac:vdkufMuayawmh
t&yfuwdkU&,f --/

(armifayguf)
rSwfcsuf/ / jrefrmuAsm

urÇmraus
urÇmraus
romajr
olcdk;awGae --/

jynfuRefjyK- udk toufay;vdkU

wdkUumuG,fr,f --/

rD;avmifajr
tusnf;wefae --/

tD;aygufwmeJU
uJGaMuEdkifwJh

(9)
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rkefUvayG --/

toufay; - r&&if
ESray; - vdkufav --/

tElxJu vlacsmav;awG
odyfawmfygw,f --/

rSwfcsuf/ / jrefrmuAsm

(ig;-usm;-zm;) taMumif;
ig;onf -
ukef;wGif r&Sif --/

usm;onf -
&DwGif rzrf; --/

zm;onf -
ukef;wGif - jcaoFh
&DwGif – vdyf --/

(0&if;wkwf)
(July 7, 2005) - Mumom;ywD;ed/

pdwfv,feDaom zm;waumif
zm;waumifonf
wdrfawmifxJrSm? ysHeDygaom
vdyfjymZmwd? olrodacs
yef;&drnfvm;? rpdkif;pm;acs
awG;rsm;aygif;pHk? ol htm½Hk0,f
yHkyef;rus? ½kyfrvS[k
pdwfua0zef eDownf; --/

( 10 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

cdkifpdk; (ppfawG)
(09/05/06)

zm;tawG;
wGif;acsu
zm;oli,frSm
jrifonfrSm --/

þrdk;tmum
us,fygvD\
ighwGif;0eefU
t&Sd&Sd --/

(omvSOD;)

acwfopf&mZ0if
ajymcDau nDñGwfa&;
vkyfcDau NydKuJG/

(0&if;wkwf)
(July 5, 2005) -tF*ged/

apwemaumif; a,mufcrEGm; tvum;ausmif;

ausmif;om;awmh ausmif;om;
bJGUwvHk;ygvmpGmu
(EGm;) ausmif;om; --/

(omvSOD;)

( 11 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

jrufajcmufrD;
aumuf½dk;rD;awmif
awmufod,ifh --/

t*kpGmu
jrufajcmufrD; --/

rD;urxGuf
rD;cdk;xGuf --/

(armifrSef)

oif;N*dK[fjcif;
av;[yfpyf
ysdKifcsyfawwÅmeefU
ydwf[yfcsKyf
ighudk NrDjr§Kwfvdkufuwfaw --/

ausmf0if;acs (acsmif;omBuD;)
(07/07/2000)

olcdk;
olcdk;zrf;yg
vrf;Mum;rSmvm;
yefumatmufwGif xdkifeDonf --/

(jrefrmpmqdkwOD;)

ckvm ckvm;

( 12 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

olcdk;olcdk;
vSHeefUxdk;
olcdk;csD;ayguf
igraMumuf --/

(*dk;acs)

trdk;eefUolcdk;
olcdk;wdu
tpdk;&
trdk;b0roufom --/

trdk;cGufudk
olcdk;cdk;aomtcg --/

trdk;rSm
rsufpdrjrifyg --/

cGufaysmufvdkU
vdkufvdkU&Sm --/

(omvSOD;)
(11/12/2004)

pepfqdk;
teHUr[da&yef;
qufNyD;erf;au
erf;vltjypfvm;
yef;tjypfvm; --/

(*dk;acs)

( 13 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&cdkifol&Jaumif;rsm;
rdk;yJGrS v,fxGef
olcdk;jyefrS usifuGif;jy
jcifaxmifxJu vufoD;qkwf
usm;udkjrif ywkef;ukwf --/

armifayguf
(&cdkifjynf)

&cdkifjynfwGifjyKvkyfonf
ordkif;udk jyef&GD;zdkUtpm;
ordkif;udk zefwD;uwfrnf --/

(a&T&cdkif)

(101) vwÅHU
t,ifvmyg
a,mufzac:onf
ray:zaysmuf
olavQmufom;vnf; rsm;vwÅHU --/

ukvm;aMumufvdkU
jrefrmudk;
jrefrmvrdk;
&cdkif½dkusdK; BudK;vwÅHU --/

oHa0*
vrf;azmufol

( 14 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
Budrfpl;vnf;pl;
oGD;vl;vl; --/

vrf;avQmufol
bk&m;vnf;zl;
vdyfOwl; --/

(omvSOD;)

arsmufBuD; (ESifh) a&SmufoD;

toD;pm;csif
tyifudk &Dravmif;
arsmufBuD; zifa[mif;avmif; --/

(omvSOD;)

j*mtdkus
0g;wkwfvnf;csdK;
oGm;ikwfusdK;
tzdk;t½kyfqdk; --/

(oHa0*)

0ufNcH
jynfaxmifpk- [k
ork', opöm
x&HumvQuf
jynfwef;qmr 0ufNcHxJrSm
igreDvdk
0ufqdkeDuwf aysmfvDuwf --/

( 15 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(aumif;pH&TD)

apmif;uef;
tdk;udkMunfhvdkU
cGufudkjrif --/

Burf;ydk;udkyif
vdyfa,mifxif --/

rmj'mrpif
cJ0grsufvHk; --/

omvSOD;
(11/06/2006)

a'vl acolr[kwf
&cdkifom;rSm
opfyifudk &Sifcgravmif;
oDcgrS &Davmif;/

t&Gufudkzsif
tyifudkcGwf
tcufudkcsdK;
t½dk;udk>cD
(oDcgrS)
&Davmif;zdkUwwfaw --/

a'vl acolr[kwf
ol&Jaumif; ol&Jaumif;
&Davmif; &Davmif;
&Davmif;uwf &cdkifom;½dkU --/

( 16 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(armifayguf)

&cdkifom;em&D
'DAGDbDrSm wywfrSm (15) rded
ArmjynfrSm (Adkvf½IyfBuD;rsm;owif;)
w&ufrSm rded (30)
b*Fvm;rSm wvrSm (15) rded
aygif;vdkufau pkpkaygif; (1) em&D
urÇmrSm &cdkifom;xufawmfa&vlr[d
ppfawGNrdKUonf
urÇmay:wGif tBuD;qHk; NrdKUjzpfygonf --/

(omvSOD;)

evAdef;
vlrdkufrSefau
vlqdk;udkcsDusL;
vlaumif;udkuJh&Jh
ynmrJhudkq&mwif
vufoHk;qpf0ifcgrS
"jrrSef;od --/

csif;pdrf;eefUrdóvif
bJOeefUz&JoD;
>rDeefUzm;
uVKHeefUe*g;
twlxm;r& --/

oHk;usdwfwqlvrf;
jy'g;wvrf; oHwvrf;
nDñGwfa&;vrf;rSm;
owdxm; --/

( 17 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(0&if;wkwf)
(July 1, 2005)

trJom;jzpfvm;aom EGm;
tvkyfaumif; EGm;
tcdkif;us --/

iysif;EGm;u
tcdkif;oufom --/

jrufEkpm;
BuD;xGm;oefrm --/

rsm;rMum
tvum; EGm;
tdrfrSmrxm;
om;owf½HkodkU
ydkUaomtcg --/

EGm;acsrSm
trJom;
jzpfvm;vD,m --/

omvSOD;
(19/06/2006)

xavmh&cdkif
OMo&Daomuf
rkedaysmuf
pnfaygufxD;usdK;
rsuf&nfrdk; --/

( 18 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
azmifysuf&cdkif
qnfrEkdif
updkifua&muf
vrf;paysmuf --/

t,if&cdkif
pnfawmfNrdKif
wkNydKifpH,Sm;
wdkif;wyg; --/

yifjrifhoZif
eef;awmf0if
&TDpifyef;cuf
rsdK;rysuf --/

iSufrsdK;bk&if
vif;,kefoQif
NrDjyifrouf
0D[ifxuf --/

ausmf0if;acs (acsmif;omBuD;)
(29/01/99)

nuppfom;oHk;a,muf
nu jrefrmppfom;oHk;a,muf
&GmxJa&mufvmNyD;au
0ufawmif; Muufawmif; cGD;awmif;
t&ufvnf;awmif; aomufMuL;uwfaw --/

eD0ifau olaomufMuL;½dkU
(vufeuftm;udk;eefU)
wa,mufrusef rdr®acs½dkUudk
rD;yHkaz:vdkU ucdkif;uwfaw --/

nOfheufvmau

( 19 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(vlt½dkif;½dkU)
nDtpfudk armifESrudkvnf;rrI
tm;"r®jyKusifhuwfaw --/

nu jrefrmppfom;oHk;a,muf
&GmxJa&mufvmNyD;au
tbmudk ]pcef;wacgufvdkufcJhyg} vdkU
ac:vm;cpGm
aemufw&ufrSm
vufjyefBudK;wkwf rsufESmvnf;csKyfvdkU
&GmOD;u Z&yf&SdrSm
usm;xdk;owfvdkufuwfaw --/

armifBuD;oQifudkvnf;
ay:wmqJGvdkU
acsmif;zsm;ac:vm;cpGm
wcgvnf; ay:rvmvDAsm,f --/

ausmf0if;acs (aygufawm)

rSmcyg,ifh
tD;a,mif bm;bm
rSmcyg,ifh
igom; armifvHk;pdef -
ajymufusm;rvkyfuJh
ajymufusm;vkyfau
0g;wkwfpm;NyD;
b0ysufyem
bkef;BuD;ausmif;rSm
oDvdrfhrnf --/

(pHxGef;acs)

( 20 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
twÅ0g'D
ig-rS-ig a'grmefcif;vkd h
z½kdz&J tkyfpkuGJeef h
*kdPf;cGJ0g' xlaxmifjyum
tjrifrwl &efolowfrSwf
'l;axmufvufajr§muf atmufom;wyfrSm
atmufwef;usa& &ckdifom;½dkU--/

(awmvl)

rdk;&Gma& pmya'gif;
rdk;&Gma& pmya'gif;
atmufom;oD zifa[mif;avmif; --/

rif;Edkif (atmifqdyf)

r[mvlom;\trSefw&m;
tajymtqdkwdudk
pum;csKdcsKdwdeefU (zkH;) --/

trltusifhwdukd
taqmifta,mifwdeef U (zkH;) --/

aygif;oif;qufqHrIwdudk
[dwf[efwdeefU (zkH; ) --/

(,auvJh)
jzKef;ceef; rawmfwq
ol hpdwfeef h txmrusau
apmapmu zHk;xm;orQ
xdrf;r&

( 21 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
odrf;r&
ol hZmwd jyvdkU
bDvl;u uygvD,ifh --/

armifwnfNidrf
(16/06/2003)

omvmumacswdeefYwla& bBuD;
vzuf&nfqkdifu
&ckdifom; eKdifiHa&;vm; --/

t&ufqkdifu
&ckdifom; eKdifiHa&;vm; --/

wckukdvnf;
rMum;csifyg - bBuD; --/

bBuD;½dkUEkdiHa&;u
omvmumaoQwdeefUwlyga& --/

(pHxGef;acs)

twÅpD;aMumif;wavQmuf
tydkif; (1)

&mpkESpf (2) vDjzwfoef;

uEÅ&c&D;Murf; atmufu
uRefom;ayguf b0eef h
cHpm;eDuwf&
zufqpfe,fcsJ h 'ku©udk
wGef;vSefz,f,Sm;vdka&pdwf
,dkpD;rSdwfus
ajzodrfhvdkUyif r&Edkif

( 22 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
udk,fhjynfudk,fhMur®mudk
udk,f½dk h&m ydkifqdkifcsif
b0ifrusEdkifa&
olUuRefb0 jrifuGif;xJ
t"r®jyKusifh vk,ufn§if;qJ owfjzwf
toJudk
vSD;jzwfpGmydkif tcH&cufvdkU
qHk;jzwfcsufudk twnfudkif
,dkifvJNydKysufeDa&
jynfBuD;&cdkifu xGufcGm
tpdwfpdwf trTmrTm NcDzsuf
&ufpufapmfum;
zufqpf vl,rf;um;½dkUtm;
vufeufpGJudkif
awmfvSef armif;xkwfjcif;rSwyg;
wjcm;r[dvdkU ,HkMunfc --/

tydkif; (2)

p½dkufwl&m rdwfjzpf&mvwf
,HkMunfrIwdwlvdk h
OD;wnfcsufwl&m pkzGJUyem
udk,fhMur®mudk,f zefwD;EdkifzdkUta&;
nDnmvufwGJ
aygif;zufrdc uwfauvhJ
toQifjrwfem*dE´ xGif;xkca&
rsdK;apmifharmfuGef;udkrS raxmufn§m
udk,fvdk&m twÅacswck
taMumif;jyKa& y#dyu©
trdIufup jyó'fxdatmif
rD;avmifcHuwf&a& om"u
wGdcuwfAsm r[kwfvm; --/

tydkif; (3)

awmfvSefa&;oabm
tajymif;tvJ wcsdKUMum;xJu

( 23 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
twÅraem
&SifoefBuD;xGm;vma&cg
wxyfpmudk woufwmxifyem
uRefZmwmudk zufwG,f,if;
ig-rS-ig a'grmefcif;vdk h
tjrifcsif;zDvm
udk,fxif&mcdkudk;
trsdK;eef hoDvudk rsufuG,fjyK
nDñGwfrIwduif;
tcsif;csif; Adkvfusowfjzwf
y&rwfeefU 0D;uGmuwf&a& --/

twdwfudk
jyefMunfhyg Avifh
1146 - u
a'uedxufwdkif
atmifvHudk rvTifhxlEdkifbJ
awmfvSefa&;vrf;wavQmuf
oD-ol-oD aysmuf-ol-aysmuf
Zmwfwlom;oGD;udk aomufvdk h
jynfBuD;r@dKif
jyefvnfemvH xlEdkifzdkUqdkpGm
trSefyif
jzpfEdkifuwfzdkUvm;a, ---/

(tÍöevkvif)

&cdkifjynftrsKd;om;aumifpDodkU
(&) wemNrD
*kPfoQdefausmfMum; rsKd;apmifhom;½dkU
rsKd;jcm;vufatmuf uRefoabmufb0
vGwfajrmuf&zdkU tcsdefwefygAsm,f --/

(cdkif) jrJr@dKif jynf&cdkifvnf;

,drf;,dkifNydKysuf oGD;tdrfrufxJ

( 24 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
BuDuGJ'Pf&m a0'emeef h
vkH;zufcHpm; &efolMum;rSm
acsmufcsm;AsmyGD rsuf&nf<uD& --/

(jynf) ol h&if0,f arQmf&nfwrf;w

rdzpifppf rdwÅm&dyfudk
arS;rdSwfcdkem; eDcsifjim;vnf;
wyg;&ifcGif NiKdjiifEdSyfpuf
tdyfysufnaygif; uka#uk#m --/

(t) awG;wp oufoDjyzkd h

qE´&nfoef MuhHMuHhcHvnf;
jrJjrHopöm cdkifrmpdwf"gwf
rm;rm;&yfyem eef;awmf&mvnf;
awmNcKHxJrSm idkeDqJ --/

(rsKd;) *kPfraxmuf opömazmufvdkU

jynfaysmufeD& a'b0udk
aemifw*kcg r,lygau
ZmwmuRefwGif; rvGwfuif;Edkif --/

(om;) o®D;raumif; rdza*gif;vwf

jzpfaMumif;pkH&m awG;Munhfygau
jynf&Gma&;xuf 0rf;a&;cufol
Adkvfvlwodkuf todrdkufvdkU
uRefjzpfeD&uwfauvJh --/

(aumif) pDtjzpf vl habifopfeef h

twdwfordkif; jynfwHwdkif;udk
arQmfrSef;wnfaqmuf tcsdefa&mufysm,f --/

(pD) umywfukH; ajymrqkH;vnf;

,lusKH;r& a'b0udk
½kef;xvGwfajrmuf oabmufaus;uRef
rcHpdwf"gwf tusifhjrwfeef h
rsKd;jrwf*kPfa&mif xGef;awmufajymifzdkU
nDaemifom;csif; ½dkif;yif;ulnD

( 25 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pkaygif;nDñGwf vkyfaqmifuwfrnf --/

(odkU) avm odkUavm

awG;awma0zef tcsdefvGefau
rrSefpdwf"gwf tusifhcRwfau
rvGwfuRefwGif; uRefwvif;rSm
vrf;cif;b0 a&mufvdrfhrnf --/

(tÍöevkvif)
(15/03/06)

owdyD;csuf
&cdkifrsdK;om;
owdxm;avm
vdr®mjrifysif;
qif;&Jtm;&
<u,f0remvdk
udk,fhxufomrBudKuf
trdkufw&m; þav;yg;aMumifh
&cdkifom;rSm
wdrfaumvmonf
aemifvmaemifom; odpDaom0f --/

&cdkifrsdK;om;
owdxm;avm
AmAlemEHk
ac:usifwHkjim;
ukvm;rsm;udk
oem;ydk&ef
rvdktyfaMumif;
carmif;yifrSm
anmifvQifuyfa&muf
trsdK;aysmufvdrfh --/

(ajrmufOD; ewfo®D;odkuf)

( 26 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

'kwd,rÜd vGJacsmfEdkifrI
&ufvESpfwdu
q,f&mpkudk zJhpm;ausmfvTm;
ig½dkU\NrD bHkrd®eufoef
ZeufwH rcdkif
,dkifaus;rI bmompum;
pmyDtEkynm rIdif;rSdefrIef0g;
Zdrf,pfaysmfyg; e,fcsJUorm; --/

&cdkifhatmifpnfrjrnf
ppfcsDoHrMum;
tcsif;csif; rkef;rmefyGm;
&vm'fu uRefb0
rqHk;wrf; vm;uwfzdkUvm; --/

bBuD;atmif\jynfaxmifpk
wdkif;&if;om; nDtpfudkrsm;
pum;vHk;rSm uRHepf
vGwfvyfa&; vufopfu
ppfyifv,f
rsuf&nfeefU 'ku©
b0uRefc&D; --/

nDtpfudk yifvHk
pum;qHkauvJh
jynfrrSm aysmf0if
trsKd;*kPfa&mif ray:vGif
&cdkif&ifrcsd --/

vdkcsifpGmu vGwfvyfa&;
vkyfeDuwfpGmu aemufvdkuftiSm; --/

toGifajymif;csdefrSm
&Dvdkufig;vdkuf rQdK;vdkufzdk hvm;

( 27 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(r[kwfau)
NyHK;jya*gif;nd§wfuwfzdk hvm; --/

jrefrmjynfrSm 'Drdkua&pD
ig½dkUrSm
Zm-udk-rSef; Zm-udk-vSrf;
tEÅdr vrf;aysmufau
rdat;ESpfacgufemzdkUa, --/

&Jabmf jrifhaZmf
(23/03/2006)

usdefpm
ig\toGD;tom; udk,fcE¨m½dkUonf
jynfolUxrif;udkpm;í touf&SifeDyg\ --/

jynfolUb0 vGwfajrmufzdkUtwGuf
toufESifhoGD;udk yD;vSLyg\ --/

jynfoludk taMumif;jyK
jynfolUxrif;udk pm;vQuf
twÅwGif;xJ EdIufum
vdyfuefzmr jzpfeDMuolrsm;
pm;onfhxrif; pm;onfhtpm
aomufonfht&nf
tqdyfjzpfygpD --/

0rf;xJü tpdkiftcJtjzpf
tyfoHrsm;tjzpf
toGifajymif;vQuf
wpwp a0'em'gPf
cHpm;&ygpD --/

b0wyg; ajymif;vJvm;auvJh
&cdkifjynfrSm &cdkifom;rjzpfygpDuJh

( 28 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vljzpfvmvQifvnf;
iwfrGwfacgif;yg; qef,Sm;aom
wdkif;wyg;ü vljzpfygpD --/

ig\rSefaom opömpum;aMumifh
rrSefuefol½dkU ,dkifvJNydKuGJygpD --/

&efol½dkU wbHk;bHk;vJ
ysufpD;qHk;cef;wdkifvQuf
rSefuefol½dkU atmifyGJcHEdkifygpD
jynfol½dkU vGwfajrmufEdkifygpD
azmufjyefol½dkU usdefpmoifhygpD --/

cdkifrif;ñdk
(08/07/2005)

awmfvSefa&;avmif;
,HkMunfeDrS vm;vdk h&zdk h
em;vnfEdkifrS &SdqufEdkifzdkU
awmfvSefa&;avmif; apmif;rvm;zdk h
avmif;rxGufcif t,ifqHk;jzwf
vdkuf&JrSwuf urf;uxGufzdkU --/

vdIif;vDxefMurf; w0ufvrf;rSm
jrKyfzdkUqJqJ &D0J&Dpkyf
avmif;0rf;ayguf tvm;cufvdk h
tm;i,fzdkUvm; em;vnfxm;uwf --/

awmfvSefa&;avmif; &SnfMumanmif;vdkU
tawG;acgifAsm,f oGD;raMumifuJh
tem;wdk;uyf vufcsif;pyfysm,f --/

'ku©xlyGef; c&D;Murf;zdk h
yifyef;udk,fvuf pdwfrysufuJh
pD;usrsuf&nf xdef;xm;a0 --/

( 29 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&DpD;xefjyif; vDqefjyif;vnf;
tm;wif;avSmfcwf eif;ausmfjzwfrnf --/

vufwurf;rSm
vGwfvyfatmifyef;
ta&mifoef;Asm,f --/

jrxGef;
(Mra Twan)
(13/5/06)

qD;pyfyD;yg
vGwfajrmufjcif; r[kwfbJ
e,fpyfrsOf;wdudk jzwfausmf
qefUusifbuf wef;cg;udk
qGJzGifh0ifvdkufauvJh rwl
&ifudkukwfzJh &Gpd&GpdeefU
twGif;vIduf urf;NydK
ukefvGefca& ESpfwd --/

vHk;csif;wnf; usifhBuHzdkUysifauvJh
t0D;u pum;vHk;wdeefU vufcJypf
a*smifacsrSm a,Smifz,fzdkUysifauvJh r&
twGif;o¾efudku &Guf<uDawm
eDvHk;udk jrHKrIefUeefUzHk;
qOf;qmwdu &ifuGJtdyfwef;
nnfhtcg awmufycsifa& Mu,fwd
vrif;udk arQmfvifh,if;
Mu,f<uDjcif;cH&olcH
toHrwlbJ
qE´udk zJhpm;eDuwf,ifh --/

0D;jcif;w&m;eefU
tuRefUudk idkcdkif;zdkUtpm;

( 30 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vGrf;emus opfawmu
w&ufxufw&uf awmzsm;udkifvm
tajzod,ifh rwGufwwf
qD;&Gufwd pkyHkxm;yga&
tcsdK;us azmfpyfyD;yg
&ifem raysmufcsifeD
tuReftoufrxGufcif
qD;wcGufaomufvm;csif,ifh --/

ykPÖm;uRef;Zl;a0
(09/12/2005)

ESvHk;om; tydkif;tprsm;
trSefw&m;jrwfEdk;
vlpGrf;aumif;vdkU xifeDa&vlwdMum;rSm
ig -
wcgwvD ½l;csifa& --/

igheefUig&m EIdif;p&mxifyem
vDvHk;BuD;BuD;eefU
rqr - pum;xuf
atmufwef;usa& pum;udkajym
vlray:cif csD;ay:a&vlwdMum;rSm
ighESvHk;om;rmausmpGm
ighudkig
tHhMovdkUrukef csDusL;vdkUrqHk; --/

ordkif;jzpfusefczdkU&mvdkU
ESvHk;ydwf rsdKodyfeDauvJh
wcgwcg
vlolr[da& uGif;jyifxJqif;yem
igwa,mufxJ
vGwfvGwfvyfvyf
ESvHk;om;udk azmufcGJvdkufaw --/

( 31 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ausmfZHa0 (vjcrf;NrD)
(30/05/2004)

a*gif;aqmifodkU
wacwfrSm wa,muf
ajymifajrmufonfh tdka*gif;aqmif
&cdkifvlUabmif om,mtD;csrf;pDzdkU
&JoGD;tm;rmef tjynfheefU
csDwufc yef;wdkifqDodkU --/

(AIO) &cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;tzGJU
pzGJUonfhtcguyif
OD;aqmifum olyg0ifc --/

acwfynm OmPftjynfheefU
vSyonfh olU½kyf&nf
jynfhpHkonfh A[kokw
&cdkifor®wavmif;vsmtjzpf
uif;yGef;wwfcHc& --/

vlBuD;vli,f vlvwfr&GD;
trsdK;bmom r&GD;
acwf\a*gif;aqmiftjzpf
rSwfwrf;wif pifwifcuwf --/

b0wrvGef ajymif;vDjyefvnf;
acwfrSDa*gif;aqmif
&cdkifa*gif;aqmif
awmfvSefa&;udk OD;aqmifoljzpf
usef&pf,ifh olUrSwfwrf;vTm
aemifvmaemufom;odpDaom0f --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)
þuAsmjzifh uG,fvGefol (AIO) OuúXa[mif; OD;ausmfvIdifudk *kPfjyKyg\/

( 32 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

c&D;onf&m c&D;
woufpm cHpm;rI
rGD;uwnf;u vufaqmif --/

rBuHKzl; rqHkzl;
rjrifzl;a& jrifuGif;tvGrf;
wrf;w,if; uRrf;NrdKuf
b0 &Dwdrfepf
trsdK;uRef c&D;ESpf--/

yGifhaomyef; rrTD;
rTD;aomyef; EGrf;BuD
c&D;onf&m c&D;
qHk;aomESpf r[dodrfh --/

igudk,fwdkifu 'ku©wdeefU
tmoDo&m wwfEdkifa&
a,jyefauvhJ
razmufjyefa& cspfpdwfacsu wefzdk;
wcsdKU cif;usif;jyxm;a& enf;AsL[mudk
ig - ESvHk;ysdKU0Hh,ifh --/

ykPÖm;uRef;Zl;a0
(23/06/2005)

ighc&D; tjzpfoepf
r[dpGmxJu
[dorQudk yHktyf
tjzLxnf um;wcsyfeefU
½dk;om;rIudk tNcDcHvdkU
avmu"H uEÅ&udk ausmfjzwf
toDjrefa& vrf;rSm
tdkatppfpGm ighwGufr[kwf --/

( 33 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

urÇmBuD; us,foavmuf
ighOD;aESmifh rus,fpGmudk tjypfajym
N*dKvfwkuyD;a& vrf;avmuf
ighvrf;rajymifhpGmudk tjypfajym
uGefysLwmavmuf
igtvkyfrjzpfpGmudk tjypfajym
ajyma&vlwd
yef;wdkifudk psD;jywfeDa&cg
ig - NrDjr§KyfrdIif;wvHk;ydkif
aygufuGJcsifa& --/

tajymoreefU
vufwGdvkyfzdkU cufaw
q&mvdkvdk a*gif;aqmifvdkvdk
vkyfuwfarqdk aemufuawmifrygcsif
ol&Jaumif;pum;udk ajymAsm,f
udk,fhudkudk,f rawmfvSef0Hholwd
xdkvlwdMum;rSm
apwem[dolu a0'emcHpm;
e,fuRHNcDvSrf;acsudk jyef½kyf
b0udk atmifjrifpGm wyfacgufzdkU
r0Hhr&J awG;rdwdkif;
rjzpfyg
tcg;BudKufaw
ysm;rdkufb0udk *kPf,lrnf --/

(rap;jrpfiSufcg;)

OmPfr[dau
toQdefjyif;jyif;eefU
ypfvTwfvdkufaw tqdyfjr§m;wpif;udk
udk,fhvGwfa,Smif&zdkUvm;
'dkif;eefUum&zdkUvm;
rcsifhwGufEdkifcau

( 34 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jr§m;'gPf&meefU
tqdyfoifhoD&zdkUpGm trSef --/

uvdefuuspfeefU
OmPfeDOmPfeufudk ta&mifwifAsm,f
qpäDrSifpm½dkUusufpm;a& acwfrSm
y&dwfa'oemw&m;udk
rudkifxm;Edkifau
vufrIdifus
,IH;edrfhvm;zdkUpGm trSef --/

rrSm;aom &SdeD
roDaom qD;orm;r[d qdkauvhJ
trSm;zufu &SdeDvdkufeDa& vlwd
oDqD;yD;eDa& qD;orm;wdudk wGdcvdkU
Zmvkyf&zdkUvJqdkpGm rodcau
rw&m;a&vlwd rif;rl
tokbeefU
ndwdkif;eyef;vHk;&zdkUpGm trSef --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

xm0&&ifcGif
twdwfu 'gPf&mwdeefU
ypöKyÜefoef;acgif,HrSm vl;vSdrfhcH,if;
,Sdwfidkc& naygif;rsm;pGm
&mpkESpfckausmfAsm,f trif --/

q,fhoQpf&mpk\nnfhwnnfhrSm
om,ma& trifhrsufESmudk
&ifemp&mtjzpfwdeefU vSnfhpm;
trifh&ifxJu ,dkusvma&
rsuf&nfpufwdudk rjrif&ufvdkU
vjcrf;&ifcGifu xGufcGmvmol
trifhom;yg trif --/

( 35 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

oefrma& vufacsmif;wdeefU
vwfqwfaw tm½kPfopfudk zefwD;,if;
tem*gwftwGuf eDjcnftvif;wdjzef;yuf --/

0D;uGmjcif; oHpOfa&
trifeefUom;tMum;
vGifhaysmufvm;a& wed
trd&ifcGifrSm
xm0& cdkem;csifyga& trif --/

rm&do
(25/01/2004)

toufESifh&if;vdkU rGD;zGm;uwfrnf
ig½dkU&cdkifordkif; twdwfwdpGm
&TDa&mifvTrf;
,Ofaus;rIwdxGef;um;
urÇmhNrDjyifxufu
bk&ifhEdkifiHwck
t*kMunfh udkvdkeDjzpfvdkU jzpfrSef;rod --/

ypöKyÜeftajcteDudk oHk;oyf
tem*gwfudkyHkazmfzdkU vkyfeDuwfpGmrSm
twdwfordkif;udk csjy
pnf;½Hk;odrf;oGif;
,Sif;vif;jyuwfpGm
&TDxD;aqmif;pGmudk vGrf;armjcif;r[kwf --/

ordkif;trGDtESpfwd\pdefac:oH
½dk;rrSm yJhwifxyf
nDñGwfjcif;eefUyD;qyf
vGwfvyfawEdkifiHwck
ig½dkUtoufwdeefU&if;vdkU rGD;zGm;uwfrnf --/

( 36 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
cdkifvif; (arC0wD)
(06/03/2004)

rsdK;pdrrSef yifroef
&u©r@dKif? jynf&cdkifu
nDaemifom;csif;? aqGrsdK;&if;½dkU
trsdK;bmom? omoemudk
NrJpGmapmifhxdrf;? acwf,dkif,drf;vnf;
rwdrf;rsdK;EG,f? tjrpfwG,fu
&cdkifemr xGef;awmuf&zdkU --/

&u©r@dKif? jynf&cdkifu
tpfudknD&if;? tdrfeD;csif;½dkU
OMo&Daomuf? rif;qufaysmufvdkU
awmufawmufajymifajymif? eef;rdk;acgifudk
aqmifAsm,lvm;? oGef;xm;t½kyf
acgif;avmif;vkyfysm
rrif;jzL? rSefrSefajymvdkU
<um;0geDa& owdxm; --/

&u©r@dKif? jynf&cdkifu
nD&if;aygif;oif;? oli,fcsif;½dkU
ordkif;wGefUBuD? >rDydkif>cDvQuf
a&mvDa,mifvD? a[mifuwfvDau
NcD&mvnf;aysmuf? &Dvnf;aemufzdkU
rsdK;aysmufvdrfhrnf owdxm; --/

0a'gif;eefUMuuf? a&mpyf,Sufu
MuufydkifrwGef? a'gif;oHraysmuf
atmufuvdtGwf? tGwfuvdatmuf
rppfwGefoH? MuufrrSefa'gif;
tjzpfajymif;au
aumif;aumif;&,fzdkU aumif;vdrfhrnf --/

(armif,k)

( 37 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

a*gif;aqmif½dkUtm;yefMum;csuf
twÅrsufvHk; jyL;xGufusvdkU
tedpöoabmudk rduGefaqmifeDauvJh
tedpö{nfhonf wef;cg;vmacgufcsdefrSm
'a,mr& tusÐr&
y½kef;e½kef; vdkufzdkUusa&rem;--/

rsdK;cspf[efaqmifeDauvJh
rsdK;zsufo@ef vkyfaqmifcsuf
wefjyef½dkufcwfcsufwdu
&if0udkemem vmaqmifhcsdefrSm
rSm;yga&vdkU 0efcH&a&rem; --/

avmu"Hw&m;wd 'gPfrcwfcif
tyfoifha& wm0efwdudkvTJyem
wGJac:qGJac: tawG;ac:[da&
rsdK;cspfa*gif;aqmiftjzpf *kPf,lvdkufyg --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

usD;uef; (eefU) a'gif;

avmuonf
tvdkrwlolwdeefU aygif;zuf
toHr[d BudK;wdxGufus
tESpfr[da& tumrsm;jyefUyem
tacgifrdk;pGef;acsu N*dK;iSufacs
wwdk;acs MuLvdkufpGmu --/

a'gif;a,mifaqmifusD;uef;wd vIyfpdvIyfpd
a'gif;wd&,fjy usD;uef;wd xu
usD;uef;wd 0ifhjy a'gif;wdrmefwuf

( 38 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
olawmfcsif; owif;vG,fau
usD;uef;wdvnf; a'gif;awmifuRwf
a'gif;wdvnf; usD;uef;awmif0wfuwfzdkUvm;
rodAsm,fa, --/

(ukvm;wefausmufoD;)

trsdK;aysmufzdkUa,
nDtpfudkarmifESr
w0rf;wnf;usvnf;
wkytm;NydKif
olEdkifigEdkif xdk;owfawyGJrSm
tpfudkvnf;,IH;
nDvnf;,IH;
wbHk;bHk;vJAsm,f
t,HI;ZmwfBuD;cif;eDuwf,ifh --/

pnf;½Hk;a&;qdka& t"dyÜm,f
ol½dkUem;rvnf
em;vnfzdkUvnf; rBudK;pm;
rmew&m;wd vTrf;rdk;
tCmww&m;wd BuD;pdk;
i,fusdK;i,fem azmfNyD;au
aumfESufeDuwfaw --/

bk&m;vnf; rod w&m;vnf; r[d

tavhZD xdk;Asm,f
udk,fhaygifudk,fvSef xdk;eDuwfau
&cdkifvlrsdK;qdkpGm
jywdkufrSm MunfhvDzd --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

( 39 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vGwfajrmufvrf;
ESvHk;om; BuDrGnufBuD
udk,fcE¨m wppDjzpfygwfpD
wdkif;"nXmeD
rvGwfajrmufvDorQ
ightwGuf xGufaygufudkr&Sm --/

rl,mrm,m igrwwf
yg,fuyfuyf igrvkyf
r[kwfpGm igrcH
oHwrefy&d,m,f r[dygwfpD
ZmwdoGD; tm;rmeftjynfheefU
&Dqefudk igavSmfcwfvdkU
vGwfvyfa&; rGwfawig --/

wl&meefU vufwGJavQmuf
yef;wdkifa&mufrS auseyfrnf
iwfjywfpD oDygwfpD
wdkif;XmeD jynfta&;jzpfvdkU
q,fouf yD;qyf&ygwfpD --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

raumif;olxdyf
aMum½dk;r[da& owå0g
EdkifiHa&;vkyfawqdk0g --/

ua&mifuaxmif
pnf;rus0g;rus
uGrf;,m wnuf
&Dyltdk; wql
trsdK;cspfawvdkU
t½dk;r[da& vQmeefUqdk

( 40 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
bHkr[da& owÅ0g
rEkówdudk
aMumcdkif;a&qdk0g --/

Zmwdvnf; raysmuf
NcD&mvnf; azsmufcsifa& --/

oGm;vnf;uRwf
cg;vnf;udkif;vm;cAsm,f --/

rD;Zmvnf; ukef
qDvnf; zifuyfacs
vlwdvnf; tjrifuyfaw --/

ZmcgcRwfvdkU
uRwfzdkUvnf; rod
pdwfwd&m ukefa& --/

cdkifcspfcif (&r®mNrD)

rD;cGef;rsm;udkajzyg
"g;jzifh tvSD;jzwfcHNyD;
uReftjzpf toDcHzdkUvm;
toufudk paw;NyD;
&efoludk wdkuf,if;
tmZmeDtjzpf touf&SifzdkUvm; --/

uRefvnf;jzpf&
oDvnf;oD&
oifhb0rSm
wefzdk;ZmrSm [dzdkUvJ --/

&efolrsdK;,kwf
tñGefUjyKwfatmif
oifvkyfaqmifu

( 41 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&u©jynfol
oifhjynfolonf
oif\½kyfoGif
jynfhocifudk
&if0,fxkqpf
½kyfxktjzpf
udk;uG,f&pfrnf
tmZmeDrnfaom tdktoQif --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

c&D;w0uf b0ysuf
aMomf -- rdcif
pdwf updkOfhuvsm; tawG;wdESdyfpuf
tdyfr& ed&ufwdrSm
tNrJwef; owd&
vGrf;&pGmu rdcif --/

vrf;wumavQmuf
t&yfwuma&mufvdkU
todw&m;rsm;
c&D;r[mvm;auvhJ
r[dtojymyg rdcif --/

t0D;u rdcifudkvGrf;wdkif;
pmwaMumif; uAsmwyk'f&GD;
trsm;wumudk todyD;
owd[dzdkU wifjy
&ifrqefU a0'em
wudk,fvHk;rSm jynfhvdkU
tydkqkyif r&cyg rdcif --/

rdcifvnf; r0w0
om;vnf; rvSryeefU
todw&m; ocFef;pm

( 42 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rdcif&GmodkU ,lzdkUp&dwf
tm;vHk;,dkzdwf
vuf[dtjzpf pkyfpkyfjrKwf
r[kwfw[kwf vljzpf&yga& rdcif --/

acwfqdk;acwf,kwfrSm
toufwacsmif;twGuf tvkyfvkyf
rdcifeefUom; 0D;NrDjcm;
ocFg&w&m; rawG;tm;
rdciftem; ta&mufvm;zdkU
a,musfm;&m rem;vdkU
tm;udkwif;,if;eefU acwfwdysuf
tcuftvufusdK;
c&D;yufvufrsdK;vdkU
b0ysufeD&yga& rdcif --/

armif,k
(21/09/2002)
(rGD;rdcifodkUwrf;wrI)

trSm;udk rQ0Dol
awmfvSefa&; orm;tdku
rjzLreD½dkUudk toJpGJrdAsm,f
xdk;t0D; bDvl;qdkif;wD;ueDa& ZmwfcHku
emusD;rI a'gooHwdpGm
awmfvSefa&;orm;tdk\zefcGufxJudk
aZmufxdk;usvm;a& --/

olU&Sdu ESmacgif;½IHU xdkifeDa&vlwdudk

,OfrIazmufjyefa& pum;vHk;wdeefUvufcJypf
ykwfodk;qGD;us
wdk;wufatmifjrifrIr[da& twGdtBuHKudk
[efygyg ausmharmhvdkU
rsdK;qufopfwdtwGuf
vufqifhurf;avSmfcdkif;a& olUvSDu

( 43 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vSD0rf;aygufeDa&qdkpGm
rdkufrJpGm olrodyga,
,Hkvm; --/

ykPÖm;uRef;Zl;a0
(26/03/03)

tu©&mopf
oHo&mwauGU
rkefwdkif;ta0SUrSm
aumif;cifjymatmuf
vrf;azmuf,if;eefU
(NGO) aemuf
waumufaumufvdkufysm,f
a&Tqdkzmxuf
&ruf,pfvdkU
cspfvSDarSmufum
vrf;aysmufawarmif --/

toJrcdkifau
pH&azGydkif
ordkif;rSwfwdkifrSm
tu©&mqdk;eefUa, --/

(jryef;&H)

oHk;oyfMunfhpGm
tm½Hkac:EdI;
0dk;w0g;jrifuGif;
a,Smifr&wm0ef
temaumif;auvJh
trm&GwfoufoD --/

( 44 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aqmufeefUxGif;xnfh
uRefavmif;&dyfyl
tEdkifusifhcH
t,HkvG,faemifw
jynfaxmifpkxJvrf;aysmuf
iwfrGwfoufoD --/

vGwfvyfurÇm
uEÅm&yef;yGifh
rTD;BudKif*kPfowif;
tm;a,mhEGrf;BuD --/

e,fcsJUqefUusif
nDñGwfrItm;
pepfqdk;NzdKzsuf
awmfvSefolr[kwf
tm;useDvdkUtydk --/

ykPÖm;uRef;Zl;a0
(16/07/2003)

jynfaxmifpkqdka& pum;vHk;atmufrSm &cdkifom;trsdK;aysmufzdkUqdkpGmudk

tm;vHk;oabmaygufEdkifuwfygpD/

qD;a&mifpHk½Icif;
rsufawmifrSmom,ma&
idkjcif;&Snfwdudk &GD;,if;
tcsOfayguf rIdwufeDa&pdwfudk
rIwfxkwfvdkU qvDNcHKatmufu - ig
*rf;r*spfyHk xdkifNyD;
'ku©ur®Xmef; pDjref;vQuf
aomutdrfrufwd rufeD&a& --/

&ifbwfBuD; usef;usef;acgufacgufeefU
w&m;tm;xkwfeDa& - ig

( 45 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
puúLavmif;acsxJu
tajrmufoH w'def;Mum;eD&
tdrfrufBuD;udk rD;pGJavmifa&nnfhwd
rsm;rsm;vm --/

½dk;rawmifNcDxufu 0dkif;pufpufvrif;
&m[kudkufoHwd Mum;eD&
&ifñGefUxufu yDpm
abmifcsmjzpfvm;cAsm,f --/

oHpnfoHwd w0D0DeefU
omxkomxk[k toHjyKvdkU
vufck[yf wvlvleefU
OyoumwzGJU
umvrsdK;pdwd awmif;cHeDuwf,ifh --/

atmf - vSu&if;rSm 0rf;vQm;arSmuf

xrif;&nfawmif r,&a& cGD;em;*l
vlpum;rwwfvdkU
cGD;tcGifha&;r& olUb0 --/

Zmwfodrf;cgeD;rS
urÜnf;xdk; cHcsifuwfolwd
NyD;ygAsm,f pmwrf;xdk;vdkU
aemufjyefaemufjyef
olUudkol jcaoFhvwf --/

EGm;ESpfaumif &efjzpfpGmudkrS
oabmus vufckyfwD;eDa&vlwd
em;tHkyGifh oGD;pufpufeefU
tm;rwef xGufNyD;EGm;udk
*½kPmroifh oa&mfuwf,ifh --/

jyKwfqefrpm; &cdkifom;
qefcGJrpm; &cdkifom;vdkU
jrqefpufab;u ukefonfvrf;xuf
a<u;aMumfoHwd nHAsm,f

( 46 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
qwf½dk;us acsmif;urf;em;
bl'lb*FgxufrSm *vdIifxyfvdkU --/

rcHr&yfEdkifa& &ifwGif;pum;oHwd
watmifhMum 0DpDoHMum;
avmf&Dum;BuD;wdeefU
,leDazmif;0wf ,rrif;BuD;½dkUtzGJU
arvfx&D uGifx½dk; trdefUeefU
wef;oDjywf ypfowf
&cdkifoGD;pufpuf pD;qif;
qwf½dk;usacsmif;&D wGwfwGwfeDvD,ifh --/

tzdESdyfcH aemufuG,fu
rpnf;½Hk; rnDnm
tom;xJavmufjzpf
bD;bDa'gif; avQmufom;½dkU
azmufjym;Asm,f arSmufrSm;vdkU
axmufxm;p&m r[d
ighjynf ighta&;vdkU
wa,mufpau rodwwfo&d --/

armif,k
(08/02/2000)

OD;pdEÅmvDoHudk vGrf;qGwfjcif;
jrif&a& jyLwif;aygufujrifuGif;
udk,fMunfheD½Iaxmifh
udk,fqkyfudkifxm;a& trSefw&m;
txifBuD; wcGJom;eefU
ta0; -- [mvl
OD;pdEÅmvDoHeefU ajym&au
[m; ---[m; ---[m; ---/

ighudkig BuD;us,f
rif;vnf; udk,fhudkudk,f BuD;us,f

( 47 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rkqdk;awmifrS
olUudkol BuD;us,feDa&qdk0g
oDtdk&Dwd csjywdkif;
,drf;,dkif&zdkUqdkau
ta0; -- [mvl
[m; ---[m; ---[m; --/

½IaxmifhwckxJrSm Munfh,if;
½Iaxmifhu abmifjzpf
abmifxJu trSefw&m;
[m; ---[m; ---[m; --/

cdkifvif; (arC0wD)

txufvDpm;acs
atmufNcD&GwfaueefU
txufvDpm;acs
zufrrSD vDvHk;udk
0ef;usifvl tD;wHkjzpfatmif
ajymwwfaweef; --/

rSef;csufudk jrifhpDrS
wef;wufaw b0vdkU
zdk;zD;pum; wnf[dxm;vnf;
tm;eefUrmef
csdK;csufnDrS yHkazmf&vG,u f la& --/

a[mif;ca&raumif;
&Sdjyefrajymif;atmif
pdkif;pm;qifjcif vrf;opfxGifzdkU
tmumudkarmf NcDrazmfuJh
&Sdqufc&D; vdk&mr0D;atmif
txufvDpm;acs
atmufNcDr&GwfuJh --/

( 48 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rsdK;cefU
(07/10/2002)

ESpf&SnfarSmifnnfh
rnDñGwfjcif;wd cif;usif;yem
jypfrsdK;rSJUrxif
qifNcDtpHktvifeefU tem;uGyfvdkU
aA'ifq&m½dkU\edrdwfyHkxufrSm rQdK;Asm
ajymif;vJvmEdk; arQmfrSef;csufeefU
tem*gwf Mu,fpHknnfhwdudk
edcif;aMumifawmif xkqpfeDuwfau --/

ordkif;tem&Gwfudk ESrf;jzL;vdkU
jzpfwnfrIudk twdk;cscHpm;zdkU pDrHcsufeefU
rsufrjrifykPÖm;
AdkvfcsKyfajcmufa,mufMum;rSm
'ku©a&mufeDpGmu qif&m --/

tjypfwifwwfjcif;rS
tjypfuif;yem
ESpfESpf&m tarSmifzkef;eDjcif;udk
jzLpifrItvif;wdeefU xGef;n§duwfrnf --/

(atmifudkZH)

vGwfvyfyef;rsm; yGifhpDcsif
rdpämvD½dkif;? ½dkif;jywdkufcwf
vGwfvyfyef;wd <uDcAsm,f --/

EDGacgifajcmufuGJ? uEÅm&xJu
vGwfvyfyifysdK? pdrf;&GufpdkzdkU
ighoGD;azmufvdkU avmif;xnfhrnf --/

( 49 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vGwfvyfyef;oZif? awmfeef;0ifzdkU
ZD0ifcsKyfNidrf;? ighZmwfodrf;rSm
wdkif;"nmwGuf? aemufb0xd
*wdcsKyfcH? ZmwdrmefeefU
qufawmfvSefzdkU rSmcrnf --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

eDn§dK;csdef
rdwÅm&Dwd crf;ajcmuf
twÅ&Dwd aomuftm;BuD;vdkU
trsdK;om;wGuf t<uD;wif
&TDeef;oQif tdkacgif;aqmifBuD; --/

a'gorD;wd w[kef;[kef;awmuf
wa,mufudkwa,muf &efapmifAsm,f
axmifacsmufqif zrf;qD;owfjzwfvdkU
tem*gwf aysmufqHk;csdefrSmawmif
aemifww&m;wd vGifhpifAsm,f
rko0g' rdk;cg;&DaomufeDuwfwkef; --/

trsdK;om;a&;udk taMumif;jy
pum;vSacswdudk ajymAsm,f
cspfuGefaqmifeDauvJh
rdkufwdrdkufuef; Zmwfvrf;wdu
&DrSmawmifru vDrSmawmift½kyfxif
udk,fxifjyeD,ifh --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

b0udk,fpDeefU vli,f
tcsif;csif;wdkufcdkufp&m ZmvdkvdkUvJ

( 50 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pOf;pm;MunhfygAvif
,if;ydkif tjyeftvSefwdkufcdkufeDau
&efolvnf; &,f
&efolvnf; aysmuf
vlrsdK;raysmufpGm uHaumif;a& --/

a,'gvhJ
awmfvSefa&;umvrSm
trIdufwd[dpGmudk z,f,Sif;
vrf;BuHKvdkU0ifvma& vlwd
[efaqmifaumif;a& rsdK;cspfwdudkz,f
wwnfhajym&au
awmfvSefa&;oefY,Sif;a&; vkyf&zdkU --/

MunfhygAvif
trsdK;om;a&;vdkU atmfBuD;[pfus,feefY
udk,fhtajceDudk udk,frod
udk,f&yfeDa&ygwDudk ukrÜPDvdkU xifeDpGm
&ifrSm t*,ifh ema& --/

ig½dkU vli,fwda&
ESyfpm;r[kwfygESrf;
EdkifiHa&;½dk;om;rIeefY BuHUBuHUcHeDpGm
ordkif;uoufoD jyvdrfhrnf --/

cdkifvif; (arC0wD)

tbmtwGuf
tbmwa,muf xGef;aygufay:xif
t,iftcg [dcauvJh
t*ktcg om;armif½dkUu
*kPf,l r0ifh<um;0HhEdkifAsm --/

ydef;ydwfarSmifrdkuf r[l&mwdkuf
tbmqdkufa&muf&jcif;twGuf

( 51 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
0rf;enf;yufvuf
rsuf&nfusc &ygAsm --/

rsdK;pkwfrsdK;,kwf
pkef;zkwfwqD NcDrGtlEIwf
oGD;pkwfeDjcif;twGuf
oGD;toufudk
yD;qufvI'gef;vdkufygonf tbm --/

ykuvk yuv a,mufusm;rdr®

0gBuD;0gBuD;r &[ef;urusef
cJwHuavmif "g;aqmif'kwfqJG
vuf,SufwJGvQuf
Elem0J,m; cGufaygufrsm;udk
rxm;<uif;usef
wdkufwGef;vSefyg --/

tbmrSmpum;
rdrvm;yg
w&m;wvuf "g;wzufjzifh
qufvuf awmfvSefygrnf tbm --/

(tbmh) EdkifiHawmfBuD;\vGwfvyfa&;
wdkufyJGjzifh &,lygrnf tbm --/

&u©
(May 25, 2006)

tpdBuJBuJ ocGm;z&J
vkyfuwfrnfqdk
wkwfwkwf rvIyf
qDrD;cGufudk rD;rIwf --/

usifudkifrnfqdk
xdkifeDa& --/

( 52 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

"gwfyHk½dkufau
*dkufacseefU --/

aygifwHvIyfvIyf
ZD;uGuf½kyf --/

tbm ighom;
vcpm; --/

bJGUvHk;xD;xD;
ykwfavmufBuD; --/

tpdBuJBuJ
ocGm;z&J --/

omvSOD;
(06/06/06)

awmufcsD;us
bdrok brok
wckvnf; ravhvm
ajymcg EdkifiHa&;
awmufcsD;usatmif rkef;a& --/

bl;oD;eefU c&rf;
cJGjcrf;vdkU r&
[vmau trsdK;om;a&;
aemufukef;ESpfjcrf; uJGrnf --/

olUzufudk,fhzuf vdyfydkif,uf
pGefvufoJ
[wfusau nDñGwfa&;
apmufjrif0zdkUaumif;a& --/

( 53 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wl&mwef&m
olUtxm
&GmeefUausmif;
waMumif;wnf; --/

(pdkif;j'm;)
(06/06/06)

eef;xufudk zGwfwufjcif;
vlav;ig;ajcmufa,muf wpifaxmif
w*dkPf;cJG z½dkz&J
azmifysuf0g;ydkif NydKuJG
atqlrem;a, ol&Jaumif; --/

&efolbm;rSm 'l;axmuf
uHaumif;axmufrvdkU touf&Sif
b0ifacs wjrjr
uGrf;w,mudk nufnufrGm;
atqlrem;a& &cdkifrif;avmif; --/

]obmywd} [u&Dus
£a`E´r& vQm&nfus
yk*E´& 'Hk;ratmufay:
atqlrem;a, olawmfaumif; --/

]zGwfurD;ausmif;jzpf acsmif;jrpfrcHom}
]uRefuolaumif;jzpf jynf&GmrtD;csrf;&m}
rSefygvDpG
r[mynmausmf avQmufxHk; --/

(ausmufvHk;)
(05/06/2006)

EGm;vm;Oób

( 54 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

aumuf½dk;rD;u
awmrD;ydkifa,Smif
[efa&;jy --/

wcP
psmef<u r&P --/

ol,ifig,if
vufeufcs --/

aumuf½dk;pm;
EGm;vm;Oób --/

(BudrfvHk;)

jyifomvdyfrsm;taMumif;
vlu c&rf;oD;
pum;u "jyKwfoD; --/

rdk;BuD;vDBuD;
xGufvdkUNyD; --/

usm;&Sda&muf cGD;
aMumuftm;BuD; --/

idkUb ighbdkU
n§dvdkUr&
uPef;cr --/

vufn§dK;wukwf
usnfwMuKwf
bk&ifvkyfzdkUpdwful;
vdyfOwl;eDuwfaw --/

( 55 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
udk,fht,ltq&m rSefa&xif
tm;vHk;udk um;pifwifzdkUBudK;pm;,if;
wGif;xJu zm;oli,fyrm
rmefyg[def;a[muf
auo&mZm jcaoFhu
tbmac:avmufaw --/

(0dvmowf)

tmZmeD
av;&yf0wD
&yfXmeDrS
ZmeDtaygif;
ol&Jaumif;½dkU
Zmwfaygif;qHkum
jynfrsufESmudk
axmufum&Sd½I
nDñGwfrIjzifh
acwfOD;wacwf
ordkif;opfudk
rsdK;cspftm;oef
ZmwdrmefeefU
atmifvHudkxrf;
vufqifhurf;vD
tmZmeD --/

urÇmwcGif
&mZ0ifrSm
*kPftifjrifhrm;
&cdkifom;[k
bk&m;Asm'dwf
jynfBuD;&dyf\
twdwfordkif;
rrIefrdIif;cif
twdkif;tq

( 56 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
EdIif;r&aom
tzjynfBuD;
ordkif;<uD;udk
tNyD;qyfvD
tmZmeD --/

oGD;&if;om;csif;
nDñGwfjcif;jzifh
atmifjcif;erdwf
atmifbdodufeefU
atmif[dwfr*Fvm
rsdK;0Hom\
r[matmifyJG
vGwfvyfa&;vrf;
Asm'dwfyef;udk
qifjref;ygvD
tmZmeD --/

tmZmeDavmif;
ol&Jaumif;[k
bJGUaqmif;owfrSwf
urÜnf;wyfysm,f
rGefjrwfwef;cGef
rsdK;atmifvHudk
aw;oHpHknD
wyfOD;csDvQuf
0wDav;&yf
vufacgif;cwfNyD;
wdkif;&yfwcGif
*kPfjyKcsifa&
t,ifZmcg vmzdkUvJ --/

q&mawmf (emvE´m)

&ckdifpum;

( 57 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
zdk;zD;ZlZm
tpdkifvm\
bmompum;
trGDrsm;onf
oGD;om;b@m
&wem --/

&wemppf
trGDESpfonf
tESpf&maxmif
rsm;ajrmifc&D;
jzwfvmNyD;rS
acwfBuD;rsufarSmuf
igh½dkUatmufrSm
*a,mufuyg;
aysmufuG,fvm;au
ig;yg;arSmufrnf
&cdkifjynf --/

q&mawmf (emvE´m)

ckESpf&ufwywf
wv*FeD wvvFm
tbm awmuvm --/

tF*g Ak'¨L;
tbm ajrmufOwl; --/

Mumom;ywD; aomufMum
a,mufzacs aygufcsvm --/

peDvnf;a&muf
c½kacsvm;vdkU aumuf --/

(ausmufoifykef;)

( 58 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&ckdif&ifoGD;uAsmrsm;
yef;jrwfoZif OD;xdyfwif
r[mrked a&Tyv’if
rGD;rdcif qkrGefawmif;
usr®mpDaMumif;
ompDaMumif; --/

oZifyef;cdkif wNrdKifNrdKif
Asm'dwf&a& jynf&cdkif
owif;rTD;BudKif urÇmwvGm;
r[mrked jynfBuD;om; --/

av;&yf0wD pkaygif;nD
tmZmeDrsm; xGef;um;vD
rsdK;om*D ZmeDzGm;
&cdkifom;a0 &cdkifom; --/

olUusGefrcH xawmfvSef
rif;om;&DTbef; atmifausmfZH
pH&TDazG opömazmuf
wdkif;jynf ig;yg;arSmuf --/

pdkif;wifNrdKUpm; Adkvfcsif;jyef
awmfvSefa&;\ jynfwef;cGef
atmifausmfZH NrdKUolBuD;
wdkif;jynftwGuf toufyD; --/

q&mawmf (emvE´m)

q&morm;
q&m --

( 59 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
q&m t½kyfuvSyg\ --/

q&m --
q&m EIwfucsdK\ --/

NyD;vQif
q&m --
q&m ork'fuus,f\ --/

(0&if;wkwf)

wvifuGm rqr
&DrcsdK;bJ
oeyfcg;ESdrf;xma&
wvifuGm rqrydkif
y,feDpGmudk rqD;
a*gif;acszD;vdkU
vlBuD;vkyfcsifodrfha& --/

,dkvlr&Suf
jrifvl&Suf
yk&pfrsufESm
jyKwfrEl; --/

(0&if;wkwf)

oli,fwef;zwfpm
tmPmvdkcsif
&GD;aumufyJG0if --/

tmPmr&
axmif&mus --/

( 60 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

pH&yg,ifh ESpfrsm;pGm
odkUaomfaxmifeef;yg --/

vuf0Jvuf,m Muif,m,Sm;
udk,f&mrdbk&m; --/

vlwcsdKUu iHkUrcH
qufqufíawmfvSef --/

rSefuefol ZmraMumuf
tarmufudk "armufeefUacguf --/

(ausmufoifykef;)

*&ifoD;
vlowform;u
em;csonf
olwyg;toufudk rowf& --/

yg&mpdu
w&m;jyonf
umarokrdpäpm&uH
rusL;vGef& --/

tmPmodrf;yg;p
Mum;&onf
nDñGwfa&;udk wnfaqmufMu --/

NzdKcJGu
tjrJoHk;onf
pnf;vHk;a&; --/

*&ifoD;eHU
(tvGeftvGefU)

( 61 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rTD;ysHUownf; --/

(omvSOD;)

*&ifoD; (2)
tukodkvf t,kwf
(rykyfcif)
rTD;rTD;rTD;BudKif --/

(ykyfaomf)
cGD;cGD;csD;ydkif --/

Ak'¨
(06/06/06)

usdefpmoifha*gif;
zdeyfeefU rwefvkdU
zaemifhukd vSD;au
0&if;wkwf awmif;pGm&mcsifh --/

&,fcsifau&,f
jyHK;csifaujyHK;
cvkefUowfpGm
avmurSm rqef; --/

ewforD; tvSyvSacswdeefU
tdrfrufwdukd qGJqefUvdkU
nwm&Snf aqmif;nnfhwdudk
azsmhazsmif;,if;
rdk;rvif;Edkif --/

usdefpmoifha*gif;wvkH;
bkef;bkef;cs tdyfraysmf

( 62 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
w&D;Ekd; xawG;wkdif;
urÇmrD;avmif
om;aumifcseif; --/

Mu,fopfvif;
(Kray Thite Lunn)

twåvGef&dyf
ig
c&D;pxGufcsdefu nOfh
0dorjrHKrdk;&dyfrsm;
tHkMuufrIaMumifh
a&mifjyefr[yf
ork'´, vrf;aMumif;xufrSm
teHUroif; usKyftdkifudkeif;
pl;0ifcvkefUwdkuf
,D;wD;,dkifwdkifjzpfysm,f
c&D;qufeDwkef;/

ausmfjr
(25/09/2000)

&vm'f
[if;vif;jyifxJ? jrLrIefUuGJjym;
jzLrJa&mifpHk? oEÅefpHkeefU
rjzHK[efxm;? pGrf;tm;rsm;udk
vIdif;tm;wc?k wdkufqdkifjyKu
tHwk&ifqdkif? rausmfEdkifvdkU
xdkpdkifa'a&muf? xyfBuDavSmufysm,f
vGifhajrmufc&D;? qufwdk;rGD;,if; --/

urÇmBuD;xJ? ½kyfj'yfcJrsm;
uGJvGJa&mifpHk? toGifpHkeefU

( 63 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rwkef[efxm;? pGrf;tm;rsm;udk
vdIif;tm;rsm;pk? wdkufcdkufjyKvnf;
zufwkNydKifqdkif? NzdKcGif;Edkif,ifh
wnfEdkifpGrf;Edkif? *kPfa&mif,SOfvQuf
r@dKifxnf½dk;? qufwdk;ysdK;,if; --/

ausmfjr
(27/06/2000)

tm;ri,fuJh
t&Sdzufa&muf
½dk;wavQmufa&muf
ajymufajymufqlnH
aoewfoHeefU
&Jrmef0ifh<um;
ZmeDrsm;onf
pGefUpm;wref
zufqpf&efudk
wGef;vSefwdkufcdkuf
vHk;vtm;pdkuf
tjrpfrusef
awmfvSefvQuf --/

taemufurf;NcD
a*g,mNrDu
ZmeDpdwfxm;
ol&Jaumif;rsm;vnf;
BudK;pm;½kef;uef
e,fcsJU&efudk
ckcHwdkufcdkuf
ZGJpdkufpdkufjzifh
ESdrfESif;ypf&ef
enf;opfMuHvQuf
xufxufjrjr
0d&d,eefU

( 64 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wdkufcdkufeDuwfvDAsm,fwum; --/

(rif;"n)

tHzwf
c&rf;oD;pum;
em;cg;vm;cyg,m --/

(0&if;wkwf)

tif;ayguf0
iSufjzpfygvQuf
iSufpum;xm
rdeDygau
toif ZmwfysufeDAsm,fa, --/

(trnfrod pmqdk)

j*if;
oHxJudk,fü
oHujzpfonf
oHcsD;udkufjcif;
taMumif;&if; --/

(omvSOD;)

uRefrsdK;,kwf
&cdkifom;rSm

( 65 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
udk,f\pmudk
udk,fhpum;jzifh
r&GD;wwfyg --/

olUpum;jzifh
&GD;wwfygonf
NcDygonf --/

odkUygaomfaMumifh
uRefrsdK;,kwfrSm
ESpfaygif;&SnfMum
uRefjzpfrnfrSm
taocsm --/

(omvSOD;)

q&mijym 0rf;&Dqm
wcgvmvnf;
zwfzdkUjrefrm --/

ESpfcgvmvnf;
zwfzdkUjrefrm --/

oHk;cgvmvnf;
zwfzdkUjrefrm --/

zwfzdkU&cdkif
r[dyg --/

q&mijym
rodyg --/

jynfjrefrmu
vlrsm;rSm
ol&GD;aompm

( 66 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rzwfyg --/

(xdkaomtcg)
q&m ijym
0rf;&DqmrSm
pm;ygvD,ifh
]oum}

(omvSOD;)

rsufESmi,fyef;cif;
olUyef;jcHrSm
jzLjymeD0g
wifhw,fyg\ --/

ighyef;jcHrSm
jymjyma[mufa[muf
oGdajcmuf\ --/

qvdrfEG,ftkyf
xGD;,IwfjcmjcL? oyGwftlvdkuf
ig\pdkufcif;
Munfh,if; pdwfnpf&ygonf --/

xkyfydk;o,ful
oQifvlaemufvdkuf
yef;urpdkuf
aygif;&mpdkuf --/

armifayguf
(&cdkifjynf)

uefawmhqGrf;

( 67 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&cdkifjzpfygvQuf
jrefrmpum; wcGef;p ESpfcGef;p

(yJvTmMum;
qm;n§yf
j*m;*sD j*m;*syf)

ajym&rS auseyfygonf
ryDyg\
yDyg\ --/

&cdkifjzpfygvQuf
jrefrmydkif &GD;& rSwf&

(a,mufzausmf
aAGawmfudkwrf;
a,mifum,rf;)

vGrf;&rS auseyfygonf
tmNcDyg\
vQmNcD\ --/

0dnmOfuRefjzpf
cRwf&rvG,f
oifo&m&Snfonf
atmufjynfi&J vm;ownf; --/

(omvSOD;)

OmPfaumif;olrsm;
&efukefa&mufpGm
wywfawmifrjynfhodrfh -

]vufckwfoD;} vm;0,fvlu

( 68 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
]aomhcavmuf} jzpf/

]*,dkifoD;} BudKufawvlu
]rvumoD;} jzpfvm/

]q&m} udk ]q,m} vdkUac:/

],auvJh} udk
]'gayrJh} ajym/

]tz} udkyif
]trdvif} vdkUac:csifolwd/

]aumufp&D} udkrdvdkU
]aA'g} udkcspfwwfvm/

]vT} udk ]oTs} vdkUxGufcgxGuf/

cvkefUowfpGm
]trav;} vdkUa,mif/

ajym&au
em;&Sufaw/

(0&if;wkwf)
(July 4, 2005) wvvFmed/

okawoD
okawoD[k
ynwfjyKaom
A[kokw
vGef<u,f0aom q&m --/

urÇmhordkif;
jzpfpOfwdkif;udk

( 69 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ydkif;jcm;a0zef
wdusrSefaom q&m --/

jrefrm&mZ0if
usrf;pHkvifudk
&ifowfrdarm
a[majymEdkifaom q&m --?

yd#uwfoHk;zHk
tvHk;pHkudk
tm*Hk aqmifvQuf
EIwfusuf&aom q&m --/

&cdkifordkif; &cdkifpmus
avhvmBudK;ukwf
azmfxkwfzdkU&ef
olu rduGefaqmifeD\ --/

armifayguf (&cdkifjynf)
(11/07/2006)

acguf&rf;yGifhaom oZif
rsdK;cspfaw[k? qdkayvmaom
&mZ0ifcPf;? awmf0ifeef;u
yef;vSoZif
oifyGifhaomyef;? tqef;tuGefU
vdrftwGefUjzifh? tñGefUtEk
0wf&nfpkvQuf? EkEkysdKysdK
pdkpdk&Tef;&Tef;? vGefxl;qef;vnf;
cJGjcrf;aocsm? pD;ppfygaomf
n§mwHt½dk;? wrsdK;wrnf
yifpnfum;um;? 0rf;zm;zm;jzifh
tem;vdyfjym? oef;rvmaom
AvmteHU? rTD;ysHUr[d
yuwdvQif/ yDjyifxif&Sm;

( 70 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
um;um;yGifhvef;? xdkonfyef;rSm
acguf&rf;yef;BuD;jzpfeDownf; --/

(omvSOD;)
&cdkifor jrefrmuAsmpmqdkoQifBuD; (ppfawGyGifhvTm) odkU vGrf;jcif;/

wyfvSefUoH
oDrxl;
eDrxl;
cGD;½l;0Jpm;
avQmufom; e&ef;vef
&DiHaomuf
jrufajcmufwG,f
pkuúwD;EG,fzGm;
zm;jyKwfrsm;udk
acsmif;ajrmifr<uif;
<uufwGif;rcsef
wGef;vSefrsdK;jzKwf
ed*kPf;csKyf --/

a,mufzac:csif
um;pifwif --/

t0ifvnf;yD;
e&if;wD; --/

vlBuD;wifajr§muf
a*gif;udkacguf --/

'l;axmufatmufcH
oabmufuRef --/

(aqmfMool)

( 71 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wdkifwnfygonf
wdkifwnfygonf? jrwfoQifqDodk h
wlnDqE´ [donfudk --/

tdk -- toQifOwÅr
jrefrmhwcGif? Nidrf;pDcsifí
toQifBudK;yef;? vGwfvyfvrf;udk
zGifhpGrf;Edkifcygaomfvnf; --/

,refedn? oQifhtdrftwGif;
w0if;0if;nH? aoewfoH½dk h
usnfqH½dk hu
oGD;cif;cuwf vDAsm,fwnf; --/

tdk -- toQifOwÅr
oQifhNcD&if;udk? iHkU,if;Bunfhyg --/

vlowform;
oifowfxm;aom? tavmif;rsm;udk
vm;íMunfhyg --/

jrifMunfhvdkufyg
axmif&mcsDrQ? oDMuonftwGif;
jypfrJhuif;aom oli,frsm; --/

vufeufqdk? tyfwdkrQvnf;
rygcyg --/

usL;ausmfrIudk? ZmqdkZmrQ
rvkyfcyg --/

vufeuftm;udk;? cGD;olcdk;½dk h
,kwfqdk;vGefnpf? &efolppfodk h
ppfwvif;qif? onfuRef;jyifudk
rMuifemwrf;? oDG;pdrf;vTrf;pD
avmifuRrf;vDc ygAsm,fwnf; --/

( 72 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

oTD;n§DeHUvIdif? oDG;tdkifcHvQuf
ruefvlom;? tavmif;rsm;onf
xkdem;wpk? a'wpkjzifh
pkaygif;ajrmufrsm;? tESHUjym;wnfh --/

,rf;aiGUrjy,f? þonfe,fudk
rdzG,fr[d? bDvl;oGD;aomuf
cGD;oabmuf½dkU? oDaysmufygpD
igrusDEdkif --/

oQifhNcD&if;udk? OD;cdkufqdkonf
tvdkjynfh0 ygpDownf; --/

uefawmhvufaqmif? uRefUvufaqmifonf
rajymifqDrD;? opfoD;r[kwf
yef;r[kwfyg? oGD;cGufomvQif
uRefUrSmvufaqmif ygygonf --/

onfvufaqmifrGef? rIwfcGHoGD;cGuf
wifqufonfudk? cGifhjyKvdkonf
oGD;udkoGD;jzifh qyf&pD --/

EdkifEdkif (ppfawG)

tvSnfhqGrf;
csifqD
vkyfcsifwdkif;vkyf
,kwfcsifwdkif;,kwf
ESraZmif;wdudk
qDokwfoGwfzdkU
tvGwfryD;uJhzd --/

wa,mufwZGef;
oydwfqGrf;udk jznfhuwfrnf --/

( 73 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

apwemaumif;
o'¨gqGrf;udk avmif;uwfrnf --/

ykZGefwkwfBuD; qDjyefausmf
jrifpGmeefU vQm&nf,dk
oMum;rvdk
qm;rvdk
ysm;csdKcsdKonf
eDñdkñdk nZmom;
rxif;udk 0atmifpm;xm;
zufcGufrsm; tm;vHk; --/

(a&T&cdkif)

ZmolavQmufvSrf;csifzdkUvJ
cufxefMurf;wrf;
c&D;vrf;udk
ZmolavQmufvSrf;csifzdkUvnf; --/

vlUtcGifhta&;
tav;rrl
oGD;pkwf,lNyD;
vludkapmfum;
rw&m;rI
xifwdkif;jyKí
tefwkNzdKcGif;
awmfvSefjcif;rsm;
jzpfyGm;ay:vm
orkdif;vTmopf
tjzpfuawmh
½dk;½dk;&m --/

vludkvlxif
vl[kjrifaomf

( 74 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vlvQifvlcsif;
ppfcif;awmfvSef
cufxefMurf;wrf;
c&D;vrf;udk
jzwfoef;avQmufvdrfhrnfr[kwfyg --/

(ckdifcspfoGD; )

{&r ol&Jaumif;
jrufxGifaomcg
olryg --/

aygif;,Sif;aomcg
olryg --/

&Davmif;aomcg
olryg --/

tyifBuD;vdkU
toD;oD;vm
olryg --/

toD;BuD;vdkU
pm;zdkUcgus
olyxr --/

atqlvQif
vlawmf --/

atqlvQif
ol&Jaumif; --/

atqlvQif
ynm[d --/

( 75 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
atqlvQif
u0d --/

(omvSOD;)

vufeufudkif &cdkifol&Jaumif;BuD;rsm;
udk,fudkifvdkU udk,fus
{&r usifoef
aemuf*Rrf;jyefonf
rif;avmif;acswd
pm;vDzd --/

aemufwef;qdkvQif
wm;vdkUyifr&
&Sdwef;xGufzdkU --/

&Sdwef;qdkvQif
cGeftm;xuf
OmPfoGm;xuf
uAsm uAsm
&GD;p&monf
ighrSm wyHkwacgif;
tvpfacsmif;um
xGufwkwfvmonf
uAsmq&mBuD;
pmr&GD; --/

&GD;onfhuAsm
jrefrma,Smif
qDykvif;udk aqmif --/

(omvSOD;)

( 76 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ypöKyÜef&u©jynf
tuRef½dkU\&u©jynf
tjzpfrSmjzifh? &ifvD;p&m
rD;a&mifvnf;aysmuf
vrf;raygufí? &Dra&mufpm;p&m
om;ig;rSmvnf;
rrD;0Hhp&m
cufyga&av; --/

wedwvkyf? aumif;aumif;pm;zdkU
renf;tm;eefUvkyfrS
00acspm;&a&
tu,ftrSef
tuRef½dkU\&u©jynf --/

"n0wD? Asm'dwf&vnf;
uRefoaygufb0? ig½dkUa&mufí
aygrsm;[da&? qef&Dpyg;
ig;ykpGefESifh? [if;urusef
&cdkifom;½dkU? rpm;&ukef --/

pm;p&m csdKifaygif
0wfp&m tqdk;xkyf
eDp&m wJpkwf
xGef;p&m rD;za,mif;ESifh
aysmfzdkUaumif;a&
uRefb0ESifh&cdkifjynf --/

(uRefr[kwfaw uRefacsa,muf)

&ckdifawmfvSefa&;
zufcGufpm;wd tzdESdyf
rcHcsifa&pdwf

( 77 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tHukdBudwfvkdU
rdypfzypf
jynfcspfpdwfESifh
rGD;&yfukdcGm
xGufvkdUvma&
&cdkifrom;
awmfvSefa&;orm;acswd --/

vma&tcg tjzLxnf
bufrod abmifrvdk
wdkuf&auauseyf
Zmavmufwuf<uuwfawvJ --/

a,auvJh
vufwGdb0 awmfvSefa&;rSm
ta&mifqdk;cHuwf&
vlMumBuD;wdbm;rSm --/

aemufqHk;cg
ESpfwdMumvdkU
vlMumBuD;wd
oifyD;a& enf;ynm
0g;wkwfudk&m
odkufESifhjcifzdkU
wwfvdkUvm --/

ajyma&tcg rsdK;cspf
tepfemcHuwf&zdkUvwf --/

vkyfawtcg udk,fhpdwfwcsif
wa,mufudkvnf; rwdkifyif --/

ajyma&tcg nDñGwfa&;
vkyfawtcg eD&m&a&; --/

ajyma&tcg wrsdK;om;vHk;aumif;pm;a&;
vkyfawtcg aqGrsdK;aumif;pm;a&; --/

( 78 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ajyma&tcg 'Drdkua&pD
vkyfawtcg vDrdkua&pD/

ajyma&tcg vlUtcGifhta&;
vkyfawtcg udk,fxdef;csKyfa&; --/

atydkif atydkif
oyGwftl awmfvSefa&;
yaZmifysifvdkU atmifzdkUvJ --/

pdkif;pm;au &ifusyf
jyefxGufau trTD;uRwf --/

cGD;zsmvdyf 0ifa&ydkif
jynfudkvnf; rjyefEdkif --/

olrsm;jynfrSm 'ku©
awmfvSefa&;orm;acswdb0 --/

(&ifcwÅDuRef;om;)

cspfvDnDvD pnf;vHk;vD
av;0wDzGm;? nDudkrsm;½dkU
cHpm;Munfhvdkuf? aESmif;twdwfu
"n0wD? a0omvD
yk&defyÍöm? ae&Íö&mESifh
avmif;Muufav;NrdKU? zGHUNzdK;ompG
vSywifhw,f? &ckdifjynf --/

av;0wDzGm;? nDudkrsm;½dkU
om;ig;ykZGef? pyg;qefESifh
aygvQH<u,f0? jynf&u©ü
twdwfcefUjim;? qef;jym;vuf&m
Adokum½dkU? tjrifrSmqef;

( 79 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tHhrcef;onfh? a&TjynfajrmufOD;
ñTefUzl;r@dKif? jynf&cdkif --/

av;0wD;zGm;? nDtudkrsm;½dkU
pdkif;pm;Munfhyg? awG;Munfhyg
t*kcsdefcg? ig½dkUrSmum;
jynf&GmNrdKUjy? ompGr[d
twdqif;&J? tarSmifxJü
ai;armreD? tm;rmefcsDí
cspfvDnDvD pnf;vHk;vD --/

av;0wDzGm;? nDudkrsm;½dkU
pum;uGJjym;? vDoHjcm;vnf;
rdum;&ckdif? z&ckdifeefU
twlrGD;zGm;? &ckdifom;&m
oGD;jcm;pum;? rajymMum;zdkU
cspfvDnDvD pnf;vHk;vD --/

aMomf --
av;0wDzGm;? nDudkrsm;½dkU
a'gorxm;? pnf;rjcm;yJ
tm;jznfhMuyg? pnf;vHk;yg
BudK;pm;Muyg? Edk;xyg
cspfvDnDvD? pnf;vHk;vDrS
ompG&ckdif? jynfr@Kdifü
oZifBudKifoif;? vjcrf;vif;í
ig½dkU"dXmef? atmifyGJcHrnf --/

(cdkifcspfoGD;)

abmvHk;yJG
NydKifzufu
txdem vdyfjymrvHkjzpfeDwkef;
&onfhtvkH;
tvSqHk; wifyD;auvJh

( 80 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
udk,fhzufom;wdu NcDroGuf
NydKifvlrzsufbJ ysufus
tm;yD;vlwd a'goxGuf
pdwfysufvufysufjzpfuwf& --/

owdeefUppfqif
rMumcif vQyfpdrf;jy
*sufusrnf t,if --/

NydKifzuf tufcdkuf
(xk½dkuf)
tidkufrdau tyDudkif
(tydkifvQL;)
vufOD;olEdkif --/

[def;Edkif (rEÅav;)
(29/11/2005)

rif;udkEdkifuAsm
qE´eefUb0
wxyfwnf;uszdkUqdkpGm
ulyGefacswapmifudkifAsm
uHprf;rJ yxrqkudk
arQmfeDpGmeefU twlwl --/

ig½dkUwdudk,fu
wdkufqifwdydkif
t&DxlzdkU BudK;pm;eD&pGm
wdkufyGJMurf;u'gPf&m
atmifyGJ&cgrS jyzdkU --/

"gwfpmtrsdK;rsdK;udk
tdyf&mxJu ylqmeDa&
vlemonfeefU
wleDrSef;vnf;odyga& --/

( 81 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

trdcGHUauR;orQ
(wusmusmatmfAsm,f)
ypvdkuf[
iSufaygufpacs b0u
vGefajrmufcsifpGm MumAsm,f --/

avmif*sDusK rsOf;waBumif;wnf;xuf
twlreDEdkifuwfvdkU
ednvnf; rwl
tdrfrufudk ajymjyzdkU
rdk;xufapmapmrSm
eifutdyfarmuscgp --/

- ESif; - aw;jcif;xJuydkify
t*ku yifv,fjyif&m[dAsm,f - qdka& tydk'f
wausmhjyefjyef qdkvdkufrnf
weded
igaumufxm;orQ c½kcGHwdeefU
t½kyfacswd vkyfjyrnf
arsmufoef;&Sma&
t½kyfacsvnf; ygzdkUy --/

(rif;udkEdkif)
ppfawGaxmifwGif &GD;pyfonf/
(&cdkifbmomodkU bmomjyefqdkxm;ygonf)

um&HrJh uAsmwyk'f
qifaygifBuD;rSefauvJh
EGHepfaomcg
½kef;&rvG,fyg --/

uRHeDvlu
r½kef;<uau
tolvmvdkU ½kef;zdkUvJ --/

( 82 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(TV) xJu
[ufvDaumfywm
apmifharQmfeDvm; --/

&cdkifjynfrSm
[ufvDaumfywm
r[dyg --/

udk,fuRHeDpGm
udk,fr½kef;<u
y&Hvl<uvdkU vGwfzdkUvm; --/

ezl;vufwif
eDr0ifcif
pdkif;pm;yg ighoQif --/

qifaygifBuD;tm;
Zmem;xm;vJ
pauhacsavmuf ½kef;MunfhpDcsif --/

odkUr[kwfvQif
toif
(qif) qdkauvJh
usKyfxJrSm
jrKwfvm;Edkifa& --/

(omvSOD;)

arsmufr
ig½dkUu olUudk rvdkyg
a,auvJh olUcifrQm
rsufESm jymjym a&mufvdkUvm --/

ig½dkUu olUudk rcifyg

( 83 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
a,auvJh olUcifrQm
rsufpdysw aygufcsvm --/

ola&mufu
vufrtm;yg
tukefoludk jyóem&Sm --/

rk'drf;usifh vlowf
cdk;0Sufvdrf0g
,kwfnHhatmufwef;us
edrfhusvGef;yga&um --/

arsmufrADZ
azsmuf&rvG,fyg
aygufuwnf;u ygvmpGm
a&m*g --/

(a&T&cdkif)
jrefrmhwyfrawmfudk &nfñTef;onf/

rwwfomvdkU&m
cGD;olawmif;pm;wdu
ig½dkUjynfudk vmtkyfcsKyf
vlvkyfeDuwfaw --/

ol½dkUu
tElvufeefU
a&TcGuf udkifcsifeDuwfaw --/

apmufyHkrvma& rsufESmeefU
zufcGufpm;wd --/

tukodkvftvkyfeefU
t,kwfwrmwd --/

( 84 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
t*krS
ol½dkUtvSnfhus
idkjywwfuwfawyif --/

uaumif;
oem;zdkU aumif;vSyg\ --/

zifwuGuG
arsmufr tdkemwd --/

tm;emyg,ifh
ol½dkU ypaygufudk
*Grf;qdkUxm;vdkufcsifa& --/

(0&if;wkwf)
arv (25) &ufed? 2002 – ckESpf/

ZmvkyfoifhAsmvJ
qefqDqD;qm;? oD;ESHrsm;udk
ig½dkU pdkuf,lEdkifuwfaw --/

NrDay:NrDatmuf? &Datmufrusef
o,HZmw? &wemtvSudk
ig½dkU &SmazGEdkifuwfaw --/

odyifodxm;? vDaomfjim;vnf;
cHpm;usdK;iSm? rpGrf;ompGm
ig½dkU ZmaMumifhBuHK&av --/

e,fcsJUvufatmuf? uRefoabmufb0rSm
ESpfaygif;&mcDs? ydwfavSmifeD&
vrdkufnwd? rqHk;Edkif --/

aomuwGdBuHK? i&JbHkudk
rNzdKEdkifbJ? awGidkifai;Asm

( 85 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
Mur®mtjypf? cHeDuwfaw
&cdkifacs½dkU tcsdefwefAsm,f --/

(cdkifausmfacgif)

avSmiftdrfpH oHa,mZOf
avSmiftdrfqdkpGm
zdESdyfrIwd qHkpnf;&m
vGwfvyfrIrSeforQ qdyfokef;&m
tedXm½Hk½dkU pnfyif&m
aysmf&TifrIwd csKyfNidrf;&m --/

omrefvlwa,muftawG;eefU
½dk;½dk;pif;pif;acs
odEdkifyga& --/

a,auvJh
a'avSmiftdrfxJrSm
r0a&pm xrif;wqkwf
&Dwrkwfudk cifrifAsm,f
t&m&mudk rsufpdrSdwf
BudwfrSdwfcHpm;Asm,f --/

tqHk;r[da& aumif;cifjyifudk
pdwful;,dkifvdkU
tBudrfBudrfysHzdkU BudK;pm;cauvJh
t&mrxif &Djyift½kyfqJG
uBudK;jyKwfus
yifyef;&a& --/

a,auvJh
½kef;xGuf& cufeDpGmu
a'avSmiftdrf rmaMumvdkUvm;
ightawmifzH usdK;eDvdkUvm;
a'avSmiftdrfn§dKUtm;

( 86 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ighudk zrf;pm;xm;vdkUvm; --/

cdkifrsdK;xGef;
(Edk0bFmv (10) &uf? 2005-ckESpf)

rGD;&mygADZ
oJwyGifhudk trSDjyKvdkU
tkyfwcsyf wefzdk;udk
ESvHk;twGuf &if0,fydk;&if;
b0rvSjcif;udk cGifhvTwfEdkifpDzdkU
&u©jrDtwGuf om;paw;cHrnf - trif --/

½kyfqif;ewÅd
ESvHk;pifppfeefU
awmfvSefppfwGuf
om;½kyfavmif;cE¨m
vSL'gef;csifpdwfudk
om;twGuf 0rf;ajrmufyg -trif --/

trifom;oDG;
jynfBuD;&SifoefzdkU
wcGufaomuf&D
yD;pGefUEdkifa&;
om;wa,muf tzGJU0ifzdkU
wGef;tm;yD;yg -trif- /

trdkif;[da& t&u©awm
tzdk;ajyma& &u©NrD
Asm'dwfyef;NrD
vuFmajrmufa&;
om;udk tm;qD;wdkufauR;yg -trif- /

pGefUvTwfrIrsm;udk aMumydk;&if;
AsL[mxdyfa&muf BudK;yrf;rnf
rNyD;ajrmufodrfha& wm0eftwGuf

( 87 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aemufjyef rarQmjcif;udk
auseyfpGm cGifhvTwfyg - tdk -trif- /

(rsdK;qufopfvli,frsm;odkU rdwfqufjcif;)

(atmifoef;)
Edk0bFm (8) &ufed? 2005-ckESpf

nu awmfvSefa&;udka&muf
nu awmfvSefa&;udka&muf
oGm;aygufp cGD;acswd
nDñGwfa&;qdk
ykoifñdk
a*gif;udkvnf;n§dwf
cvdrfusdwf --/

nu awmfvSefa&;udka&muf
oGm;aygufp cGD;acswd
awmfvSefa&;qdk
awmxJcdk
j*mtdkvnf;us
vufeufcs --/

nu awmfvSefa&;udka&muf
oGm;aygufp cGD;acswd
&zsL*sDudk rvdkqdk
rvdkbJavQmuf
ewfjynfa&muf --/

nu awmfvSefa&;udka&muf
oGm;aygufp cGD;acswd
wHk;ydkif;udkudkif
aqmifhajcmifxdkif
wHk;ydkif;vnf;usdK;
*Rrf;vnf;xdk; --/

( 88 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

armifayguf
(&cdkifjynf)

q&mawmf qGrf;pm;yg bk&m;

qDrsm;qDEdkif
qm;rsm;qm;Edkif b0rSm
vljzpf&pGm roufom --/

t,ifucg
Am&mPoDjynfrSm

qGrf; - udk
uGrf; - vdkUac: --/

q&mawmf - udk
a,mufz - vdkUac: --/

bk&m; - udk
EGm; - vdkUac: --/

qGrf;wum armifa,mufusm;
qGrf;ydkUaZmifvm; --/

q&mawmfudk
avQmufqdkaom pum; --/

a,mufz
uGrf;pm;yg - EGm; --/

ollUtdk; olUqef
twefwef --/

armifayguf
(&cdkifjynf)

( 89 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

vdktyfcsuf
trsdK;cspfpGm aumif;yga&
(a,auvJh)
tzdk;xdkufzdkUawmh vdkrnf --/

awmfvSefa&;vkyfpGm aumif;yga&
(a,auvJh)
avQmfuefoifhjrwfzdkUawmh vdkrnf --/

rsdK;aysmufzdkU
pdk;aMumufaumif;yga&
(a,auvJh)
olcdk;aemufvdkuf
rjzpfzdkU vdkrnf --/

(armifrSef)

rqef;vm;
toGD;tom;xJuavmuf
trsdK;om;opömazmufwdu
atmufcGufpum;
0atmif ajymNyD;au
atmufcGufuAsm
0atmif &GD;eDuwfpGm
qef;vm --/

(a,auvJh)
trsdK;cspfaw ajymNyD;au
rsdK;aysmufzdkU pdk;aMumufolwdu
atmufcGufpum;
0atmif ajymNyD;au

( 90 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
atmufcGufuAsm
0atmif &GD;eDuwfpGm
rqef;vm; --/

(rdk;&dyf)

Zpfjrpf
eD0ef; - xJu vma&vlwd
&J&JawmufowÅd
rqkwfrepfZJGvHkUvwdeefU
wwdwdBudK;pm;
vdkcsifpGmudk &atmif,lAsm,f
eD0ef; - xJudkjyefvm;uwf --/

&Dprf; - xJu vma&vlwd

csrf;ajrUaomraem
tD;Nidrf;aomoazmudkaqmifAsm,f
wnfMunfcdkifcHha& pdwfeDobm0 wdeefU
tm;vHk;udk pGefUcGgyem
&Dprf; - xJudk jyefvm;uwf --/

vDo&rf; - xJu vma&vlwd

rcdkifrma&pdwf"gwf
,dkifwdkifwdkifNcDvSrf;wdeefU
usm;zrf;zdkU? qifzrf;zdkU
aumif;cifudk rD;eefUwdkufzdkU qdkAsm,f
vD vmyrf;yem
vD eefUtwl aysmufvm;uwf --/

tdk tm&D,efEG,fzGm; &cdkifom;½dkU

eD0ef; - xJu vmuwfawvm;¿
&Dprf; - xJu vmuwfawvm;¿
vDo&rf; - xJu vmuwfawvm;¿
Zmu vmvdkU
Zmudk vm;uwfygzdkUvJ --/

( 91 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(armifBuD;)

[mo
[d - [d - [d -
&ckdifom; - vwf
trsKd;oDv ESpfXmeudk
apmifhxdrf;rItm;
qkwf,kwfvm;au
oGD;aESmcsifvl &,fAsmrem; --/

nDñGwfa&; - vwf
ypuajymAsm,f
oJtdrfavmufawmif
rwnfaqmufEdkif
NzdKcJGcsifol &,fAsmrem; --/

trsKd;om;awmfvSefa&; - vwf
ESpfESpf&mausmf tpudkrd
&efolvnf;aysmuf
vrf;vnf;arSmuf
taumufMuHol &,fAsmrem; --/

vGwfvyfa&; - vwf
wa,muf wayguf
ua&muf uaxmuf
ajAmufaomuf
awmifwa,muf ajrmufwa,muf
uGufusm;rdk;avmuf rxda&muf
atmufcGufzufcGuf &,fAsmrem; --/
([m; - [m; - [m; - [m;)

ykPÖm;uRef; Zl;a0
(07/06/03)

( 92 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

vrif;udk vSrf;qGwfjcif;
tawmifygauvJh
ysHcGifhr&
aumif;cifBuD;u us,fyg,ifh --/

vlwd
vGwfvyfjcif;vufeefU
wdrfyef;wdudk qGwfvdkUyefvdkU --/

0dkif;pufpuf
urÇmNrDrsufESmjyifu
rD;rSdwfrdk;arSmif
a*smifacsweD&mrSm
(ig )
r½kef;om r&GefUom --/

tvQLw&m eufauvJh
twGif;tm;eefU½kef;xGuf
0HvufawmifzHcwfysm,f
ta&mufysHvmvwfar
apmifheD --/

(ykPÖm;uRef; Zl;a0)
(12/09/02)

BuDuJGp&mjrifuGif;rsm;
vrdkufnOfU
&cdkifhawmfvSef&D;Murf;jyifrSm
ajymufusm;wpk
qDr[da& rD;wcGufeefU
tem*gwf tvif;a&mifudk
tzef&nfaomufysm,f
&SmazGapmifhpm;vdkU eDuwfvD,ifh --/

( 93 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

xdkifeDa&Murf;cif;u
wBudBudjrnfyem
qGD;usvdkU xGufvma&
rIdpauhacsudkvnf;
ooJrrJ
oGm;NzJ &efapmif,if;eefUy --/

Murf;cif;eefUrD;Zm
ZmavmufcHzdkUvJ
rpdkif;pm; rqifjcif
topfrysifEdkifuwfau
at awmfvSef&D;
c&D;qHk;vDzdkU r[kwfysm,f --/

(cdkifaemif*sdef)
(30/10/2005)

ajymjycsifa&
wpdauaoQ? ajymcsifa&
rsdK;cspfpdwfwd? rGD;uwfrnf --/

rif;avZmrsdK;? &cdkifrsdK;
rif;avZmoGD;? &cdkifoGD;
trsdK;csif;wl? oGD;csif;vSLzdkU
trSmpum; yg;csifa& --/

a'ydkifr[kwf? cJ0gpkwfydkif
rdk;vif;cgrS? awmr&bJ
&SdudkrMunfh? aemufjyefvSnfhvdkU
vm;&cufrnf ajymcsifa& --/

trsdK;vnf;wl? oGD;vnf;wl
wl&mwlcsif;? raygif;oif;au
rsdK;aysmufvm;zdkU? pdk;&drfa&

( 94 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pnf;½Hk;uwfzdkU ajymcsifa& --/

(av;0wD cdkifeD)
(&cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;pmapmifrS)

wm0ef
trSm;u trSefudk
rk'def;usifhcsdef --/

trJu tjzLudk
ta&mifqdk;csdef --/

i&Ju edAmefudk
pdefac:csdef --/

tarSmifu tvif;udk
w&m;a[mcsdef --/

ynmrJhwd wufeif;vdkU
ynm[dwd 0yfpif;csdef --/

ausmif;wuúodkvf NydKarSmufvdkU
um&mtdkau rdIaygufcsdef --/

t,kwfwrm tkyfpdk;vdkU
zkwfNydwÅm vIyfEdk;csdef --/

ukefpsD;EIef; acgifcdkufvdkU
jynfvHk;uRwf arSmifrdkufcsdef --/

Ak'¨udk atmufcsvdkU
zufcGufudk aMumuf&csdef --/

'gPf&m txpfxpfeefU
oefudkufeDa&

( 95 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vlrr,f wdkif;jynfudk
u,fzdkU

(rdwfaqG)
ajymeDau Muma&
,Sif;ypfvdkufpGm taumif;qHk; --/

ykPÖm;uRef; Zl;a0
(21/02/02)

qkvm'f
uHZmwmwd ajymif;jyefqefcwfvdkU
&if0udk0iftaqmifhrSm
MuufoDoDeDa&vlwd
owdvGwf oGD;ckef&yfwefUeDa&vlwd
NyHK;&TifrsufESmwdeefU
tm½kPfOD;udkrsufESmopfyem
tmumuMu,fudk qGwfcl;zdkU
tm;,leDolwdudkwGd&a& --/

tm½kPfOD;u
jynfoludk
MuufoD;rGD;n§if;xpDa&
awmfvSefpdwfwd rGD;zGm;pDa& --/

rysifrqif
rqifrjcifeefUjzwfoef;vma&
awmfvSefolrsdK;cspf½dkUudk
tHhMorI? atmhtHrI
&owdeefUwwl
vrf;aMumif;rSefudk
ñTefjyyD;eDa& --/

twdwfpGm twdwfrSmusefcauvJh
twdwfujzpf&yf twdwfuvkyf&yfwdu

( 96 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wcsdKUudk uReftjzpf½dkufoGif;vdkufaw/
wcsdKUudk ol&Jaumif;tjzpfajr§mufpm;vdkufaw/
wcsdKUudk opömazmuf rsdK;zsufpm&if;oGif;vdkufaw/
wcsdKUudk awmfvSefolrsdK;cspftjzpf rGD;zGm;vdkufaw/

ypöu©udkt&if;wnf
tem*gwf tz&cdkifjynftwGuf
vGwfvyfjcif;qdka&qkvm'f
r&au iwfrGwfvdkUigoDrnf/
&au taysmfrsuf&nfudkoGef;avmif;vdkU
vlUtcGifhta&;opfyifwdudk &SifoefpDrnf --/

uRefqdka&a0g[m&
ig½dkUwGufrjzpfpD&/
awmfvSefol½dkUudk uRefjyKvdkUr&/
'óepum; jynfol½dkUMum;odpD
uRefb0u vGwfajrmufEdkifuwfpD --/

cdkifrif;ñdk
(Fighter Arakan)
(04/07/2005)

rdk;cg;&Daomufolwa,muf\cg;oufrIoHpOf
,if;ydkifAsm,f--
aumif;cifudk NzdKzsufzdkUysifqifca&
igtacsuyif tdrfrufpGm
yifv,fxuf taiGUysHvm;
wHvQyftyg;rSm tem;uGyfqif
aemufvlwdudkyif vSnfhpm;vdkU
toHrJhrkom;wdudkyif &GD;jcpfvdkU --/

,if;ydkifAsm,f --
trd&ifudkvnf; emusifpDc
cspfoltMuifemrSmvnf; usdefpmoifhc
t&m&m tqifoifhrjzpfwwfaw

( 97 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tvGefw&m tcsdefvifhrS
jzpfoifhpGmudk trSefjcpfwwfawig
ZmvJ rjzpfxGef;pGm
,MwmacsvdkUawmh
r[kwfwefaumif;yg --/

,if;ydkifAsm,f--
em&Dudk ajymif;jyefvSnfh
,HkMunfa&rmefudk yufcHk;xufwif
acwfBuD;udk &ifeefUwm;
rdk;cg;&Dudk oefUpifzdkUtm;xkwf,if;
ikwfwkwfrd ed&ufwdrSm
tcuftcJ rsm;rsm;vmc
toufwdpGm
aiGa&mifqHyifeefU xHk;zGJUvmc --/

a,auvJh
nOfhqdk;wdeefU NrdKUtdkBuD;udk
&ifckefoHtopfwd pD;qif;zdkU
t&m&mudk&if;Asm,f
acwfBuD;eefU pD;csif;xdk;cpGm
ordkif;puf0ef;udk wufvSnfhpGma&
eufzefcgwdudk vSpDcsifvdkU --/

(bapmwif )
&cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;pmapmif

rdpämyl;olrsm;c&D;
igh\tawmif;wqHk;t&monf
aysmufqHk;pm&if;0ifeDAsm,fvm;¿
emusdef;cHjyif; pdk;&drfjcif;rsm;pGmeefU
toHwdwf igatmfvdkufonf --/

rIdif;ysys zdk;acgifawmifrSm yJhwifxyfpD/

NrDoQif&DoQifjzpfvQuf rqdkifoludk

( 98 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rusm;wuf (jzwfjzwfvl;) eD&olwdMum;pD/
EGDOD;rSm oGD;opfavmif;yg/
rdk;OD;rSm 0rf;pmjznfhyg/
aqmif;0ifau ta[mif;twdwf
vGrf;twdwfudk jyefqufrnf/

,if;cg
*EÅ0ifeefU yHkjyifudk jcm;odpD/
orkdif;eefU 0w¦Kudk jcm;odpD/
&efoleefU tqGDudk jcm;odpD/

&orJh uAsmzufeefU
rkefUzufxkyf vkyfcsifoludkrvdk
okwrJh uavmifwacsmif;eefU
Oya' &GD;csifoludkrvdk --
uef&Dudk aomufoHk;NyD;
qDrD;cGufatmuf xrif;pm;csifoludkrvdk
ta[m'gpepf usqHk;vdkU
oifhudk &GD;cs,fyg --/

a,cg - igonfvnf;
aysmufqHk;pm&if;0ifeDAsm,fvm;rod --/

(ykPÖm;uRef;Zl;a0)
(22/01/2005)
(&cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;pmapmif)

udk,fvloDoifha&
ouú&mZfwdudkrGm;rsdK
odu©mwdudka&mif;pm;
tESpfrJhpum;wdeefUwnfaqmuf
udk,fh&dyfudkawmif aMumufeDa&udk,fhvl
tjcm;vlwdudk'l;axmufatmif
pGrf;aqmifEdkifpGmutqef;vm; --/

( 99 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tvkyfrvkyfbJeefU
t,Iyfudka'gcg
,Iyfoxuf,IyfatmifvkyfNyD;
r[kwfpGmwdeefUaESmifzGJU
uJh&JUrIwdeefUcif;usif;
trkef;jywif;0rSm
&efrlzdkU&macsmif;ajrmif;eD --/

udk,fhvl\ raocsmrIu
wyg;olwdudka00g;pDa&
wjcm;vlwdudk ra&r&mjzpfpDa&
t*ifhqef;ppfMunfhau
trSefAsm,f--udk,fvloDoifha& --/

bapmwif
(&cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;pmapmif)

awmfvSefa&;xJrSm
awmfvSefa&;xJrSm--
tcuftcJ 'gPf&m'gPfcsufwdu
ighESvHk;om;udk oHuGyfvdkU
ZGJrmefravQmhzdkU
tm;qD;wd wdkufauR;eDa& --/

awmfvSefa&;xJrSm--
azmufjyefol½dkUu
axmufcHolr[d ,dkifvJAsm,f
r[kwfrcHol½dkUudk
ol&Jaumif;jzpfatmif
pGrf;aqmifyD;eDa& --/

awmfvSefa&;xJrSm--
rorma&ol½dkUu
csdKoma&pum;wdeefU
tBudrfBudrf vSnfhpm;eDauvJh

( 100 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rwnfNidrfa& olUpdwftoGifpGm
jynfolUtjrifrSm
[mojzpfvm;ca& --/

awmfvSefa&;xJrSm--
bezl; odkufwl;eDa&vlwd
eD&m½l; pnf;pdrf,pfrl;eDolwdu
awmfvSefa&; t"GefU&SnfygpDvdkU
ewfqdk;wdudk ,pfylaZmfeDauvJh
trSefw&m;atmufrSm
jym;jym;arSmufysm,f
aMumufyga&vdkU
a[m&udef;qdkufvdr®nf --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)
(&cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;pmapmif)

awmra&mufajymufusm;
oGD;cJatmifcsrf;a&nnfhrSm
tif;usDyyg;acseefU
ykqdk;rJhighudk
aqmif;vDu
ESif;ur®vmrSmodyfvdkufaw --/

rdwf*dkuf*dkufwkefvdkU
aqmif;nnfhudkppfqif
tylpGrf;tif&atmif
&Jabmfa0xGef;
aemufukef;csif;uwfxm;uwfrnf --/

nnfhtarSmifudkausmfjzwf
rdk;vif;vwfau
vufxdyfcyfvdkU
awmarmif;,kef;ukdydkUvdkufaw --/

( 101 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(31) 'DZifbm
tcsKyftcsmusqHk;edrSm
befaumufudk tcef;tem;wufzdkUtvm
bmh (pf) um;xufudkwufvma&
oewfwum;um;eefU&Jwdu
rSwfyHkwifxkwfuwfvwf --/

rSwfyHkwifryg
Avmtaxmuftxm;eefU
awmra&mufajymufusm;ESpfa,mufudk
xdkif;&Ju
tcsKyfeefUrdwfqufyD;vdkufaw --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)
(&cdkifhvGwfvyfa&;pmapmif)

Vif;wtu
a'gif;tppfu
a'gif;ydkifa,Smifu
vSy --/

Vif;wu
a'gif;a,mifaqmifyem
Vif;wydkifa,Smifru
a'gif;ydkifa,Smifu
MunfhvdkUrvS --/

0Hvufu
a'gif;ydkifa,SmifueDa& Vif;wudk
NcDeefUukyf
tawmifeefUowf
eoGD;eefUxdk;au
Vif;wqdkpGm
a'gif;ydkifa,SmifavhruEdkif
Vif;wydkifa,Smifavh ruEdkif

( 102 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
Vif;wrIdif rIdifzdkUusa& --/

(ay:xGef;vl)

edrdwf
ESpfaygif;ESpf&mausmf
tqdyfoifheDa& vlxkBuD;u
ajzqD;wcGufudk arQmf,if;anmif;
awmudktm;udk; NrdKUudktm;udk;
udk,fhzufudk,ufaw vdyfNcDoJMum;rSm
tiwfiwftrGwfrGwf emusdef;cHjyif;
a'goxGufeDa& vltkyfBuD;u
jAKef;ueef;qdk
A[dkpnfudkwD;yvdkufaw --/

a,cg - awmuvlwda&mufvm
NrdKUuvlwd a&mufvm
t0D;a&mufvlw da&mufvm
w'dkifu Ak'¨ykaZed,stu
w'dkifu tNidrfhtu
w'dkifu taemufwdkif;tu
wa,mufwayguf aw;ojcif;wdqdkvdkU
wuRwfuRwf qleDwkef;
jAKef;qdk A[dkpnfBuD;aygufvm;ca& --/

vlxkBuD;avh vufyef;us
awmvl NrdKUvl t0D;vlwdavh
AHkr& ESJr&
aumufuspfaw vdyfwusdKifu
atmifEdkifjyHK;wdjyHK;vdkU
a,0ga,
a'wBudrf
vlrsdK;aysmufzdkU - udef; - /

(ykPÖm;uRef; Zl;a0)

( 103 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

awmfvSefa&;oefU,Sif;a&;
twÅudkzufwG,f
tjrifcsif;zvS,fvdkUr&
igh0g'orm;wd --/

tod[dauvJh
,kwfuef;rIwd aZmufeuf
azmufjyefrIwdu teEÅ
ysifvdkUvnf;r& --/

wynfhrGD;tm;wnf
awmfvSefa&;vrf;u oG,fzD
yifhoul&orQ tacsmifESuf
t&Sufr[da& rsufESmeefU
Muufuef;qeftdk;wdk;zdkU
apmifheDodrfha& --/

ajympGmpum;u
rdk;vm;uJvm;
em;axmifvdkufau
trSefw&m;vdkUatmufrd&
&SdaemufrnD
awmfvSefa&;vrf;uvnf; oG,fzD
apmifhMunfheDau jynfysufzdkU
eDjcnfrwdwfcif
pD&ifcsufcsrSwfvdkU
awmfvSefa&;oefU,Sif;a&; vkyf&zdkU --/

(cdkifrif;ñdk)

jcaoFhtmacgifwGif;xJu nrsm;

( 104 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aumif;cifwck\rsufESmpmrSm
'Pf&m'PfcsufwdeefU
wdrfpdkifrsm;pGm c&D;quf
avmu"H\n§dKUpm;rIatmuf
Mur®miifeDc&Asm,f --/

ZmrSmvJ - - ZmrSmvJ
t[m&jywfeDa& rsufvHk;eefU
aumif;cifudk armfMunfh
igh oufjyif;wcsKdUpGm
[if;vif;jyifxJ wdk;xGufzdkU
vGwfvyfpGmNyD;vm;EdkifcGifhawmif
r[dvdkufysm,f --/

igh 0dnmOfonf
rdpämwaumif\pl;pl;&J&J tMunfhrsm;eefU
rsufawmifzsm;wdatmuf
tdrfrufwdvnf; okóefwpjyifydkif
ig vGrf;emus cHpm;eD&Asm,f --/

(&JyefZif;)
(1988) ckESpf/ Edk0ifbmv (9) &uf (ppfawG)

urÇmrBuDorQ Edk;Mum;wkefcdkufqJ
ig½dkUa&vlyg
vlqdkpGm tifqufydk;obm0eefU
ADZrsdK;½dk;udku rwl
vlonfvlyifjzpfvdkU
ig½dkUudk vltjzpfqufqHyg --/

t*k wGd-xd-od jrifuwf&

ig½dkUtjzpfwdu
b0r[kwf Zmr[kwfaw
ydk;[yfpkwfwrQ
vHk;0eD;yg; wefzdk;xm;rcH&

( 105 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jzpforQtaMumif;
tqdk;aygif;udk
taumif;jrif&rnf
rxifeD& --/

zufcGufvSHpGyfu
wcsufvTwf trdefU
oGD;r[datmif aMumuf&
urÇmrBuDorQ
&cdkifjynfu
jrefrmjynfrjzpfatmif
tmacgifudk
jcpfzspfn§pfatmf& --/

yxp? wpn? tctceefU

uRef0g'rdIif; t½dkif;opöm
a'urÇmrSm r[mvdrfvnfrI
pHjyKavmufaw rsufvSnfh
rMunfhcsiftqHk;
rMum;csifnmvHk;
attrkef;udk
rsdK;rjyKef;odrfhorQ
umv,EÅ&m; armif;ESiftm;eefU
Edk;Mum;wkefcdkuf rsdK;qufopfwd&ifxJ
pJGjrJwnfxGef;
vGwfajrmufvrf;udk ñTef;pD
b0yef;wd
vef;qef;0DtHhownf; --/

&efrD;yGifh
(vjcrf;NrDrSvdIif;cwfoH)
(15/10/97)

ig½dk h\awmfvSefa&;ESifh tdkAk'¨

ig½dk hu "r®udk½dkao

( 106 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vGwfvyfrIudk &SmazGMuolrsm; --/

ol½dk hu t"r®udkyefqif
csKyfcs,frIudk zef;qif;Muolrsm; --/

ig½dk h\vufudkifxm;rIum;
rdwÅmESifh qifjcifwHkw&m;rsm; --/

ol½dk h\usifhoHk;rIum;
&efvdkrkef;wD;rIESifh twÅtpG,frsm; --/

ig½dkU\rZÑdra'o
rdpämrsm;wdkufcdkufMu
0dkif;zJhpm;aomufMuvdk h
urÇmzsufrdk; tmumrSmBudK;ESifhvdkU
&cdkifh&ifjyif rD;[kef;[kef;awmufavmif&
b*Fvm;a& oGD;eDxyfESifh
½dk;rawmifrSm t½dk;okef;c& --/

omoemudk zsm;a,mif;
Ak'¨udk rkom;ajym
*E¨0ifudkrD;vQdK h
rsdK;EG,fudkoif;oyfvdk h
&maxmifcsDausmif;taqmifwdeef h
aMomf *E¨0ifrSD
rsdK;EG,fquf½dk hrSm
jymyHkeef hrD;oGD; jzpfc& --/

ig½dk heef hxyfwlpGyfpJG

twif;qJGvdk h
udk,fawmf rkedr[m
rEÅvmrSm
tESpf - 200 –
tusOf;pHeD&ygAsm,fum; --/

udk,fawmfjyHK;au
odyg,ifhvm; --/

( 107 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

awmfvSefa&;oH
[def;[def;nHvdk U
ig½dkUtqufquf
qefUusifcuwf
toufeefUqufvdkU
oHo&m qyfcuwf
vufcsif;qufvdkU
atmufrdowd&uwf --/

vGwfvyfrIrSm
opömwnf\
udk,fawmfa[mMum;
"r®pum;rsm;
ig½dk hrdrvm;yg --/

wm0efrusD
ig½dkUNrDu
udk,fawmfcGifhvTwftjyHK;
*½kPmrsufvHk;udk
ig½dkUatmufrdowd&vQufyg --/

(u&Z)
(&cdkif0yfqdkufrS)

udk&TDbef;odkUtvGrf;zJGUuAsm
cspfZeD;eefU
orD;av;a,muf? &G,fra&mufcif
axmufulzG,f&m? or®mtmZD0
pmoifjy,if;? yifyef;jcif;udk
&Jwif;rmef0if? rNidKjiifbJ
&ifqdkifcaom ighrdwfaqG/

yumoe? jyifyrl[ef
ol[efr[kwf? ½dk;ukwfpum;

( 108 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
½dk;½dk;vm;vm? cifp&mav
igcspfcaom ½dk;½dk;vl --/

olUtaMumif;udk
aumif;aumif;igod? igrSwfrda&
OD;OwÅred? edoljrwfrSm
vIyfvQm;pGmav
tdrfrSmwcsuf? tem;r[d
bk&m;BuD;at;apwD? oefU,Sif;pDa&;
bmoma&;toif;? twGif;a&;rI;
q&mq&mr? or*¾rSm
wuf<uaqmif&Guf? wzufwvrf;
0ifa&mufxrf;ydk;? aumif;usdK;w&m;
vlom;yDo? 0ifqefUcol --/

ighrdwfaqGum;? tiftm;roHk;
ESvHk;orm;? pmorm;av
pum;rMurf;? ro&rf;yg
tMurf;rzuf? w&m;zuf&m
ouf0ifbmoma&;? vlrIa&;eefU
&yfa&;&Gma&;? ukodkvfa&;udk
awG;awmMuHq? vlyDool --/

pufwifbmv? (18) &ufuscg

&Gmuuif;rSm? uif;apmifhyg,if;
em;rSmMum;&? NrdKUvrf;r0,f
rdk;0qlnH? aoeyfoHwnfh
Nidrf;&efpum;? olajymMum;zdkU
vrf;em;udkvm? xdktcgü
&ifrSmusnfpl;? oGD;eefUvl;vdkU
rl;rdkufxdk;vJ? vrf;rxJrSm
oDyJG0ifc&vDa& --/

atmf - rdwaf qGoDvdkU

&DNrDtm;vHk;? ,lusHK;r&
0rf;enf;&\/
avmuaumif;pD? vlom;yDol

( 109 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oDqHk;vDc? ESajrm&\
olutouf (34) --/

ZmbJjzpfjzpf
vlcspfewfcif? rdwfaqGvQifu
oDyifoDjim;? aumif;&mvm;zdkU
igum;ridkcvDAsm,f --/

(19/08/88) ed psmyewGif jzefU0DcaomuAsm/

q&mBuD; OD;omxGef;odkU *kPfjyKuAsm

&cdkifvlrsKd;? wdk;wufcaMumif;
rD;armif;xdk;jy? a[majymca&
tm*ordkif;q&mBuD; --/

&cdkifvlrsKd;? wdk;wufpDaMumif;
rD;armif;xdk;jy? vrf;ñTefca&
tm*ordkif;q&mBuD; --/

q&mBuD;a&
'Drdkua&pD? wef;wlnDa&;
ta&;awmfwGuf? &Sduwufí
aqmif&GufBudK;yrf;vDca& --/

aqmif&GufvD,if;? BudK;yrf;,if;yif
axmifwGif;pH&? uG,fvGefcAsm,f
pD;usrsuf&nf? ajzrqnfEdkif
&cdkifom;½dkUtm;vHk;wnf; --/

q&mBuD;tm;
NcDzsm;OD;wdkuf? &Sdcdk;vdkuf\
jzpf&mb0? b0qufquf
trsKd;wGufudk? aqmif&GufOD;aqmif
atmifjrifygpD? om*DrsKd;aumif;
olawmfaumif;BuD; q&mBuD;a&

( 110 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
r0D;edAÁmef? pH0ifEdkifpD
qkyef>cD,ifh? ZDwif,ifh --/

(q&mBuD;\tokbwGif jzefU0DcGifhr&caom uAsm)

ol&Jaumif;½dkU\0dnmOf
awmifudkNzdKa&qdkrS
aqmufeefUxGif;vdkU
ZmjzpfzdkUvJ --/

bl'dkZmeefUwdkuf
'dkif;erdkif;eefU
azmufcJGyvdkuf&zdkU --/

&efoludk txifBuD;eDau
Zmydkifvkyf
(&ef - ig ) 'g;udk
jcm;EdkifcefUodrfhvJ --/

&efoludk csDusL;eDau
Zmydkifvkyf olUudk
rdwfaqGvdkUowfrSwf
ydkif;jzwfEdkifzdkUvJ --/

&efolpGm
ig½dkUausmif;om;wd\
oGD;eefUcs,frIef;
oDukH;yef;udk
bk&m;wif ylaZmfeDvD,ifh --/

&efolpGm
jynfol½dkU\rsuf&nfpudk
roxm&nfpm aomufoHk;
&TifjyHK;eDvD,ifh --/

( 111 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&efolpGm
q,fESpfBudK;ydkif
*a0pkef;rwaumifydkif
ig½dkU\0dnmOfwdudk ,lEIwfvdkU
wjzKwfjzKwf usqHk;vm;c&a&
ol&Jaumif;wd
r&GDwGufEdkifAsm,fav --/

(armifrSef)

b0'óe
Nidrf;csrf;a&
&Gmacsw&GmMum;
pD;qif;vm;a&
acsmif;urf;axmifhrSm
ig;rQm;eDa& ukvacswa,muf\
udkif;wHydkif
uRefawmfa&
aumufvnf;aumuf
ajzmifhvnf;ajzmifha& vlwa,mufyg --/

0rf;a&;twGuf
weyfxrif;udk
&SmMuHpm;aomuf,if;
b0y,dkifhudk ZvG,fodkif;vdkU
t½dkif;awmeufrSm
usufpm;ca& vlwa,mufyg --/

Ak'¨bmomqdkauvJh
olwyg;toufudkowfvdkU
ygPmwdygPm uHudkvnf;
usL;vGefzl;yga& --/

rkom0g'gudk
t"dyÜg,f rzGifhwwfauvJh

( 112 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vdrf0ga&qdkpGm
uRefawmfodyga& --/

tcspfrSm NcDuRHvdkU
tjypfwcg;ydkufeefU
"r®opfusrf;udkvnf;
zwfzl;yga& --/

em;vnf\
em;rvnf\
uRefawmfrodyg --/

0dyóem ½Ipm;pGmr[kwfauvJh
Oayu©myGm;rsm;vdkU
uRefawmftdrfu
xGufcGmvm;olyg --/

eDraumif;vdkU
pGyfjyKwf&nfylyl wcGufaomufcsifrS
tdrfu trdudk
owd&a& --/

awmfvSefa&;qdka&
tauGUtaumufrsm;a&
ru©&me,fNrDxJodkU0ifa&muf
vrf;pvnf; aysmufzl;yga& --/

trSefw&m;twGuf wdkufyJG0if,if;
w&m;trSefudk usaemfrodcyg --/

aysmuf,if;&Sm
&Sm,if;aysmuf
tarSmufarSmuf trSm;rSm;
ajymufusm;wa,mufvnf;jzpfzl;yga& --/

(Non-Violence) udk
usifhoHk;a&qdkcgrS

( 113 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aygufcgeD;
rD;awmif (Volcano) wckydkif
uRefawmfh&ifxJ
a'goydkrsm;vma& --/

wdkuf&zdkU&efolpGm
tiftm;aumif;vdkU
uRefawmfhrSm
tyfwacsmif;awmifr[dyg --/

EdkifiHa&;ykpämudk
tajz&SmzdkUBudK;pm;,if;
0rf;a&;jyóemudk
r,Sif;Edkifol wa,mufyg --/

y#dyu©eefU 0da&m"d
t*kxufxd ruJG
bJGUvnf;&zl;yga& --/

olrsm;udktjcif;ajym
tcsif;csif; pum;rsm;olyg --/

olrsm;udk a0zefvdkU
udk,fhusrcH
wefjyef vQmvSHeefUxdk;olyg --/

owÅ0g½dkUonf
olwyg;\ - ESrf;pdavmuf - tjypfudk
jrifvG,f\ --/
rdrd\ - xef;oD;avmuf- tjypfudk
jrifcJ\ - qdka&
"r®y' *gxmudk
tzefw&m &GwfauvJh
t*kxufxd EIwfusuf
r&odrfha&vlyg --/

,auvJh usaemf

( 114 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ZJGravsmhygodrfh
qufwdkuf&zdkUwdkufyJGtwGuf
tm;opfwzef jyefrGD;
"g;oGD;vQufyg --/

(armifrSef )
(23/02/99)

Zmwfvrf;udktqHk;owfcef;
ormywdrsm;<uvmau
&yfapmuf&yf tav;jyK&
uRefawmhfrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

oufwef;ukef 0efBuD;wdeefUwGdwdkif;
cg;udkif;OD;ñGwf t½dktaoyD;&
uRefawmfhrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

jyu©'defrSm qD;rSifteDuGufusm;
&ufwdursm;vSygoy
ndwdkif;ndwdkif; qE´jy&zdkUtwdkif;
tcef;tem;wduvnf;rsm;
uRefawmhfrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

tpnf;ta0;wufwdkif;
aiGa&aMu;a&;eefUywfoufNyD; pum;rsm;&
uRefawmfhrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

usdKif;ajrmif;a& trsdK;om;a&;0g'udk
aZmif;yD;&GD;om; aqmif;yg;rsm;udk
a*gif;nD;atmifzwf&
uRefawmfhrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf

( 115 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

tcsdefwefau tcsdefrSefxkwfjyefa&
vHMuKwfowif;wdudk
a&'D,dkzGifhwdkif;Mum;em&
uRefawmfhrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

rjrifcsif rMunfhcsiftqHk;
rsufESmwdudk
jrif&jyHKUjy& b0'ku©rsm;pGmeefU
uRefawmhfrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

apwemrrSefa& vlwdu
jynfaxmifpkedyJG xxdefUBudK;usifhy
uRefawmfhrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

&efoludk awmfvSefzdkUtcsdefr&
a&Tv'rsm;udkusnf; wdkufcdkufeD&
uRefawmfhrSm awmfvSefa&;twGuf
yifyef;vSygAsm,f --/

(iayguf )
(27/06/2000)

rdk;arQmfwrf;vGrf;jcif;
(1)
wufoD;wcsuf
jyif;jyif;acgufvdkufrdonf/

&ifxJrSm rauseyfcsufwd rGef;usyf

toufvQLr0/

( 116 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vufoD;udk eaemif;qkyf
(taMumif;rJh) Murf;jyifudk xkvdkufrda&/

yg;pdudk wif;wif;udkufxm;
rdwf½dk;rsm; um;xGufvm\/

a*gif;xJrSm xdktawG; a'tawG;

tawG;aygif;rsm;pGm a,muf,ufcwf
csKyfxGD;vQuf[da&/

rsufpdudk ppdrSdwf
xGufoufudk eacgif;xJu
rIwfxkwfypfvdkufaw/

a'gotaiGUaMumifh
xGufvD\tyl&o
aMumif;vdkU cHpm;vdkuf&a&/

em;*sDESpfzufu
prkwfaMumrsm; axmifwufwif;rm
oHacsmif;rsm;yrm/

ukwfxm;onfh rsufrIef
½IefUwufvma& wGefUaMumif;
taygif;rsm;pGm/

cHpm;csufrsm; jyif;xef
atmifhtnf;onf;rcHEdkifa&tqHk;
rcsdjyHKU jyHKUvdkufrda&/

(2)
eD&mwum rormrIwdu BuD;pdk;
uaumif; t½kyfqdk;\/

'ku©udk j*ifhcg;oD;ydkif
csdKNrdefpGm pJGvrf;
wrf;wrf;ww avmb&ruf

( 117 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oufjyif;cs& tcgcg/

raumif;rIudk csdKNrdefpGm aomufoHk;

,pfrl;eDuwfolrsm;
0ifh<um;rif;rl
atmifvHxlvQuf/

tqdk;tn§uf trIdufo½dkufwdudk
wdkufpm;ypfzdkU
awmfvSefa&;jrpf&Dcrf;ajcmuf
rsufwGif;a[mufyuf vlrrm/

em&Dpuf0ef;\ rdepfpuúefU½dkUonf
tcdkuftwefUvdkufukefqHk;
eDvHk;ñdkñdk n&dyfcdk/

twåtwå
twåtarSmifxk wGif;eufatmuf
wa,mufNyD;wa,muf
'dk;,dkayguf awmufavQmufBuD;qif;
cGmoHjyif;jyif;/

(3)
aemufusdusd tarSmiftwdNyD;aom
i&JtdkifBuD;xJu
vGwfvrf;rJh ig;acswdydkif
usKyfykyf&nf npfnrf;onf&m
touf&Sif&mvm; vGwfajrmuf&mvm;/

ta&mifESrf;ESrf; rJGajcmufajcmuf
vdkifwHwdk AsdKif;tdkwcsdKUuvnf;
yGufonfhig;udk tvdkufacsmif;
taMumif;tm;avQmfpGm/

bk&m;ocif zefwD;xm;onfh
þurÇmajrBuD;onfum;
'ku©twdrTef; qdk;oGef;vSygwum;/

( 118 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ylavmifxefjyif; qif;&JvSygwum;/

tylrD;rsm;csKyfNidrf;
tD;csrf;aom tem*gwf rdk;xufaumif;cif
pMum0VmwcGifvHk;
vSyom,m MunfvifvmzdkU
&wemrdk; aygu©&0órdk;
xdefUBudK;&GmoGef; avmif;jzef;yD;ygzdavmh/

cdkifausmfausmf
(29/05/2000)

vGwfvyfa&;ed
&au& r&auwdkuf
wdkuf,if;eefUoD
tmZmeD --/

atwcg
aemufqHk;wdkufyJG
&J0efUpGefUpm;
ydkif;jcm;pD&if
ig½dkUonfbk&if --/

oGD;yGufyGufql
eDyl&J&J
acR;wjypfjypf
vGwfvyfa&; aw;jcif;opfudk
oHNydKif[pfoDqdk
atmifvHudkxrf;
wvSrf;csif;csDwuf --/

rdpämzGwfajymuf
avmif;arSmufwdudk
wa,mufrvGwf
oHNcDcsif;cwf

( 119 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
yl;>ywfcsdKifaESmif --/

bk&m;&Sd 'kef;aygufaqmuf
aMumufaumif;xref;
*a,mif*,ef;
ykwD;pdwf
yk&dwf&Gwfvufrsm;
wZwfZwf
wjzwfjzwf wkef,if
toifvlom;
b0aemufqHk;
ed*Hk;r[kwf
vGefusL;tjypf
OD;cdkufuefawmh
cGifhvTwfyg,ifh --/

vlwdkif;udk,fpD
BudK;wyifpD,lc
ol½dkUtwGuf
aemufqHk;vufaqmif
ydkUaqmifEIwfquf
<ujref;&mvrf; --/

ig½dkUtwGuf
aemufqHk;wdkufyJG
vGwfvyfa&;vrf;
avQmufvSrf;c&D;
r0D;a&mufysm,f
a*gif;0ifh0gvdkuf
usifuGif;uvdkuf --/

tm½kPfrdk;xuf
aumif;&ufr*Fvm
csrf;tD;ompG --/

eDjcnftvif;wef;
vef;qef;0Dqm

( 120 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vSyyg,ifh --/

cdkifausmfausmf
(02/01/2000)

EdkifiHa&;BudK;0dkif;
(1)
ArmudkvdkeD acwf,kwfrSm
&cdkifjynfu xGufukefqdkvdkU
ysufrwdeefU
zm;wydkif;ig;wydkif;
oGD;a&mcHvdkuf&a&
'kAvurf;wif
uysuf uavuacswd&mjzpfaw/

r,HkEdkifp&m
yHkjyif0w¬Kacswyk'fydkif
&cdkifjynfolwda&
ppfawGyifv,fqdyfurf;0u
w&Gd&GdeefU qifaygifBuD;wdydkif
xGufcGmvm;cuwfaw
EdkifiHjcm;qefwifoabFmwdudk ai;,if;
xrif;iwfeDuwfvD,ifh/

,if;csifhtwGufeefU
tusdK;qufjyóem
Mo*kwf (13) ta&;tcif;rSm
&cdkifjynfolwd
twkH;t½kef; usqHk;cuwfaw/

at&mZ0if
urÇmwnfo&d
aysmufysufrvm;atmif
&cdkifjynfol½dkU
ESvHk;om;rSm

( 121 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ausmufxuftu©&mwifNyD;
om;pdkifNrD;quf
vufqifhurf; aqmif,lvm;uwf/

urÇmtqufquf
Generation tqufqufwdkifatmiff
qufvuf o,faqmifvm;uwf/

(2)
pdkif;wif&Dtm;
tm;aumif;armif;oef
pD;qif;eDcsdef
&cdkifjynfu
npfEGrf;EGrf; ausmif;pdrf;jzLacs½dkU
qDrD;cGuf rvif;wvif;eefU
tarSmifcef;xJ
idkufrJeDuwfvD,ifh/

ausmufMurf;vrf;xufrSm
wGm;vm;eDa&
vlc½kwaumifpGm
ayw&mvrf;rxufrSm
'kef;pdkif;eDa&
rm½l;wD;jrif;udk
Zmydkifvkyf
tNyD;NydKifEdkifzdkUvJ/

&cdkifvli,facswd
xdkif;0vufrSm
ulvDvkyfeDuwf&a&b0
ausmif;q&mracswa,muf
wv0ifaiG
xydefwxnf0,fzdkU ravmufawb0
,if;csifhtwGufeefU
Self-determination qdka& a0g[m&
ay:aygufvm&a&/

( 122 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(3)
tjcm;wzufrSm
rkwfqdwfzGm;zGm;eefU
½dk[if*sm rdpämukvm;wduvnf;
&cdkifjynfudk toQifcH
wefjyefvufr axmifeDuwfaw/

vlUtcGifhta&;qdkpGm ZmvJ
aysmhpdpdeefU
aygifrkefUwkef;BuD;vm;/

udk,fhEdkifiHrSm
udk,fuRefjzpf&zdkUb0
awG;Munfhwdkif;
&ifemp&maumif;a&/

]]rD;rsm;rD;Edkif
&Drsm;&DEdkif}} qdka&pum;
ESpfq,f&mpk
vlU,dkifaus;rIordkif;\
rSwfwdkifwdvm;/

t&SdwDarmydkif
ig½dkUEdkifiH
tjzpfrcHEdkif/

cspfMunfa&;udk
vlwdkif;vdkcsifyga&
a,Zl;eefU
wdkUwm0efta&;oHk;yg;
wcsufab;csdwfxm;
owåd[dau
,Sif;uwfrnf/

(0&if;wkwf)
(01/02/99)

( 123 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

vlysufrif;om;
rsufvSnfhq&m\vdrfuGufudk
olrsm;odvm;Asm,fqdkau
rsufvSnfhq&ma&
[mojzpfvm;yga& --/

rsufvSnfhq&mpGm
wcgwvDrSm
arsmufudkvnf; ucdkif;yga& --/

wcgwvDrSm
bJ½kyfu
MuufO Ocdkif;yga& --/

zJudk oHk;acgufcsdK;Asm,f
ukvm;zefxdk;vdkufwdkif;
tm;vHk; ukvm;½kyfwdxGufvma& --/

wcgwvDrSm
olpGm
ykvDudkrIwf
*gxmwdvnf; ref;rIwfyga& --/

t&m0w¬Kwckudk
vufudkifyk0gcsKyfysm,f
jyef½kwfvdkufau
iSuf½kyfacs jzpfvm;yga& --/

yk0gudk jyeftkyfNyD;au
jyef½kwfvdkufcg
iSuf½kyfacs aysmufvm;yga& --/

wzef yk0gudk
jyefcsKyf jyef½kwfvdkufcg
vdyf½kyfacs xGufvmyga& --/

( 124 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

a,cg yk&dówfu
wtHhwMo oazmusAsm,f
vufckyfwD;
qkcsuwfyga& --/

(,auvJh)
rsufvSnfhq&m\vdrfuGufudk
olrsm;odvm;Asm,fqdkau
rsufvSnfhq&ma&
[mojzpfvm;yga& --/

yk&dówfu ausmufcJypfvdkU
xef;acgufzmudk
tomydkufysm,f
aemufaz;aygufu
xGufNyD;&vDyga& --/

omvSOD;
(11/01/99)

apmifharQmfjcif;
vlUOD;aESmufudk
&Da&mcHvdkuf&a&tcg
oMum;ryga&
vzuf&nfwcGufydkif
t&omayghysufvm;a& --/

tom;useDa&
yef;azmf'a,mwxnfpGm
psD;BuD;BuD;yD;0,f&a&
ydk;om;xnf topfwpHkxuf
ydkaumif;a& --/

t0D;u ½IarQmfcif;udk

( 125 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aysmMunfhvdkufawtcg
olUwJtdk
,Gif;,dkvm;a& --/

oGm;r[da&
cg;ukef;ukef;rdcif\rsufESmu
a,mh&d&d
tjyHK;vSvSwyGifhpGm
olUb0udk
rtD;jrEdkifAsm,f --/

ig;r[dbJ
i½kyfoD; iydaxmif;pGmvnf;
olUtmoDo t[m&udk
rjznfhpGufEdkifAsm,f --/

olUtdrfrufwdpGm
<uDvGifheDa&
EGD&Guf0gacsw&Gufydkif
wGm;vm;eDa&
>rDwaumifydkif
wjzwfjzwf wqwfqwf
uGefUjrL;vdkU
wGefUvl;eDvD,ifh --/

olzwfeDus
"r®opfusrf; - vnf;
EGrf;,dBuDrG
pkwfjywfvm;Asm,f --/

aemufqHk;rSm olpGm
rdciftdkudk aemufcdkif;
EIwfrqufbJ ½kwfw&uf
xGufvm;ca& --/

atedxufxd rdciftdk
oljyefvrf;udk arQmfrSef;

( 126 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wrf;w vGrf;vQufyg --/

cdkifausmfausmf
(20/05/99)

ridkyguJh
ridkyguJh nDracs
rsuf&nfudk tomokwfvdkufyg --/

trdudkvnf; ol½dkUBudK;wkwf
'kwfeefUvnf; owfodrfha& --/

tzudkvnf; 0&rf;NyD;vwf
ol½dkUpGyfpJGuwfawav --/

&Gmudkvnf; ol½dkUrD;vQdKU
EGm;0ufwdudkvnf; ,l
(ol½dkUa&)
wd&dpämefxuf n§ufawvl --/

&GmuoufBuD;½dkUudkvnf;
tar - tar - vdkU
ol½dkUac:uwfaw --/
NyD;au
(trdypönf;)
ol½dkUcdk;a& --/

r,dkifaus;a&
vl½dkif;wdu
i½dkUwdudk
0efo,fcdkif;uwfaw --/

ol½dkUpGm
tiwfwdkif;jynfu
vmuwfawvl --/

( 127 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

i½dkU,mudk 0ifa&qdkau,ifh
xdkcsifhcl; a'csifhcl;
tom;ig;udkvnf; rjrifzl;
tpm;vnf; MuL;uwfaw --/

i½dkUjynfudk
usL;ausmfvma& vlwdu
i½dkUudk
olykefudk tm;yD;a& - vwf --/

qefjymzdkUqdkNyD; ac:vm;a&
eifholi,fcsif; (-----) vnf;
aemufedrdk;vif;rS
&Gmjyefa&mufaw --/

oufBuD;&GmolBuD;
tzdk;oQifudkvnf;
ol½dkUESdyfpuf
aemufqHk;us
ypfowfvdkufuwfaw --/

cg;ukef;ukef;eefU
tabmifr - a*gufr - udkvnf;
ol½dkUpcef;twGuf
&Dcyfcdkif;
y,dkifhawmif;wd&ufcdkif;
vkyfcsifwdkif;vkyf
trSefol½dkU ,kwfrma& --/

eifhudkvnf;
aemufqHk;rSmawmh
tm;"r® jyKusifhcuwfaw --/

ridkyguJh nDracs
rsuf&nfudk tomokwfvdkufyg --/

( 128 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uvufacsmif; - udk qefwuf
c&D;quf&cefUodrfhav --/

weded wcsdefcsdefus
i½dkUjynf
vGwfajrmufzdkUpGm&m --/

(ckdifausmfausmf)
UNDC Magazine No. (2)

jrefrmr
temjynfykwfwdudk
zkef;tkyfxm;r&
&J&JBuD;cJGxkwf
NrDjrKwfypf&rnf --/

cspfMunfa&;qdka&
rvmO - pum;wdeefU
twGif;jynfem vdIufpm;
w&d&d a0'em
cHeD&pGmu jynfol --/

wedus
atmifhr&vdkU
jynfykwfwd rD;awmifydkifaygufuJG
(8888)
ta&;tcif;jzpfaw --/

t*kvnf;
usefodrfha& tykwfwdudk
EIwfypfzdkU
jynfjrefrmrSm
q&m0efwd vdka& --/

ateD&mrSm

( 129 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(aMumifcsD;) wd ryg --/

jynfaxmifpk - vwf
oumvl;xm;a&
tmvl;*gxmeefUref;rIwf
qDokwfzdkU
BudK;pm;tm;xkwfolrsm;pGm
vufwGdrSm
pdefem;uyfeefUyg;ajymif
ta,mifaqmifwd&mjzpfaw --/
oli,fem ESyfpm;wd&mjzpfaw --/

,if;ydkifeefU
wvifuGm rqr
rdcifjrefrmronf
0rf;wGif;yg
rm'&m - a&m*gudk azsmufr&
tedpöjzifh psmef<u
r&P
b0ajymif;&vDownf; --/

(armifayguf)
(July 23, 2005)
peDed/

0ufxD;
0ufudktpmauR;pGm
cspfvdkUr[kwfyg --/

NcdKifhxJu0ufudk
ykd;ydkifrGD;pyf
edpdkiftpmauR;uwfaw --/

0ufBuD;u
xD;xD;vma& --/

( 130 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&DcsdK;Asm,f
cg;oyfyD;au
(0ufxD;) u
auseyfeDa& --/

oHa0*&p&m
trsm;rMum
(0ufxD;) udk vSHeefUxdk;cg
uRD;vdkufaw 0uf
urÇmysufa,Smif --/

a,NyD;au
toGD;udkxkwf
t&Dudkqkwf
rD;zkwfMuyfwdkuf
(0ufxD;)
rsufjzLqdkuf&ygAsm,f --/

aemufqHk;rSm vlwdu
0ufom;udk csufpm;Asm,f
0ufa*gif;udk
pGyfjyKwfvkyfypfvdkufaw/

0ufxD;b0
ysufpD;&ygAsm,f --/

armifayguf
(17/03/99)

vl
EGm;udk
oem;pGmvnf;vl
pm;pGmvnf;vl --/

vla&

( 131 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aumif;rIudk jyKol
raumif;rIudk usL;vGefol --/

qifNcDqifvufwd yD;Asm,f
trSefudktrSm;
trSm;udk trSef
vkyfMuHol --/

Nidrf;csrf;a&;w&m;udk
a0SgAsm,f
ppfwdkufawvl --/

vla&
tnrn - oabmw&m;udk
vufudkifxm;Asm,f
y#dyu©- eefUrdwfzJGUol --/

vla&
olrsm;udk - w&m;jy - Asm,f
udk,fwdkifus - bk&m;w - ol --/

vla&
&,lydkifqdkifvdkjcif; - udk
cspfjrwfEdk;Asm,f
pGefUvTwftepfemcHjcif; - udk
rkef;wD;ol --/

vla&
w&m;olBuD; - jzpfysm,f
vmbf - pm;ol --/

vla&
i&JeefU - ajcmuf - ysm,f
i&JodkU - a&muf- ol --/

vla&
tPmoQif- jzpfysm,f

( 132 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tmPmoQifudk ykefuefol --/

vla&
t[dwfwd&dpämefr[kwf
uAsmvnf;zJGUpyf
pmvnf;&GD;wwf
jrifhjrwfaomol --/

xdk - vl,dkifaus;wdu
ydk½dkif;NyD;au
vl½dkif;wdu
ydk,dkifaus;a&qdkpGm
ated urÇmBuD;u
vufrcHEdkifodrfhauvJh
eufzefcg
vufcHvmvdrfhrnf --/

trSefrSm vl
olpGm
bmompum;wwfaw
owÅ0gwrsdK;
qdk½dk;pum;[da& --/

(armifayguf)
(31/12/98)

i&Jcef;qkawmif;
atmifhoufoufeefU
cHvdkuf&a& --/

rif;vuf0g;
twGif;tm;eefU
igh&ifudk½dkufcwf
tqdwfaiGUvTwfysm,f
usdefpufwdkUvdkufvdkU

( 133 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tcsKyfuGef,ufxJrSm
zsmvdyfacgif;0if cGD;xufqdk;
&Sdwdk;& aemufqkwf&cuf
½kef;r& &GefUr&
aqmifhajcmifxdkifzdkUusa& --/

ajzqD;yD;yg
igh&ifrSmylavmifvGef;vdkU
&DiwfvGef;vdkUyg --/

tmacgifwdoGdajcmuf
uEÅm&a&muf zGwfajymufwaumifydkif
ighaemufukef;wduvnf; jyma[mufa[muf
ight½dk;t&Dwduvnf; ydefajcmufajcmuf
vdyfausmuf&DxvdkU
oGifausmufcJ vrf;ydkifa,SmifMurf;
qdk;oGrf;vGef;yga& --/

t&DudkcGmeDvSrf;vdkU
tom;udkMuyfwif
tpm;cH&a&b0rSm
t½dk;awmifrusef --/

igh0dnmOfu wqDjzpfvdkU
a&m½l0i&JrSm
rD;Nr§dKufcHeD&yga& --/

uRwf&ufpdvdkU
vGwfzdkU&ufudk&GDwGuf
b0topfwzef
jyefjzpfzdkUpGmapmifharQmf
trQ0DoHudkarQmf
om"kac:oHudk arQmf,if;
ausmif;vSu&if;u zkwfNydwÅm
w&m;bm0em emMum;cGifhrom --/

tdktoQif t,ifu,fyg/

( 134 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
om"koHk;Budrfac:yg/
trQoHk;Budrf0Dyg/
oHpnfoHk;csufwD;yg/

tuREkfyfqkawmif;ygonf
jzpfvD&m&mb0rSm
pdwfcsrf;om&ygvdk\ --/

p~uúm0Vmtjyify
e*g;aiGUwef;xufvrf;avQmufvdkU
vGwfvGyfcGifht&omudk
cHpm;&vdkyg\ --/

yx0Dt0Dpdi&Ju
NydwÅmwaumif
qkawmif;ygonf
aomif;xdkufurÇmvHk;om;
empDMum;pDaom0f --/

(armifayguf)
(July 21, 2005)

arsmufaESmif
arsmufaESmif0ifau
&Gmysufawpum;
rSwfom;Mum;zl;
txl;tqef;r[kwfyg --/

trTD;zGm;zGm;
vufNcDum;um;
awmzGm;arsmuftppf r[kwfyg --/

vljzpfygvQuf
arsmufpdwfcdk0if
xdkolyifvQif

( 135 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vlyifjzpfjim;
awmzGm;arsmuftppf
arsmufaESmifjzpf\ --/

arsmufaESmifa&mufvQif
&GmvHk;tp
aysmufuwf&\ --/

arsmufaESmifajcmufvQif
w&GmvHk;uRwf
aMumufuwf&\ --/

arsmufaESmifoGm;BuJ
rJrJwHk;wHk;
tdk;zif,HI;\ --/

arsmufaESmifpum;
xdkw&m;um;
trsm;aumif;usdK;rjzpfEdkif --/

arsmufaESmif'&Zwf
*gxm&Gwfvnf;
nDñGwfa&;wGufrjzpfEdkif --/

arsmufaESmif0ifpm;
xdkolrsm;udk
0D;pGma,Smif,Sm;uwfukef&m\ --/

arsmufaESmifvmaom
xdkcgrsm;vQif
armif;ESifyg,fxkwfukef&m\ --/

þonfaMumif;vQm;
rSmpum;udk
aemifzGm;aemifvm
rSwfom;&mwGuf
ynm[drsm;? rSmxm;c\ --/

( 136 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&SdvlBuD;rsm;? qdkxm;c\ --/
pOf;pm;qifjcifuwfygvD --/

(0&if;wkwf)
(June 24, 2005)

axmifwnfarmfuGef;ol&J
tzJGUtpnf;wck\e,u
tBuHyD;t&m[dBuD;y
½kwfw& oDqHk;
oQifvltm;vHk;
,lusHK;r&
ESNr§dK;wo
tz&cdkifjynf\
om;aumif;&wemMu,frGef
tcsdefrwefcif
uG,fvGefpGmapm
tuREkfyf½dkUtm;
aMumcdkif;vm;Asm,f
bapmifysifvdkU
&ufpufpGmvJ
ac:auvnf;rxl;
idkauvnf;rMum;
Oyau©w&m;eefU
r&P&xm;pD;vdkU
uRwfvm;cAsm,f --/

tav;jyKuwf
&yfapmuf&yfuwf
a*gif;ñGwf*kPfjyK
(3) rdedavmuf
aumif;&mok*wd vm;pDzdkU --/

q&mBuD;a&
pmorm; yDorm;

( 137 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
bmoma&;orm;
pma[mq&mBuD;
bdaE¨m,rf;uk
pG,fpHk& yg&rDoQif
rsdK;cspfyk*¾dKvf
EdkifiHa&;orm; awmfvSefa&;orm;
vltrsm;u
emruif;yGef;
trGrf;wifac:
a':vmoef; (500)
(Project) q&mBuD; --/

q&mBuD;csefc
a*smifxJu
tnw&
awwÅmwvHk;
ykvJuHk;&wem
tójymodef;oef;
eDjref;aom ywÅjrm; --/

zGifhMunfhaomtcg
EGrf;&dBuDrG
rIdwufvQuf
t0wfpeefUxkwfydk;
ydk;xdk;<uufudkuf
vufESdyfpufrl
aqmif;yg;wyk'f
r*¾Zdef;wtkyfu
aumfyDul;xm;pGm
udk,ifBuD; 0drvAk'¨d
yD;xm;cpGm --/

4if;tjyif
pmvHk;ray:way:
(Type) ½dkufxm;aom
bmomjyef wrl --/

( 138 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
q&mBuD;onf
pmyDudk toufxufjrwfEdk;
wefzdk;xm;\ --/

a*smifxdk;odrf;xm;
<uufudkufpm;\ --/

rnfolrnf0g
tolvmawmif;
ryD; --/

tm*yk*¾dKvf
acolr[kwf
odkUtwGufaMumifh
- tBuHyD;BuD; - e,uBuD; -
aumif;csD;uif;yGef;
trTrf;wifusL;
&GmOD;ewfydkifa,Smif
ylaZmfyo
udk;uG,f&pGm --/

q&mBuD;jrwfEdk;
wefzdk;xm;aom
jynfwefywÅjrm;
- axmifwnfarmfuGef; - udk
q&mBuD;pD;&m
ooF&m &xm;vm;&m
wz0g;ruGm
uyfvQufygzdkU
tavmif;eefUacgif;
usrf;a[mif;armfuGef;
Zwfvrf;oHk;yGifhqdkif --/

aemufednOfh
&ufvnfqGrf;rauR;cif
oufqdkif&m
tzJGUtpnf; (2) ck\,kef;cef;ü

( 139 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
axmifwnfarmfuGef;ol&J
ajcmufonf[l\ --/

(r,Hkau yHkjyifvdkUrSwf)

(0&if;wkwf)

q&modkU
av;pm;yga&q&m
q&mvkyfvmpGm
awmfvSefa&;oufwrf;
tESpf (60) Mumvm;Asm,f/

csif;csif;ajym&au
rkqdwfawmifjzLvm;Asm,f/

a,auvJh aygufoHwcsufrMum;&
q&mhwynfhwdu
&jywf tarSmifcdk
½Iwfqdk 0ifvm;cAsm,f/

q&majymvmau
]aoe*FAsL[m - enf;AsL[m}
]enf;AsL[monf aoe*FAsL[mudk rxdcdkufpD&}
q&m Zmpmtkyfu
EIwfusufusufxm;pGmvJ/

,if;pmtkyfu
[dygodrfhvm;/

&GD;olemrnfum;
ZmygvJ/

q&majyma&
]ynmwwfrSef

( 140 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
azmufjyefa&} vwf/

&cdkifjynfrSm
ZmrQa,mufrsm;
]ynmwwf} [dygvJq&m/

q&mhwynfh
vufeufcs tarSmif0if
armifawmpHjy&Gmu vlwdxJrSm
ynmwwf ZmrQa,muf
ygygvJq&m/

t*ktcg q&mrSm
Z&mxkaxmif;
ausmufuyfvnf;raumif;
ajcmif;wqdk;qdk;
t½dk;wDbD
[deDjyefa&/

awmxJrSmeDcg
r&Tefruef
tzefqDusufusuf
aomufca&
tusdK;qufxifa&/

(Project) wifvdkU usvmaiGvnf;

,kef;cef;zGifhzdkUawmifravmuf
q&mhwynfhwduvnf;
r,m;wJGvJG om;wJGvGJ
ypudkusnf; jzJxm;a&/

q&meDraumif;pGm
wa,mufvJh vmrMunfh
[ufusau
ajzmufceefU a&muf
ezl;armufarmuf

( 141 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
'l;aigufaigufeefU
aygufcsygvwfuwfaw/
azGomawmif;zdkUavmuf&moda&/

[kwfygAsm,fq&m
atydkiftwdkif;qdk
b0N*dKusdK;vdkU
eDrn§dK;cif
t&m tpGmvkyfcefUvJ/

(0&if;wkwf)
(July 6, 2005) Ak'¨L;ed/

wa'ou wMuufwGef
(aw;jcif;)
b*Fvma'hcsf wdk;awmifpcef;rSm
usufpm;vm;aom Adkvfatmifazyg
Armudk wdkvSefcpGm
aoeyfawmifu oHcsD;udwfvm;,m --/

(nDñGwfa&; )2

nDñGwfa&;vdkU a<u;aMumfa&
vkyfvdkufjyefau apmufwvGJBuD; --/

wdkif;jynfOD;pD; wufrudkif
xdrf;odrf;redkif u&m;ig;yg; --/
(xdrf;odrf;rEdkif um;&Dum;&m;)

ygwDtrsm; uJGvdkUNydK
w½kwfrsufESmudk 0ufMunfhr& --/
(wa,mufvkyfpGm wa,mufuzsuf)

wa'ou wMuufwGef
ol½dkUtrSef wuJGwjym; --/

( 142 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

aoeyftrsm; udkifxm;pGm
arsmufvufxJrSm ojym&vdkU --/

rmerdk;odkU aumhvdkUaxmif
wa,mufwaumif wawmifwrif; --/

udk,f½dkUtcsif;csif; owfvdkUyif
tm;vHk;um;pif wifuwf&zdkU --/

armifrif;BuD;½dkU xkwfumjyef
pum;vGef oD'gPftjypf --/

pum;vHk; qdkUredkif
wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif xef;oD;vHk;avmuf --/
(wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif "jyKwfoD;avmuf)

tarSmufarSmuf rSm;NyD;oum
ajyma&tcg ypfom;r[d --/
(vkyfcDau weDowfccsD;)

vGwfvyfa&;odkU c&D;ESif
olUxufig,if vufajr§muf'l;axmuf --/

vlwcsdKU ajymuwfaw
ynmwwfau azmufjyefa&vwf --/
(ynmrwwfau awmfa&vwf)

atmufqDatmufqwf qdkvmol
ynmrwwfpGm *kPfudk,lvdkU --/
(ynmrwwfol tmPm,lvdkU)

A[kokw avhvmyg
rsm;rsm;zwfyg pmtkyftrsm; --/

0g;wkwfudkpm; tjrJeD
tcsdefudkav rjzKef;uwfuJh --/

( 143 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

apwemeefU rSmvdkufaw
rmefyga&qdk vJvdkUoDvdkuf --/

(0&if;wkwf)

rD;cGufvnf;rIwf rdk;vnf;csKyf
ouú&mZfrSm (2000) jyK
pGef;0,fajcmufck arvwGif
a'vDac:wGif NrdKUawmfBuD;rSm
&cdkifxdyfoD; tpnf;ta0;xdkif/

(6) &ufwdkifwdkif MuHESD;aESm

Mobmvufckyf aomif;aomif;nH/

ygwDrusef tukefwuf
pkaygif;&GDwGuf (30) ausmf/

emrnfxGef;ay: owif;qdk;
olcdk;vlrdkuf OD;odef;az/

(DPA) udk wnfaxmifjyK

tpkpk uJGNyD;oum/

t&mwcg nDñGwfa&;
tmacgifjAJeefU a<u;aMumfa&/

odem;rvnf armifvlBuD;rSm
0ufxD;tm;udk; axmufumcH/

aemufxyfrH ausmfumwuf
bkef;BuD;vlxGuf OD;Adkvfatmif/

wpifudkaxmif wrdk;BudK;
(ANC) aumif;usdK; t&om

( 144 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pE´m0&vnf;yg/

wcsdKUuac: vlaZmufxdk;
vif;qJGtrsdK; ajymif;jyefjrif/

edjcif;rSmwGif olutdyf
vlolwdwfrS pm;uGuf&Sm/

tarSmifrSm ysHumvTm;
usm;om;iyg; 0atmifMuH
usD;tmoD;trSef/

awmf½Hkwef½Hk vlrod
x&dyl& &cdkif&Gm/

,if;rSmvm;cg ausmif;awmfaqmuf
'ku©avmif;arSmuf ajym*swfaiG/

a'vDe,fudk aemufcsefxm;
,if;rSmvm;vdkU ausmif;xdkifrnf/

taumufMuHpnf &G,fumpl;
&Sdcdk;OD;cs oaxmfOD;wif
tukefoligjrif/

nDvmcHwGif awmifzHjzefU
wvltñGefU wufjyefvm
(Women Welfare)

zm;udkwkyem ckefumqG
&G&D&G&G vGvDvGvG
yGpDyGpG uGvDuGvG/

vufoJ0SufzJ uuGufrSm
(NUPA) udk csefumxm;
aemufvdkufukvm; pJGcsufwif/

( 145 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wxGmtjrif oDatmifrdkuf
XufuOBuD; rjzpfqdk/

tzJGUudk NzdKumcJG
z&JoD;BuD;jyJ/

&cdkiftrsdK;om; nDñGwfa&;
oHk; (ESifh) av;/

wyfaygif;pkwnfaqmuf
ig; (ESifh) ajcmuf/

vlxkaxmufcH
ausmufvdkUuef/

xyfrHxyfrH awmif;yefuwfvdkU
jyefxyfpDuHk; ajymtHk;rnf/

emrBuD;us,f ppfawG&yfu
qwf½dk;usNrdKU &yfuGufrSm/

tdrfBuD;o[m oHjzLrdk;vdkU
OD;omEdk;BuD; pnf;pdrfcH/

(Election) rSm trwfjzpf

ppftpdk;& vufxufwGif/

t&dyfa,mifyif rjrif&
jynfolUqE´ vTJtmPm/

trwfrsm;pGm axmifudka&muf
'l;axmufvufajr§muf t,IH;rcH/

jynfyEdkifiH xGufysm,fNyD;
a'vDNrdKUBuD; a&mufvdkUvm/

,if;rSmwcg &mxl;wdk;

( 146 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ñGefUaygif;tpdk;& aumif;pm;pOf/

xdkif;EdkifiH vnfumvm;
tvkyform; ta&;t&m/

ynma&;yg olUudktyf
usr®mrcRwf olUwm0ef/

wdkif;EdkifiH tkyfumpdk;
aZmufxdk;omEdk; wGifvdkUvm/

rsm;rMum &mxl;jyKwf
ppkef;jrKwfvdkU ikwfwkwfrdIif/

tazmuftwdkif vGefnDñGwf
usm;uefyD;uwf olrsm;rSm/

ykPÖm;uRef;&Gm XuúO
jynfolvlxk ausmfodef;armif/

BudK;pm;vkyfaqmif nmPfrwdk;
emacgif½dk;BuD;usdK;/

tvGefqdk;0g; Zmwfvrf;rSm
rmu&uf oufcsm/

udkatmif0gESifh cdk;&Gmvdkuf
0efBuD;rsufjzLqdkuf/

wpfESpfoHk;av; pvdkU&GD
wa,mufwa,mufcsif;pD
wck wckcsif;pD
um&HuHk;pD oHusyfxdk;
tm;vHk; bk&m;udk;/

trJ½dk;udk cGufapmif;wif
olUxufigt,if/

( 147 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ol,ifig,if NzdKvk,uf
(DVB) pm;uGuf/

eHeufrdk;xuf wvvFm
(15) rdedMum/

uAsmwyk'f pmwyk'f
rD;cGufvnf;rIwf
rdk;vnf;csKyf/

xkwfazmfxkwfazmf ajymcDrSm;vdkU
tm;vHk;rsufapmif; txdk;cH/

wckrusef rSeforQudk
tuRefzGifhcs jyvdkufaw/

trsm;jynfol oQifvlaygif;rSm
aomif;aomif;omxk ac:uwfvD/

(omxk omxk omxk)

armifb (&cdkifjynf)
(May 8, 2006)

(30) qdkonfrSm pkpkaygif;wufa&mufolOD;a& jzpfygonf/

(vlrsdK;i,f) twÅ0g'Drsm;usqHk;cef;
xdkt,ifwacwfuydkif
ucsif0wfpHk0wfvdkuf
oQrf;abmif;zD0wfvdkufeefU
wdkif;&if;om;wdudk
vdrfzdkUrBudK;pm;uJhzd --/

t*kacwfa&

( 148 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oQpfav;vHk;awmfvSefa&;acwfjzpfaw --/

rawmfrw&m;a&pepfqdk;udk
awmfvSefeDa& acwfjzpfaw --/

trSefw&m;udk vrf;cif;
w&m;rQwrI jrufcif;xufrSm
avQmufvSrf;eDa& acwfjzpfaw --/

rSefuefa& ESvHk;om;eefU
opömw&m;udk atmufNcDjyK
ordkif;opfudk
xkqpfeDpGmjzpfaw --/

þt&monfum;
usdKif;ajrmif;a&
vlrsdK;a&;0g'Drsm;\
(jrufcif;opf) r[kwf --/
(EGm;pm;uGuf) vnf;r[kwf --/

&wemodkufwl;a&
(&mZ0ifysuf) vnf;r[kwf --/

(aygufwl;) eefU (vdyf) acwfpm;Asm,f

(apmuf½l;) eefU (iayg) wd tkyfcsKyfzdkU
acwfvnf;r[kwf --/

rw&m;a& avmufaumifwd
ab;udkz,fyg --/

vlrsdK;a&;0g'Dwd
aemufjyefqkwfyg --/

roxm&nfpmtm;vHk;
ykwfvm;cAsm,f --/

trdIufyHkxJ

( 149 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
a0;ypfvdkufyg --/

&J&J0efU0efU
pGefUMuJvdkufyg
(rESNrdK;uJh)

þt&monfum;
awmfvSefa&;jzpfaw --/

teHUraumif;
avmufwaomif;aomif;
EdkUcsOfa[mif;udk
apmif;rMunfhuJh --/

4if;t&monfum;
tqdyftawmufjzpfaw --/

rw&m;a& rsdK;pdudk
ysdK;MuJeDa& oif½dkUtm;vHk;
toGD;tom;xJu avmuf
opömazmufwdjzpfaw --/

olcdk;Zmwfudk
ruuwfuJh --/

apm&Zwfudk
r&GD;uwfuJh --/

b0uReftrGD,kwfudk
zJhxkwfvdkufyg --/

obHkrIefUtrsm;BuD;eefY
uif;yGef;avQmfvdkufyg --/

rD;udkufjym;jym;wdkufysm,f
0wfqifvdkufyg --/

( 150 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&Drdk;csdK;Asm,f
oefU,Sif;vdkufyg --/

tkef;qD,JGU,GJUvdSrf;Asm,f
tm½kPfrdk;xufudk
BudKqdkvdkufyg --/

r*Fvmtcgor,rSm
r*Fvmaw;jcif;udk
atmfqdkvdkufyg --/

þt&monfum;
awmfvSefa&;jzpfaw --/

awmfvSefa&;a&
wrdk;vif;vm;Asm,f --/

a,auvJh
awmfvSefa&;rkefwdkif;u
wdkufcdkufeDwkef;jzpfaw --/

r,drf;,dkifa&
cdkifrmoH"dXmefeefU
eufzef&ufudk
BudKqdkvdkufyg --/

udk,fhraumif;rIudk
udk,f&Sufyg --/

toif½dkUwda&
vGvDvGvG
(zmo,fr) wd jzpfaw --/

wdkif;jynf\&wemwdudk
a&mif;pm;eDa&
(&mZ0ifolcdk;) wd jzpfaw --/

( 151 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
Oya'rJh
aomif;usef;olwdjzpfaw --/

jynfolU&SdarSmuf
um;pifwif&zdkU
(bkpkc½k)
(zm;jyKwf<uufpkwf) jzpfaw --/

uk&mewÅd
qD;r[djzpfaw --/

ul;pufjyefUyGm;
Adkif&yfpfydk;rTm;jzpfaw --/

aumufopfcif;udkzsufqD;
(&moDay:usD;) wd jzpfaw --/

vdrf0ga&twwfudk
wzufurf;cwfwwfaw
&mZ0wfom; (vlowform;) wd jzpfaw --/

qefukefNrDv;D
(abmufomqGD;) wd jzpfaw --/

aturÇmrSm
vDxknpfnrf;eDpGm
toifh½dkUwdaMumifh
rSwyg;tjcm;r[d --/

a,ZkeefU
rD;qdkufawopfyifwdudk
jyefpdkufyg --/

pdkufawopfyifwd &Sifatmif
ysdK;axmifyg --/

&moDOwk

( 152 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
azmufjyefvm&pGm
toif½dkUwdaMumifh --/

rdk;acgif&D,Sm;jzpfeD&pGm
toif½dkUwdaMumifh --/

urÇBuD;udkzsufqD;
nLuvD;,m;AHk;xuf
aMumufzdkUaumif;a& --/

qdwfqDol&Jxuf
&GHUzdkUaumif;a& --/

cGD;ykwfavmufus
tHzdkUaumif;a& --/

tykyfeHUudk
rcHEdkifyg --/

tusifhqdk;udk
oif;xHk;vdkufyg --/

tusdwftcJudk
BudwfcGJvdkufyg --/

þt&monfum;
awmfvSefa&;jzpfaw --/

þ&monfum;
tdrfaxmifa&;r[kwf --/
Apöukwfr[kwf --/
0wÅKr[kwf --/
tjymZmwfr[kwf --/
y*sDum;r[kwf --/
ausmufjzpf½kyf<uif;r[kwf --/
uAsmt&GJUr[kwf --/
omjcif;oHusyfr[kwf --/

( 153 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aw;jcif;r[kwf --/
*Dwmr[kwf --/
ESJr[kwf --/
AHkr[kwf --/
vif;cGif;r[kwf --/
wa,mr[kwf --/

trSefw&m;eefU (oGD;cif;)
trSefw&m;eefU (&GD;xGif;) xm;a&
awmfvSefa&;pifppfjzpfaw --/

ewforD;acswa,mufydkif
vSya&
tm½kPfrdk;xufudk
BudKqdkvdkufyg --/

rdk;aumif;cifydkif
urÇmBuD;udk
usufoa&wifhpDyg --/

yef;yGifhacswdydkif
urÇmBuD;udk
tvSqifvdkufyg --/

Mu,fyGifhacswdawmifu
rSdwfwkHvif;wkH
tarSmifcGif;zdkU
Edk;eDuwfAsm,fav --/

tdk toQifvrif;
oif ykef;reDyguJhzd --/

toifa&
urÇmBuD;\
uGrf;awmifudkifjzpfaw --/

toifa&

( 154 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pnf;us0g;us
EGJUaysmif;uwwfaw
vkvifysdKrjzpfaw --/

toifa&
yef;Eka&mif
yef;oD;ydkifoQifjzpfaw --/

toifa&
EScGrf;eDeD
a&TESif;ZDjzpfaw --/

toifa&
wcgw&D
&SufuGefUwudkU
yg;rdkUrdkU
pdwfn§dK Uwwfoljzpfaw --/

toifa&
p~uúm0Vmavmu"gwfwcGifvHk;\
wyifwdkif rif;orD;wqljzpfaw --/

'@m&DyHkjyifxJu
*E¨0ifajrmuf
rif;om;wyg;vnf;jzpfaw --/

Zmcgrqdk toifa&
urÇmBuD;udk vTrf;rdk;tkyfpdk;ol
bk&if{u&mZfwqljzpfaw --/

trSefw&m;
bmomw&m;vnf;jzpfaw --/

tjcm;wzufrSm toifa&
NcDoHjyif;jyif;
vrf;avQmufwwfol
vla,mufjzpfaw --/

( 155 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

wcgwcg toifa&
rauseyfcsufwdeefUtHBudwf
wufoD;acgufwwfaw --/

wcgwcg toifa&
ememusdef;usdef;
idkuRD;wwfaw --/

wcgwcg toifa&
t&m&mudk
Oayu©mjyKEdkifa&/

wcgwcg toifa&
&ifemp&maumif;a&
ordkif;aMumif;udk
jyefajymif;ajymjyolvnf;jzpfaw --/

wcgwcg toifa&
pdwfememeefU
'Pf&m&
jcaoFhwaumifjzpfaw --/

a,auvJh Zmcgrqdk
toifa&
urÇmBuD;\'Pf&m'Pfcsufwdudk
ukpm;wwfaw
orm;awmfBuD;wqljzpfawqdkpGm
Zmolvm jiif;csufxkwfzdkUvJ --/

vloltm;vHk;
aumif;jcif;r*FvmeefU
om,ma& rdk;xufrSm
NydKifwlacgif;avmif;wD;vdkufyg --/

tjzLa&mif
qifwl0wfysm,f

( 156 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oHNydKifaw;jcif;wyk'f
qdkvdkufyg --/

aumif;cifjyifudk
aemufcHjyK
oefU,Sif;a&
pHkvDn§if;n§if;udk
w0wydkuf
vQLvQdKufvdkufyg --/

tawmifzHyga&
iSufacswdydkif
vGwfvyfaw
tjyma&mifaumif;cifrSm
usL;,ifhysHoef;vdkufyg --/

þtcgor,onf
awmfvSefa&;
rdk;xufr*Fvmjzpfonf --/

awmfvSefa&;atmifyGJ
NcdrfhNcdrfhoJ
qifEGJcsdefvnf;jzpfonf --/

trSefw&m;\avQmufvSrf;&m
a&mufcgteD;
tcgor,jzpfonf --/

tusOf;csKyftaESmifzGJUcH
jynfoltaygif;\
atmifpnfatmifarmif;
aqmfMooHvnf;jzpfonf --/

tjcm;wzufrSm
rdpämaumifwd\
usqHk;cef;jzpfonf --/

( 157 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
azmufjyefoltaygif;\
ed*Hk;csKyfjzpfonf --/

twÅ0g'Drsm;\
wpokóefjzpfonf --/

ZmMumzdkUvJ
wa,mufwcsuf
0dkif;orvdkufau --/

ZmcHEdkifzdkUvJ
wa,mufwcsdef;
0dkif;Adef;vdkufau --/

(armifrSef)

jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
jcifaxmifr[d
rdk;umcsHKAsm tdyfvdkufzd/

jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
ykqdk;r[d
'a,mcsHKAsm tdyfvdkufzd/

jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
a*gif;tHk;r[d
aMumydk;tdyfudk a*gif;tHk;vkyfysm
tdyfvdkufzd/

jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
&nf;pm;r[d
&GmutysdKacsudk vGrf;vdkU
tdyfvdkufzd/

( 158 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
xrif;pm;au ig;r[d
0rf;qmqmeefU tdyfvdkufzd/

jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
&Sdwef;xGufau zdeyfr[d
NcDqmqmeefU tdyfvdkufzd/

jzKwfpdwfauudkufaw &Jabmfacs
&Sdwef;xGufau? aemufudkrwGefU
&J&J0efU0efU? &efolwyfudk
wdkufypfvDzd wdkufvDzd/

tnBw&Jabmfarmif (AA)

rdk;BudK;ppfqifa&;
(1)
ajymufusm;vdkUac:a& awmfvSefppfom;oHk;a,muf
wa,mufwvuf vufeufudk,fpDudkifvQuf
wa,mufu AK47 wa,mufu M16
wa,mufu &efolUaoeyf G3
aMumydk;tdyfudk,fpDvG,f
Equipment udk cg;ywf
&Dyl;udkcg;csdwf? 'g;udkcg;xdk;
usm;ajymuftif;usDeefU
owif;t& &efolUpcef;odkUcsDwuf
nOfheufoef;acgif arSmifarSmifrJrJ
rdk;&dyfcJcJ
ajzmufpdyfMu,facswcsdKU rvif;wvif;
rSdwfwkHvif;wHk
(bk&m;0g) pcef;uxGufcGg
nwdkufyJGqifzdkUc&D;ESif
ajrmifudkausmf awmifudkywf
acsmif;udkauGUa,Smif jcHKudkazmuf
awmufavQmufcsDwufvm;uwfaw/

( 159 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

jcifuudkuf jzKwfuvnf;udkuf
<uwfuvnf;wG,f
*½krpdkufEdkiftm; pum;rajymEdkiftm;
tcsufjyoauFwoazmeefU
ta&;ay:vrf;uJGcaomf
pk&yfudk (orifawmifxdyf) udkowfrSwfaw/

ppfqifa&;emrnfu (rdk;BudK;)
w[kefxdk;ppfcif;vdkU
&efoludk NzdKcGif;zdkU jyif;jyif;BuD;csDwuf
pum;0Sufudk (aMumifeuf) vdkUoHk;a&/

&du©mtwGuf rodk;xrif; rodk;[if;

xrif;ajcmufudk ysm;eefUES,fvdkU
*sDom;ajcmufudk
wa,mufwodkufcJGavmuf
wywfpmtwGuf xnfhyD;vdkufuwfaw/

(2)
nOfhtarSmifrSm &efolrjrif&atmif
vuG,fnudk tazmfjyK
0w¬KxJu Zwfaumifrsm;ozG,f/

vrf;ckvwfrSm &nf;pm;udkvGrf; &Gmudkwrf;

aw;jcif;wyk'fudk vDooGwfacseefU
&Gmvnfa&tcgrsdK;ydkif awmifukef;xufu
ZukefatmfvdkU qdkvdkufcsifa&/

tcspfeefUppfrSm tjypfutolvJ/
Mum;vlzsufvdkU ysuf&a&tcspf
rcspfrESpfoufaomoleefU
aygif;oif;&a&tcspf
cspf,ifhom;eefU oDuJGuJG&a&tcspf
cspf,ifhom;eefU &SifuJGuJG&a&tcspf
tcspftbd"r®m rzGifhcsifyg
tjypfjyKoludk&Sm

( 160 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
cspfuwfolwdkif; aygif;&zdkU&m
rdwåmyef;cif; aygif;,Sif;yD;csifolu
pl; tpl;cHum tepfemcHum BudwfrSdwfcHum
wcgwcg tHBudwfyem
(tcspfeefUppf) ppfESpfyJGudk
wNydKifwnf; wdkufcdkufeD&olyg/

(armif;armifjyefvmvwfygyvif) qdka&
aw;jcif;oHudk Mum;wdkif;rsuf&nfus
aysmhnhHa&vdkU qdkcsifqdk
a,musfm;vnf; idkwwfyga&
awmfvSefESvHk;om;wdkif; rrmyg/

(3)
ckESpfpOfMu,f NcDaxmifvdkU rdk;vif;pjyKcsdef
awmifukef;acswckxufrSm
oHk;a,mufom; uif;apmifhreDtm;
anmif;anmif;eefU tdyfcsvdkufuwfaw/

0g;awmeefU NydKif;awmudkuG,f
zifudkeDxdk;rS Edk;a&/

rdk;vif;csdefcg a&mifeDvmvdkU
t0D;wae&m carmif;yifxdyfacsu
N*dK;acsMuL iSuf0gacswGefjrnfvwfu
&Gmutcspfudk twGuf&a&/

prf;acsmif;acsu
awmifapmif;em;u pD;qif;vdkU
NcDrsufpdavmuf&m eufaw&DrSm
rdk;xufrsufESmopfvdkufuwfaw/

BudKiftD;a&&Dudk vufckyfacseefU,laomuf
wa,mufu uif;apmifhwm0ef,la&/

wawmudkausmf warmfudkoef;
wpcef;a&mufzdkU waxmufc&D;rem;

( 161 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
edjcif;xrif;rpm;odrfhcif tjyif;ESif
wufeDupl; a*gif;url; acR;ujypfjypf
aemufukef;acsmif;jzpfvm;a&/

xrif;unif 0rf;unif vGifjyifc&D;

tNyD;wcg tarSmufwvSnfh taxmufwzef
&efoludk owdrlvdkU
&Sduuif;axmuf aemufvSnfhvdkUac:cg
ta&muftjref csDwuf&jyefyga&/

aMumydk;tdyfxJu tdyf&mcif;yg;yg;
wmvywfcsmyg;yg; cg;rSmcsdwfxm;a&'g;
tao;trTm;wdu
vm;,if;vm;,if; wtdtd
yd,if;eefUyd Mum;zl;em;0[datmif
ajymjyvdkufcsifa&
puúefUeefUtrQ urÇmxufvD;a&/

(4)
,if;ydkifeefU ESpf&ufc&D;tjyif;ESifvdkU
oHk;&ufajrmufn
(yDacsmif;&Gm) udk a&mufaw/

Armppfwyfu &Gm\ajrmufzuf
AsL[musa& awmifukef;tjrifhrSm
eD&m,lxm;a&/

ausmufaygufjr§meefU t½kyfqdk;qdk;
tom;rJrJ tnmom;ppfAdkvfu
&Sdwef;udkOD;pD;
ajrmuf<uajrmuf<u
arsmufrSmojym&a&twdkif;
½dkif;pdkif;,kwfrm
xrif;awmif;pm; [if;awmif;pm;
rpm;zl;raomufzl; tpm;MuL;taomufMuL;
rl;½l;,rf;um;ayaw
,kwfrmvGef;vSa&/

( 162 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&Gmu tvSyvS rdr®acswdudk

xdktaMumif;jy a'taMumif;jy
edrtm; nrtm; tvkyfcdkif;
½dkif;pdkif;,kwfnHh atmufwef;usvGef;a&/

nusau rawmfrw&m; NcDawmfwifvdkU

tysdK&nfysufvdkU
rsuf&nfpufvufeefU &Gmjyeft0if
armifBuD;jrifa,mifygodrfha&/

&Gmom;wdudkvnf;
aemufjyefBudK;wkwf eDylvSef;
ausmufcgausmuf aqmifhcgaqmifh
arSmufcgarSmuf vSefcgvSef
aoeyfaygifeefU axmif;cgaxmif;
0g;&if;'kwfeefU owfcgowf
&ufpufenf;aygif;rsdK;pHk
,kwfrmrIaygif;rsdK;pHk
vufeuftm;udk;eefU tEdkifusifh
cGD;xufn§ufawtrsdK;
usm;xdk;vdkUowf a*gif;jzwfvdkUowf
t&Sifvwfvwf xl;cwfvdkUowf
NrDjrKwfvdkUowf NcDwJGvufwJGvdkUowf
oDG;&JoH&J &GmvkH;jywfwef;pDypfowf
trdwuJG tzwuGJ om;wuGJ r,m;wuGJ
BuDuGJp&m jrifuGif;
cHpm;csuf jyif;xefvGef;vkdU
awmfvSefa&;xJ a&mufvm&pGmyg/

ccwf0g;avmuf
taygufBuD;a&
usdKif;ajrmif;a& trsdK;om;a&;tjrifeefU
NrDvSefrsdK;azsmuf ppfcif;eDuwfvkdU
ukd,fhjynfukd,fh&GmtvS rysuf&vDatmif
aqmif&GufzkdU
armifBuDd;rSm wm0ef[da&/

( 163 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(5)
&Gmom;rsm;tultnDeefU ajymufusm;okH;a,muf
wef;aqmifbkef; vqkwf (14) &uf
wvif;*keDednOfh okH;csufwD;ausmfavmufrSm
&Gmukd0kdif;xm;vkdufuwfaw/
cGD;a[mifoHwcsufESpfcsufMum;&a&/

wa,mufuuif;apmifh wa,mufuwef;cg;acguf
owif;t& wuftdyfeDa&tdrf\
t&Sdzufwef;ysif;xufrSm
Armppfwyfu tnmom;ppfAkdvfukd
ezl;wnfhwnfh ypfowfvkdufuwfaw/

(t,kwfwrm½dkU\tqkH;pGefvrf;onfum;
usqkH;cef;omwnf;)

xxxxx

aemufwed yDacsmif;&Gmu
wvdyfvdyfwufeDa& rD;ckd;½dkUa&
wpkHwckaom &ifqkdUeifhzG,f 0w¬Kwyk'fudk
ajymjyvQuf[da&/

Armppfwyfu
&GmolBuD;eefU tdrfoQif0g*sD;udkac:vkdU
ppfwyfpcef;em; yDacsmif;urf;axmifhrSm
edjcif;aMumifawmif ypfowfvkdufuwfaw/

ESpfa,mufpvkH; 'l;axmufvJarSmuf
½kyfysufqif;ysuf/

&DpD;jyif;a& yDacsmif;w½kd;
oDG;twd pD;qif;vQuf/

(ckdifausmfausmf)

( 164 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(4/6/2000)
(jzpf&yfrSefZwfvrf;udk uAsm0w¬Ktjzpf cHpm;&GD;zJGUygonf/)

]zufcGufrsm;udk - acsmif;ajrmifr<uif; <uufwGif;rcsef - awmfvSefMu}

odkufjrHK
pmya'gif;onf
ta[mif;rrif? topfjrif\
EG,frQifoG,fwef;? ol\eef;wGuf
&ufuef;wwfajrmuf
olwnfaqmuf\ --/

rdk;a&mufonfESifh? tqifoifhyif
vDESifhtwl? wvlvlvGifh
atmifol0ifhAsm,f --/

awG;csifhaxmuf½I
þaumif;rIvQif? ukodkvfjyK&m
aumif;uefomrS? uAsmwyk'f
yHkjy,k*fwnfh --/

(e&oD[)

rdk;xufr*Fvm
tdkjynfol½dkU? xuwfxuwf
t&SdzufrSm
a&mifjzLvmAsm,fav --/

a&SmufyeDiSufacs? eDqmvHIvdkU
tudkif;zsm;rSm? em;eDAsm,f --/

pmacsw&GD? nDnDñGwfñGwf
wokwfNyD;wokwf? wtkyfNyD;wtkyf

( 165 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vSnfhysHvm;cAsm,f --/

tv,fw½dk;? 0ufrwdk;&atmif
jcHxdk;vdkUumuG,f&zdkU --/

usD;usvdkUrysuf&atmif
rD;xvdkUazmfuwf&zdkU --/

&GmOD;ausmif;u? cwufacgufysm,f
racsvm;vdkUqGrf;ydkUcD --/

armifacsysdK;MuJ? tudkBuD;v,fxGef
tudkvwfig;&Sm vm;uwfvD --/

rBuD;qefzGwf? trdqefjym
tbmawmodkUvm;ywfpD --/

wufnDvufnD? &DBudKifjrjr
*päye'D? ESif;0D0DrSm --/

(armifrSef)

&cdkifoGD;
&u©yl&D? wdkif;XmeDum;
&DBudKifjrjr? *päyESifh
pdrf;jrñdka&mif? ½dk;rawmifESifh
urf;ajrmif&SnfpGm? yifv,fjymESifh
a&mif0goG,fjzm? omoemESifh
pdkifvmordkif;? þwdkif;EdkifiH
eufoefbkr®d? &mZ0if[d\ --/

&u©yl&D? þonfEdkifiH
atmifvH0ifh0ifh? xD;zGifheef;wnf
ydawmufpnfESifh? e,fjynfork'f
tcsKyftcsm? tmPmydkifpdk;

( 166 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jrif;rsdK;odE¨0? auo&mZm
AsmvyÍö½l? qifjzLqifeD
oufoDom"u? oa*FwESifh --/

&u©yl&D? þNrDZmwd
oD&dr[m? &mZmoGD;&if;
jrwfjcif;oDv? apmifhxrsdK;½dk;
xdefUBudK;ivsif? yJhwifh[def;[def;
NAdef;apmif;oHNydKif? pnfawmfNrdKifESifh
&cdkifom;oGD;? xdefxdefnD;onf
bkef;rD;eDvawmufxGef;wnf; --/

(e&oD[)

rSefuif;wvSnfh xif;wvSnfh
rif;vGifqdkif;í? wdkif;oQpfXmeD
jym&DrdIif;ñdkU? jrodkUtoGif
vS&dyfqifvQuf? yifxufvQdKajrmif
awmawmif,HaMum? oHvQdKaESmonfh
OMo&Daomuf? EGDudka&mufwdkif;
&ifvdIif;cufxef? rsuf&nfoGefrd
jyefvnfEId;qG? ylaomuESifh
EGrf;&b0if? pdwftjrif0,f
t,iftwdwf? yHkerdwf½dkU
w&dyf&dyfvQif? pJG[yfxifonf
r&Tifwrf;w&vDAsm,f --/

arQmfMunfhwdkif;vQif? oQpfcGiftESHU
aw;0DjzefU&m? apwDomvnf;
NrDrSmNydK,Gif;? tvSuif;vQuf
usdK;ysufwHwdkif;? tydkif;ydkif;vnf;
jcHK0dkif;EG,f&H? txD;usefpGm
p&Smr&? tEÅwnfh --/

aMomf - &cdkif½dkU\

( 167 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rdrGDbrGD? pmyDvuf&m
EkynmvQif? wcgrSefuif;
wvSnfhxif;odkU? ysuf,Gif;NrDc
jzpfvD&jim;? &cdkifom;½dkU
pdwfxm;rSefuef? rsdK;rmefwdk;jrifh
oifhwifhnDnm? wJGvufjzmaomf
&ifrSmcGeftm;? tm;rmefyGm;onf
rdk;om;a&mifeDodkUES,fwum; --/

(cdkifvljcaoFh)

oZifowÅd
e,fy,fwck? udk,fpm;jyKvQuf
EdIif;xlyHkxif? jrwfoZifodkU
yif,Hjrifhjrifh? rmefcsD0ifhNyD;
zl;0ifh0Dqm? rTD;BudKifpGmvQif
jrvTmwrl? yef;rdÍÆLwnf; --/

vlrsdK;&cdkif? jynfr@dKifwGif
omuDEG,fjrwf? wdkif;av;&yf\
jyKrSwfwHqdyf? atmifedrdwfjzifh
&u©dwrnf? rsdK;*kPf&nfjzifh
pnfyifom,m? omoemESifh
urÇmv,fwGif
xnf0g&yfwnf [dvwf\ --/

&yfwnfxnf0g? rsdK;r[mudk
rdpäm0ifa&muf? opömazmufaMumifh
eef;aysmufxD;ysuf? ppf'PfcsufESifh
oufaygif;vnf;c? uRefjzpf&\
b0,IH;epf
ouú&mZfaESmif;? ordkif;aMumif;udk
oGef;avmif;xkqpf? tm;rmefopfjzifh
zufqpf\&ef? wdkufwGef;vSefrnf
wm0eftod? tm;vHk;[d\

( 168 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uwdcdkifjrJ? vufcsif;wJGí
atmifyJGwzef? udk,fjyef&,l
NydKifwl&SdodkU vSrf;csDwuf --/

tdk -- &u©wdkif;om;? rsdK;cspfrsm;½dkU

&SdodkUwlNydKif? vSrf;wufEdkifa&;
idkifai;awGa0? xdkifeDa&vm;
aemufxm;usefvdkuf? xdkpepfrS
ul;ajymif;onfhacwf? trSDvdkufvdkU
enf;opfynm? qnf;yl;umvQif
jynf&Gmaumif;usdK;? xrf;ydk;&Gufaqmif
rku©ßatmifrnf
a&Ta&mif0if;y tem*gwf --/

0DqmcefUjim;? rmef0ifh<um;vQuf
xif&Sm;rsdK;rSef? Zmwdrmefjzifh
n§mwHrusdK;? <uDrn§dK;atmif
ysdK;axmifumvQif? cdkifoZifum;
&SdwGifrm;rwf? OD;wnf&yfvQuf
owÅdpGrf;&nf jyawmhrnf --/

armifomavmif;jzL (&rf;NAJ)

blrd&u©dw ykwå&
ordkif;pmrsufESmopf
zGifhvSpfjy&ef
0HvufiSufrsm; ysHvmNyD --/

0HvufiSufrsm;? tiftm;ESifhysH
aumif;cif,H0,f? jimoH[defUBudK;
jynfusdK;twGuf? oufpGefUqHzsm;
wdkufcdkufvm;&ef? awmifzHjyif;jyif;
oGD;ESifh&if;wnf? &cdkifjynftm;
jyefvnfwnfaqmufMuawmhrnf --/

( 169 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
0HvufiSufrsm;
ZmeDzGm;½dkU
tiftm;tjzpf
xkqpfvdkufMu
½dk;rawmifxuf
awmifzH,Sufí
csDwufajzmif;ajzmif;
vufcarmif;cwf
ysHwufvmMu
blrd&u©dw ykwå&rsm; --/

ordkif;pmrsufESmopf
zGifhvSpfMu&ef
0HvufiSufrsm; ysHvmNyD --/

cdkifvif; (arC0wD)

O'gef;usDtHhavmhtdkjynfol
xavmhjynfol
jynfolxavmh? Edk;xavmh
xavmhjynfol? e,fcsJU[lorQ
qefUusifMu&ef? armif;xkwf&efESifh
wGif;&efjyif&ef? &ef[lorQ
wdkufMuzsufMu --/

uRefoufESpf&m? b0wmü
wdkif;ysufjynfysuf? vlrsdK;ysufí
tusifhodu©m? zsufqD;vmvnf;
oDvr@dKif? &u©dKif&u©
apmifha,SmufMuavmh --/

rsdK;zsuf&efol? tMuH[lorQ
qefUusifMu --/

ezl;vufwif? rpOf;pm;cifu

( 170 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
igajymjyrnf? tdkjynfol
vuf0g;wGif;azmuf? BudrfBudK;avQmufoD
wpDwwef;? vlodef;oef;ESifh
oQifyifrked wkr[dudk
aqmif,lbdonf? jrefrmjynfodkU
xdkpOfcgu? eef;tr&
jynfXme[kqdkvwf\ --/

eef;tr®&? b0oQifyif
armif0dkif;wGif\ --/

armif0dkif;qdkwdkif;
&cdkifwdkif;wGif? r,Gif;TrSm
eD&mxdkxdk? &cdkifqdkvQif
t&Sifvwfvwf? a*gif;udkjzwfí
uGyfn§yfokwfoif? 'g;pD&if\ --/

ukefpifatmifowf? rvGwfNyD;a,Smiff
aumifykwfawmifES,fykHvD\ --/

oDvDr<uif;? vlcyif;½dkU
csif;csif;EGD;EGD;? uedrGD;om;
om;xGD;om;i,f? EkEki,f½dkU
jyHK;&,f&Tifbd? arrodudk
rGD;rdxHu? ,lNyD;rSvQif
vufESifhudkifajr§muf? aumif;cifa&mufrS
atmufuwzef? 'g;udkvSHí
cHjyefNyD;cg? jyKonfrSmaMumifh
usumrvGJ? &J&JoGD;puf
ttlxGuf\ --/

wcsufNrDü? vSHudkpdkufí
cHvdkufwHusif? zifu0if\ --/

ykHbdawmifES,f? aumifykwf0,fum;
vli,fwaomif;? vlBuD;aygif;vQif
oQpfaomif;tpGef;? wodef;rTef;\ --/

( 171 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ESpfvdkaysmfyg;? vifr,m;udk
aygif;Mutwl? rxm;rlbJ
qGJ,l½dkufowf? em;BudK;wyfvQuf
yl;>ywfcsdKifaESmif? MuufudkavSmifodkU
ykHaqmifyrm? ,lMuyg\ --/

rsm;pGmcGwfxpf? owfíypfvQuf
tcspf0goem? r[dygjim;
ysLatmufom;onf
pum;rkom;0g'Dwnf; --/

þaompma[mif;? ordkif;aMumif;[d
[daMumif;þonf? xdkonfom"u
rrdMuESifh? owd[dMu
emusdef;Muavmh --/
trsdK;rme? Edk;xMuavmh/

emavmhjynfol? tdkjynfol½dkU
em;udkpGifhavmh? em;pGifhavmh
½dk;rw0Sef;? jrpfurf;yifv,f
v,fuGif;NrdKUjy? awmutkHu
Zeyk'fu? idkoHoJhoJh
tiftm;rJhpGm? yifyef;pGmjzifh
&cdkifolr? idkcsdKuf&\ --/

atmufom;jrefrm? ½dkif;jypGmESifh
Avuúm,? jyKusifhMuNyD
uedqDxd --/

acsmif;EG,fjrpfr? &DvQHusodkh
&cdkifolr? usonfhrsuf&nf
xdkrsuf&nfwGuf
ordkif;<uD;vQif[dodrfh\ --/

rSwfavmhjynfol? &cdkif[lorsS
emusdef;cHcuf? [dMuavmh --/

( 172 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

olemoltdk? usdK;uef;udkum;
rvdkydwfxm;? wdkufvkyfjim;í
oGif;xm;tjynfh? ,rf;qD;xnfhvQuf
NrdNrdnufBuD? rD;wdkufpD\ --/

tqdyfaiGUvTwf? owfonfhynm
*smrefzufqpf? aemufrSjzpfonf
ppf&Sdordkif;? t½dkif;jrefrm
usifhcyg\ --/

yifv,furf;p? oJaomifvGrSm
jzm;&Duscg? 0g;NcHumí
csdKifumaESmifxm;? vltrsm;rSm
jzm;&Dwufcg? jrKyfvdkUoD&
u,fyg,lyg? wpmpm
atmfjrnf[pfuRD;? &ifwD;vufwif
toufiifí? xdkwGifcP
cE¨m<u\ --/

&ifudkcGJí? toJudkuif
ttludkxkwf? t&DqkwfeDvSef;
,kHwrf;pum;r[kwf
t,kwfwrm? rdp>maumif½dkU
r,kHatmif&ufpuf? cGD;0ufvif;'
00auR;\ --/

emavmhjynfol? tdkjynfol
A[dkpnfESifh? eef;reef;aqmif
ausmif;uefZmwD? odrfBuD;Z&yf
jyó'fwef;aqmif? armif;acgufem&Dpif
awmf0ifcef;em;? oyf,yf&Gm½dkU
NrdKU½dk;wHwdkif;? wkEIdif;r[d
yd#uwfawmf? usrf;awmftpkH
tukefrD;wdkuf? rNyD;rusef
NrDvSefzsufqD;? qifBuD;jrif;BuD;
orD;unm? Opöma&TaiG

( 173 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&efumajymif;tajrmuf
atmufom;vk,l? vloQifynm[d
aA'ifwwf0S&m;? qD;orm;yef;xdrfonf
,dkifpifoQifESifh? yef;csDESifh
BuD;oGef;wwfESifh? aqmufcwfESifh
Adokumwwf? twwfonfrsdK;pkH
rwfrsdK;rl;rsdK;? ppfxdk;twwf
eyrf;owf vufyef;onf
ol<u,folaX;? ol&JNcDonf
BuD;&DZkE´mwf? NcDcsif;cwfí
okH;yef;uGyfn§yf? ,laqmifvwfonf
jynfBuD;"n? okOf;okH;0 --/

½Iavmhjynfol
jynfol½Iavmh? emcHavmh --/

vIdif;oHvDoH? aomaomnHí
&DjyifvIdif;Mum;? qHzsm;oufpGefU
vl;vGefUarSmufwkH? vGwaf jrmufwkHUESifh
wjynfb*Fvm;? NyD;vTm;a,Smifykef;
tkH;<uufqlnH? a[0EÅmc&D;
awmBuD;rsufoQif? vdyfjympifrQ
usm;qifom;&J? ab;udkcsJí
cJzG,fxrif;? uif;íri
iwfMujywfMu? oDBuDMuESifh
usm;a[mufavmif;arSmuf
oufaysmufuwfvD
oDuwfvD --/

xdkpOfcgu
&cdkifppfNyD;? ab;uif;0D;&m
ykef;cGma,SmifNyD;
pm&if;&GD;olr[dyg/
EdkifiHwum rodcyg --/

odef;oef;vlcyif;
u,foluif;í? csif;csif;BuDBuD

( 174 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
toDtaysmuf
axmifaomif;ajrmuf\ --/

tdkjynfol½dkU? emcHMuavmh
emMuavmh --/

em;udkpGifhí? owd0ifvQuf
trsdK;rme? Edk;xMu --/

yef;a*:oZif? awmf0ifyef;rsdK;
wrsdK;woD;? om;BuD;ig;BuD;
ausmufaMumrcsef? b@mqufoGif;
r,Gif;rysuf? yD;quf&wkH
urf;&wkHESifh? ukHvkHjynfh0
jynf"n\? pyg;qef&D
usDavSmiftjynfh? jznfhqD;,liif
jynfjrefrmodkU --/

armif&pfvQifAE¨Kv? vlUAmvom;
ukvm;jzLudk? ppf,IH;onfESifh
rkef;onfESifh --/

tNyD;qkwfvSrf;? ppfOD;vrf;rSm
axmif;axmif;BuDnuf? jynfudkzsuf\ --/

ouf[doufrJh? taMumif;riJhpGm
pkykHowfjzwf? pm&if;rSwf,l
oef;ausmf[l\ --/

ukvm;rEdkif? &cdkifudkrJ
w&m;rJhvkyf&yf
udkyif½dkUrduwfzdkUvm; --/

rSwfavmhjynfol
jynfolemavmh? em;cHavmh --/

ppfudkif;zufurf;? rif;uGef;ZmwD

( 175 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rdwÅDvmuefawmf? NrdKUawmfvrf;cif;
wGif;wl;NrDayguf? wm½dk;aqmufzdkU
xif;cGwftkwfzkwf? tvkyfMurf;rsdK;
vTxdk;armif;iif? wpifwoD;
rl;BuD;rwfaygif;? tdrfaumif;tdrfBuD;
uRefoD;oabmuf? atmufus0yfpif;
NcDeif;jrufyif --/

ppfqifppfwuf? toDcHxGuf
,dk;',m;csD? ppfonftjzpf
rvdkufr[d? vdkuf&bdonf
acR;wyfom;ESifh? ulvDESifh
uRefoabmufESifh? "g;armufESifh
&cdkifom;ESifh? oif;csdKif;ESifh--/

pyg;qef&D? b@mr<uif;
cyif;vlol? awmif;,lBudrfzef
NrdKUwnfjyef[k? wzefvli,f
a,mufusm;i,frsdK;? "g;rdk;,liif
trsdK;udkjzwf? jrefrmZmwfoGif;
tvQif;ra&muf? atmufom;jzpfjcif;
vlaESmjcif;/

NrdKU&Gmwnfjyef? tif;av;uefawmf
avmif;avSmf&yfapmuf
wacsmif;axmufNcD
tHhavmufonfavmh
rSwfavmhjynfol? pOf;pm;avmh --/

&Gmwnfcsjyef? uefawmftif;av;
oQrf;jynfxJü? ,©Ktif;om;
qif;oufay:ayguf? Zmua&muftHh
taMumuftvefU? r0Hhrpm;
atmufom;rif;vQif? qifwwfjrif;wwf
ppfwwfynm? ZkE´mZkE´mwf
ppfuGyfppfuJ? tNrJausmfoD;
jynfpdk;BuD;rsm;? ykefuefrnfhta&;

( 176 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aMumufaomtm;jzifh? taESmuft,Suf
csLyfcsufcwfxGD;? jynfwGif;rD;wGuf
b,fvufudkjzwf? oQrf;&yfodkUESif
tif;av;cGifa'o? &Gmwnfcsonf
tpOfrSefpG? rsdK;&u© --/

b,fvufjzwfawmuf? uefaxmufb,fNcD
avmif;avSmftm;pdkuf? pdkufvdkufrwfwyf
wufcyf&onf? tjrifrSmqef;
wef;&yfNcDaxmuf? tHhavmufpzG,f
OmPfa&;<u,f\ --/

,if;uwzef? NrdKUwnfjyefonf
rif;wkef;? yef;awmif; (ya'gif;)
avmif;&Snf? a,m? aqm? pdrfhawmNrdKif,H
EdkifiH&yfxD;? teD;t0D;? owif;yD;&ef
wyfwnf&efESifh? &du©maxmufjzefU
ppfvrf;iifí? c&D;qefU\ --/

uefUbvl? ppfudkif;? ztdkif;? izJ

a,mom;? aqmom;? pum;&cdkif
,dkifpif[d\? ausmif;[d\
yef;xdrfonfESifh? BuD;oGef;[d\ --/

ppfudkif;tem;? a&TMuufESpfql
tr&yl&? tdrfrjcH0if;
woif;,dkifpif? xJ0ifemr
trnfwnf[dwf? BudK;csdwfykqdk;
vGef;rsdK;w&m? ac:tyfpGmonf
ynm&cdkif ,dkifoQifwnf; --/

rSwfavmhjynfol? jrefrm[lonf
*syfckwf,ufuef;? cg;BudK;avmufrS
wwfuRrf;vS\ --/

&cdkifa&mufrS? tpqifí
,dkifpifwwfrsdK;? BudK;csdwf'a,m

( 177 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wwftyfaomfwnfh --/

rSwfavmhjynfol? jrefrm[lonf
aiGoGef;BuD;oGef;? '*Fg;oGef;rI
tEkvufrI? oGef;rIynm
csdKUwJhyg\ --/

jrefrm'*Fg;? qdkpum;r[d
rl;pdrwfpd? usyfcGJojym
okH;vdkygrl
zmvmcsdefcGif? tvD;wifí
aiGpiftwkH;? n§yfjzwfokH;\ --/

"avhþ&Gm? jynfjrefrmü
ykHawmf'*Fg;? oGef;onfrsm;rSm
'*Fg;ynm? q&mtppf
&cdkifjzpf\ --/

xavmhjynfol? tdkjynfol
jynfol½Iavmh? pOf;pm;avmh
jynfBuD;ordkif;? &u©wdkif;EdkifiH
trSefuRefjzpf? uRefwGif;epfum
[dvDygvnf;? jyefvSefwdkufcdkuf
rsdK;cspfol&J? csD0SJtHhzG,f
u,fwifzl;\? u,fzl;\ --/

awmifrif;ausmfxGD;? ppfuJtdrf&Sd
&JabmfonfESifh? ausmfZHESifh
bm;&SDrkZkE´mwf? omraumif;pH&TD
aumif;ñTefU&ef'dkif? &efcsif;NydKifí
tEdkifppfcif;? vlcyif;vQif
yg0ifonfavmh? wdkufNyDavmh --/

oGD;<uD;qyfrnf? MuHpnfonfwnfh
jra&mifyifavmh? xGef;a&mifavmh --/
'g;jyefpD;ac:? pzdka0vQif
ppfqifonfum;? wdkufNyDvm;

( 178 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tdrf&Sdrif;[k? oufpH&TDESifh
rif;cspfvS&SD? ZmeDom;aumif;
rsdK;cspfaygif;½dkU? aomif;aomif;nHvQuf
oGD;avmif;oHajrmuf? atmufom;udkowf
owf,if;ESifhoD? wyfOD;NrDrSm
oufpGefUcyg\ --/

xdkuwqpf
ouú&mZfwGuf? waxmifhckESpf&m
udk;q,fhav;[k? ordkif;pOfwif
ocifaygvkH;? tm;pk½kH;í
wumifEdkif? tNydKifcGufayguf
&ifqdkifajrmufí? xGif;azmufawmfvSef
0dnmOftouf? um;pifxufrSm
oGD;pufvufESifh? &ufpufpGefUcGm
cE¨majymif;vnf;? OD;rñGwf --/

rSwfvdkufjynfol? ESvkH;rlavmh
csif;ysHcsif;csD? tpfudknDESifh
pkHnDr,Gif;? cyif;vlAdkvf
owif;qdkí? wdrfMum;Adkvfrif;
a,mufzawmf[k? vuf½kef;awmfAdkvfcsLyf
BudK;ukwftm;jzifh? wdkufíqdkifNydKif
Edkifvdkuf,HI;vdkuf? jynfodrf;vdkufESifh
wAdkvfwufqif;? wyfrif;'dk;atmifausmf
toufESHppfuGyfrif;? oGD;csif;&J&J
rD;cJwrQ? awmufqJawmufavmif
tvQHajymifonf? atmifppfonfESifh
csif;ysHESifh --/

jr0wDOD;p? trnfonm jrefrm0efrif;

tvkH0efAE¨Kv? ponfwyfrI;
ppfusL;wufqkwf? tEIwftodrf;
wdrf;apmif;onfESifh? arSmufonfESifh --/

csif;ysHvufatmuf? ajrmufOD;a&muf\?
a&mufNyD;vGwfjyef? pOfqufMuHonf

( 179 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
atmifvHrvJ? csD0JtHhzG,f
tpdkifEG,fxGef;? pGrf;pGrf;wzef
wdkufcdkufjyefonf? owif;ausmfoD;
rif;om;BuD;[k? &TDbef;om;aumif;
ZmeDa*gif;aqmif? atmifausmfZHESifh
a';0ef;BuD;½dkU? wcsdKUwcg
n§dK;i,fr[d? u,fwifbdonf
&cdkifvGwfvyfjyefwum; --/

emavmhjynfol? tdkjynfol
OD;ñGwfxdkufwef? ZmeDrGef½dkU
oGD;0dnmOfESifh? trSefvkyf&yf
rEIdif;tyfatmif? bdk;xdkufte*¢
jrifhrm;vS\ --/

xdktZltZm? wdkif;cspfjynfcspf
ZmeDppfrsm;? jynfrsm;OD;uif;
rif;xufrif;udk? ppfcif;qdkifNydKif
tEdkif,l0Hh? pGefUvTwfpGefUpm;
a*gif;aqmifrsm;udk? OD;ñGwf0yfpif;
av;pm;jcif;vQif? r,Gif;opöm
trdefUrSmwrf;? vGrf;qGwfjcif;ESifh
cHjyif;a'go? trsdK;rme
Edk;xMuavmh --/

rrdravQmh
BudK;pm;Muavmh --/

O'gef;rusD
þNrDopöm
usdrfqdkygtHh
usdrfqdktHh
usdrfqdktHh/

(ed*kH;)

emavmhjynfol? ESvkH;rlavmh

( 180 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tdrfwdkifEG,f&pf? ESpfaygif;av;q,f
jcHKEG,fydwfaygif;? acsmif;jrpfydwfqdkU
ñdkUñdkUqdkif;qdkif;? &pfcGDodkif;í
t½dkif;rsuf&Sif? awmBuD;0ifodkU
orifusm;&J? uRJ½dkif;pdkifaumif
taxmiftaomif;? rD;ausmif;&JNcif;
>rDuif;rSufoef;? awmjcHK0ef;í
jynfysufNrdKUysuf? teDcufonf
tarSmifacwfqdk;? vlrsdK;jyKef;wD;
xD;xD;usefeD? OD;a&&GDwGufppf
ESpfodef;jzpf\ --/

wacwfwcg? jynf&Gmty
&yfjcm;EdkifiH? twefwefu
pkefqef0ifxGuf? t&G,ftoD;
oabFmBuD;i,f? 0,fukefa&mif;ukef
ukHvkHjynfh0? wdkif;"nonf
zGJcGHjympk
axmif;xkBuDrG? ysufc&onf
atmufom;jrefrmvufcsufaMumifh --/

(OD;ppfEdkif &GD;zGJUonf)

rdk;aomufa&mifeD
(aMumif&DcRwfvuFm)

(1)
ajymcg&cdkif? &GD;cgjrefrm
ryDuvm? yDuvmonf
udk,fhbmomrd? pmudkrdvQuf
rodw&m;? vGefyGm;rsm;í
todw&m;? vGefacgif;yg;onf
zm;wydkif; ig;wydkif;
yHkEdIif;&rl? cGD;wl0ufwl
xdkonfvlvQif? t,larSmufrSm;
aygufu&m;wnfh? vm;vD&mrSm

( 181 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rsufESmrvS? ADZryD
y'&DpGyf? aMumif&D0wfvdkU
trSwfonm? udk,fhpmpum;
[daomfjim;vnf;? atmufEGm;aemufvdkuf
olvQifjzpf&? b0uRef,kwf
ppkef;jrKwfum? 'kwfydkif;aemufukef;
bHk;bHk;usrS? (tbm) xatmf
a,mufzac:onf
ray:zaysmufolavQmufwnf; --/

(2)
zaysmufray:? a,mufzac:om;
olzkef;pm;vQif? pum;y&d,m,f
tvGef<u,f0? ajymuwzHk
vkyfwHkwrsdK;? olcdk;\nmPf
taumufMuHwwf? abmufuwwfvQif
ajymvwfygonf? &cdkifjynfrSm
Zmwmraumif;? rif;avmif;udkarQmf
yifhzdwfac:uwf? qGDrsdK;pyfyg
yD;tyfESr? tvSyudk
a&mif;Mupm;Mu? 0rf;0rS&m
jynfom,mrnf? vm&mvmvwf
jyefrvTwfyg? jzwfjzwfvl;vl;
pkef;ewfyl;odkU? OD;zsm;xdyfwif
avQmufcef;0ifonf
t,if'kef;aygufaqmuf\wnf; --/

(3)
'kef;ayguft,if? avQmufcef;0ifonf
xdyfwifvufrdk;? &Sdawmfcdk;vdkU
igusdK;udkarQmf? ylaZmfyo
jynf"nrSm? jzpfMuygonf
ighrnfemr? rmewufvQuf
igxufvnf;om? rem0efwdk
pdwfjiifNidKvdkU? rvdkrkef;yGm;
&efNidK;xm;um? cdkuf&ef&Smonf
Amvmvlrdkuf? aemufvdkuftiSm;

( 182 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
olawmif;pm;vQif? aumif;pm;ygMu
ckumvü? jzpf&zHkzHk
tvHk;pHkudk? yHkwdkyk'fp
xkwfumjyrnf
[kwfuremMupDownf; --/

(4)
rem[kwfu? xkwfumjyrnf
yk'fpyHkwdk? em;axmifvdku
vmvwfMuyg? a&m*tem
aysmufcsrf;omatmif? q&morm;
ukpm;onfodkU? &cdkif½dkUudk
ajymzdkUOyrm? vuFmpDuHk;
um&HoHk;vdkU? ESvHk;om,m
[dpdrfhiSmvQif? &GD;umvnf;jy
qdkumjyrnf? aMumifhMupdwfyl
rjiLpluJh? oQifvlwum
pdwfcsrf;omrS? "nma&Tjynf
&yfBuD;pnfvdrfh? awZmbkef;rdk;
usufoa&wdk;vdrfh? trsdK;omoem
xGef;vif;jzmvdrfh? a0ae,sowÅ0g
zD;uif;uGmvdrfh? jzpfpdrfhaomiSm
apwemonf
jynf&GmvGwfajrmuf&aMumif;wnf; --/

(5)
vGwfajrmufjynf&Gm? apwemESifh
ajymcgem;axmif? vufraxmifuJh
axmifa&vufr? atmufodkUcsvdkuf
rmewef;cGef? rdk;xufysHvdkU
azmufjyeforI? rjyKuwfuJh
jyKonfhrme? jzKwfvdkUcsvdkuf
0g',SOfNydKif? BuD;Edkifi,fn§if;
tcsif;csif;udk? vkyfjcif;&ufpuf
tpG,fxufvdkU? awm0ufydkifa,Smif
rmefrapmifuJh? apmifonfhpG,frmef
aemufjyefvSefvdkuf? tjypfudkjrif

( 183 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
t,ifysifuwf? pmrwwfuJh
qdyfusyfqifacsmif? vlUabmifavmu
rrQwvdkU? yGyGylyl
uRufuRufql&? ykefuefMuonf
'ku©<uufwGif; euf&ownf; --/

(6)
<uufwGif;'ku©? eufyg&onf
apm&izsif;? vufaMumwif;ESifh
rif;qdk;rif;npf? rdIufo½dkufvQif
jzpfMuwzHk? rTDwHk,rf;um;
xGm;xGm;nufBuD? ppefUoD&
umvemvQif? qdkufMuygaMumif;
tavmif;awmifyHk? ykyfyGukefMu
cGqHkvrf;Mum;? 0rf;vQm;arSmufvJ
uJGNyJoGD;,dk? AjAef;NydK\
idk,dkNyD;vTm;? ausmif;om;oli,f
t&G,fEkEk? oufudkvkí
Oyrmrl? zkwfylrD;wdkuf
ukvm;wdkufudk? usm;0ifudkufodkU
rdkufrdkufarSmifarSmif? avmifavmifuRrf;uRrf;
aomif;usef;jynf&Gm? ysuf&ygonf
jrefrmrif;npfqdk;aomaMumifh --/

(7)
rif;npfjrefrm? qdk;oGrf;ygí
jynf&GmrtD;? 'ku©zD;ESifh
uyfBuD;vnf;jzpf? umvemvQif
qdkufMuwzef? &mZ'gPfaMumifh
rSefuefajzmifhrwf? oifhjrwfaomol
xdkonfvludk? zrf;,lowfykwf
csdKifaESmifcsKyf\? r[kwfrrSef
vkyfMuHpGyfpJG? w&m;pJG\
i&JrD;awmif? aygufuJGa,mifodkU
avSmifwdkufudkoGif;? ESdyfpufjcif;aMumifh
NcDcsif;wJGvJG? qif;&JrvS
cH&xdkxdk? wcsdKUudkvQif

( 184 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
t&Sifvwfvwf? BudK;uGif;pGyfí
owfjzwf,kwfrm? vkyfMuygonf
Murf;MuKwfz½kóm 0goemwnf; --/

(8)
Murf;MuKwfz½kóm? 0goemaMumifh
jynf&Gmysufus? ykefuefMu\ --/

xMuolykef? tvHk;pHkwnfh
tukefolig? awmfvSefyg\ --/

jynf&GmtwGif;? r<uif;oQifvl
qlyltHk<u? qE´jy\ --/

arsmufr0ifpm;? AdkvfcsKyfrsm;vQif
bk&m;yv’if? wufvQif;yifwnfh
zifudkuGuG? vSefumjy\ --/

toa&,kwf? t½kyfqdk;qdk;
ykwfodk;eHapmf? &GHp&mwnfh --/

(odkUygaomfaMumifh)
a,SmifcGm0D;0D; --
zD;vGwf&mudk? cdkumNyD;vdkU
&GD;om;vuFm? pDuHk;ygonf
rSefpGm aMumif&DuRwftHhownf; --/

(9)
aMumif&DrSefpGm? uRwftHh&mwGuf
&mZ0ifrSm? jzpfygvmaom
t&mrsm;udk? wdkwdkwkwfwkwf
qdkumEIwfvdkU? tusEkyfvQif
wifjyygrnf? &Sd0,ft,if
avmif;MuufwGifx? xdkjynfrudk
&vdkcsifaZm? avmbtm;jzifh
apmfum;&efrl? jref[lac:x
tif;0ork'f? Zeyk'fu

( 185 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
t,kwfrif;acgif? vufraxmifvdkU
acgifykwfyrm? cdk;umvmvQuf
jynf&Gmodrf;zsuf? NzdKvk,ufí
NrdKUysufwcg? MuHKcyg\ --/

t&mwacguf? NrdKUajrmufOD;rSm
iaumufiudkif;? iv0dkif;u
½dkif;pdkif;orI? jynfudkvkvdkU
wky,SOfNydKif? tEdkifvdkjim;
ydkifvdktm;jzifh? ydkif;jcm;ykefuef
wdkufzsufjyefonf
tMuH,kwfpG ykyfyGownf; --/

(10)
,kwfpGtMuH? &cdkifrSefvQif
t&Sifvwfvwf? xl;cwfokwfoif
um;pifwif\ --/

eD0ifrdk;csKyf? trsdK;jyKwfatmif
BudK;wkwfaESmifí? vufaygifudkcGwf
a*gif;udkjzwfvQuf? owfMuwoG,f
jrpfyifv,frSm? ypfcsay\ --/

tacsoli,f? tpdwfauqdk
NcDudkudkifajr§muf? xkwfcsif;aygufatmif
'g;axmuf0g;cRef? xdk;owfjyef\ --/

usefvlrdr®? tvSyudk
usifhMurk'def;? oGD;pdrf;&Sif&Sif
tjrifraumif;? zifa[mif;avmif;ESifh
tavmif;udkvQif? &ifudkvnf;cJG
txJudk,f0ef? arSmufumoGefvQuf
ruseftikwf? ed*kPf;csKyfonf
rsdK;jyKwftpdkifwHk;tHhownf; --/

(11)
tpdkifrsdK;jyKwf? tcsKyfed*kPf;

( 186 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rqHk;odrfhyg? awm&GmyefZif;
vmjcif;raumif;? zifacgif;OD;Ek
pkd;jyKarSmifrdkuf? zqyvacwfwGif
ppfwyfjrefrm? ypfcwfygonf
w&GmvHk;uRwf? tykwfjywfwnfh --/

aemufxyfppfawG? q,foHk;Mo*kwf
zm;jyKwfae0if;? pDrHjcif;aMumifh
xrif;iwf&? 0rf;r0aom
"n0wD? a0omvDzGm;
&cdkifom;udk? usm;xdk;aoeyf
vufpoyf\ --/

rSwfMu&cdkif? ukvm;xdkifrGwf
atmufNcDvGwfonf
oDuwftaumif a&mifa&mifwnf; --/

(12)
taumifoDuwf? NcDudkcGwfí
rjywfawmfvSef? ykefuefygonf
OD;pGmrdk;vif;? p,if;vlpk
tHudkwkvdkU? vlxkaxmufcH
vufckyfoHESifh? wzefpHausmfxGef;
pcef;xlaxmif? atmifvHvTifhvTifh
&GufudkzGifh\ --/

odkUjzifhcsDwuf? touf&moD
rusDtcJ? &J&Jawmufavmif
oGD;rD;awmifESifh? taumifwDjzpf
½dk;wGef&pf\ --/

topf&mZm? qufcHvmonf
vl&moDvm;? olum;roD
tmZmeDwnfh --/

þNrDþodkU? vGwfzdkUMuHpOf
oHa,mZOfaMumifh? r,dkifrvJ

( 187 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(cdkifcdkifjrJ) onf
atmifyJGqufum cHvdrfhownf; --/

(13)
qufumatmifyJG? NcdrfhNcdrfhoJvdrfh
tNrJrpH? avmu"HaMumifh
trSefrku©ß? ol½dkUustHh?

"n0wD? odif*Da&Tjynf
atmifpnfatmifarmif;? aomif;aomif;nHnH
oHNydKiftajrmuf aygufvwÅH --/

0Hvuf"dXmef? awmifzHnDnm? atmifvHcsDvm a&mufvwÅH --/

ysHwufAdrmef? awmif,Hwdrfom? a&mifvQHxdef0g awmufvwÅH--/

(Light in the Sky)

(aMumif&DcRwfvuFm)
c&pfouú&mZf (2005) ckESpf? 'DZifbmv (7) &uf? Ak'¨L;ed &GD;jynfhpHkonf/
edAÁme ypöa,m a[mwk/

armifayguf
(&cdkifjynf)

y'&DpGyf? aMumif&D0wfvQif
oDuwft,ifxdkcgwnf; --/

Zmwfysufcef;
wnfusifeefY'kH;Muuf - a&mpyf,Sufau
ZmwfysufAE¨wfjzpfzkdYa,/

AEÅwfqkdau - aemufumvrSm
wnfusifr[kwf - 'kH;r[kwfyJ
rsKd;ikwfADZ -&Smr&eefY

( 188 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
b0yDjyifzkdYodvm;/

]wnfusifr} jzpfu
wnfusiforD;om; - rGD;jyvm;av
wnfusifrsKd;½kd; wnfvdrfhrnf/

]'kH;r} jzpfu
'kH;ppfo®D;jrwf - rGD;jyuwfav
'kH;ZmwfrsKd;½kd; &Snfvdrfhrnf/

tkd -- nDrcspf
rdppfzppf - rsKd;½kd;ppfvQuf
cGJypfjcm;em; - udk,fho®D;om;ukd
rsKd;jcm;eefYpyf- oGD;aESmuwfau
AE¨wfrdvkdYac:zkdYum;/

omwifjr (rif;jym;)

arsmufajcmuf
eDa&mifjcnf aMumufyHkaxmuf
rsufcrf;pyfa&m*gonfrSef;odom --/

vDovyfpGmeefU
ESmpD;ajcmif;qdk;pGmu
udk,fcHtm;useDrSef; ajymzdkUrvdk --/

tn§dN*dK;uyfeDauvJh
&DrcsdK;0HpGmu
ZmaMumifhvJ --/

a*gif;xufueDyem
(Challenger) ysHvm;pGmudk
bm'vD waumifvwf --/

vufck[yf tvHawmfatmufrSm

( 189 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ydkvD,dka&m*gonfu
(Mike Tyson) [efeefU
pdefac:eDpGm
0D&&ovm;
[mo&ovm;
odNyDom;&m/

cdkifvl (½dk;r)

udk,fwdkif&GD; tw¦KyÜwÅd
cspfvdkufaw a'NrDjyif
jrifoltHhvm;pDcsif
pdkufjyvdkufrnf Zukef
oD;yifpm;yiftpHk
t&dyf&yif yef;yif
tifu&m;yif uopfyif
pHum;yif ta0,myif
iHk;yif ydawmufyif
opfrsdK;pHkvif yef;rsdK;pHkvif --/

wESpfpdvm
ydk;owfqD;udk tr,f&Sm
"gwfNrDMoZmudk taMumif;jy
&Davmif;zdkUudpö ylyif
psD;uGuftjrifeefU
qifjcifoHk;oyf,if;
a&m*gt&Tm;jywfuyfvdkU
ppefUoDzdkUuscgrS
wcktyifavh rpdkufEdkifc --/

(0D;eD&)

'kwfaxmufawmifukd ausmfcefUodrfh

( 190 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ig\touf
xuf0ufxuf okH;yGm
ausmfvmAsm,f/

igarQmfonfhyef;
rSef;vkdYrus
vrf;r&odrfh/

&GufEk&G,f&ifh
&Gufajcmufqifhyem
yef;yGifh0wfrIH
vDNrH§K<uDus
roif;jrAsm,f/

ESif;rIHvJhaysmuf
yef;vJhajcmufysm,f/

eDñ§dKwaxmuf
awmifwef;a&mufysm,f/

(a,auvJh)
'kwfaxmuf awmifukdausmfcefUodrfh/

(oQiftkef;)

&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a&
&ckdif[lonf? rsKd;oDvukd
apmifhvSykdifykdif? xdef;odrf;EkdifvdkU
rTD;BudKifowif;? urÇmcGifrSm
*kPfa&mifvif;c ausmfaZmc,ifh --/

a'ed&ckdif? rckdifusifhysuf
trsKd;zsufum? oGD;a&mvmau
&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a& --/

( 191 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

a'ed&ckdif? Ekdif&mzdeif;
tcsif;csif;yif? Muifemuif;jywf
nDñGwfrI0D;? tjrifqGD;au
&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a& --/

a'ed&cdkif? ukd,fykdifpD;yGm;
0rf;cg;vkHrQ? r<u,f0bJ
rmewef;cGef? rkd;,Hukdxd
rsKd;vnf;rod? qGDrod,m
ZmolyifoD? igrxDAsm
weyfpmukd? woufxifau
&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a& --/

a'ed&ckdif? ,drf;,kdifpD;yGm;
usifhazmufjym;um? ZmwDykxkd;
trsKd;rsKd;ukd? ½dkufcsKd;NrDvSef
rusefygau
&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a& --/

a'ed&ckdif? rsKd;pkdifoGD;tk
EkEke,fe,f? vli,ftrsm;
wwfxm;ynm? [duwfygvnf;
vdr®mESHUpyf? udk,fhorkdif;&yfukd
roduwfjyef? rsKd;rmefuif;0D;
rqkdif&mrSm? tNydKifvkyfau
,pfxkyfBuD;wd? a'edcsdefcg
jzpfrsm;vmau
&ckdifom;av &ifvD;a& --/

("nOD;)

&GufEkjyefcsdef
tdrfvSnf;cufwacsmif;eefU
aumif;cifBuD;ukdvSnf;usif;

( 192 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rkdufwGif;eufypfvkdufuwfrnf --/

NcDrOD;rSm oGD;tvl;vl;
MunfEl;zkdUaumif;rnf aocsma& --/

qmrGwfeDa& &DjyifxJ
0wfrIHacswdBuJcs
'geajrmufypfvkdufuwfrnf --/

uJh&JhvDywfpD tcgw&m
udk,fhzmomudk,f om"kac:zdkU --/

(&GufEkjyefcsdef uAsmpmtkyfrS)

bk&m;udkusm;udkufjcif;
t,ifucg Avm&GmrSm
tao0emAdkvf
tkyfcsKyfaw/

w&ufed e*g;irdkuf
tao0emcg;ydkufu
ra&TOudk usm;udkufawZmwf
ujyvwf/

awrd,Zmwf uzdkUpGm
csufcsif;jyefysifvdkuf&a&/

usm;uzdkUvl
usm;&D,l0wf
usm;a*gif;pGyfysm,f
tvSnfhudkapmifh
Zmwfpifa'gifhrSmtdyfeDa&/

,avmufpGmrSm wa,mufu
Zmwfpifudk"g;eefUcGwfvdkU

( 193 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
od'¨w¬rif;om;
awmxGufcef; u}qdkcg-

cEdÅuudk y½kef;e½kef;BudK;wkwf
wa,mufu armifpHvkyfysm,f
Zmwfcef;ysifvdkU
rm&fewfawmifrwm;&odrfh
usm;orm;
ywfoHMum;pGmeefU,lxnfhvdkufpGm -

od'¨w¬
usm;udkufcHvdkuf&a&/

yef (ppfawG)
½dk;rr*¾Zdef; trSwf (3)

0D&
usm;ukd &Sdckd;
ewfqkd;yo
ypa[mif;avmif;
rD;ausmif;&J&m
Mur®mukd,kd;
a'ykdifrsKd;eefY
pl;NcHKwkd;vkdY jzpfzkdYvm;/

rkd;arSmifusvD
vDjyif;>cDvkdY
urf;NcDrjrif
yifv,fjyifxJ
vIdif;Mum;0JrSm
ewfodMum;r
bk&m;wAsm,f
avSmfwufukdwif
&Gufrysifau

( 194 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
avmif;oQif urf;wGdvDzkdYr[kwf/

b0ork'f
0Jrpkyfcif
&GufwifavSmfcwf
ausmfjzwfvIdif;vD
urf;NcDrjrif? wufrwifuJh
urf;NcDra&muf? vufrajr§mufuJh
roDtouf? ZGJUrysufuJh
w&ufurf;NcD wGdvDzkdY/

txGD;aoQ (bJig;&m)

pGrf;tm;oQif
tudkif;csKd;vnf;? rn§dK;yifysKd
pdrf;pdkpdkESifh? e*dktoGif
pdrf;a&mifqif\/

tyGifhcl;vnf;? tzl;0ifhysKd
&Trf;wifhpdkvQuf? e*dktoGif
a&mifpHkqif\/

t&Guf>cDvnf;? r<uDudkif;ysKd
rdk;udkarQmfvQuf? e*dktoGif
vS&dyfxif\/

tudkif;tyGifh? t&GufvGifhvnf;
wifhcdkifaypG? yifpnfvSonf
avmutv,f? tvS<u,fzdkU
tHhzG,fpGrf;aqmif? *kPf0ifhajymif\
atmifEdkifol½dkUpdwf"gwfwnf;/

apmoQifausmf (ajryHk)

( 195 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vDysHiSufeefU NrDxufwD
wDjzpfcsifjzpf
NrDudkcspfaw/

NrDcspfawwD
NrDrSmoDvnf;
NrDqDNrDvTm
NrDMoZmpm;
NrDcspfrsdK;quf zGm;yD;a&/

um;&Dum;&m;
awmifzHum;vdkU
ajrmifacsmifawmifMum;
wdrfpGefzsm;rSm
vIyfvQm;½kef;usef
rlrrSefiSuf
vDysHwufvnf;
NrDxufaysmfeD
NrDcsufwDavmuf rjrwfa,/

rdk;NydK (rif;jym;)

r<uDyef;
&ifxJrSm
yef;wyGifh [da&
emrnfu &u©dw/

&DNrD ZmodkUajymif;pD
ESvHk;oGD;eefU jzef;vdkUvef;a&/

a,ZkeefU
urÇm Zma'gifhrSmyif wGdwGd
&ifzwfxJxd

( 196 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vSrf;Munfhrduwfaw qdkzd/

rif;&ifxJrSm yef;wyGifh
igh&ifxJrSm yef;wyGifh
Zmcgrn§dK; yGifhvD,ifh/

toGifruJG wa&mifwnf;
&J&JeDeD zl;yGifh0DvdkU
vDacsoGwfoGwf wdkufygvwfau
rif;vnf;auseyf igvnf;0rf;om
&mZ0ifvnf; r*Fvm/

&cdkif½dk;r *päyeefU
av;&yf0wD NrDqDtESpf
trsdK;ppfvdkU
ESpfaxmifodef;oef;
rn§dK;EGrf;c &u©dw/
urÇmwnfxd xm0&/
ig½dkU&ifrSm rTD;jrjrav rTD;jrjr/

(usD;jzL)

rdk;ox tm½kPf
nOfhoef;acgifav? tarSmifvGefajrmuf
tm½kPfa&mufvdkU? uwufacgufau
pdwfa&muf&nfrSef;? o'¨ gqGrf;udk
vl'gef;zdkUav csufvwfaw --/

N*dK;iSufvlysdK? aw;jcif;qdkvdkU
pdrf;ñdk&GufEk? ESif;xk0D0D
vDacsoGwfoGwf? wdkufumcwfau
&ifzwftD;a& csrf;vwfaw --/

tm½kPfysdK;vdkU? rdk;oxrSm
Edk;xtm;rmef? NAdef;apmif;oHav

( 197 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
awmif,Hudk[yf? *vdIifxyfysm,f
½dkufcwfjrnf[def;? pnfawmfBudrf;au
Muufodef;xa& tm;&a& --/

a&mifeDoef;au? qGrf;yef;&Dcsrf;
vSL'gef;rQ0D? rdwÅmNrDrSm
yDwdEId;aqmf? omxkac:rd
rSef;arQmfedAÁmef? oHpnfoHvnf;
rmefpG,fESdrfhcs? Nidrf;csrf;pG --/

armifeef;vS (ajrmufOD;)
&cdkifr*¾Zdef; trSwf (25)
(tacsoli,frsm;twGuf jyefvnfqef;opfxm;ygonf)

c&D;onf
]ESpfq,fhig;}
vm;vDajrmuf ausmufrSwfwdkif
MuHhMuHhcdkif --/

wcgw&D vDacsoGwfoGwf
yef;yGifhwdudk cl;vdkUqGwf --/

wcgw&D vDqifESarmif;
xkaxmif;owfykwf
rwkefvIyf --/

ighvrf;igavQmuf
razmufrjyef
tm;rmefowÅd
ZJGvnf;[d\ --/

ZmwdrsdK;*kPf
t[kefBuD;rm;
igav;pm;\ --/

( 198 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
trsdK;om;wGuf
toufyD;qyf
igauseyf\ --/

]ESpfq,fhig;}
vm;vDajrmuf vGefvDajrmuf
ausmufrSwfwdkif
MuHhMuHhcdkif --/

rif;Edkif (armifawm)
&cdkifr*¾Zdef; trSwf (25) aiG&wktxl;

ordkif; (ESifh) vl
avmurSm
uAsm&GD;zdkU
trif rGD;yD;ca& ig --/

,HkMunfcsuf
cH,lcsufwGuf
toufoDzdkU raMumufawig --/

umvoef;acgif
tarSmifxkatmuf
xdk;azmuf½kef;uef
&Sifoefxajrmuf
yef;wdkifa&mufatmif vm;zdkU ig --/

uAsmwyk'f
pmwtkyf
udkifqkyfzufvQuf? oGD;toufav
]csDa*GAm;&m;} ? ]zl;cspf} tm;y
w&m;wzuf? 'g;wvufeefU
eufzefrsm;pGm? r[mtem*gwf
jrifhjrwfonfhvrf;? c&D;Murf;udk
jzwfoef;0Hh&J avQmufjrJig --/

( 199 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

rif;jym;armif,kEG,f
&cdkifr*¾Zdef; trSwf (25)

aiGaomif,HcHpm;rI
urf;½dk;wef;udk
vGrf;a& --/

vdIif;ausmufaqmif
aiGurf;aomifjyifu
oJjzLpifwdudk --/

rsufpdxJpJG
cspfzdkUaumif;pGmwdusnf;
wrf;w0rf;enf;,if;
vGrf;,yif; ai;,yif; --/

MunfhrqHk;
vdIif;wd wvHk;NyD; wvHk;
w0kef;0kef;½dkuf
rkefwdkif;wdkufaomcg
aiGvTmjzLp
oJ&G&G
zkefrxbJ
urf;uvGifhaysmufpOf
ausmufqdkifawmifBuD;
vD[kefpD;
xD;rm;wnf&yf
[m;wdkuf&,fuwfaw --/

yifv,fwdrfwif;cGef
vDcRefoHwdk;wdk;
vIyfcwfEdI;cgrS
b0taxmif;txk
tzktxpfwdu

( 200 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tppftrSefw&m;udk
rdusefvdkufysm,fvm;
uAsmq&m
pdkif;pm;,if; pdkif;pm;,if; --/

EG,f (ppfawG)

aiG&wkrSonf
,Ofaus;rIpk? tEk&o
'óeudk? oluwp
igwpjzifh? pkMupnf;Mu
azmfxkwfMujzifh? umvrsm;pGm
jyKpkvmonf
&cdkifrnfaom r*¾Zdef; --/

cufcJorI? tpkpkudk
rIavmufp&m? rxifygbJ
opömvrf;ay:? wJGvufaysmfí
pmaomfwlzwf? pm&GD;pyfqdk
pmudkwlcspf? ig½dkUacwf[k
tESpf&o? tvS&cdkif
r,dkifzdkUwGuf? xrf;&Gufwm0ef
udk,fusDyGefc? ESpfrGefwGufppf
ESpfq,fhig;ESpfwnf; --/

q,fpkESpfvD? &oDtdknpf
b0ESpfum? jrKyfepfwdrfaum
zkef;qdk;awmu? vSaomtrGD
pdefpD&wem? azG&SmjrwfEdk;
yef;ES,fysdK;vQuf
aiG&wk tdk;wGif jznfhcJhNyD --/

tdk -- &cdkif\
cdkifonfhpdwf"gwf? jrifhjrwfrsdK;*kPf
pOfcdkvHIvQuf? ,HkMunfnDñGwf

( 201 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vuf,Sufxyfum? yef;jrwfawmf0if
&cdkifoZifudk? oifrSNrD;jrpf
rGDjzpfqifhjyK? aiG&wkrSonf
a&TpdefywÅjrm;? vDvDyGm;atmif
urf;aqmifvufqifh? zl;yGifhygpD
ESpfaygif;uk#muk#D --/

(ppfawGyGifhvTm)
&cdkifr*¾Zdef; trSwf (25)

q&mawmfOD;OwÅr
olUuRefoabmuf? e,fcsJUatmufrS
vGwfajrmufzdkU&ef? pdwftMuHjzifh
EdkifiHajrmufjrm;? cufcJMum;u
vm;a&mufavhvm? BudK;yrf;ygonf
tm*rsdK;cspfq&mawmf --/

olUvlrsdK;jcm;? pmpum;udk
oifMum;wwfvG,f? odem;vnfrS
e,fcsJUtMuH? pdwfxm;rSefudk
tjrefqHk;od? cH,lrdí
a&muf[deD&m? bmompum;
ajrmuftjrm;udk? oifMum;avhvm
wwfajrmufygonf? tm*rsdK;cspf q&mawmf --/

a&mufonfhEdkifiH? 0D;&yfXmefrS
0HomEkpdwf? rsdK;cspfpdwfudk
,dkzdwfpD&ef? pdwfxufoefvQuf
jrefrmjynftm;? pm&GD;om;í
BuD;rm;apwem? oGef;NzdK;&Gmonf
tm*rsdK;cspfjzpfayownf; --/

uRefpdwfuif;aysmuf? rrIaMumufyJ
vGwfajrmufc&D;? vrf;ñTefyD;í
zrf;qD;jypf'gPf? rsm;pGmcHvnf;

( 202 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
EdkifiHtwGuf? ,HkMunfcsufjzifh
xufjrufpGrf;aqmif? xGef;vif;ajymifonf
*kPfa&mifeDodkUawmuf\wnf; --/

rif;a&Trif; (tif;pdef)
&cdkifr*¾Zdef; trSwf (25)

½dk;rwzufu ig
&cdkif½dk;r? [dr0EÅm
awmifr[mrS? cufjzmoG,fwef;
yifv,furf;wdkif --/

EG,fcsdK½dk;r? ajrmufrSawmifodkU
ñdkarSmifrIdif;rdIif;? tvdIif;vdIif;jzifh
wHwdkif;xD;xD;? jrifhrm;BuD;\
qD;um&Hwm;? e*g;awmifES,f
awmifi,fawmifxdyf? jrHKcdk;vdyfESifh
t&dyfjrifhrdk&f? aumif;cifñdkjzifh
rtdk½kyfqif;? EkysdKjcif;jzifh
rmefwif;½dk;r? Munfhr0wnf; --/

yifv,furf;em;? &cdkifom;½dkU
tm;opfcGefopf? ordkif;opfjzifh
zGifhvSpfu@? Edk;Mum;MujrJ
&u©dKifemr? xdef;odrf;MujrJ
b0rrd? rsdK;rrdbJ
trdbmom? omoemudk
wG,fwmjrwfEdk;? trsdK;cspfpdwf
t&dyfrxdk;? *kPfrn§dK;atmif
yef;ysdK;vufrsm;? ESvHk;om;rSm
vIyfvQm;oGD;eD? pnf;vHk;nD\ --/

&cdkif½dk;r? wzufuvl
ig½dkUrlvQif? yifv,frjrif
vIdif;rjrifbJ? oJjyifaiGaomif

( 203 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ausmufaqmifausmufwef;? oEÅmurf;ESifh
vjcif;a'o? rdeDMu,ifh
t0tod? trsdK;odavmh
trdrGD;NrD? tNcDrcs
teDusaomf? udk,fu&cdkif
rsdK;apmifhEdkifvm;? &u©dKifemr
xdef;EdkifMuvm;
½dk;ru awmifESifhajrmuf
taemufESifht&Sdu ig½dkU
trsdK;cifzdkU vdkonf --/

armifMuifEG,f
&cdkifr*¾Zdef; trSwf (25)

uRefU&yfXmeD rkedNrD
uRefU&yfXmeD? rkedNrDum;
qef&Dpyg;? vGefaygrsm;aMumif;
bk&m;Ak'¨? Asm'dwf[onf
"n0wD? wdkif;odif*DwGif
twD&Sdu yg0ifc --/

uRefU&yfXmeD? rkedNrDrSm
ZmwDbk&m;? nDudk,fpm;eefU
wnfxm;rGDawmf? udef;0yfaysmfvQuf
ylaZmfOD;cs? zl;r0bJ
acwfpqHk;pdkif? MunfñdkEdkifonf
rTD;BudKifpkpk? oAÁnK\
"gwkapwD rGDo&Drsm; --/

uRefU&yfXmeD? rkedNrDrSm
e'D*päy? pdrf;ñdkjrvQif
arm&yAÜwm? awmifaovmem;
tomaoQqif;? awmifNcD&if;u
0yfpif;wef;xm; jzwfvdkUvm; --/

( 204 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uRefU&yfXmeD? rGD;&yfNrDu
e'Djrpfjyif? uBudK;qifa&
Zifa,mfarmifESH? vSDorÁmefeefU
ydkufuGefor? Munfhr0onfh
ESrñdkjym? urf;em;rSmvQif
,lvmtdk;cGuf? ESpfvHk;&GufvdkU --/

uRefU&yfXmeD? rkedNrDudk
yef;csDqD;csuf? ta&mifxufeefU
eufeufjymjym? 0g0gjzLjzL
qD;umulvnf;? toluyif
rpGrf;xif&? r,Hkcau
vrf;p&Smyem? wcgwacguf
ta&mufygvwf
uRefU&yfXmeD rkedNrD --/

cdkifatmifpdk;
(ausmufawmf)
rkedNrDr*¾Zdef; trSwf (5)

rkedNrDtvS omvDpG
ompGXmeD? ig½dkUNrDum;
qef&Dpyg;? ykZGefig;ESifh
opf0g;BudrfEG,f? jrpfyifv,fESifh
ayg<u,fZmw? jynfhpHkvSNyD;
pdrf;jropfawm? oZifaESmvQuf
aygrsm;rTD;BudKif? oif;ysHUvdIifum
tNydKifBudK;pm;? vrf;wef;wm;ESifh
udk,fUtm;udk,fudk;? jynfh0NzdK;zdkU
Edk;Mum;tod? vlwdkif;[dvdkU
rkedNrDtvS? omvDpGav --/

ompGmXmeD? ig½dkUNrDum;
crD;NrdKcsif;? nDudk&if;ESifh
½dkif;yif;'dkif;euf? vufcsif;qufNyD;

( 205 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tzsuf[lorQ? wdkufxkwfMuvdkU
oGD;rcGJwl? cspfMunfjzLum
nDwlvufwGJ? tNrJpGJvQuf
atmifyGJrsm;pGm? &cygonf
aemifvmaemufom;? nDudkrsm;vnf;
wifxm;ordkif;? t½dkif;rcH
trSeftppf? trsKd;cspfu
topfrcif? oGD;oefUpifrS
xifay:vlrsKd;? rsm;½dkusKd;vdkU
0NzdK;twd? urÇmodvQuf
rkedNrDtvS? omvDpGav --/

ompGXmeD? ig½dkUNrDum;
eDa&mifomoem? xGef;vif;jzmvdkU
jrwfpGm½kyf&Sif? Ak'¨0ifESifh
qif,ifxHk;zGJU? u[efEGJUvQuf
&GD;zGJUyDpm? &Sdvuf&mESifh
ausmufpmyk&ydkuf? usef[dvdkufvdkU
OD;wdkufylaZmf? awG;wdkif;aysmfrd
oQifawmfudk,fpm;? oGef;avmif;xm;vdkU
½kyfyGm;rked? ckwdkif[donf
aysmfrd&ifwGif;? jrifcsifjcif; --/

rif;at;pdef
(usdef;&dyfNrD)

rif;om;BuD;&TDbef; oDwef;pm&wk
rif;om;trSef? igvQifMuHu
EdkifiHtwGuf? udk,fhtoufudk
&uf&ufpGefUcGm? ukvm;&Gmü
cE¨m½kyfa[mif;? b0ajymif;vdrfh --/

jzpfaMumif;oHo&m? owÅ0g½dkU
rSefpGmrcRwf? olrowfvnf;
rvGwfwcg? oDtHh&mwnf; --/

( 206 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

urÇmwm&Snf? ol½dkUonfvnf;
twnfrpdk;? igNrDwdk;aomf
t½dk;wcg? wGefvdrfh&m\ --/

aemifvmaemufvl? &cdkifol½dkU
t,lrapmif;? ighvrf;aMumif;udk
aumif;aumif;vdkufem? wdkif;"nmudk
wcgrku©ß? ig½dkU&tHh --/

vHkUv&SdcH? vdkvQifMuHu
edAmefrcRwf? vuf0g;cwfonf
pJGrSwfþpmoDwrf;wnf; --/ ?

(rif;om;BuD;&TDbef;)
'uúm;axmifü &GD;zJGUonf?

a';0ef;BuD; atmifausmf&TD&wk
aemufom;aemifvm? aemufxyfyg½dkU
q&moHk;vuf? &SduHzufí
toufcE¨m? vl½dkUrSmum;
wcgw&H? tbdk;wef\ --/

w&Hwcg? qdkwHkygvnf;
olomvmvQuf? zdESdyfpufu
toufxdkcg? qHk;wwf&m\ --/

jynf&Gmwdkif;zGm;? rsdK;av;yg;½dkU
w&m;vrf;rSef? usifhaMumif;MuHvQuf
trSefrku©ß? oufpGefUMuavmh --/

"r®wmvrf;rrSef? qdk;aMumif;MuHvQuf
wefpdk;udkpm;? vdrfvSnfhzsm;aomf
aemifom;wzef? onf;rcHESifh --/

( 207 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
EdkifiHwum? [l&m&mü
ynmESifhnmPf? oifhpGmzefí
wm0efrysuf? opöm&GufvQuf
toufudkvSD;? oGD;acsmif;pD;rS
tNyD;BuHhcdkif? EdkifiHwdkif;NrdKU
tpdkUpdkUESifh? udk,fh½dkU&yfpnf
udk,fhwdkif;jynfudk? &rnfrku©ß
þavmuonf
atmufusrcHcsifaomaMumifh --/

(a';0ef;BuD;atmifausmf&TD)

NrdKUolBuD; atmifausmfZH&wk
O'gef;rusD? jzpf&vDjcif;
ZmeDtrSef? atmifausmfZHudk
BuHumrTDaESmuf? wusdyfajcmuf½dkU
,Gif;azmufopöm? ol½dkUrSmvQif
0rf;pmpm;cGuf? wxyfwGufudk
woufpmxif? cGD;tjrifaMumifh
wdkif;cGifompnf? ig½dkUjynfvnf;
olUjynfjzpf&? 0rf;enf;pGwnf; --/

rdbq&m? ayg&Pm½dkU
a0g[mxHk;a[mif;? vlAl;awmif;udk
raygif;azmf&m? qdkwHkygvnf;
,Gif;umowd? aygif;azmfrdí
vuf[d'ku© igBuHK&\ --/

b0wZpf? vljyefjzpfu
topf*kyif? MuHpnfcsifonf
ZmwGifrrdEdkifaomaMumifh --/

(NrdKUolBuD; atmifausmfZH)

( 208 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ordkif;ocFef;pm
(odkUr[kwf)
tzdk;½kyfqdk;uAsm
&cdkifrSm rif;tp
rm&,ku qif;oufvm
rif;qufrsm;pGm pdk;tkyfcsKyf
rif;usifhr,kwf [kwfrSefpGm
"nma0om y&defNcdwf
twDtwdwf acwfrsm;pGm
pnfyifom,m *kPfrn§dK;
udk,fhtrsdK; apmifha,Smufum
&cdkifawZm [kef;[kef;awmuf
b*Fgtaemuf (12) NrdKUrSm
b@mzl;arQmf ylaZmf&
&cdkif½dkUu pdk;tkyfydkif
jynfBuD;r@dKif urÇmod
ordkif;t[d *kxdwdkif --/

Ak'¨"gwfrGDZmwDrsm;
oQifawmfudk,fpm; xm;[dum
aemufxyfpOfvm ,dkifaus;rI
yef;&Hyef;yk pHktnD
ausmufqpfyef;csD Zmr,Sm;
taxmuftxm; pHktvif
*kPftifvu©Pm 0Dqm>yef;
qD;usrf;"gwfusrf; pHknDnm
armfuGef;ausmufpm xift&Sm;
pnfpnfum;um; [dvD&m
waxmifw&m av;q,fajcmuf
xD;eef;aysmufvdkU uRefjzpfaw --/

odkUaomfuRefjzpf vHk;0rcH
&cdkiftrsdK; Zmwdrmef
Adkvfcsif;jyef wyfudkpD;
&cdkifoGD;jzifh awmfvSef&m

( 209 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
nDnmuif;uGm rpnf;vHk;
ysufpD;qHk;yg; vm;ca& --/

waxmifw&m oQpfq,fudk;rSm
t*Fvdyf tpdk;&udk
&cdkif"nm ZmeDzGm;
rif;om;&TDbef; atmifausmf&TD
ponfxdkxdk &cdkifrsm;
&J0efUpGefUpm; awmfvSef&m
avQmufom;vif;jyef pH&azGu
azmufjyefcvdkU ysuf&jyef --/

waxmifoHk;&m jynfhonfESpf
&cdkifukvm; ppfjzpfum
*syefrmpwm 0ifvma&muf
jynfolaemufukef; t&DcGm
jynfolrsm;rSm rcHr&yf
nDñGwfñGwfñGwf awmfvSef&m
*syef,kwfrm cGD;NyD;0ufNyD; --/

vGwfvyfa&;BuD; &aomtcg
&cdkifygwD &wn
jynfe,f&zdkU tvIcH
wcsdKUaxmufcH zqyv
pm;Muzm;u twefwef
odkUaomf MumMumrcHc
ae0if;tpdk;& wufvdkUvm
OmPfopfBuHzefum
jrefrmvrf;pOf qdk&S,fvpf
jynfolrBudKuf jcpfjcpfyl
i&JrD;odkUql --/

cGD;½l;aumif;pm; wrdk;x
0J,m; rqv
wcPESifh ysufusa&
tzwfqnf
t&nfr& --/

( 210 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

wcgrSm; rSm;uwfvD
trSm;ESpfcg jynfoltjypf
OmPfrsufpdESifU Munfhuwfyg
pum;csdKom r,HkyguJh
aumufauGUvdrfnm
r,HkyguJh --/

y&d,m,fESifh tuGefaqmif
oHk;zefvSudk a,Smif
tdkatmifrqif;&J --/

(88) aemufydkif;rSm
qE´rJu xyfay:vm
EdkifaomygwD tmPmrvTJ
jynfaxmifpk rNydKuJGa&;
wyfrawmf rNydKuJGa&;
vlrsdK;a&; &Sdwef;wif
apmif;uef;rsufrjrif
bk&m;yv’ifpifxufu
rsufvHk;jyL;jy vQmxkwfjy --/

'DyJ,if; ta&;tcif;rSm
uHaumif;axmufrpGm
atmifqef;pkusD roDraysmuf
csufcsif;axmifxJa&muf --/

wGif;csKyfcifñGefU olUcrsm
tvdkawmfvnf; rjynfhEdkifAsm
axmifeef;rSm pHumanmif;
jrefrma&TxD;aqmif; --/

rdk;aumif;wkef; &Gmxm;yg
&moDOwk omom,m
rsm;rMum rD;awmifayguf
oef;a&T 'kef;aygufaqmuf --/

( 211 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vGwfvyfa&;udk wdkufaomcg
nmPfynmESifh wdkufuwfyg
Avudk;um awmxJwdk;
0g;wkwfvnf;csdK;
oGm;ikwfusdK;
tzdk;t½kyfqdk; --/

(yk*¾dKvfwOD;)

yef;jrwfoZif
yef;jrwfoZif yef;oZif
oZifay:p
ESif;0D0Dau ewfawmfv --/

NydKif;awmifausmfvrf;
carmif;yifrSm oZifyef; --/

qGwfcDqGwfcD
r,fESrrSm oZifyef;ukd
yef&pD --/

ESryefcsif
ysKdwkdif;BudKufaw yef;oZif
r,fMuifarmifa0 wufvdkUqGwfau
&ca& --/

yef;yGifhoZif
r,fha*gif;xufrSm vSvkdUyif --/

w0ufukdyef wwefaemifusKd;
jrwfpdaEÅav anmif&nftkd;rSm
tjynfhxkd; --/

armifESifhESr
oZifyef;ukd t&if;wnf

( 212 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
armifr,fESpf0
tcgwef oBuFefvrSm
aygif;&ygpD

qHawmf&Sifav - apwD&if;rSm
qkawmif;vDav - qkawmif;vD --/

&ckdifuRef;&GmuAsm
(&SmazGwifjyol cdkifaZ,s)
(&Sif) udk (Rhun) [kzwfyg/

yefcsifol
&ufjywf
vSnfhrMunfhyguJh/

arQmfol&ifusdK;atmif
oa&mfpGmvm/

rif;rsuf0ef;u
&ifudkvef;pDvdkU
awmf0ifyef;udkrS
vufvSrf;qGwfcsif/

yef;jrwfoZif
tmumwGif ,dkif,drf;vdkU
BudKifrTD;a& toQif/

a&TwlaiGwl o&zljzpfvdkU
cspfvGef;&Muif/

(armifrSef)

tcspf&wk

( 213 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

omMunf,k,
raysmf&onfMumvSNyD toQifhom;
t&TDonfyef;ESifhwlpG
pE´mjzLonf
BudK;Mumr,fxufylí
wMuLMuLvGrf;½kw
armifaMumifhylqm
rcHomonf
rsm;pGm0#f'ku©wnf; --/

yljcif;vSonfBuD;íay
OD;a*gif;xdyfjyif
vufpHkwifau
uRefvQifuefawmhay\ --/

aMumif;jcif;ppf rSmvdkufrnf
p~uúmydkifom;
arhoufxm;onf
&TDem;wzefwnfavmh --/

&Sdu0,fukodkvfa[mif;
bk&m;pdaE´
jrwfAka'¨rSm
anmif&nfyef;omavmif;í
qkyefawmif;jyKcrnf
Mur®musKd;puf
'gezufau
rysufopömvG,fí
þvlUjynfþXme
armifESifhtwl
awmif;qk,lau
ESpfqlaygif;azmfMuí
atmf - wlwuGonf eDpdkifwGif
tvS,ifh,l
cspfolom;zcifvnf;
0D;&yfcGifonfwdkif;wyg;

( 214 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
olUwdkif;jynfudk
vm;onfþaMumif;vQm;aMumifh
tdk 0rf;enf;onf pm;aomufrNcD
nnfhESifhedonf
ajcmufq,faygif;em&DwGif
vGrf;ouf0Dn§dK;ESr
urfzmcdk;xl
rdIif;rdIif;vlonf
ESpfqleDESifhvudk
awmifhwbd eDpdkifwGif
tcspfrNyD
armifhouf0Dau
'gvDarmifyef;yifudk
vGefMunfñdkonf
vludkrajym
cspfawtm;udk
arvQif0rf;wGifxm;\ --/

N*dK;vSñdk &TDiSufr
ednrqdk
awmNrdKifñdkrSm
zdkudkvGrf;½dkUwí
edn0,ftjyefjyef
em&DcwfwGif
armifhudkwGufusjyefum
auomqH aoQmiftHk;vHk;
yef;uHk;rqif
qDrysifau
arvQifjzpfeDyg\ --/

ESvHk;onf pdwf0Dqm
eHomqDBudKif
uwdk;½dkifvnf;
ESrudk,fESifhuGmí
armifaMumifhom pdwfqdk;npf
ywif;ñdkau
vDcsdKovGefomu

( 215 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
idkpdwfjzpf eDpdkifcg
OMozdk;acgif
ukuúavmifau
0ga&mifusL;jrnfvmvnf; --/

woBuFefvGefvDajrmuf
tdk - &wkwzef
&moDjyefau
0óefrdk;OD;a&mufí
awmifajrmuf&yfoQpfrsufESm
pdrf;jrñdk0D
urfzmNrDrSm
&DvQiftD;jrjrESifh
tif;tdkifxJzm;rsm;pGm
rpJtoH
wMuHMuHonf
0óefrdk;udkac:í
xuftmumbHkw½dk;
BuD;vStoH
wnHnHau
½HkvQif[pfumBudK;í
wNzdK;NzdK;oGef;usvm
0óef&moD
rdk;OD;csDaomf
awmifvDzsL;umumESifh
arvQif&ifvHk;tD;
e*&pfawmifa,mif
0if;vif;ajymifonf
r,furaysmfbdvnf; --/

wa,mufwnf; arhwudk,f
[dvwfraemf
pufawmfac:au
aruraysmfvdkvnf; --/

wa,mufwnf; vHk;csif;om
cef;rq,fawmif

( 216 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wdkufcef;aqmifrSm
armifhudk,fudkrTDíprf;
armifudk,fiGd
rwGdaomcg
ar½dkUrSmau
wHkpGmwcsrf;csrf;ESifh
w,Edk;Edk;MuufoD;0Sef
ylyefaysmif;ys
armifhudkwau
tvS&ifvHk;EGrfí
rdk;aomufjyefxwHkaomcg
AdrSmeftdrfem;
yef;pHum;onf
opfzsm;tcufrSmum;
iSuf&TD0gau wwGwfwGwf
]a&mufysm a&mufysm}
Mwif;jimau
usL;umerdwfzwfí
jrnfwrf;&Gwfonf iSuf&TD0g
ednr[l
armifhcspfolav
arjzLMum;vDygu
t*,ifhom [kwfpEdk;
cspfrdk;pHkvif
&moufMuifonf
t,ifarmifa&mufzdkU[k
vGrf;pdwfjzpf eDpdkifwGif
yÍöifwl&d,m
ESJc&mau
nDnmwD;rIwfusifí
vGefaysmf&Tif vltrsm;
ZaMumhuNcD
½kyfrsd;pDau
tnD,dk;',m;ESifh
obifrsm;yJG&H&m
vufzsm;udkcsD
olUouf0Donf

( 217 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
udk,fpDom;ESifhvmí
rdaysmfjim; zoufESH
armifZHylqm
zudk&Smau
NrDrSmvSL;umjyefí
wMuHMuH idkvdkufvwfu
tvS,ifh,l
arjzLpdwfylqmvnf; --/

ajymp&m qdkrwwf
rGD;rdcifrSm
&ifudkxkaxmif;owfí
zcifwGufrnfaMumifh
rGD;artoufyif
oDvQifawmhrnf[lí
tloJNcD wHkvdkUcsd
qD;0g;*gxm
r&omaomf
jyif;pGmavmifonfhrD;udk
apmifhxdrf;onf Nidrf;oufatmif
apwemau
rdwÅmqGrf;jzifhavmif;í
(yDaysmuf )

wdkif;&yfNrD rpädr
rdbXme
a&mufvwfaomcg
ESpfyg;armifESH
q&mhxHrSm
0yfpif;avQmufawmif;yefí
aZw0efjrwfausmif;awmf
vkwfvyfNyD;cg
wdkif;oljynfom;
aumif;rIzufau
rdwÅm&Dpufcsí
rokrf'&DNrDapmifhewf
abmfoQifrewfvljA[®m

( 218 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aumif;csdrfhjyKau
ewfvlomxk ac:pDaom0fvnf; --/

(&Sda[mif;yDy&ydk'frl)

uRJ*kwfyD
vnfvm;uRJ½dkU
uRJr&mvnf; ]]*kwfyD}}
yifv,fem;rSm om;w&GDeefU
]]*kwfyD*kwfaygif;}} tvkyfaumif;udk
jrufaumif;yD;rnf
a'wv,fudk nufatmifvm;au
vnfvm;uRJ½dkU vm;uRJ½dkU/

v,fawmxJrSaumufeif;oH
cHk;wdkifcHk;wdkif wvHk;wdkifav
cHk;wdkiftMum; ]]xdyfuGufar}} udk
tv,fxm;vdkU
vm;&mu vnfvnf
vnf&muav vm;vm;
atwv,fudk nufatmifvm;au
vnfvm;uRJ½dkU vm;uRJ½dkU/

(udk,fawmfoDv0Ho aus;ZkjyKonf/)

*kyÜDrom;
uRJr&mav*kyÜD
ckH;wdkif&if;rm om;w&GDeefY
*kyÜDrom;
eydkif;armifudk

( 219 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
twdkif;xm;au
vm;av;uJR½kdU
vnfav;uRJ½dkU/

jrufaumif;yD;rnf
y'kef;&mavoG,foG,f
cGgacs&mavykyk
eifhxdyfjyifav
xdyfjyifvSrm
N*dKESpfckeefY
tvkyfaumif;au
jrufaumif;yD;rnf
&Daumif;&mrSm
&Smysmwdkufrnf
odGodGzHkzHk
NrDwvif;rSm
tdyf&rnf/

usKyfrsm;uRH
tif;'ifvSrm
vl;&pDrnf
wvif;vnfau
vnf&mav; uRJ½kdU
vm;vm;/

½dk;rr*¾Zdef; trSwf (4)

ylqdylqm
udkif;vDudkif;vdkif;
opfudkif;xufrSm AsdKif;
AsdKif;um;ZmzdkUem;½Hk
ig;jrifvdkU em;a&&m --/

( 220 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ig;uZmzdkU ay:½Hk
&DaemufvdkU ay:a&&m --/

&DuZmzdkU aemuf½Hk
uRJpdrfvdkU aemufaw&m --/

uRJuZmzdkU pdrf½Hk
ydk;udkufvdkU pdrfa&&m --/

ydk;uZmzdkU udkuf½Hk
rdk;&GmvdkU udkufaw&m --/

rdk;uZmzdkU &Gm½Hk
zm;atmfvdkU &Gma&&m --/

zm;uZmzdkU atmf½Hk
>rDrsdKvdkU atmfa&&m --/

>rDuZmzdkU rsdK½Hk
ylqdylqm reDomvdkU rsdKa&&m --/

(Adkvfrif;axmifrS Zrf;uAsm)

&Davmif;uwfrnf
(cGef;awmuf)

wESpfwcg oBuFefus
½dk;&mrysuf aysmfuwfyga&
uvdkUckefvdkU aysmfuwfygrnf/

wef;cl;rSm oBuFefusau
ydawmfa&T0g zl;vdkUyGifha&/

yef;ydawmufu wvdIifvdIif
r@yfwdu tNydKiftqdkif/

( 221 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

tNydKiftqdkif vSa&ya&
&cdkifoludk wGdjyefvwfaw/

(&cdkifol) 3 wrlxl;a&/

wrlxl;vdkU armif½dkUMuifa&
ESpfa,mufwlNydKif &Davmif;uwfrnf/

(avmif;uwfrnf) 2
tvdk avmif;uwfygrnfav;/

(pmqdkwOD;)

woufvHk;aygif;rnf
(&cdkifcGef;awmufwrsdK;)

yef;ydawmuf w0D0D
zl;yGifhpD&D [djyefvwf
twmoBuFefyJGudkv
qifETJuwfrnf wlaysmfaysmf/

r@yfxJu tysdKpif
rdwÅm&Dpif avmif;ygvdkU
a'ESpftwm yJGrSmv
toJepfatmif avmif;rnf/

cspfoltvS &cdkifhwefaqmifudk
armifarmif&Dpif avmif;csifvdkU
r@yfwumu vdkuf&Sm&
acR;jypfjypf usa&/

t*krS wGd&pGmudk
rdwÅmapwem xm;ygvdkU
cspf&Dpifwaygufudkv
oGef;avmif;vdkufyg/

( 222 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

cspfolavmif;a& jr&Dpif
toJb0if tD;yg,ifh
t,ifht,if aygif;&pDaMumif;
qkawmif;vdkU avmif;yg/

cspfoltvS ysdKunm
rmpDompDaMumif;udkv
tudkarmifarmifBuD;rSmvnf;
qkawmif;vdkU avmif;a&/

r@yfu udk,fhcspfoludk
ysdKarmiftrSef rSmcyg,ifh
udk,fh½dk;&m ,dkifaus;rIudk
toufyD;vdkU xdrf;yg/

trsdK;oDv apmifholudk&m
rdwÅmapwem xm;ygvdkU
tMuifemzufumrQ
woufvHk;vnf; aygif;rnf/

pmqdkwOD;
(15/03/74)

tz&cdkifjynf
(cGef;awmuf)

taemufrSm b*Fvm;
(t&SdrSmum; ½dk;rawmif) 2

b*Fvm;atmf us,fjyefUyga&
½dk;rawmifBuD; rdk;xdjrifha&/

½dk;rawmifESifh yifv,fqD;
&cdkifjynfBuD; vGefBuD;us,fa&/

( 223 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
½dk;rawmif umvdkUqD;au
rdk;oD;rdk;ayguf &GmoGef;NzdK;a&/

yifv,fjyif rcrf;odrfhau
&cdkifqdkpGm [dygvdrfhrnf/

½dk;rawmifBuD; [dodrfhau
&cdkiftrsdK; raysmufodrfhav/

txufxufu &cdkifjynf
0ajymvdkU vGefBuD;us,fa&/

bk&ifrsm;pGm tkyfpdk;vdkUav
acwfaygif;rsm;pGm xGef;um;ca&/

pmyD*Dw xGef;ca&
ordkif;oufoD tm;vHk;[da&/

yef;&Hyef;yk pHktvif
vufwGdrsufjrif [dygodrfha&/

&cdkifjynf &cdkifjynf
tzufzufu wdk;wufca&/

&cdkifjynfudk i&dkUydkifa&
&cdkifNrDudk i½dkUqdkifa&/

&cdkifjynf om,matmif
i½dkUOD;aqmif BudK;pm;uwfrnf/

&cdkifjynf om,mzdkUav
i½dkUnDnm BudK;pm;&rnf/

nDnmatmif om,matmif
(tvdk) BudK;pm;uwfygrnfav;/

(pmqdkwOD;)

( 224 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(11/3/75)

pdwf½l;a&
rdk;rif;ñdk
r&Gmwcsuf &Gmwcsuf
aMumif;ysufawav/

armifvlysdK
rvmw&uf vmw&uf
pdwfysufawav/

acsmif;jzm;&D acsmif;&Dwxl;
tnmcGifudk r0ifzl;au
jzm;½l;a&av/

n&DwvD nOfh&Dwxl;
armifvlysdKav
arhtdrfaMumufudk r0ifzl;au
pdwf½l;a&av/

aumufuvD aumufuavmuf
aumufuvD aumufuavmuf
MumjzLtif;ESifh Mumñdktif;rSm
ig;oHk;aumifudk AHk;axmif,lcD
cGwfzdkU0Dau rnDygbJ
tjzmjzmav oHk;jzmuJGvdkU
vdkif&TJarmifvS
arhqifNcDudk rNzDbJESifh
rxGuf&/

aumufuvD aumufuavmuf
MumjzLtif;ESifh Mumñdktif;rSm
ig;oHk;aumifudk AHk;axmif,lcD

( 225 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
cGwfzdkU0Dau rnDygbJ
tjzmjzmav oHk;jzmuJGvdkU
vdkif&TJESr
tmumjynfrSm eDESifhvav/

(emrnfrod pmqdkrsm;)

arwjynf armifwuRef;
t,ifucg
Am&meoDavrif;BuD;/

a&Torif
tm;wifvdkufau
awmeufuvGef
vl0HavrESifh
taMumif;qHk
jiif;cHk&mvnf;rvGwf
ezl;pm
ygonfh0wfudk
cRwfruRwf,m/

arum;wjynf
armifum;wuRef;
jrpftv,f
ydk;jcnfwef;a,mif
pmurf;uwfrnf/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

wrf;vTJZrf;
w&D;&mwaysmf pufawmfac:au
armifawmfvmEdk;

( 226 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
unmysdK ñdkar½dkUrSm
pdwfqdk;a&vm;/

wcGef;ac:au atmfatmf&TDem;
ESpfcGef;ac:au atmfatmf&TDem;
armifac:oHav x&Hem;rSm
rMum;vdkUvm;/

nOfYeufodkifacgif wdkifrSmarQmif
tarmifZmua&mif/

o&ufyifñdk &Guf&dyfcdk
vlysdKaygufp wef;vTJu/

eysdK;&mavwyif *&if&mavwykwf
ESif;rdk;&Gm vDrokwfau
qifykwf&yfu tkdESr/

ausmufp&pfau wef;wif
vD&TifauoGwfoGwf
ysdKar&D jyifpdkifjzwfvdkU
&Dcyfau xGufvm
bl;yGifh&H MumwHbufudk wJGvdkUyg/

cGgavarmifa,
vljrifau &Sufawrcsd
bl;yGifh&H
MumwHbufudk &Twfygzd/

ausmufp&pfau ukefbkwf
uif;rGefaxmifav eDa&mifrxdk;
cspfawarmif vmrnfvrf;udk
&TDxD;rdk;rnf/

c,if0g;&Snf c,if0g;zsm;
tqpfacsudk NzDvdkUxGif;
pHn§if;au ykvD

( 227 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vufq,facsmif;eefU ajcmufacsmif;csD
ykvDpHausmf
ar½dkUeD tdrfawmifzufu
rIwfysmac: emaysmfa&vm;
arhtoHudk wyfwyfau Mum;a&/

ar½dkUtdrf rD;vHk;vif;vdkU
cspfawarmifrSm r0if0HhbJ
jcHem;au a,mifvdkU/

ykvDausmf toHMum;au
ysdKoufESHrSm eDvdkUrjzpf
cspfawarmifudk vmcsifvwfaw
rajymcDuJh/

armifoufESHrSm vmcsifyg,ifh
ar½dkUtdrf vlwdrsm;vdkU
rvm0Ha'/

,if;ydkifqdkau armifoufESHudk
jrifcsifauvJh
ysdKoufvS,frSm rjrif&au
eDvdkUrjzpf
yaZmifysifau aumif;vdrfhrnfvJ/

armifoufESHrSm 'ku©wGda&
arhtazmf wa,mufa,mufudk
pmESifh&GD;vdkU yD;zdkUxnfhvdkuf/

*kydkifqdk armifoufESHudk
rjrif&,m/

aMumifhMupdk;&drf rjzpfvDuJh
eDrif;0if nZmapmif;rSm
ykvDoH waMumfaMumfESifh
ar½dkUtdrf awmifzufem;rSm
armif[deDrnf/

( 228 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rSwfvDay&m/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

qefarmif;eif;a&
ar½dkUrSmav aysmfyg;uwfrnf
vHkysdKarav/

t&G,fcsif;csif;? &TJUomjcif;ESifh
vrif;pE´m? avmif;&dyfomwGif
aysmf&mwaMumif;
ar½dkUrSmav azmftaygif;ESifh
qefarmif;eif;a&/

onf;NcDpdrfha&
Zmwf&TJUaunH aysmfyg;oHudk
Mum;jyefvwfau
armifvlysdKrSm onf;NcDpdrfhau
Nidrfha&av/

jyefr&Twf
wcGef;ac: tdkav&TDem;
ESpfcGef;ac: tdkav&TDem;
oHk;cGef;wufrSm
armifac:oH
nHnHMum;vdkU
bk&m;xl;a&/

bk&m;qdk tvdkr[d
w&m;qdk tvdkr[d

( 229 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ykacsqdk tvdk[d
ac:rdpGm&m/

vyaumif;,m awmufvD,m
vm&mvmvwf
jyefr&Twfyg armif;armif/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

a&mufvmvdrfhrnf
carmif;oHk;Budrf aus;oHk;Budrf
oH*vdrfoHk;qifh
awmrSm0Dau qifa0yGifh
iHk;yef;yGifh,m/

,if;ydkifcsdefcg
xD;udkudkif
&GmpdkifavQmufvdkU
a&mufvmvdrfhrnf/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

tqHk;pGef
0JvDysHvD oH*vD
ysHvDiSufcg;
udkif;a[mif;usdK;vdkU
udkif;opf&Sm &ygzdkUvm;
arpdkif;pm;/

tqHk;pGefau
vufyHa,udkif;rSm
em;zdkUusa&/

( 230 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

usrsuf&nf
vjymodk
cGmñdkyGifhopf
armifvlysdK
arrcspfau
a0;ypfzdkUvm;/

armifvlysdK
arrcspf
a0;ypfaomcg
wZmZm idkcgrsuf&nf
usrsuf&nf
qnfr&vdkU
armifvSoufESH
ysdKarmifpH
a0,Heef;rSm -

b,fudkudkav b,fudkapmif;vdkU
b,fapmif;rsuf&nf/

nmudkudkav nmudkapmif;vdkU
nmapmif;rsuf&nf/

oayghzsm - rGd&mxufrSm
wHbufjzL - ,lumtkyfvdkU
udk,fokwf&a&/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

qkawmif;a&

( 231 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&rf;jAJrmefatmif
ausmufjzLoHwJG
peJ&Gm ac:onf&yfrSm
apmrJusD wnfa&"gwfudk
zl;uwfcDrnf/

qDrD;wwdkif - ESpfa,mufudkif
ysdKifwaygufrSm - ESpfa,mufxdkif
wlNydKifn§dvdkU - qkawmif;uwfrnf/

qkraumif;
zsufawmif;uwfrnf/

yef;rpif
zsufwifuwfrnf/

raumif;MuH
zD;&efrIudk jyKcvdkUvm;/

yef;rpif
wifcvdkUvm;/

qkraumif;
awmif;cvdkUvm;/

iSufarmifESH
ysHum0J
usdrfqJvdkUvm;/

olU&nf;pm;
cJGcvdkUvm;/

oem;zG,f ykacsarESifh
a'ba0
a'b0rSm raygif;&au
aemifba0

( 232 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aemifb0rSm aygif;&vDa,mif
jrwfpdaEÅ xHawmfyg;rSm
qkawmif;a&/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

&TDcdkifjynftvGrf;
EGD&moD
*dr®mef&mvnf;ajymif;vdkU
waygif;&mavcsdeful;
&Gufa[mif;n§m<uD
&Gufopf0Dau
EGD&wkrSm
ysdKEkvnf;om,m
a[r0grSm
0Jum&mvnf;usD;iSuf
oD;csufyGifhcsuf wBudKifBudKifeefU
*Edkif&mpHkprf;
eDñdkñdkau neDcsrf;rSm
ysHoef;usD;iSuf
waMumfaMumfau
ac:EIwfqufvdkU
Z&Gufauavwref
wnHnHau ac:oH&mvnf;rpJ
'dk;'dk;av'kef'kef
Edk;Edk;Ekefau zdk;acgif&mvnf;usL;ausmf
armif½dkUaysmfau
&TDcdkifeef;udk
vGrf;rpJzG,f yka,/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

( 233 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
r,feefUarmif
txufrSm&mav oHjzL
atmufrSm&mav ysdKifcsyf
tv,fa*gifrSm rSefabmifoyfvdkU
aAm"yfausmif;rSm
tyGifhrSm&mav 0g0g
tn§mrSm&mvnf; rJrJ
yef;rpifudk wifoDcvdkU
r,feefUarmifrSm raygif;&bJ
uJG&a&vm; yka,/

a'b0D a'b0rSm
raygif;&aomfvnf;
aemifb0D aemifb0rSm
aygif;&vDatmif
w&dpämef trSef&mvnf;pifppf
iSufvDvDav iSufyifvnf;jzpfjim;
armifum;N*dK;bdk
r,fum;N*dK;r
wvif;&mrSm 0Jumusau
pm;&ygpD yka,/

w&dpämef trSef&mvnf;pifppf
EGm;vDvDav EGm;yifvnf;jzpfjim;
woQdKif;wnf;xGef wjcHwnf;EGm;
wcHk;wdkifrSm csdKifumxm;au
pm;&ygpD yka,/

bk&m;ay:au uHhaumfawmodkU
r,f,if,if r,f,ifaomfvnf; r,fapmifheDa0?
armif,if,if armif,ifaomfvnf; armifapmifheDrnf/

qDrD;&mav wwdkif
yef;wcdkifeefU ysdKifwcsyfrSm
ESpfa,mufxdkifau wlNydKifavmif;vdkU
qkawmif;uwfr,f yka,/

( 234 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(ausmufjzLe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

Zrf;zJGUuwfrnf
touf&Snf vSar½dkUESifh
em;rvnf racs½dkUESifh
a'&ufqHk a'jyif0ef;rSm
Zrf;zJGUuwfrnf/

ausmif;yg;uawmif a&Tausmif;awmif
zdk;acgifBudrfvHk;
wpdwfum vlroHk;au
tjrHKrav/

vD,if,if qm;jyifprSm
,ufoJhabmif udkifumxdk;vdkU
ig;,dk;a&vm;/

w&uf&Sm eyfpmrjynfh
xdk;a&uGefcsm
ykZGefjzL arrpm;vdkU
N*dK;om;&SmcD/

ñGefUq,fyif wyifjywf
armifvufcs,m yka,/

opfc0yf&mvnf; yGifhjzL
rtl&mvnf; yifzsm;
tudkif;acsrSm
iSuf0gem;au
&nf;pm;[dvm; yka,/

MuufoGefyif toQifrJh
iSuf[oFm ysHum0J
&nf;pm;r[d/

( 235 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

oJaomifoJaomif a&ToJaomif
oJaomifxdyfrSm
AsdKif;a[mufauydkif idkufvdkU
wref;jyif ig;udkacsmif;
&aMumif;rjrif acsmav/

acsmif;zsm;ykpGef
vdr®mcH
ykZGefvdr®m
AsdKif;tpm/

armifESifhar
twlwl
vlcsif;uJGvdkU
pdrf;um;a&vm; acsmav/

yifeef;&dyfcdk vSarysdKau
&,fcsdKjyHK;jyHK;
oGm;oEÅmudk yk0gzHk;vdkU
rsufvHk;y&d,m,f
cspfzG,fajymvdkU
pum;csdKa& yka,/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

armifjyefzdkU,m
rdk;vif;Mu,fBuD;
a&mifjzLvm xGufcgeD;vdkU
MuufBuD;vnf;wGef
rdk;aomuf,H
armifjyefzdkU,m/

armifvm;a&cg
qHauom NzDumavQmhvdkU

( 236 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uefawmhvdkufyg/

uwdk;wdrf pdk;&drfaESmif;vdkU
raMumif;MuuJh/

N*dK;acsMuL
rylvDuJh/

iSufawmfxdk;
rn§dK;vDuJh/

usD;ueftm
r&SmvDuJh/

OMoarmif
zdk;acgifwa,mif rwvDuJh/

cspfawqdk ysdKESrudk
rSmca&aESmif;/

ESpfacsmif;csD AGDacs,SufvdkU
&ufoayghrSm
&TDrsufawmif tomrSdwfau
tdyf[dvdkufyg/

tdrfaemufqdk armif;umatmufu
artdyf&mudk arQmfumMunfhvdkU
jyefvSnfhvm;,m/

ESpfacsmif;csD AGDvD,Suf
&ufoayghrSm
&TDrsufawmif tomrSdwf
rtdyfEdkifyg/

rwGdvD& rjrif&vdkU
um;½kyfyHk q,fpHkcs
½lya'0g ewfxHxHav

( 237 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wljyefcau
i,fucspfaw cspfarmifarmifudk
BudKufr0yg/

(&rf;jAJe,frSm Zrf;uAsm)

rSmvdkuf&pD
arhocifrSm Muif&moufxm;
cspfawol jzLacsmacsmvdkU
udk,fh&nf;pm;udk
rcspfqdk rvdkvdkUvm;
rcifyHk r,Hkpm;vdkU
rtyf0Hhvm;/

rcspfqdk rvdkr[kwf
ysdKara,rSm a&Tudkvdk
*kPfudkrufvdkU cspfyga&vm;
a&Trvdk vludkrufvdkU
cspfyga&vm;/

a&Tudkrvdk *kPfudkrruf
artydsKrSm vludkrufvdkU
armifvlysdKudk ,HkvdkaMumif;ESifh
awmif;xm;zdkU,m/

r,Hk&a& ,Hk&a&
pum;<u,fau [kwfrnfESr
rdr®OmPf 0uFEÅudk
aMumuf&yga&/

vSvlajymif armifukoESifh
½ly0wD OHK'@DrSm
yHkoDwcsuf
cspfuRrf;0if Muifolvufudk
ausmufrsufpdefysH

( 238 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
a&Tjynfwefudk tyfESHzl;aMumif;
&SdxHk;yHk ed*kPf;a[mif;udk
axmufqa,Munfhyg/

yHkjya& ,HkzG,fpum;
½lyr,fav olUvufMum;u
ykPÖm;OD;,l toJqlAsm
pdwfylrqHk;
udk,fvdk&m &wemuHk;udk
tqHk;a,csvdkU
ukoarmifrSm jzpfyHkaMumif;u
aumif;,ifhvm;a,/

raumif;&m z,fuma,xm;yg/
ab;ua,yg;vdkU
udk,fh&nf;pm;udk tyfxm;cyg/

*½kPm rdwÅmoufyg
pHkrufaomfvnf;
&SufpzG,f a&TaiGtyfvdkU
wa,mufar ysdKarppfrSm
rjzpfEdkifyg/

cspfawa,mifa,mif BudKufa,mifa,mifESifh
t*a,mifhrSef {uefusu
aemufudka,qkwfvdkU
r[kwfrrSef
taumufOmPf 0uFEÅrSm
ysdKara, tu,frSwfvdkU
wywfauusa&/

tvSrÍÆL o&zl
jrifoloJpJG
rufrajy oufa&TcJudk
rcJG0efUyg/

ajr§mufa&yifha& ajymwwfaw

( 239 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vlvnfvlaemuf
vluRrf;0if vlyifaygufvdkU
taumufudkMuH
cJrSefzl;a& pmoli,f
&G,f½HkESifhvefU
vSr,fysdK aemufudkwGefUvdkU
rcspf0efU,m r&,m
vufomcszd
olrsm;,l vufylwdkufysm
usefvdkufywfpD/

toufxyfwl rjiLpl
MunfjzLoJpJG
cspfawol jzLykvJudk
yD;ygvwfrnf
oem;cspfcif
rdwÅm0if MuifESrudk
pdwfcs&pD/

pum;qufqH vufrcH
zDqefjiif;vdkU cspf,ifhESifhyif
artysdK &vdka&;ESifh
ajymrdpGm&m
arhocifrSm rSefudkudk;vdkU
pdwfrqdk;uJh/

odkifacgifvnf;vGef Muufvnf;wGef
armifjyefzdkU,m
arpdwfauomatmif
y'kef;ausmf vDac:aygufu
armifrsufESm xGufcgiHkUvdkU
jyHKUjycrnf/

ykqdk;a,uGufjym uGufw&m
jcLjcmowfvdkU
eysdK;yifudk pkefvDowfau
rdk;vif;ywfpD/

( 240 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

tm½kPfwufvm a&mifeDvmvdkU
vl&mav xp
cspfawarmifrSm toa&&atmif
jyef&zdkU,m/

jyefrnfqdk ysdKa,ESr
cspfawarmifav
qHpñdk ysdKa,ru
rSmvdkuf&pD
neD&D eDqDa&mufatmif
vm;ygvD/

(&rf;jAJe,frS Zrf;uAsm)

uRJausmif;om;
ruúvma,½kdif½kdif
Budrfom;wkwfukd? eaemif;ukdif
u,kdifuyg;
ESif;NrKdifNrKdif? awmifusKdifMum;rSm
uRJausmif;vm;a&
([l; a& a& [l;)

tpfukdryg? nDryg
Budrfom;'kwuf kd? eaemif;ukdif
u,kdifuyg;? ESif;NrKdifNrKdif
awmifusKdifMum;rSm
uRJausmif;vm;a&/

axGawmifa'awmif? acsmifajrmifwvTm;
ykd;ypkdif;oH? nHoGm;oGm;
awmoHvDoH? rqlnH
ESif;oHajzmufajzmuf? yaygufazmufokdY
Mum;&a&/

( 241 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aMumifawmifaj*mif
eufajymifcavmif;
awmb,HrSm? omNidrhfanmif;Asm,f
Mum;&a&av Mum;&a&/

(emrnfrod pmqdk)

Adkvfrif;axmifrS &yf"avh &Gm"avh Zrf;uAsmrsm;

azmfuJGiSuf
Oa'gif;BudK;Mum
[oFmazmfuJG
jrpfv,fa*gifrSm
waumifwnf;/

&D[if;ceDyifysdK
&D[if;ceDyifysdK
&D[d&mrSm &SifzdkUvdk
armifvnf;vlysdK
ar[d&mudk vm;zdkUvdk/

aumufvDaumufavmuf
zufoa&mfief;acs
aumufvDaumufavmuf
wa,mufarudk
vdkufíawmuf/

ppHkppd
tarmifZmcg jrifcD½Hk/

( 242 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

pum;cspf
eysdK;&GufrSm
eDa&mifvnf;xdk;
ar½dkUjymau
pum;½dk;/

eysdK;&GufrSm
uGrf;csdKEG,f&pf
armif½dkUajymau
pum;cspf/

ra';&if;xl
ra';&if;xl
w&ulcGHyg;
awmrSmaygufaw
c,if0g;/

c,if0g;rSm &Drsm;a&
wa,mufarrSm
Zrf;rsm;a&/

c½kacsZif;uvdef
c½kacsZif;uvdrf
tdkifem;eD
tdkifeDtdkifem;
c½kacsudk
vlaumufrsm;/

arvnf;Zif;uvdrf
vrf;em;edrf

( 243 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vrf;edrfvrf;em;
arwa,mufudk
vlzsufrsm;/

armif½dkUESH&m
acsmif;wacsmif;rSm
ovJuyl
&Dvnf;ql
ig;ydk;ig;om;
ig;rsm;Zmaw eDrvJ/

ig;ydk;ig;om;
ig;rsm;eD&m tdkif0ef;rSm/

&wfazmufvdkif&G,f
"g;acscg;xdk;
&DBudKifacsmif;rSm
xxdefUBudK;/

armif½dkUoufvHk;
Zmawaw&m ESHrvJ/
armif½dkUESH&m
arbm;rSm/

(&wfazmuf - aoeyf)

ancgrcg; BuD;rmcg;
ESEGif;rrsm;
&D;oQif,mrSm
&mj*efUcg;/

ancgrcg;

( 244 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
BuD;rmcg;
tcg;&DoD wGifrnfvm;/

t&D;oQifrSm
jrifa&&ifoGD;
yef;ESifhwlau
ñdkarxGD;/

ancgrcspf
BuD;rmcspf
tcspf&moD wGifarvm;/

udk,fcsif;pm
N*dK;udkrdwåm
r[dyg/

pmudkroem;
NcHKyifxufrSm
ESJwHxm;/

N*dK;bdkrus
N*dK;rus
vTwfcDvTwfcD
*kvTwfcD/

vTwfcDZmzdkU
tqpfvnf;wdk
&mN*dK;ñdkudk
udk,fcsif;pm
rdwåmxm;au
oem;vdkU/

armifvHk;csif;

( 245 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

rdk;r[dau
tmum[if;vif;
xufwcGifrSm
wdrfñdkcsif;/

arr[dau
&ifcGif[if;vif;
&yfBuD;vnf;om
&GmvnfxJrSm
armifvHk;csif;/

acsmif;zsm;rdk;
rdk;&dyfrjrif
rdk;oZif
&Gma&wcsdKU
acsmif;zsm;rdk;&m
[dvDzdkU/

0wfopfrqif
udk,frysif
vSa&wcsdKU
olU&nf;pm;&m
[dvDzdkU/

aruHqdk;
N*dK;racs aygifusdK;
rD;avmifjyifrSm
Op½dk;/

ar½dkUuHqdk;
rkqbdkESifh

( 246 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jim;p½dk;/ /

NyHK;yZm
opfykyfywum
v,frSmaygufau
NyHK;yZm/

NyHK;yZmikwfaumif;
tv,favmufrSm
acguf,macgif;/

acguf,macgif;wGif;
usD;rif;vnf;O
&mzdk;acgifeefU
usD;uef;vk/

arvnf;tacs
EIwfuajymau
rdwåmyga&/

aygufqdefvnf;yJh 'g;vnf;,JGU
wNAHKNAHK
pnfoHwMum;
ESrESifharmif
&yf0D;xm;/

artMum;ESifh
armifhtMum;rSm
awmMuD;qD;/

'g;ESifhaygufqdef
*k,lcD/

( 247 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
,if;awmwef;udk
NzdK&pD/

aygufqdefvnf;yJh
'g;vnf;,JGU
vufzsm;owfum
woufvHk;rSm
udk,f&mem/

a'wESpf
ausmufovif;jzL
ausmufwHjzL
NrDjzLbk&m;
jryv’ifrSm wifvdkUxm;/

zl;ygcsifol zl;ygcvdkuf
ausmufjzLbk&m; a'wjzpf/

Muifygcsifol Muifygcvdkuf
usD;pm;&GmrSm eifharmif&if;um;
a'wESpf/

uHomvrf;
aAmxd&GufoGifoGif
anmif&Guf0ef;0ef;
armif½dkUvmau
uHomvrf;/

uHomvrf;rSm
jzm;&Djywfpyf
wa,mufarudk
&Da,mifrGwf/

( 248 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

wwHyef;yGifh
yef;wyifrSm
wwHyef;yGifh
ckefumqJGvnf;
&aMumif;rjrif
yifyef;p&m
wa,mufarrSm
xifrdAsm/

wpdkifvHk;rSm
wa,mufxGef;vnf;
Muifygcsif,ifh
&aMumif;rjrif
yifyef;p&m
wa,mufarrSm
xifrdAsm/

vufcJGwif,mh acsmqif;,mh
ausmufp&pfacs oGifoGif
oJjzLpifudk
vufcJGwif,mh
acsmqif;,mh/

wa,mufarudk
cspfvnf;cspfcsif
rdztdrfu wptif/

a'b0rSm rcspfyg&
bk&m;&SdrSm qkawmif;,mh/

xdkb0cg bk&m;&SdrSm

( 249 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
qktwlyif rawmif;c½dkU
arESifharmifrSm
a'b0rSm uJG&pGm/

cGgoQifrvTwf
rIdif;p&D oHk;yif
cGgoHk;pif
cGgpifyNyd
,mcif;xJrSm
cGgrsm;[d/

cGgBuD;ocif
cGgoQifrvTwf
awmifcysif;rSm
rysHwwf/

arBuD;woQif
aroQifwa,muf
rdbtdrfu rvTwfygwwf
cspfol[d&m ra&mufwwf/

yNyd - yjynfh? tjynfh/

yDawmifausmfvrf;
uif;o&ufawmif
yDawmifausmfvrf;
carmif;yifrSm
oZifyef;/

qGwfvnf;qGwfcsif
wa,mufarmifu
wptif/

( 250 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

0g;eefUcsdK;vdkU
r&odrfhyg/

oZifyef;um;
xuftmumrSm
psmefeefUrsm;½Hk/

ESif;jzLvnf;rIef
eDa&mifvnf;xdk;
oZifyef;rSm
wtm;n§dK;/

a,vnf;wcg
wa,mufarmifrSm
yefr,fvnf;rSwf
urfzmarBuD; xdatmifau&
<uDvdkUvnf;us
,if;cgwcsuf
wa,mufarmifrSm
yef&zdkUa0/

EIwfrSmopöm vQmrSmuwd
wufpl;wvTm
psD;rSmcsau
Muufz0g/

Muufz0gudk
rD;ausmif;pG,feefU
opfcGgcGufrSm
usm;pG,fcsDajr§muf
xuftmumrSm
rdk;BudK;ausmuf/

oGD;wcGufudk ESpfcGufysif½dkU

( 251 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
EIwfrSmopöm vQmrSmuwd
a'opöm tjrJ[d/

oHcHk;wdkif
ausmufwdkifusdK;vnf;
usdK;ygywfpD
a'opöm vHk;0rNzD/

vHk;awmfBuD;
&if0av;awmif
aZmufoQpfawmif
a&mifawmfzGD;zGD;
oQpfaomif;odrfrSm
vHk;awmfBuD;/

wESpfwcg
wvwacguf
ESrESifharmif
zl;aZmifa&muf/

bm;ZDarxGD;
aomif;'&m;0,dkif
ZrÁLo&uf
armifhO,dkifrSm
cufcsif;,Suf/

rpm;vdkau
usD;acsZmzdkU
armifhO,dkifrSm
0Jvm½dkU/

t&D;oQifrSm

( 252 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jrifa&&ifoGD;
yef;eefUwlau
r&D;xGD;/

rMuifvdkau
armifudkZmzdkU
bm;ZDarxGD;
qifvm½dkU/

avmif;aumif;Zmaw oQdKif;arvJ
bm;p&Dvdkifusif
iSufqifNydKifavmif;
armif½dkUcGwfau
oNyDavmif;/

wufvnf;wufopf
armif½dkUcGwfau
yESJESpf/

vuform;aysmfawmf
armif½dkUavmif;rSm
wusdyfausmf/

wauGUudkavSmf
warmfudkoef;
arhqdyfem;udk
&atmifzrf;/

avmif;aumif;Zmaw oQdKif;rnfvJ
avmif;aumif;oQdKif;&m
&DvQifaumif;au
tdkif0ef;rSm/

bm;p&D - iSufwrsdK;emrnf/
vdkifusif - vdkifrSmtrDT;r[d/

( 253 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

N*dK;racsvdkifNyD
N*dK;racsvdkifNyD
opfudkif;xufrSm
MuL½dkUeD/

MuLa&ZmzdkU
&Daomufiwf½dkU
MuLa&avmf/

tpmiwf½dkU
MuLa&avmf/

&Daomufiwf½dkU
MuLjyefa&um;
ausmufqpfwef;wif
acsmif;i,ftdkif0ef;
arh,mNcDESifh armifh,mNcDrSm
wwkwfaomufau
&ifvHk;csrf;/

,if;rSmvm;vdkU
0atmifpm;cD
armifuvTwfaw
&mN*dK;NyDav/

tpmrGwfvdkU
MuLjyefa&um;
aumufajymufq&D
qvDpyg;
awmifwef;ysif;rSm
wifvdkUxm;
,if;rSmvm;vdkU
wawmufpm;cD
armifuvTwfaw

( 254 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&mN*dK;NyDav/

areefUarmif
armifvnf;tacs
wq,fhig;ESpf
q&mausmif;rsm
pmoifqdkuf/

pmwef;eefUcsdKif
pmwefeefUowf
waygufrsuf&nf
armifhcE¨mrSm pD;vGef;a&/

arvnf;tacs
wq,fhig;ESpf
rdtdrfxJeefU ztdrfxJrSm
,dkifoifqdkuf/

,dkifBudK;eefUcsdKif
,dkifpifeefUowf
waygufrsuf&nf
arhcE¨mrSm pD;vGef;a&/

ydk;y0g
vdkifrSm&pfywf
arhrsuf&nfeefU armifhrsuf&nfudk
okwfumyGwf/

rsuf&nfESpfaMumif;
twlaygif;
oQpfaomif;uk#D
wurfzmrSm wnf&pD/

,dkif - ,ufuef;/
urfzm - urÇm/

( 255 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

aysmfyDaysmfyg;
AsdKif;jzLw&GD
aysmfyDaysmfyg;
acsmif;om,mrSm
ig;&Smpm;/

ig;udkvnf;jrif
rpm;yg&
AsdKif;olanu
azmfudkw/

arvnf;w&GD
aysmfyDaysmfyg;
aZw0efau
jrwfrGefausmif;rSm
toQifjrwfudk
zl;aZmifvm;/

bk&m;udkvnf;jrif
rzl;yg&
aZw0efau
jrwfrGefausmif;u
armifhudkw/

arhvuf&m
t0[if;&m
tzsm;NyDavmif;
e*g;azmifau
&DBudKifacsmif;/

&DBudKifacsmif; w'gvm

( 256 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aumif;pm;cgu
ESrESifharmif
pnf;waygufrSm
twlxdkif½dkU/

&DBudKifacsmif; w'gvm
raumif;pm;cg
ESrwjynf
armifuwuRef;
ckESpfuRef;ESifh
av;uRef;p~uúm
vm;vD&yfESifh vmvD&yfrSm
arhvuf&m/

vuf&mudkjrif
arha,mifxif
armifyifpdwfwdk
arhvufpudk udkifvdkUidk/

arr[dvnf;
ar[dwufpm;
arhvuf&mudk
b@mxm;/

w'gvm - w½dk;/
b@mxm; - taygifxm;? tpm;xdk;xm;onf/

Zrf;rwdkuf
icHk;iNyD
ukef;csif;pD
iNyDwufaw
rjrifvm;/

uGefoD;ryg
uGefom;&m

( 257 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uGefom;,ifvnf;
ausmufiNyDudk
csKyfrjrJ/

rpm;vdkau
pm;arpifppf
icHk;cg;udk
csD;rypf/

t&D;oQifrSm
jrifa&&ifoGD;
yef;eefUwlau
r&D;xGD;/

rMuifvdkau
Muifarpifppf
tacscsif;rSm
Zrf;rwdkuf/

armifrsuf&pf
&uúef;um;&TD
&Grf;um;rTD
pdef,if,dkifoGm;
ywåjrm;udk aiGuGyfxm;/

ESyfudkvnf;csD
anucspfudk wGuf&cD/

0gudkvnf;cs
anucspfudk cGrf;wdkif;w/

&Grf;oD;cHau
waygufrsuf&nf
arh&ifjyifrSm
pD;usa&/

( 258 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ydk;yk0geefU
okwfumcP
yGwfygcvdkuf
tanuyif
armifrsuf&pf/

pGef&Jñdk
rsufpdceD
tNcDpif;,if;
opfudkif;xufrSm
N*dK;om;jyif;/

rD;uif;wif;wdk
pGef&Jñdk
tmumwvyf
wdrfwxyfu
N*dK;udkrsufpd
uscDrd½dkU
awmifzsm;½kwfum
N*dK;vif;jymudk
xdk;aZmifvm/

tbkdwudkif; oef;ca&/
trwawmif ausmfca&/

t&mwcg
t&mwacguf
N*dK;vif;jymudk
aygif;&zdkUyif
armifrxif/

jrwfrGefausmif;

( 259 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

aumuf½dk;½dk;NcD
aumuf½dk;eD
aumuf½Hkvnf;jywf
tjynfjynfESifh t&Gm&GmrSm
0gvnf;uRwf/

&ufra'gif;vdkifcsdKif
Muufc&if;udk b,fuudkif/

armifuatmifoG,f
vTwfvdkufrnf/
aruyJGwif cHrnfvm;/

aruyJGwif
rcHjim;vnf;
ykwfBuD;waxmif
ydkifa&bkef;BuD;
aZw0ef
jrwfrGefausmif;rSm
*dkPf;tkyfMuD;/

oQifreDarmifoQif
yef;Zif;vkyfvdkU
aZw0ef
jrwfrGefausmif;rSm
eDvDzdkU/

oQifreDarmifoQif - ckESpf&ufoQif/

ewfqifayguf
tESarmif;oHk;awmif
ukef;ajcmufawmif
ukef;awmfqifrGef
a[v0Pf/

( 260 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ESarmif;wefudk
NrDrSmvnf;axmuf
udk,fudkajr§muf½dkU
vGrf;a[mif;udk,fhjynf
udk,fh&yfxu H dk
jyefvdrfhrnf/

oem;olau
oQifolyifjzpf
ewfqifaygufudk
csefxm;vdkuf/

rdr®acsudk ewfqifaygufeefY yHkEdIif;xm;ygonf/

arñdkxGD;
pG,fawmfacguf&rf;
em&Dyef;
'ef;yef;jzLpif
yef;yifxufrSm
yGifhrHkqif/

yGifha[mif;udkypf
yGifhopf,lrnf
yef;yifatmufudk
armifa&mufaw/

t&D;oQifrSm
jrifa&&ifoGD;
EIwfoHcsdKau
ñdkarxGD;/

t½kyfqdk;vnf;
qdk;ygywfpD/

( 261 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vufzsm;,liif
wouf&ifcGif
wifvdkufcsifa&/

armifh&ifcGifrSm
xdkifygcvdkuf
tanuyif
armifpdwfBudKuf/

rxdkifvdk
aroQifvnf;uDR;
armifh&ifcGifu
xvdkUNyD;a&/

arhrSmcspfol
Muifolr[d
wa,mufarrSm
vmzdkU&ma0/

rDT;a&ZmzdkU
yef;yGifhaxmifaomif;
O,smOfomrSm
yef;taygif;/

yef;yGifhyGifha&
O,smOfomrSm rDT;BudKifa&/

ZDo0g usuf½Hk;
yef;*rHk;
&mrcswå&m
yGifhjyefvmau
O,smOfomrSm ZDo0g/

ZDo0g usuf½Hk;
yef;*rHk;

( 262 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oZifyGifhjzL
yifwdkif;vHk;rSm
rDT;vdkUMuL/

yef;rsm;yGifha&
O,dkifomrSm rDT;BudKifa&/

rDT;a&ZmzdkU yef;teHU
rDT;a&ZmzdkY vDnif;aqmifvdkU/

rDT;a&ZmzdkU
yef;yGifhaurSm&m axmifaomif;
O,dkifomrSm yef;taygif;/

yef;yGifhaurSm&m yGifha&
O,dkifomrSm rDT;BudKifa&/

ZDo0gaurSm&m usuf½Hk;
yef;*rHk;
&mraurSm&m cswå&m
yGifhjyefvmau
O,dkifomrSm ZDo0g/

ZDo0gaurSm&m usuf½Hk;
yef;*rHk;
oZifaurSm&m yGifhjzL
yifwdkif;vHk;rSm rDT;vdkUMuL/

yef;rsm;yGifha&
O,dkifomrSm rDT;BudKifa&/
rDT;a&ZmzdkU yef;teHU
rDT;a&ZmzdkU vDnif;aqmifvdkU/

rSwfcsuf/ / qdkyHkqdkenf;jzpfygonf/

( 263 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

usdEå&D
vufzsm;acsmif;acs
yGwfwwfaw/

ñdka&oQifr
vlUZmcGifrSm
ewfxufvS/

t&SdMunfhvnf;
t&SdwzHk
t&Sdzufu xGufaweDeefU
a,mqGwfwl/

aemufjyifMunfhvnf;
aemufjyifwzHk
taemufzufrSm v0ifyHk/

aemufjyif&Sdjyif
udk,fjyifcvHk;
aemufqHxHk;rSm
jryef;uHk;/

raemf[&D
wkoDwmrSm usdEå&D/

psmefudk&½dkU ysHvwfpGm&m
vlUjynf&yfrSm
armifhcspfolydkif
r[dyg/

ar½dkUtdrf
r'nf;oi,f

( 264 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
w&ul uefaxmuf
vufcsuf ukef;NzD
ar½dkUeDau
oHk;xyftdrf/

pif;ykef;vnf;wif
tjcifvnf;csdK;
xef;jzLvSeefU
yDjzLvSudk ESif;umrdk;/

atmufw½dk;udk
ysdKifpDxdk;/

tv,fw&pf
ZrÇwfopf/

eDaumif;omzG,f
ar½dkUtdrfudk
t0D;uyif jrifvwfaw/

tdrfudkjrifvnf;
r0ifyg&
eifharmif&if;rSm
Zm0dbuf/

nOfhav;ydk&f
Zl;a0aygifwif
vufysdKif&[wf
tawmifzsm;rSm
oHpl;wyf/

wywfudkyif
rrdTvdkufcif
tom;cñdk
armifysdKvSudk

( 265 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&yfapmufjrif/

b,fuprf;vnf;
wGdvkvk/

nmuprf;vnf;
wGdvkvk/

oayghpGefau
Murf;pGeftdrfjrwf
wa,mufarmifudk
prf;vdkUoyf/

a'gufjcLa'gufjcL
N*dK;a,mifvnf;MuL
usD;uef;a,miftm
wa,mufarmifudk
rsufpd&Sm/

nOfhav;ydk&fau
wydk&frsufpd
wa,mufarrSm
rtdyfrd/

yef;n§mazmfau &tHkUrnf
vufpGyfcAsm
b,fu0wfau
pdefa,mif;,m/

ig;cgESifhyif
q,fcgaysmufvnf;
aysmufygywfpD/

cAsmqdk;udk
rpdk;&drf/

( 266 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

ar½dkU&Smau
cAsmqdk;udk
yefn§mazmfau
&tHkUrnf/

t&D;oQifrSm
jrifa&&ifoGD;
uuGyfMunfhau
ñdkarmifxGD;/

ig;cgESifhyif
q,fcgjyKwfvnf;
jyKwfygywfpD/

armifwa,mufudk
rpdk;&drf/

,if;xuf½kyfeD
,if;xuf½kyfvS
ar½dkU&Smau
&cdkifwdkif;u &tHk;rnf/

cAsm - BuD;owåK/
yef;n§mazmf - yef;uGufazmfonf/

nOfhodkifacgif
awmeufau NrdKifv,f
*sDacsvnf;a[muf/

wa,mufarmifrSm
arhudk&mvGrf;/

nOfhodkifacgifrSm
a,mifum,rf;/

( 267 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(armifrSef)

NydKifavmif;oHusyfBuD;
udk;pdwfudk;vH udk;yif;uef
usifoefwd&m wufysmpD;vdkU
r[mavmif;BuD;xGufvdkUvm/

ZrÁL'dygvuf,muRef;rSm
xGef;a&eDv yHkyrm/

owif;aMunm emrnfBuD;vdkU
NydKifavmif;OD;pD; q&matmif/

olu&Sdaqmif vrf;ñTefjyvdkU
NydKifavmif;0rf;r yif;uefrSm/

&SdaemufnDnm eD&mpdatmif
vlpdwufpd xdkifNyD;au/

OD;pD;q&m csa&wufeefU
rysufruGuf nDnDnm/

&Dyef;zGmatmif wufudkqJGvdkU
w[kefwnf;eefU xGufvDcg/

NydKifavmif;yJGrSm q&mxGef;u
&yfapmufxvdkU &SdudkarQmf/

olUvufpJGawmf xdkwufrudk
jrm'ifxufu eaemif;udkif/

r,drf;r,dkif vSDrapmif;atmif
jzajzmifhwwef; udkifvdkUvm
Zmolwcg NydKif0HhzdkUvJ/

( 268 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

tyJGyJG ETJvdkUvm
,HI;a&qdkpGm ig½dkUrod/

EdkifzdkUzufu aotcsm
tvH,lum jyefzdkUNydKifavmif;/

(wef;cdk;q&mxGef;)

&cdkiftrsdK;apmifhuwfvD
jrpfr&DoH wnHnH
zcifac:oH yHkodkUr,Gif;/

ar,k ewfjrpf ukvm;wef

av;NrdKU&DoH 'l&d,mtvm;/

rmef[kefjyif;onfh jrpfnDaemif
nDaemifESpfazmf ac:oHrpJ/

&marmifjrpfBuD; &DpD;oH
&cdkifom;rSef Mum;oifhyg,ifh/

av;NrdKUav;jrpf av;0wD
edrdwftnD odif*Da&Teef;/

yef;awmifoHk;NrdKU cGifcavmufqdkif
a0omeDvm ausmufyef;awmifNrdKU/

a0omvDESifh "n0wD
ajrmufOD;yk&def txift&Sm;/

ausmufvSum;NrdKU aomif;xdkufausmf
avmif;MuufarmufolZm bF*gq,fhESpfNrdKU/

trf;ESifh'v rsm;tdrfNcD

( 269 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
udk;uk#D ordkif;t[d/

tmumysH0J NrdKUoHwJG
av;awmif&rf;jAJ nHrpJ/

av;NrdKUurf;w0uf rif;XmeD
pnfum;vDa& MuufysHrus/

NrdKUausmufawmfESifh NrdKUrmefatmif
xif&Sm;jynfaxmif t*kxufxd/

rif;aumif;rif;jrwf rif;XmeD
"n0wD aomif;xdkufausmfMum;/

rm&,kpE´ uH&mZm
oD&dok"r®m rif;&mZmBuD;/

rif;'DCESifh tavmrmjzL
apmrGefrif;yg xif&Sm;yg,ifh/

rif;zavmif; 0dZ, 'ó&mZm

owdk;rif;Am rif;carmif;pdk;rdk;/

&cdkifjynfBuD; vGefom,m
pmqdktausmf rGD;&mXme/

0drvESifht"lrif;ñdk
rdñdkOuúm ok0PÖxif&Sm;/

ynmausmfESifh u0dtacgif
rD;½I;wef;aqmif yHkodkUtvm;/

{tHomjcif; t&JGUrSm
0D0Dqmqm &GwfvdkUrqHk;/

omjcif;aw;jcif; &wk&uef
q&mxGef;{uef pyfcyg,ifh/

( 270 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

oMuFef&ufjrwf a&mufvwfau
bk&m;&DoyÜg,f wD;uwfrIwfuwf/

tqdktu qqlnH
t&Gm&GmrSm vIoHrpJ/

ausmif;0d[mrS jyefvwfau
r@yfrsm;pGm wnfuwfaqmufuwf/

r@yfxJrSm NydKifavmif;wif
&cdkif&Dobif wrlxl;jcm;/

ESpfa,mufcsif;yif &DuZwfEdkif
&cdkifhoMuFef xHk;pH"avh/

udk,fh"avhESifh udk,fh½dk;&m
apmifha,Smufuwfyg &cdkifom;½dkU/

½dk;&mxHk;wrf; rxdrf;au
&cdkifrsdK;EG,f aysmufuG,frvJG/

&cdkifEG,fzGm; raysmufatmif
0dkif;0ef;&Gufaqmif &cdkifom;½dkU/

&cdkifjynfBuD; pnfyifatmif
pkaygif;&Gufaqmif &cdkifom;½dkU/

&cdkifjynfBuD; wdk;wufatmif
tuRef½dkUrSm wm0eftjynfh/

av;0wDzGm; rsdK;&cdkif
vufwJGcdkifcdkif pkuwfa0;uwf/

av;0wDom; pkpnf;um
nDnDnmnm pkaygif;aqmif&Guf/

( 271 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pkaygif;aqmif&Guf [drS&m
tz&cdkif ompGompG/

&cdkifjynfBuD; omygpD
yef;oNyD anmif&DoGef;avmif;/

twm&DeefU avmif;NyD;au
usef;rmygpD qkawmif;qkawmif;/

q&mBuD; OD;omxGef;
1972 - 73 wGif &GD;pyfpDuHk;onf/
rSwfcsuf/ / oHusyfi,ftrsdK;tpm; jzpfygonf/

oQpfaomif;bk&m;oHxD;wif &cdkifoHusyfBuD;
arm&yAÁwm aovmausmuf
b*0gZde a&mufaomcg/

jA[®mewfvl ylaZmfuyf
jrwfpGmAk'¨ jyHKUawmfrl/

pG,fawmfav;ql oGm;awmfaygif;rS
eDarmif;ñdkjr a&mifajcmufoG,f/

wdkif;jrwftv,f jynf"nrSm
xdefvif;awmufy ul;,Sufvm/

&mZmol&d,m pE´mrif;rSm
o'¨gjyif;jy yDwd[kef/

vufawmfpHkudk xdyfrSmrdk;vdkU
&Sdcdk;0E´e avQmufvDcg/

Ak'¨jrwfpGm Asm'dwfyef;udk
qifjref;pHkruf OD;wifcsD/

( 272 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
"n0wD XmeDwdkif;[k
ordkif;emr Asm'dwf[m/

rsdK;jrwf&u©m pdkifvmxGef;
MuiSef;wnfaqmuf pdk;pHvm/

jynf"nm awZmxl;
ajrmufOD;&TDeef; a&mufaomcg/

rif;jrwf&mZm ausmfowif;eefU
rif;bmrif;jrwf pdk;awmfrl/

xD;tqlql ydkifumcsKyf
cRef;ES,ftkyfvdkU uwkwfcH/

OmPfjrwftrGef ynm[d
u0demr jrwfq&m/

OD;jr0g ñTefumjy
XmeoD&d bkr®dNrD/

rsm;AdkvfNcD oQifvlaygif;½dkU
aumif;rI'ge jyKaomcg/

&efatmifaZ,sm bJGUrnfyD;
ykxdk;awmfBuD; jrwfrGDawmf/

oQpfaomif;oQifawmf ausmfowif;
ZrÁLaomif;wGif; xGwfr@dKif/

r,drf;r,dkif wnfum[d
Ak'¨m"dywd ig½dkUjynf/

ajcmufyg;a&mifjcnf NzdK;<u,fawmuf
xufatmufteEÅ puú0g/

zD;rsdK;,Sif;uGm uif;pifbd

( 273 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rkedAk'¨ tm&[H/

ousZdeH O'dóudk
ylaZmf&[ xD;awmfvI/

wdkif;om;jynfol oQifvlaygif;½dkU
aomif;aomif;om"k [pfatmfum/

ylZylZm *g0&
0E´emr OD;xufwif/

Ak'¨toQif udk,fawmfjrwf
xD;awmfuyfvdkU vGefoyÜg,f/

wdkif;jrwftv,f jynf"nrSm
o*g0& ukodkvf[kef/

yGm;rsm;jynfhpHk xyfumavmif;
tEÅ&m,faygif; uif;0D;uGm/

udk;q,fhajcmufjzm emr[d
ewf&Gmtwd vGefpnfyif/

&[ef;oQifvl a0ae,s
rsm;pGmowÅ tD;csrf;pD/

av;&yf0wD rmpDaMumif;udk
usrf;a[mif;armfuGef; pmtqdk/

rlve*dk&f ydkr,Gif;
rsm;vlcyif; odvDatmif/

&u©wdkif;abmif "nmxGef;u
pmñTef;pDuHk; yD;vdkufaw/

rsm;jynfol oQifvltaygif;
aomif;aomif;om"k ac:uwfvD/

( 274 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

om"kom"k ac:uwfvD/
om"k om"k om"k/

1956-57 ckESpf oQpfaomif;bk&m;oHxD;wif&mwGif

oHxD;udk oabFmqdyfrSBudKívmpOfqdkaom oHusyfBuD;/
q&mBuD; OD;omxGef; &GD;pyfpDuHk;onf/

&cdkifbk&m;oHusyfBuD;
(tpaysmuf)

awmif;qkyef,l &Sdola[mif;½dkU
o'¨gñGwfaysmif; apwem/

vlewfwum udk;uG,frIudk
apwD"gwk wnfíay/

umvMum&Snf [dacsvwfu
t*FawZrÇwf rcdkifyg/

tkyfcsyfrsm;pGm ,dkumxGufvdkU
NydKumuJGtuf [dcg0,f/

qufqufMuHpnf udk,fhjynf&yfrSm
udk,fomrcRwf jyKoifhay/

*grBuD;us,f ]]ewGif}} &yfu

o'¨gxufjruf edAÁmefaqmf/

]]OD;jrwdk;}} ac: vly@dwfrSm

b&memyDwd apwem/

ñGwfaysmif;o'¨g Munf&Tifyí
r[mukov aZmpdwfoef/

( 275 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
a&TjynfedAÁmef MuH&G,fanmif;vdkU
o'¨gaiGarmif; wD;acwfaqmf/

&yf ]]aomif;acgifarmf}} &Gm*grwGif

vSL'gykn ukovH/

ednrusef MuH&nfqvdkU
o'¨g&Tifyapwem/

]]OD;vSxGef;abmf}} wdkufpma&;ESifh
aygif;azmfzufwJG jyKNyD;ocg/

]]acgif;avmif;wdkuf}} ac: NrDt0Srf;rSm

]]e&rf;}} *gr &yfXmae/

"ea&TaiG tvGefyGm;
v,f,muRJEGm; pyg;qef/

*g,AdrSmef pHrnD;atmif
NydKif;aowdkifBuD; NrdwfNrdwfaxmif/

jzLysdKifaxmif rSefywif;eefU
>cD&Hoif;yif; jynfhpHkpGm/

uH'g,um trnf&
xifay:emr ]]ausmfxGef;jzL}}/

aygif;azmftwl usefvlrsm;eefU
wdkifyifESD;aESm jyKNyD;oum/

"gwkXmyem apwDjrwfudk
t*FawZrÇwf o&GwfrH/

a&Tbdrf;vdrf;usH a&mifvQHnD;
xuf,HBuD;yef; qifNyD;aomf/

xdkrSwcg odrfawmfBuD;udk

( 276 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rdk;,HedOD; aqmufvwfrnf/

wdkifyifMuHpnf NydKif;aorsm;udk
0,fumpkxm; NyD;aomtcg/

ysufjym;apwem o'¨gqkwfvdkU
acGcGmy,fjzKwf xGufvm;a&/

acgif;avmif;wdkufe,f usefvlrsm;½dkU
nDnmBudK;pm; jyKpDrH/

jyó'fbHkysH odrfwaZmif; (wefaqmif;) udk

MuHpnfpkaygif; aqmufaomcg/

]]pyg;xm;}} ac: &Gm*grwGif

ac:wGifemr ]]OD;aygufqdef}} /

Opömpnf;pdrf *kPfowif;eefU
EdkifiHtwGif; vGefausmfnm/

ausmif;'g,um &GmolBuD;rSm
acrmc&D; jynfedAÁL?

awmif;qkyef,l MuHa&qvdkU/
Opöm"e o[aqmif/

ojymrsm;ajrmif waxmifusyfudk
odrfawmfjyó'f aqmufvkyf&ef/

vSL'gef;aumufcH oHjzLrdk;vdkU
yef;pHk½kyfrsdK; pDcs,fum/

aqmufvkyfNyD;aomf NcDawmf&if;rSm
or@vif; cif;íay/

aZmif;wef;ooG,f tkyfavSueefU
tHzG,fqef;jym; wHwdkif;&H/

( 277 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

eD&yfomv,H &Duefrsm;eefU
xlaxmifBudK;pm; NyD;atmifjrif/

yJGvrf;obif NcDawmf&if;rSm
pDrHcif;usif; jyKNyD;oum/

aumif;csdrf;r*Fvm MobmjyK
ewfvlomxk aomif;aomif;ac:/

q,facsmif;[w¬m yefxGmrdk;
&Sdcdk;vdkUyg/

&u©yla& a&Tcdkifwdkif;rSm
ordkif;armfuGef; xGef;vif;jzm/

ajcmufoG,fa&mif0g -----/

(aemufw&GufrSm)

(------)
&,f&Tifay:yg; qdkp&m?

pD;uHk;yD;yg awmif;yefûyvdkU
qifNcD0w¬K t"dyÜg,f/

þyJGawmfv,f a&mufvmMu
a,mufsm;rdr® taygif;vl/

aomwESpfql emomrIudk
uRefawmf,ck qdkjyrnf/

&SduwDaw vGefvD&Sdu
pdaE´Ak'¨ vufxufawmf/

t0ef;udk;&m r@vwGif

( 278 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wdkif;BuD;e*& 0ajympnf/

uko'dE´ar jynfXmerSm
edZkrif;*gr eDaysmf&m/

0*Farac: Zeyk'frSm
toufrGD;rI Murf;MuKwfpGm/

pE´rDac: trnf&
rsdK;vkwåu rkwfqdk;ausmf/

ZeD;Muif&m arZmueefU
cspfpzG,fwluG tdrfaxmifwnf/

umvjrifh&Snf [dacsvwfu
tdrfolZmu b&d,HrSm/

*rÇmudk,f0ef oaE¨&vdkU
ed&ufq,fv pdaomtcg/

orD;oJcsm pDw&udk
vl½dkUbm0 zGm;oefUpif/

txufaumif;cif wdrfpifvodkU
½kyf&nf½ly vu©Pm/

ig;yg;t*Fg jynfhpHkvS
a'0pä& yHktES,f/

ewf\rsdK;EG,f yrmvm;odkU
rdbESpfyg; vGefcspfcif/

ykcuf{,if wifvDMu
trnfemr rdqm0g/

rdbESpfazmf bJGUawmfyD;vdkU
aumif;pGmvkyfauR; rGD;jrLav/

( 279 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(aemufw&GufrSm)

(--------)
Oa'gif;arm& jzpfc,fhay/

oufawmfoQpfq,f jynfhjyefvwfu
tocFw NrdKUod0Sef/

a&TjynfNrdKUawmf pHvGefjyKaomf
vdkif½dk;"gwk wnfvdr®nf/

oHk;vkpdaE´ a&T*rkwfjzifh
tmvkwf>ruf[ rdefUc,fhrSm/

ordkif;tvm [kwfrSefwdkif;udk
rus,frusdKif; xHk;yHkoG,f/

0w¬K"dyÜg,f eDa'oeefU
ñTef;umazmfjy pmvuFm/

&wkuAsm pDumuHk;
qifNcDed*Hk; csKyfNyD;oum/

ESpfaygif;jrifhMum &Sdola[mif;½dkU
rdGaysmfpHanmif; þ"gwfawmf/

uGefUjrL;a&mif0g zl;arQmfwGdí
raemaysmfrGd yDwd0if/

*Grf;qDxdoGif yPmrodkU
o'¨g&Tify apwem/

pkaygif;nDnm tkyf*lausmif;½dkU
MuHpnfqkawmif; jyKNyD;oum/

( 280 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
"gwkXmyem apwDjrwfudk
o'¨g½dkñGwf qnf;uyfay/

edAÁmefa&Tjynf MuH&nfanmif;vdkU
qkawmif;uwfvD/

vufyHpdkif
vufyHpdkifrSm
Z&ufacs &DpGwf
tawmifacsudk
bkef;bkef;cwf/

oD;wHudkcsD
yGifhwH>cDcs
vufyHpdkifrSm
rudk ,av rudk ,/

(emrnfrodpmqdk)

a&mufrarmif
uHYaumf0wfqH
&GmawmifOD;rSm yGifhvSmjyef
a&mufrarmif rvm,mvm;/

armufolZm 'g*gw½dk;
ppfxdk;cDrnf ajymca&u
uefYaumfyef;vS r,fYqHprSm
olpdkufcav
olpdkufc/

(emrnfrodpmqdk)

( 281 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

yGifhacsodkuf
tbBuD;0g0g
awmif&if;uRef;u
jrif;pD;vdkUvm/

tboDwm
ig;BuD;azmf
rif;½dkUzrf;vdkU&rnfvm;/

&TDausmufzsdKifrSmvnf;
ywåjrm;/

aiGausmufzsdKifrSmvnf;
ywåjrm;/

ywåjrm;oHk;q,f
rsuf&nfoHk;cGuf
om;udkvdkcsif
&ifcGifwif
om;acsZmavmuf
BuD;ysmvnf;/

ausmufom;vHk;avmuf
BuD;vD,ifh/

*vD*vD
ausmif;uefabmifwGif;
tif;tem;rSm
cwfíeD/

*vDvnf;cwf
igvnf;wwf
yef;pdauacsarmifoQif
armifausmf&Tifu
0g;udkrxD

( 282 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
0g;pdwfudkxD
EJGUvDEJGUvifh
&vD,ifh/

q&mawmfOL;pE´m0& (uG,fvGef) aus;ZkjyKygonf/

pdkif;wifewfomjcif;
rdk;aomuf&mvnf; pkefvD
ESif;rdk;pDau
neD&mvnf; &rf;ayguf
vDcsdK0ifau pdkif;wifacsmif;rSm
ESif;jyajymuf/

pdkif;wifrarmif ]]&mrsdK;atmif}}
pdkif;wifrarmif ]]MumxGef;atmif}} av
ewfarmifa,mufsm;
vDcsdK0ifau pdkif;wifacsmif;rSm
EGm;ausmif;vm;a&/

(rqHk;ygodrfh)

b*Fvm;a'csf &cdkifr[m;pdk;a'ou&aom ewfomjcif;wydkif;wpjzpfygonf/

qHk;cef;wdkifatmif &SmazGazmfxkwfuwfyg/
udk,fawmfoDv0Ho (rmvzHkq&mawmf) aus;ZkjyKygonf?

owdk;atmifewfomjcif;
owdk;atmifav
ewfarmifa,mufsm;
auovmav
MuyfpifuRef;rSm
rGD;vdkUzGm;a&/

( 283 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oMum;NrD;jzL
pdwfvnf;wl
r,lNrD;cspf
&TDausmif;awmfrSm
tvdkvdkufau
yef;rked jratmif
abmifrcspfau
owdk;atmifav
ewfarmifa,mufsm;
&Guftkyfjrñdk
zm;NydKuRef;rSm
rGD;pyfxm;a&/

BuD;oQifawmif
&marmifewfum;
&ifEdkUrwdkuf
vGrf;vdkUMuifau
abmifoQifrrSm
vufEdkUwdkufaw/

vufoef;vuf<u,f
vufprÜ,f
vufv,fr<uif;
NrD;vSarmifav
'dk;atmifpdkUau
vufEdkUxGufaw/

&Guf&dyfcdk
zm;NyKduRef;rSm
rGD;pyfaw/

w0if;0if;au
yvdkUvmau
pE´mvrif;
xufaumif;cifrSm
&m[kuif;
tvif;vnf;a&muf

( 284 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
NrD;vSarmifav
'dk;atmifewfudk
ausmif;udka&mufzdkU
jrBudK;oG,f
pdefykcufrSm
tdyfygNrD;acs
BuD;oQifawmif
&marmifrrSm
NrD;acsmha&/

xdkifwwfau&m wGm;wwf
wef;udkifwwf
&yfwwfjzpf,m
NrD;vSarmifav
'dk;atmifudkum;
&TDprÜ,f
rda,rSmum;
awmwef;qdkau
xdkonfuRef;rSm
0g;wef;vnf;wif
awmwef;cGif
&Tifonf&yfrSm
tvm;oifa&/

xdkifwwfwGm;wwf
wef;udkifwwfau
&yfwwfjzpf,m
abmifrarmifav
'dk;atmifrSmum;
vm;wwfysm/

'dk;atmif*sifayguf
t&G,fa&muf
BuD;ajrmufvDcg
oHk;vdIifqdk
0gqdkausmif;rSm
ausmif;xm;a&/

( 285 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

pmrwwfau
owfvdkUoifyg
oHk;vdIifqdkau
0gqdkausmif;rSm
earmAk'¨,
t,ifjy
oHk;q,fhoHk;vHk;
oHk;oifykef;
wvHk;rusef
aZw0efav
jrwfrGefausmif;rSm
pmtHa&/

'dk;xdk;oHeefU
*sifaygufoHav
nHoHrpJ
oHk;vIdifqdkav
0gqdkausmif;rSm
r'D;armifav
'dk;atmifxGufau
woJoJ/

usdef;awmifNcD&if;
armif½dkUxGufcg
tHwvif;/
usdef;awmifNcD&if;
armif½dkUxGufcg
Muufwvif;/

Muufzufyg;eD
pGefoJNcD
cGyfvDMuufz
&TDajymifajymifau
usdef;awmifatmufrSm
wef;xufu/

( 286 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wef;atmufrwGef
wef;xufxGef
'dk;atmifMuufz
&TDajymifajymifav
usdef;w½dk;rSm
wnfwdkif;&/

jrif;rtD cGgawmif
a'gif;cHxJrSm
vmygarmif/

vSatmifpmav
waumifcGgjzL
r'D;armifav
'dk;atmifarmifhrSm
vSatmifqifau
,,dkifyyg;
abmifrarmifav
jrif;eefUvm;zdkU
zdk;acgifzdk;acgif
zdk;acgifBudrfvHk;
tzsm;acsrSm
&TDjcnfxHk;au
BudrfvHk;udkaxmuf
abmifrarmifav
'dk;atmifewfrSm
jrif;udkaigufaw/

BudrfvHk;udkudkif
jrif;rSmxdkif
,,dkifyyg;
cspfawarmifav
0wDeef;rSm
yef;uyfvm;zdkU
odkif;udkrausmf
NrDudkreif;
yef;qufn§mudk

( 287 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
NrDeefUeif;au
ewfrif;ausmfacgif
abmifrcspfvdkU
owdk;atmifav
ewfarmifrSmum;
usdef;awmifausmfvrf;
Muuf½dk;yifrSm
oZifyef;udk
vufvSrf;qGwfum
BuD;qif;awmifav
&marmifewfeefU
vSuRef;olav
rdjzLOD;udk
&TDprÜ,fav
abmifoQifrudk
yef;qufaw/

(emrnfrod pmqdk)

orif&wk
ocifvlrsm;
uRefUpum;udk
&TDem;cHavmh/

&SdvGeftcg
awmNrdKifcGD;
csDorifonf
opfyifBuD;atmufueDav;/

jrifhxdyfAGD
acgifxdyfzsm;
usD;wckonf
ac:rIjrnfoHMum;u
tcspf&TDorif
i,fcgcifyGef;

( 288 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jrJpGmrTrf;onf
aumif;vGef;r,f rxifav;/

NrDwGif&m vm;&vQif
udkESifhigyif
cspfcif&rnf
taqG ESvHk;oGif;av;/

cGD;vSnfhywfqdk&wfrSm
aumif;a,mifxifí
orifvdkufvm&av;/

v,fonfpyg;
yef;Ekzsm;udk
t*kpm;&rnf rSwfavmh/

vdkwdkif;0rf;0
pm;&rnfrcRwfav;/

cGD;vSnfhywfqdk&wfrSm
aumif;a,mifxifí
orifxGufpm;jyefav;/

xdka,mufsm;v,focif
NyD;ckHyif vmwHkvwf
o&DausmhuGif;
axmifvQuf vrf;wGifxm;av;/

cgwyg;onf vm;csDrd
o&DausmhuGif;
vdkif0,f,ifaqmNidav;/

rcsd½kef;&if;qm
tqGDvQifawmNrdKifcGD;
oDrnfzD;udk
,ifaqmu,fwifzdav;/

( 289 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
'Gef;pE´m [dE´LrsdK;
EGm;o&Dudk
rudkufzl;ygwnfhav;/

rcsdyljyif;qm
tqGDvQif aemifusD;uef;
,if&Jrudk
jrJpGmcifyGef;rTrf;í
rsufpd&pf0ef;vnf
,ifrvmí
jzLpGm Ovmonfwnf;/

tqGDvQif aemifusD;uef;
OD;a*gif;NrDwGif
eoGD;awmuf[efjyKí
xdkce v,focif
NyD;ckHyif vmwHkvwf
o&DBudK;udk
vdkif0,f ,ifaqmcRwfav;/

xdka,mufsm; v,focif
MuHvwfauvQif
apmpGm jcHKxJ0ifí
EG,fyif jzwfvSD;jim;av;/

tmtmonf usL;jrnfvQuf
csDorifonf
jzKef;jzKef; NyD;onfjzpfav;/

xdka,mufsm; v,focif
vufwGif 'g;ESifypf
jcHKxJ0Suf yke;f NrdKifcGD;
a*gif;wGifrSefvQif
oDcsDNyDav;/

atenf;vQif wrHk[d
arvwfjzLrSm

( 290 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
zsufolESifh&m wGdav;/

rcsdonf vGrf;avmifoJ
arcspftyl0ifonf
orifyrm enf;wnfhav;/

(jrHKjynf aumfavmcsD; r[mrkedq&mawmfyg;u &aomrljzpfygonf/)

r[mrked&wk
atmifNrDtxGwf
b'´uyfonf jrwfr[m
þurfzmay:vkrSm
ouúsjA[®m
ig;yGifhMumudk
qGwfumerdwfjyí
jrJaocsmaAm"d0,f
pdkifwavQmufonf
&Sdaemufqufumwnfhvnf;/

xl;qef;zG,f trfhzG,fyif
ausmfxif&Sm;onf
bk&m;ig;qlyGifh\/

&SdOD;wifonf uuúKoH
a*gem*Hum;
uóy trSefyifwnf;/

nDaemifonf rdawå,s
aemifawmfBuD;onf
rnfwGifa*gwrwnf;/

&yfXmetvSnfvSnf
vnfomomESifh
ywfumqGrf;oydwfjzifh
xdk&yf0,f&u©dKifrSm

( 291 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&u©yl&
wdkif;"n &TDjynfomü
udk,fawmfpm;onf jrwfrked
ig;axmifhig;&m
omoemonf
nDawmfpm;tBuD;wnf;/

yHkoGrf;jyKxm;awmfrl
omoemonf
a&mif0grD;ES,fylí
aomif;&yfvlZrÁLjynf
bk&m;*lausmif;
oCFmaygif;ESifh
jrifhanmif;pdkifqufeDonf
"n&yfNrDwnfhvnf;/

"n&yfNrD
odif*Drnf&
0'&onfajrmuf&yfcsm
oD&drme'Dzsm;
udk,fpm;oQifawmf
r[mrkedxm;í
oD&d*kwfawmifxdyfzsm;
&TDausmif;AdrSmef
aZw0efü
yef;qdkifyef;umxm;í
ajzmufqdyf0,fMu,frsm;&H
aomfwmvonf
xGwfzsm;raemfpHí
[oFmusH onfqdyfvS
ajymifajymif0if;onf
nD;xGDa&mifawmfrsm;½dkU
ewfodMum;zefqif;vQif
0doMuHKewf? ½ku©ewfonf
vGwfvGwfNrDuxGufodkU
NydK;NydK;jyufrsufrsm;pD
&TD*lBuD;xuf

( 292 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ig;vHk;aZwDrSDvQuf
acgifxdyfAGDonftv,fzsm;
aqmif;awmfrlyg
vdkifwdkifiSufrem;/
odrfawmfrSmywf0ef;&H
w&mhoQpfvHk;
&TD'HkMumcGufcHí
uRefUEdkifiHjynfvHk;om;
,lusHK;ighnDawmfudk
jrJpGmapmifha,Smufygvnf;/

(r[mrked&wkNyD;jynfhpHk\)
ouú&mZf 1277 ck? uqkefvqkwf wq,fhav;&uf
ul;NyD;y&ydk'frltwdkif; (ac:?cH) (2) &GufrS ul;,laz:jyonf/

rl&if;&Sda[mif;t&GD;tom;udk
t*kacwft&GD;tom;ESifhajymif;vJí &GD;xm;ygonf/
yk&ydkufvsm; (12) vufr? teH (4½) vufr/
r[mrkedbk&m;ordkif; (xGef;a&Tcdkif)

oDwJGqJGuAsm
i,fuaygif;azmf? zoaxmfav? i,fuzGm;csif;? tacsuyif? arsmufom;&if;av?
arhrSmcspfol? rsuf&pfjzLav? n§dK;olau&marmifum;? arhudk&mcspfau? yef;wwHudk?
yD;crnfav/ ,avmufwuG? i,fuMuifa&? cspfESrrSm? armifhrSmyga&? wwHyef;udk?
ESrbm;rSm? yD;crSma&/

jrifhrdk&fwawmif? vGefatmifBuD;jcif;? rdcifarmifBuD;? 0&D;t&if;u? ,dkifBudK;eefYaESmif?

,dkifabmifeefYowf? acguf&rf;jzLav? ñdkolarum;? &ufuef;pifrSm? zapmif;0yfaw/
aemufukef;uoGD;? acguf&rf;jzLav? ñdkolarrSm? uefaumufpD;a&/

acguf&rf;jzLav? ñdkolarum;? azmufzD;oHk;yif? qHoHk;yifav? ajcmufyif&mvHk;&pf?

acguf&rf;jzL ñdkolarrSm? awmifwef;ysif;u? oDBudK;uspfaw/ jrif;rdk&fwawmif?
vGefatmifBuD;jcif;? rdcif&if;? rd&if;&Smvnf;? r&vDuJh? aroDBudK;rSm? usdefqdyfxnfha&/
jrifhrdk&fwawmif? vGefatmifBuD;jcif;? zcif&if;? z&if;&Smvnf;? r&vDuJh? aroDBudK;rSm?

( 293 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
usdefqdyfxnfha&/ &yfoljynfom;? oQifvlrsm;? vlrsm;&Smvnf;? r&vDuJh? aroDBudK;rSm?
usdefqdyfxnfha&/ rdcifarmifBuD;? 0&D;&Smvnf;? r&vDuJh? aroDBudK;rSm? usdefqdyfxnfha&/

i,fuaygif;azmf? zoaxmfav? BuD;rSmawmfjcif;? tacsuyif? arsmufom;&if;?

om;&if;&Smcg? &ygvD[k? aroDBudK;rSm? usdefqdyfxnfha&/

(Adkvfrif;axmifrS&aom uAsmjzpfygonf? tquf[dygodrfhonf/)

yef;wHrif;om;ESifh oHwGJolrif;orD;{jcif;
&cdkif½dk;&m? jzpfjcif;&mudk? uRefq&mrSm? ajymjyrnf/ xD;uc½dkif? rif;xkdifjynfhNzdK;?
jynfy*dk;/ y*dk;rif;orD;? jynfudkcGJcg? ESrum;awmif? armifum;ajrmufOD;? jrpfrif;**gF?
oDwmw½dk;? ESreDau? oHwGJNrdKU? armif½dkUeDau? &cdkifNrdKU/ &cdkifrif;om;?
eef;xufzGm;? vSjim;wifhw,f? rdcif0rf;rSm? oaE¨wnf/ udk;vuyif?
udk,f0efMuif? crnf;vGef;wif? zbk&if? bk&ifvTwfvTwf? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? rMuHwwf/
uRefrjynfhul? udk,f,ludk,fr? oem;pzG,f? oQifr0rf;udk? prf;Munfha&cg? cspfoQifrrSm?
rdr®rjzpf? a,musFm;jzpfrnf/ a,musFm;jzpfvnf;? t&SifrrGD;? cspfoQifrrSm? toD&mrGD;rnf?
aZmifvnf;av? aZmifvnf;tvdk? jynfhuRefrrSm? Zrf;wdkufqdka&/

aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? eef;awmifnmrSm?

aMumif;MuBuD;a&/ ighrSm[djim;? &TDuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;reD?
ightem;wGif? *ka&mufpD/ aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rI;BuD;reD? igtem;wGif? *ka&mufpD/
&TDuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;av;oG,f? eef;awmifnmrSm? a&mufvma&/
aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rI;BuD;av;oG,f? eef;awmifnmrSm? a&mufvma&/
&TDuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;reD? uHhuo l nfeefY? 0vHonfudk? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? *k&SmcD/
aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rI;BuD;reD? uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfukd? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? *k&SmcD/

&TDuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;reD? uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfudk? &SmcDa&/

aiGuavmifudkif? rI;BuD;reD? uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfudk? &SmcDa&/ &TDuavmifudkif? ZukdifBuD;?
aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rI;rwfav;oG,f? uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfudk? &SmcDa&/
uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonf? armifzGm;av;oG,f? eef;awmifnmrSm? a&mufvma&/
uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonf? wcsufESpfcsuf? ysdKifoifykef;rSm? acgufvdkUwGufcg? rdr®rjzpf?
cspfoQifrrSm? a,mufusm;jzpfrnf/ a,mufusm;jzpfvnf;? t&SifrrGD;? cspfoQifrrSm?
toD&mrGD;rnf/ aZmifvnf;av? aZmifvnf;tvdk? uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfrSm?
wGufwdkif;qdka&/ aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? eef;awmifnmrSm?
aMumifhMuBuD;a&/ MuufzBudrfoD;? armifvHk;BuD;? a&Smufa&SmufvJzrf;?

( 294 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pkef;rif;v,fudk? &Drdk;oef;/ a*gif;&if;ueD? r[musDudk? armifudk;a&/ NcD&if;uapmifh?
oQifra*gufudk? armifudk;a&/ aZmifyifw&D;? &cdkifrif;rSm? rusDoD;? udk;vuyif?
q,fvpdajrmuf? om;yef;yifudk? zGm;vma&cg? om;yef;yifudk? eef;awmifnmrSm?
t&SifrrGD;? toD&mrGD;a&/

aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? eef;awmifnmrSm? aMumifhMuBuD;a&/

ezl;udkcwf? &ifudkowf? &yfywfBudKBudK? &cdkifrif;rSm? eef;awmifnmrSm?
vI;vdkUidkcg? txufa'0g? toQifodMum;? cif;xm;ur®vm? eD&moif;zkef;? wifhaMumhvHk;pHk?
odMum;zHkrSm? reDEdkifbJ? ewfrsufwaxmif? t[efaqmif? ewfjynf,OfrSm? Munfhvdkufrlum;?
rnfonfrQyif? ewfjynf,mOfrSm? rjrifusif/ vlUrsufwaxmif? t[efaqmif?
Munfhvdkufrlum;? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? om;yef;yifeefY? aMumifhMuBuD;/ igwmcka0?
&cdkifrif;udk? rcDrnf/ &TDBudK;ckESpfyif? oQifodMum;rSm? pvG,fwif/
vufrSmajymif0if;? c½koif;/ oQifrif;reD? &cdkifNrdKUudk? qif;vDa&/ odMum;&Dpif? jzef;vDa&cg?
om;yef;yifrSm? toufau0ifNyD;? 0Gg;0Gg;0Gg;vdkU idkvDa&/

toufau0ifNyD;? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? EdkUaumif;oludk? aumif;&m&GD;vdkU?

om;aumif;om;jzL? EdkUaumif;ol? aumuf,lpdkUjim;? tom;jzLau? rdr®EdkUo,f? &Sduy,f?
ti,ftBuD;? EdkUaumif;&mrSm? aumif;&m&GD;vdkU? tom;jzLau? ylo,fEdkU&nf? xdkonfrdr®?
£xd,? &mZykwå? EdkUaumif;&mrSm? &GD;umroGif;/ EkdUtkef;oD;vQif? EdkUvmjyif;vQuf?
oli,fpdkUau? cHwGif;ruef? arSmufumvef? EdkUtHwwfaw/ xdkonfrdr®? £xd,? &mZykwå?
EdkUaumif;&mrSm? &GD;umroGif;/ EdkUz½HkvQif? oli,fpdkUvQuf? watmifhavmufrS? wayguf&vdkU?
r0cifyif? oli,f½dkUrSm? ysif;pdwf0ifvdkU? rpdkUcsif? xdkonfrdr®? £xd,? &mZykwå?
EdkUaumif;&mrSm? &GD;umroGif;/ rrJrjzL? rqlrMuHK? EkdUtHknDñGwf? peDeH? &TD&ifzwfrSm?
om;jrwfrus? ab;wzufu? wem&DrSm? av;a,mufxvdkU? rif;om;nDarmif?
vSom;armif? bkef;acgifeef;v,f? jr{,dkifrSm? wifumvTJau? rGD;pm;a&av/

wnOfhom;eefY? w&ufom;rwl? yef;wHarmifrSm? BuD;awmhrl/ w&ufom;eefY? wvom;rwl?

yef;wHarmifrSm? vSawmhrl/ ckESpfESpfom;? &G,fa&mufaomcg? w&ydk'fwql? uHhulwcJ?
a':vGef;Muif? EdkUoQifrdeefY? EdkUoQifzrSm? qGrf;wyGJeefY? ausmif;NcDwaxmif? ydkifa&bkef;BuD;?
jrwfav;vGrf;Muif? ulawmfwdkufrSm? &TDausmif;oQif? toQifbkef;BuD;? oHpnfaMumif?
anmifanmifwD;/ bkef;BuD;jrwfrGef? emrnfaumif;au? 0d[mpH/ q&mawmf?
oQifazmfausmif;rSm? om;&ifoGD;udk? vufxuftyfaw/ uBuD;ci,f? t&if;oG,f?
oHk;q,foHk;vHk;? oHk;oifykef;? wvHk;rusef? q&mawmf? oQifazmfausmif;rSm? &GD;umjyef/
&TDausmif;ocif? toQifwp? yef;wHrif;om;? wynfharmifudk? pmvHk;jy/ yef;Zif;ysKd?
armifwdkwp? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifudk? pmaMumif;jy/ yef;wHrif;om;?
armifwmvTwfvTwf? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifbm;rSm? pmrzwf/ &TDausmif;ocif?
toQifrmefayguf? ezl;prSm? &TDa&mifawmuf/ pmBudK;eefYaESmif? pmaygifeefYowf?

( 295 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
yef;wHarmifudk? ausmif;vufcif;rSm? vI;ysmowfaw/ rsufcrf;xJrSm? rsuf&nfzsifzsif?
pmvHk;udkyif? Munfhrjrif/ wq,fhig;ESpf? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmif? q&mawmf?
oQifazmfausmif;rSm? vloQifjzpfaw/

udk;vuyif? oHwGJoludk? udk,f0efMuif/ uRefrjynfhul? udk,f,ludk,fr? oem;pzG,f?

oQifr0rf;udk? prf;Munfha&cg? a,musfm;rjzpf? cspfoQifrrSm? rdr®jzpfrnf/
rdr®jzpfvJ? t&SifrrGD;? cspfoQifrrSm? toDrGD;zdkU? aZmifvJtvdk? jynfhuRefrrSm? Zrf;wdkufqdk/
aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? eef;awmif,mrSm?
aMumif;MuBuD;/ ighrSm[djim;? &TDuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;reD? igtem;wGif?
*ka&mufpD/ aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rI;BuD;reD? igtem;wGif? *ka&mufpD/ &TDuavmifudkif?
ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;av;oG,f? eef;awmifnmrSm? a&mufvma&/ aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;?
rI;BuD;av;oG,f? eef;awmifnmrSm? a&mufvma&/ &TDuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rwfBuD;reD?
uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfudk? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? *k&SmcD/ aiGuavmifudkif? ZudkifBuD;? rI;BuD;reD?
uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonfukd? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? *k&SmcD/ uHhulonfeefY? 0vHonf?
armifzGm;av;oG,f? eef;awmifnmrSm? a&mufvma&/ wcsufESpfcsuf? ysdKifoifykef;udk?
acgufíwGufaomf? cspfoQifrrSm? a,musFm;rjzpf? rdr®jzpfrnf/ rdr®jzpfvnf;? t&SifrrGD;?
cspfoQifrrSm? toD&mrGD;rnf/ aZmifvJav? aZmifvJtvdk? uHhulonfeefY 0vHonfrSm?
wGufwdkif;qdka&/

udk;vuyif? q,fvpdajrmuf? orD;awmfudk? zGm;vma&cg? orD;awmfudk? t&SifrrGD;?

eef;awmifnmrSm? toD&mrGD;a&/ aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? ezl;udkcwf? &ifudkowf?
&yfywfBudKBudK? EdkUoQifrdeefY? EdkUoQifzrSm? vSL;vdkUidkcg? txufa'0g? toQifodMum;?
cif;xm;ur®vm? eD&moif;zkef;? wifhaMumhvHk;pHk? odMum;zHkrSm? reDEdkifbJ? ewfrsufpdwaxmif?
t[efaqmif? ewfjynf,mOfudk? Munfhvdkufrlum;? rnfonfrQyif? rjrifusif/
vlUrsufwaxmif? t[efaqmif? Munfhvdkufrlum;? &cdkifbk&if? toQifw&D;? orD;unmeefY?
aMumifhMuBuD;/ igwmcka0? &cdkifrif;udk? rcDrnf/ &TDBudK;ckESpfyif? oQifodMum;rSm? pvG,fwif?
vufrSmajymif;0if;? c½koif;? odMum;reD? oHwGJoludk? odMum;&Dpif? jzef;vDa&cg?
toufau0ifNyD;? 0Gg;0Gg;0Gg;vdkU idkvDa&/

toufau0ifNyD;? &cdkifrif;yif? toQifw&D;? EdkUaumif;oludk? aumif;&m&GD;vdkU?

om;aumif;om;jzL? EdkUaumif;oludk? aumuf,lpdkUjim;? tom;jzLau? rdr®EdkUo,f?
ylo,fEdkU&nf? xdkonfrdr®? £xd,? &mZykwå? EdkUaumif;&mrSm? &GD;umroGif;/ EkdUtkef;oD;vQif?
EdkUvmjyif;vQuf? oli,fpdkUau? cHwGif;ruef? arSmufumvef? EdkUtHwwfaw/ xdkonfrdr®?
£xd,? &mZykwå? EdkUaumif;&mrSm? &GD;umroGif;/ EdkUz½HkvQif?
oli,fpdkUvQuf? watmifhavmufrS? wayguf&vdkU? r0cifyif? oli,f½dkUrSm? ysif;pdwf0ifvdkU?
rpdkUcsif/ xdkonfrdr®? £xd,? &mZykwå? EdkUaumif;&mrSm? &GD;umroGif;?? rrJrjzL?

( 296 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rqlrMuHK? EkdUtHknDñGwf? peDeH? &TD&ifzwfrSm? om;jrwfrus? ab;wzufu? wem&DrSm?
av;a,mufxvdkU? oHwGJol? jzLr,fvSudk? jr{,dkifrSm? wifumxm;au? rGD;pm;a&av/

ckESpfESpforD;? t&G,fa&mufaomtcg? qHxHk;xHk;wwf? yef;yefwwf? &yfwwfuyif? oHwGJudk?

,dkifcwfoif/ OD;pHwif? t,ifrGD;au? r,fBuD;wp? oHwJGoludk? ,dkifaMumif;jy/ vGrf;vdkUMuif?
EdkUoQifwp? oHwGJol? cspforD;udk? &Grf;aMumif;jy/ oHwGJol? cspfjzLvTwfvTwf? jr,dkifpifrSm?
rcwfwwf/ vGrf;vdkUMuif? EdkUoQifrmefayguf? ezl;prSm? &TDa&mifawmuf/ ,dkifBudK;eefYaESmif?
,dkifaygifeefYowf? oHwGJoludk? jr,dkifpifrSm? Muif;ysmowfcg? rsufcrf;xJrSm? rsuf&nfzsifzsif?
oHwGJolrSm? jcnfvHk;udkyif? Munfhrjrif/ wq,fhig;ESpf? oHwGJolrSm? rdciftdrfeefY?
zciftdrfrSm? vloQifjzpfaw/ wv*FkeD? peD&efzuf? oHwGJoleefY? yef;wHarmifrSm? wj*ufj*uf/
&ufuroifh? t&D;autoQif? tcifyif roem;? oHwGJoleefY? yef;wHarmifudk? oHwGJNrdKUeefY?
&cdkifNrdKUrSm? cGJvdkUxm;a&/ wq,hfig;ESpf? t&G,fa&mufcg? oHwGJolrSm? vloQifjzpfaw/
wzufauwcsuf? oHwGJolrSm? jr,dkifpifrSm? ETJysm&ufaw/ tjzL&Gef;udk? ESdyfysmxdk;vdkY?
acsmif;rSmeDa&? ykZGefpdwfau? ig;acsr<uif;? r,fvuf&mrSm/ ay:ysmvwfau?
qifrsufuGif;/ teD&Gef;udk? ESdyfysmxdk;vdkY? awmrSmeDa&? yk&Gufpdwfau? ESHacsr<uif;?
r,fvuf&mrSm? ay:Asmvwfau? tHudk;uGif;/ wzufwcsuf? oHwGJolrSm? jr,dkifpifrSm?
EGJysm&ufcg? n§dK;n§dK;i,fi,f? oHwGJolrSm? tdrfom,mudk? wufca&/ rdeHbm;eefY? zeHbm;rSm?
xdkifvma&/

vufNcDq,facsmif;? pHkpGmaygif;? vufaumuf½HkUwkH? MumrHktqif? vufq,facsmif;udk?

OD;xdyfwif/ udk,fyifyif? udk,fyif½dkusKd;? rdeefYzudk? &Sdrdk;cdk;a&?? jrif;rkd&fBuD;jcif;? ighudkMuifau?
rGD;z&if;/ zcifya'? yD;vdkufvD/ jrif;rdk&fBuD;jcif;? ighudkMuifau? rGD;rd&if;/
rdcifya'? yD;vdkufav/ tacsuyif? wcg&Hxl;? &TDpavmif;eefY? qGrf;aumif;r,fxGD;?
yef;Zif;ysKdudk? ravmif;zl;/ &if0av;awmif? aZmufoQpfawmif? a&mifawmfnD;nD;?
*lawmfwdkufrSm? bk&m;BuD;/ wcg&Hyif? jrwfoQifyifudk? rzl;zl;/ r,f'g'g? r,f'gck0,f?
EdkUoQifrdeefY? EdkUoQifza,mif? ulawmfwdkufrSm? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifjrwfudk?
&TDpavmif;eefY? qGrf;aumif;r,fxGD;? avmif;cDrnf/ aiGpavmif;eefY? qGrf;aumif;r,fxGD;?
avmif;cDrnf/ &if0av;awmif? aZmufoQpfawmif? a&mifawmfnD;nD;? ulawmfwdkufrSm?
bk&m;BuD;/ a':vJav? a':vJck0,f? jrwfoQifyifudk? zl;cDrnf/ zcifya'?
yD;vdkufvD/ rdcifya'? yD;vdkufvD/ ya'awmif;vDa&/

vm;um;vm;cD? cspforD;av? wHqD;wayguf? ,ifraomufcif? rdcifxHeefY? zcifxHrSm?

*ka&mufpD/ aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkiv
f nf;qdk? oHwGJol? cspfolqGrf;yef;?
csufvwfaw/ qGrf;yef;csufNyD;? jroydwfrSm? cl;ysmxnfhcg? av;awmifausmf?
ig;awmifwdkufudk? 0ifca&/ wyifwyif? r,fhqHyifudk? qDeefYysif? wyifxufrSm?
ESpfyifysHUysL;? r,fhqHyifudk? yef;qDvl;a&?/ qifpG,ftzD;? qdkifom,mrSm? tz0,fau?
ig;q,fyD;/ rNzD;pvdk? rudkifpavmuf? 0ufacgufrsrs? ezl;jyifrSm? wifysmxm;au?

( 297 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rdrsufwGuf/ rdr®qHxHk;? ausmufom;vHk;? &Gef;vHk;qHusif? prf;rjrif/ oDoDoyfoyf? oHwGJol?
r,fxGD;a*gif;rSm? jrqHxHk;udk? xHk;jyefvwfau? acsmrGwfrGwfeefY?
Oa'gif;autawmif? usD;awmifqHqyf? r,f½dkUa*gif;rSm yef;rTD;rTD;eefY/ em;rSmMunfhvnf;?
uvkwfu,if? pD&ifwzuf? oHwGJol? r,fxGD;em;rSm? jrem;bufeefY/ vufrSmMunfhvnf;?
azmufzD;yGifhEG,fvdrf? ausmufrsufpD? rSefpDwzuf? b,fzufvufeefY/ nmzufvufrSm?
ajymifajymifvufaw/ udk,frSmMunfhvnf;? o&ufautus? r,lyef;cuf? Oa'gif;BudK;Mum?
udEé&m? ½kyfyHkrsm;pGm? r,fbmZlrSm? ½kyfyHkcsvdkU? oHwGJol? cspforD;rSm? 0wfvwfaw/
cg;rSmMunfhvnf;? rSif;usdK;yGifhxydef? tNcDokH;qifh? rSif;usdK;yGifhudk? 0wfvwfaw/ 'Gg'&m?
armufumcg;BudK; tzsm;pdkifrSm? &TDjcnfxdk;/ cg;BudK;w&ywf? yef;yHkcsyf/ NrJygpDcsif?
ca,mufiif/ a':yifyif? a':yifoDoyf? cg;BudK;rTD;udk? atmufucsyfaw/
oHwGJol? cspforD;rSm? 0wfvwfaw/

a[mh[ef;r&,f? oHwGJol? cspfol&,fau? cNyHK;&,f/ wcg&,f? ig;q,fwef,ifh/

ukvm;r&rm? vlwmwoD;? oHwGJoludk? owif;rD;a&/ ukvm;r&rm? jriforQvl? oHwGJol?
r,fudkjrifau? ESvHk;yl/ n§dK;n§dK;i,fi,f? oHwGJolum;? oHwGJNrdKUudk?
tdrfom,mu? xGufca&/ tdrfom,mu? qif;ca&/ rcsDcsif? csDcsifz0g;? urfzmNrDrSm?
uif;ES,fwGm;/ wdkUwDwD? wdkUwDwdkUwGwf? Muufwnfusifav? NrDrSm,ufa,mif/
ta,Ga&mufr? bk&m;zl;aZmif? rvm;vm;/ a&mufrta,G? bk&m;zl;aZmif? vm;uwfrnf/
vmvJav? vmvJr,fa,? *lawmfwdkufudk? vm;uwfrnf/
&if0av;awmif? aZmufoQpfawmif? a&mifawmfnD;nD;? *lawmfwdkufrSm? jrwfoQifyifav?
bk&m;BuD;/ vmvJav? vmvJr,fa,? jrwfoQifyifukd? zl;uwfrnf/ oHwGJol? cspfoljrL;aysmf?
oHwGJNrdKUrSm? usL;vdkUac:a&/ &SduMunfhvnf;? &SduAdkvfusKdif? oHwGJolrSm/
&GDrEdkif/ aemufuMunfhvnf;? aemufuAdkvfusKdif? oHwGJolrSm? &GDrEdkif/ AdkvfusKdifusKdif?
AdkvfusKdiftMum;? rcsDcsif? csDcsifz0g;? oHwGJol? cspfolz0g;? urfzmNrDrSm? uif;a,mifwGm;/
wdkUwDwD? wdkUwDwdkUwGwf? Muufwnfusifav? NrDrSm,ufa,mif/ AdkvfusdKifusdKif?
AdkvfusKdiftMum;? ZBuFefvrf;udk? avQmufvSrf;vm;a&/ vm;wHkvm;wHk? vm;jim;wHk?
vm;pdkifvm;pdkif? vm;jim;pdkif? vm;pdkifwHkajrmuf? *lawmfwdkufrSm? ZDawha&mufaw/

yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? ausmif;NcDwaxmif? ykdifa&bkef;BuD;? jrwfav;vGrf;Muif?

*lawmfwdkufrSm? &TDausmif;oQif? toQifbkef;BuD;? oHpnfaMumif? anmifanmifwD;/
bkef;BuD;jrwfrGef? emrnfaumif;au? 0d[mpH/ toQifaemufu? yef;wHrif;om;?
vlvSarmifrSm? udk,fMuyfruGm? ygvDa&/ ausmif;wvif;rSm? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmif?
armifwmn§dK;i,f? oli,fcsif;eefY? 'dk;wvif;rSm? 'dk;xdk;a&/ ausmif;wvif;rSm? tHvl;a&/
ESrr,f? r,favvmqdkuf? armifvmcdkuf? rsuf&pfvHk;qHk? ausmif;wvif;rSm? ZdawhMuHK/
armifudkudk? armifudkjrifvdkU? usD;uef;&GDrSm? iSuf0gwaumif? usodkUa,mif/
cNyDcNyHK;? oHwGJolrSm? jry0gudk? oGm;rSmzHk;/ cNyHK;&,foGif? armifudkjrifau? &,frIqif/

( 298 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

tolU&ifoGD;? yg;wH&if;rSm? n§if;,ifNyD;au? r,fharmifBuD;/ armifwm'g? armif'gvTwfvTwf?

rdpdkifvmeefY? zpdkifvmudk? ajymjyvwf/ yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifu? aZmifpum;udk?
Mum;a&edu? cNyDcNyHK;? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? yk0gacsudk? oGm;rSmzHk;/ cNyHK;&,foGif?
olUudkjrifau? &,frIqif/ igwmwm? igwmudk,fwdkif? rdpdkifvmeefY? zpdkifvmudk? rajymEdkif/
rdpdkifvmeefY? zpdkifvmudk? odcsifauav? odcsio f dkUaomf? ausmif;NcDwaxmif?
ydkifa&bkef;BuD;? jrwfav;vGrf;Muif? *lawmfwdkufrSm? &TDausmif;oQif/ toQifbkef;BuD;?
oHpnfaMumif? anmifanmifwD;/ bkef;BuD;jrwfrGef? emrnfaumif;au? 0d[mpH/ rdpdkifvmeefY?
zpdkifvmudk? odcsifauav? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifjrwfudk? rD;MunfhvD/ igwmwm?
igwmudk,fwdkif? rdpdkifvmeefY? zpdkifvmudk? rajymEdkif/

&,fNyHK;&,fNyHK;? oHwGJol? i,farsmufom;u? ausmif;om,mudk? wufca&/ &TDpavmif;eefY?

toQifjrwfudk? qGrf;aumif;r,fxGD;? avmif;vDa&/ aiGpavmif;eefY? qGrf;aumif;r,fxGD;?
yef;Zif;ysKdudk? avmif;vDa&/ &TDpavmif;eefY? qGrf;aumif;avmif;NyD;? &if0av;awmi?f
aZmufoQpfawmif? a&mifawmfnD;nD;? *lawmfwdkufrSm? bk&m;BuD;/ yef;raumif;vnf;?
yef;aumifr,frSm? wifvwfaw/ qkraumif;vnf;? qkaumif;r,frSm? awmif;vwfaw/
qkaumif;awmif;NyD;? yef;wifNyD;cg? eDvJcñdk? ncsrf;eDrmS ? awmif&dyfcdk? N*dK;ñdktdyfqdkuf?
ulawmfwdkufrSm? nvnf;rdkuf/ r,fxGD;vm;csdef? ncsrf;eDrSm? ydk;yGifhcsdef/
vm;csdefwef? vm;pdkifr,f½dkU? vGrf;vdkUMuif? EdkUoQifrdeefY? EdkUoQifzu? a':vmysmvdkU?
wef;udkvufudkif? wdkifukdvufqGJ? EGJUaumif;omzG,f? oHwGJNrdKUu? arQmf,ifhrnf/

vufNcDq,facsmif;? oHwGJolrSm? qHkpGmaygif;? vufaumuf½HkUwH?k MumrHktqif?

q,facsmif;vufudk? OD;xdyfwif/ udk,fyifyif? udk,fyif½dkusKd;? &TDausmif;ocif?
toQifjrwfudk? &Sdrdk;cdk;/ &TDausmif;ocif? toQifvTwfvTwf? rdpdkifvmeefY? zpdkifvmudk?
ajymjyvwf/ &TDausmif;ocif? toQifcka0? rdpdkifvmeefY? zpdkifvmudk? ajymjya&/
t&Sdr@dKif? udk;NrdKUydkif? &cdkifcdkif? &cdkifNrdKUpm;? eef;awmifnmrSm? pHumzGm;au? bk&ifom;/
qHxHk;uGif;cRwf? ebD0wf? acsmrGwf&TDa&mif/ &cdkifuRef;rSm? yef;wHarmifcsifh?
eifharsmufom;csifh? eifrodvm;/ aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? oHwGJol? r,fwm
tm;yg;&vDa&/

ESrr,f? r,favvmcdkuf? armifvmqdkuf/ rsuf&pfvHk;qHk? ausmif;wvif;rSm? ZDawhMuHKcg?

yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmif? ausmif;wvif;rSm? 'dk;xdk;a&?? ausmif;wvif;rSm? tHvSL;a&/
oHwGJolrSm? armifudk,fudk? armifudkjrifvdkU? uNyDuNyHK;? jryk0gudk? oGm;rSmzHk;/ uNyHK;&,foGif?
armifudkjrifau? &,frSKqif/ t&Sdr@dKif? udk;NrdKUydkif? &cdkifcdkif? &cdkifNrdKUpm;? eef;awmifnmrSm?
pHumzGm;au? bk&ifhom;/ qHxHk;uGif;cRwf? ebD0wf? acsmrGwf&TDa&mif? &cdkifuRef;rSm?
arsmufom;armif? r,m;vQm? om;vQmarmifhrSm? [da&vm;/ r,m;vQm? om;vQmprf;vnf;?
oHwGJNrdKUrSm? prf;cavh/ aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&tcg? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm?

( 299 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uNyDuNyHK;? yk0gacsudk? oGm;rSmzHk;/ uNyHK;&,foGif? r,fudkjrifau? &,frSKqif/ oHwGJol?
i,farsmufom;a0? cspfvdyfjympif? armifpum;udk? &TDem;wif?? wv*FeD? peD&efzuf?
a':ESifharmifrSm? wj*ufj*uf/ &ufuroifh/ t&D;autoQif? tcifyif roem;?
a':ESifharmifudk? oHwGJNrdKUESifh? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? cGJvdkUxm;a&/ baZmifBuHau? 0g;wvHk;rSm?
ukef;csif;eHNydKif? twlxdkif? &TDvdkifudkqGJ? oHwGJNrdKUESifh? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? aysmf&rnf/ yef;wHrif;om;?
vlvSarmif? armifwmpum;? ajymvdkufawcg? oHwGJol? i,farsmufom;u? trdrBudKuf?
[dvDywfpD? tzrBudKuf? [dvDywfpD? ESpfyg;BudKufol? oabmwlau? ,lvDzdkU&m/
vm&mvmvwf? armifwa,mufudk? vufrvTwf/ aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkifcka0?
aZmifpum;udk? oHwGJolrSm? ajymvDa&/ ,if;ydkifqdkNyD;? oHwGJol? i,farsmufom;um;?
oHwGJNrdKUudk? jyefvDa&/

tNcD0if;0if;? Muufrif;vnf;wGef? oHwGJNrdKUrSm? rdk;vif;jyefcg? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm?

oHwGJol? i,farsmufom;xH? vm;vDa&/ toD;wdkawmif;? Adkif;0ifh&mESifh? jcnfjzwf&mrSm?
oHjcnfacgif;? ESpfyg;pHyg,f? a':ESifharmifrSm? jcnfacgif; armifESifhrIwfuwfaw/ ceJpum;?
bm;ZDpum;? ajymvDa&/ ckESpfu,f&uf? oQpf&ufpdvdkU? O'&mZfpHyg,f? jrKHjynf&yfu?
Z&yfusdK;ESifh? oDusdK;emrnf? NrHKjynf&yfu? yifhqdkif;a&/ ckESpfu,f&uf? oQpf&ufpdau?
yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? &TDausmif;ocif? toQiaf emufu? udk,fMuyfruGm?
NrHKjynf&yfudk? vm;&rnf/ aZmifpum;udk? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? oHwGJol?
cspfarsmufom;udk? ajymvDa&/ oHwGJol? cspfarsmufom;a0? Z&yfusdL;ESifh? oDusdK;emrnf?
O'&mZfpHyg,f? NrHKjynf&yfu? yifhqdkif;a&/ ausmuf*lbk&m;? ckESpfyg;vnf;? wnfvdrfhrnf/
oJZmwDvnf;? wnfvdrfhrnf/ taumufwaxmif? 0*Fygvnf;? wnfvdrfhrnf/
acsmif;BuD;v[m? rul;om? acsmif;i,fysufvuf? wef;xm;ysufudk? qifvdrfhrnf/
tawmifoHk;q,f? wif;cGef&Snfudk? vTifhvdrfhrnf/ jrHKjynft&yfu? yifhxm;a&/ rsm;rsm;rMum?
jrHKjynft&yfrSm? oHk;ESpfwm? igwmck0,f? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifaemufu? udk,fMuyfruGm?
jrHKjynft&yfudk? vm;&zdkU,m/ aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&edu? r,fwmw&D;? oHwGJolrSm?
aMumif;MuBuD;a&/ baZmifBuHau? jrHKjynf&yfud?k vm;Edkifrnf/ vm;jyefauvnf;?
jrHKrif;orD;? txGD;vSpGm? emrnfxm;au? yef;eDvm/ toufoHk;q,f? t&G,fwdkifNyD;?
yef;eDvmudk? vifryD;/ olUvifjrifau? zsufwwfaw/ olUom;jrifau? zsufwwfaw/
zsufawtppf? yef;eDvmrSm? jrHKjynfpsD;rSm? uGrf;rsufcspfESifh? armifudkjrifvD? uNyDujyHK;?
jry0gudk? oGm;rSmzHk;/ ujyHK;&,foGif? armifudkjrifau? &,frIqifzdkU/ &,frIvnf;qif?
,if;cgrcsKdU? jrHKjynf&yfrSm? yef;eDvmESifh? aysmfvDzdkU/ olU"g;udkudkif? olUtydkif/ ol&Dudkaomuf?
olUvufatmuf/ t&mwzef? oHxefjyefvdkU? r,fxHyg;odkU? a&mufcJzdkU/ aZmifydkifvnf;qdk?
oHwGJolrSm? idkvnf;idk/ oHwGJol? cspfarsmufom;a0? wjynfjynf? wjynfum;uGJ?
armifwa,mufudk? raMumifhMuuJh/ xydefwdkawmif;? ½dkif;olrrSm? 0g;ea'gif;ESifh?
pum;udkxuf? bm;ZDudkyif? yef;eDvmudk? rajymcsif/ wzJhau? wzJhudkrQ? oHwGJol?
i,farsmufom;a0? raMumifhMuuhJ/ rsm;rsm;rMum? jrHKjynf&yfrSm? oHk;ESpfwm/ 'ef;pdxdkufxH?
oHwGJol? i,farsmufom;rSm? &TDzsmxufrSm? ysKd;xm;jyef/ 'ef;pdvnf;ayguf? oHwGJNrdKUrSm?

( 300 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
armifvnf;a&mufzdkU/ aZmifyifw&D;? oHwGJol? cspfarsmufom;rSm? r,HkoD;/ r[kwfauvhJ?
oHwGJol? cspfarsmufom;a0? ESpfyg;pHyg,f? a':ESifharmifrSm? opömcGifudk? wufuwfrnf/
'g;&SnfvSH&Snf? ranmif;&Snf? 'g;&SnfpHkajrmuf? a':ESifharmif? opömcGifrSm? rdk;BudK;ausmufESifh?
ausmufcHk;wdkif? oHwdkiftMum;? a':ESifharmifrSm? opömxm;? ausmufcHk;wdkif?
oHwdkifusKd;vnf;? usKd;vDywfpD? armifxGD;opöm? jrHKjynf&yfrSm? yef;eDvmESifh? r,Gif;yg/
aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkifvnf;qdk? a':ESifharmif? opömarmifESifh? xm;vDa&/ 'ef;pdxdkufwef?
&TDausufzsmrSm? oHwGJolrSm? ysKd;xm;jyef/ ckESpfau&uf? oQpf&ufpdvdkU? &TDausmif;ocif?
toQifaemufu? awmifrGdjcif;jcif;? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? ,yfwpif;ESifh?
oydwftdk;vdkifvG,f? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifaemufu? jrHKjynft&yfudk? vdkufca&/
vm;pdkifvm;pdkif? vm;jim;pdkif? vm;pdkifwHkajrmuf? jrHKjynf&yfrSm? ZDawha&mufaw/
jrHKjynf&yfrSm? ZDawha&mufcg? taumufwaxmif? 0uFyg? oQpfaomif;av;axmif?
wnfvDa&/ oJZmwDvnf;? wnfvDa&/ ausmuf*lbk&m;/ ckESpfyg;vnf;? wnfvDa&/
acsmif;BuD;v[m? rul;om? acsmif;i,fysufvuf? wef;xm;ysufudk? qifvDa&/
tawmifoHk;q,f? wif;cGef&Snfudk? vTifhvDa&/ rsm;rsm;rMum? yef;wHrif;om;?
&TDausmif;ocif? toQifaemufu? jrHKjynf&yfrSm? oHk;ESpfMuma&/ oHk;ESpfMumcg? jrHKrif;orD;?
txGD;vSpGm? emrnfxm;au? yef;eDvm/ ESrr,f? r,favvmcdkuf? armifvmqdkuf?
rsuf&pfvHk;qHk? yef;eDvmESifh? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? jrHKjynfpsD;rSm? ZDawhBuHK/
armifudk,fudk? armifudkjrifvdkU? uNyDuNyHK;? jry0gudk? oGm;rSmzHk;? uNyHK;&,foGif? armifudkjrif?
yef;eDvmrSm? &,frIqif/ usD;uef;&GDrSm? wkwu f smwaumif? usodkUa,mif? tolU&ifoGD;?
yg;wH&if;rSm? n§if;,ifNyD;au? tolUoGD;vJ/ armifwm'g? armifwmvGwfvGwf?
r,fudkcspfau? rdpdkifvmESifh? zpdkifvmudk? ajymjyvwf/ aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkifvnf;qdk?
yef;eDvmrSm? rD;vDa&/ aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&cgu? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm?
uNyDujyHK;? jry0gudk? oGm;rSmzHk;/ ujyHK;&,foGif? r,fudkjrifau? &,frIqif/ igyifudk,fwdkif?
rdpdkifvmESifh? zpdkifvmudk? rajymEdkif/ rdpdkifvmESifh? zpdkifvmudk? odcsifauvnf;?
ausmif;NcDwaxmif? ydkifa&bkef;BuD;? jrwfav;vGef;Muif? *lawmfwdkufrSm? &TDausmif;oQif?
toQifbkef;BuD;? oHpnfaMumif? anmifanmifwD;/ bkef;BuD;jrwfrGef? emrnfaumif;au?
0d[mpH/ yef;eDvm? cspfolr,fa0? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifjrwfudk? rdpdkifvmESifh? zpdkifvmudk?
rD;MunfhvD/ yef;eDvm? cspfolreD? &TDausmif;ocif? toQifxHudk? wufca&/
vufNcDq,facsmif;? yef;eDvmrSm? qHkpGmaygif;/ vufaumuf½kHUwHk? MumrHktqif?
q,facsmif;vufudk? OD;xdyfwif/ udk,fyifyif? udk,fyif½dkusKd;? yef;eDvmrSm? toQifjrwfudk?
&Sdrdk;cdk;a&/ &TDausmif;ocif? toQifvGwfvGwf? wynfharmif? rdpdkifvmESifh? zpdkifvmudk?
ajymjyvwf/ &TDausmif;ocif? toQifcka0? wynfharmif? rdpdkifvmESifh? zpdkifvmudk?
ajymvDa&/ t&Sdr@dKif? udk;jrdKUydkif? &cdkifcdkif? &cdkifNrdKUpm;? eef;awmifnmrSm? pHumzGm;au?
bk&ifom;/ qHxHk;uGif;cRwf? ebD0wf? acsmrGwf&TDa&mif? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? yef;wHarmifcsifh/
aZmifpum;udk? Mum;a&cgu? yef;eDvmum;? armif[d&mudk? vm;vDa&/ eab;jzL?
cspfolarmifa0? r,m;vQm? om;vQmarmifhrSm? [da&vm;/ r,m;vQm? om;vQmprf;vnf;?
jrHKjynf&yfrSm? prf;cavh/ aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkifpum;? yef;eDvmrSm? ajymvDa&/

( 301 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pum;udkxm;? bm;ZDudkyif? yef;eDvmudk? rajymcsif/ rajymcsifvnf;? olU'g;udkudkif?
olUtydkif/ olU&Dudkaomuf/ olUvufatmuf/ rcspfauvnf;? atmifhumerf;a&/
aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkifqdkvnf;? ,ckwdkifwdkif? yef;eDvm? cspfarsmufom;a0/ jrHKjynf&yfrSm?
reDEdkif/ igwmck0,f? &cdkifNrdKUudk? jyef&rnf/ &cdkifNrdKUudk? jyefjyefauvJh? aemufaemifwcg?
jrHKjynf&yfudk? a&mufaomcg? yef;eDvm? cspfarsmufom;udk? xdrf;jrm;rnf&m/ aZmifpum;udk?
Mum;a&cg? aZmifydkifw&D;? yef;eDvmrSm? r,HkoD;/ Oa'gif;waumif? tawmifowfvdkU?
iga&mufjyefau? jrHKjynf&yfrSm? wGefvdrfhrnf/ Oa'gif;waumif? xdkufxHNyD;au? yef;eDvmudk?
tyfvDa&/ aZmifydkifydkif? aZmifydkifw&D;? yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmifrSm? &TDausmif;ocif?
toQifjrwfESifh? oHk;ESpfpdau? awmifrdGjcif;jcif;? ,yfwpif;ESifh? oydwfvdkifvG,f? &cdkifNrdKUudk?
jyefca&/

oHk;ESpfpdvnf;? oHwGJolrSm? wedwcg? wvwacguf? 'ef;pdaygufudk? MunfhvDa&/

'ef;pdvnf;ayguf? oHwGJNrdKUudk? armifvnf;a&mufrnf/ tolvma&? oHwGJNrdKUu?
cGD;a[mifa&/ yef;wHrif;om;? vlvSarmif? armifwmvma&? oHwGJNrdKUrSm? cGD;a[mifa&/
oHwGJol? r,fwmrsufpd? yef;wHrif;om;? arsmufom;armifudk? jrifcDrd/ aZmifydkifydkif?
aZmifydkifqdkvdkU? ESpfyg;pHyg,f? a':ESifharmif? oHwGJNrdKUESifh? &cdkifNrdKUrSm? 0g;wvHk;rSm?
ukef;csif;eHNydKif? twlxdkif? &TDvdkifudkqGJ? a':ESifharmif½dkU? aysmf&rnf/ yef;wHrif;om;?
vlvSarmifa0? rdotdkESifh? zotdkudk? ac:NyD;auavh? oHwGJol? cspfarsmufom;udk?
qdkacavh/

(ya') = tcGifh

(tquf[dygodrfhonf/)

rSwfcsuf/ / Adkvfrif;axmifrS&aom {jcif;wrsdK;jzpfygonf/ tapmydkif;

&cdkif0w¦Kt&GD;tom;jzpfygonf/ udkOD;ausmfcdkif &SmazGpkaqmif;yD;ygonf/

yef;qyfoGm;{
wDwvdav? wDwvd0ef;usif? qyfoGm;oHk;yif? r,fhtdrf&SdrSm? yGifhrHkqif/ wyifxufvQif?
wyifrjrifh? yef;qyfoGm;rSm? tqifhqifh/ wyifESifhyif? wyifwdwd? yef;qyfoGm;rSm? t&Sd&Sd/
wwHrkH[ef? ESpfwHBudKiftD;? yef;qyfoGm;rSm? &GmvHk;rTD;/ ESpfwHrHk[ef? oHk;wHBudKiftD;?
yef;qyfoGm;rSm? NrdKUvHk;rTD;/ oHk;wHrHk[ef? av;wHBudKiftD;? yef;qyfoGm;rSm? jynfvHk;rTD;/

( 302 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jynfBuD;ocif? jynfoQifrif;rSm? Mum;vwfygaomf? cGwfcDcGwfcD? jynfoQifrif;rSm?
tmPmpDa&/ aAmif;0efxD;xD;? vufawmf&GD;? armifBuD;cGwfrnf? yef;qyfoGm;udk? "g;jr§ifha&/
ryGifhygodrfh? yef;qyfoGm;rSm? rHka&odrfh/

yGifha&wwm? yGifha&pum;? jynfoQifrif;rSm? Mum;vwfygaomf? cGwfcDcD? jynfoQifrif;rSm?

tmPmpDa&/ aAmif;0efxD;xD;? vufawmf&GD;? armifBuD;cGwfrnf? yef;qyfoGm;udk? "g;jr§ifha&/
tcufudkudkif? tcdkifudkñTwf? yef;qyfoGm;udk? n§m&if;jzwfaw/ wGwfwGwfvnf;jrnf?
wdrfudkcJGvdkU? ysHca'&m? xuftmumrSm? yef;wcJav/

xufcGifwwm? xufcGifvm;vnf;? þodkU rTD;BudKif? yef;teHU&m? raysmufEdkifav/

xufajcmufbHkudk? pdk;wHkydkifjcif;? odMum;rif;\? &ifwGif;orD;? rxGD;vSpGm? yef;eDvmrSm?
urÁvmEdkaESmif;? yef;qyfoGm;udk? idkvdkUawmif;a&/ awmfrGdwpif;? yef;c&if;ESifh?
oDwif;oHk;[ef? odMum;rif;vQif? odrfawmfjyifrSm? yef;vSLcHa&/ ryD;rnfavm? yD;rnfavm/
pDom;jrifwdkif;? r&Tefavmb? BuD;vGef;a'&m? qdkvdrfhrnfaomf? ,if;rSmwwef?
yef;qyfoGm;udk? vSLcjyefa&/ ewfrsm;omxk? ac:vDa'&m/ odMum;jynfrSm?
r,faumif;rIav/

,if;ureD? atmufcGifw'g? atmufcGifvm;vnf;? xdkodkU rTD;BudKif? yef;teHU&m?

raysmufEdkifav/ atmufajcmufbHkudk? pdk;wHkydkifjcif;? e*g;rif;\? &ifwGif;orD;? txGD;vSpGm?
yef;eDvmrSm? urÁvmEdkaESmif;? yef;qyfoGm;udk? idkvdkUawmif;a&/ awmfrGdwpif;? yef;c&if;ESifh?
oDwif;oHk;[ef? e*g;rif;vQif? odrfawmfjyifrSm? yef;vSLcHa&/ ryD;rnfavm? yD;rnfavm?/
pDom;jrifwdkif;? r&Tefavmb? BuD;vGef;a'&m? qdkvdrfhrnfaomf? ,if;rSmwwef?
yef;qyfoGm;udk? vSLcjyefa&/ ewfrsm;omxk? ac:vDa'&m/ e*g;jynfrSm? r,faumif;rIav/

,if;ureD? vlUjynfwwm? vlUjynfvm;vnf;? þodkU rTD;BudKif? yef;teHU&m? raysmufEdkifav/

aiGESifhwwm? aiGESifhzau? yef;qyfoGm;udk? a&mif;rnfvm;av/ aiGESifhwwm?
aiGESifhzvnf;? yef;qyfoGm;udk? r,fra&mif;av/ udk,fhrSmpDuRef? udk,fawmf&H? wrefpDcsuf?
taemufjynfrSm? pDvdkufaw&m? vloQpfaomif;av/

r[lwfwrl? [kwfwrl? a&TESifhwwm? a&TESifhzau? yef;qyfoGm;udk? a&mif;rnfvm;av/

a&TESifhwwm? a&TESifhzvnf;? yef;qyfoGm;udk? r,fra&mif;av/ udk,fhrSmpDuRef? udk,fawmf&H?
wrefpDcsuf? t&SdjynfrSm? pDvdkufaw&m? vludk;aomif;av/

r[lwfwrl? [kwfwrl? qifESifhwwm? qifESifhzau? yef;qyfoGm;udk? a&mif;rnfvm;av/

qifESifhwwm? qifESifhzvnf;? yef;qyfoGm;udk? r,fra&mif;av/ udk,fhrSmpDuRef?
udk,fawmf&H? wrefqifzrf;? ydk;&TDuRef;rSm? pDvdkufaw&m? vludk;odef;av/

( 303 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
r[lwfwrl? [kwfwrl? jrif;ESifhwwm? jrif;ESifhzau? yef;qyfoGm;udk? a&mif;rnfvm;av/
jrif;ESifhwwm? jrif;ESifhzvnf;? yef;qyfoGm;udk? r,fra&mif;av/ udk,fhrSmpDuRef?
udk,fawmf&H? wrefjrif;zrf;? y*dk;jynfrSm? pDvdkufaw&m? vlq,fodef;av/

uRefom;wcg? ppfuvm? i,fvifwacguf? ppfua&mufau? wifygpDrnf? yef;qyfoGm;udk?

r,fra&mif;av/ ([def; - pdkuf - pdkuf - [def;)

(x&dyl&rS&aom {jcif;wrsdK;jzpfygonf/ udk,fawmfynmpm&qkaqmif;onf/)

"n0wDed*Hk;&Gmrsm;ordkif;omjcif; (tp^tqHk;)
ajrmufOD;NrdKU ausmuf&pfauq&m armifpHvS pyfqdkonf/
&cdkifouú&mZf (1116)? c&pfouú&mZf (1754) ckESpf &DG;ul;yDrl

tcef; (1)

(1) atmifaMumif;ra,r*FvH? atmifqkyefau? atmifoHanmif;anmif;? atmifygpD[k?

anmif&Davmif;vdkY? qkawmif;yXem? tzefzefav? rSef,©KvQif? jyKNyD;cg0,f? jrwfpGmAk'¨?
twkvHau? orÁK'¨ESifh? "r®oHCm? jrwfq&mav? rmwmyDw? *kPfuJvGefau? teE´udk?
um,0ZD? raemcsDau? oHk;vD'Gg&? uHoHk;jzmav? yPmrjzifh? ñTwfc½dkusKd;? vufq,fjzmudk?
xdyfrSmrdk;vdkY? &Sdcdk;OD;cs? Budrfzefzefjzifh? uRef,©Kau? jyKNyD;rSvQif? ol&ówD? vSqif;nDau?
a'0D&wem? uREkfyfrSmwGif? wnfygpDaMumif;? t"dXmefESifh? qkrGefawmif;rS? &Sda[mif;yDpm?
usrf;tvmudk? ,lumñ§dEIdif;? NrdKU"nmudk? ywfcg0dkif;onf? ordkif;pOfvm? ed*kPf;&Gmudk?
jy&mtcPf;? aemufwjzmü? xyfcgñTef;aomf? a&Teef;wnf&m? NrdKU"nm0,f? pE´mol&d,?
bkef;awmufxdefau? &mZdE´ESifh? Ak'¨jrwfpGm? b*0g½dkU? r[mrked? ajcmufoG,fa&mifjzifh?
ajymifajymifnD;í? aomif;xD;ausmfvSef;? jrwfbkef;armfav? udk,fawmf½kyfudk?
oGef;vkyfcef;ESifh? NrdKUeef;jzmjzm? wnfaxmif&mwGif? &SnfMumoufwrf;? twefwefudk?
um&efqef;ESifh? ñTef;umck0,f? aemufaemifvmudk? odyg&atmif? jyvdkufrnfav;/

(2) awmifuRef;ra,'Dyg? r[DcsmrSm? pDumvSy? jr&dyfNrdKifESifh? awmifpOf0dkif;au?

wdkif;&u©wGif? pE´ok"r®? rnfwGifac:í? bGJYawmf&au? rif;vSbkef;<u,f? ewfNrdKU[efodkY?
tvGefxl;au? ajrmufOD;jynfwGif? *kPf&nfrñId;? vuf½Hk;axmifau? tacgifrdk;vdkY?
pdk;onfhtcg? rsm;pnf;pdrfESifh? jynfhnDvwfau? abmif;'Gwf&Gmu? onmemr?
yef;jzLatmifESifh? armifxGef;jr[k? vSywifhw,f? oufEpS fq,fau? t&G,fwlajrmuf?
vkvifysKdav? xdkESpfa,mufrSm? bkef;awmufay:xif? rkedoQifudk? zl;jrifvdkvS? wdkifyifcHau?
tBuHrQvdkY? rdbtxH? vm;csifvdkonf? xdktaMumif;udk? cGifhawmif;yefí? ,ifjrefqGqG?

( 304 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
0wfpm;,ifí? qifNyD;rSvQif? rdk;xrIH&D? ESi;f 0D0DESifh? pHkvDzsK;zsL;? wausmfausmfESifh?
iSufawmfusL;au? &ufOD;r*Fvm? csdeftcgwGif? ESpfjzmwluG? rdrmwmESifh? yDwmzudk?
OD;csNyD;aomf? "nrnfau? NrdKUa'oudk? rSef;qarQmfvdkY? aysmfaysmfyg;yg;? a&TZcFgav?
r*¾gvrf;udk? vSrf;vdkYvm;aomf? rsm;jym;vSpGm? aus;vuf&Gmudk? vGefumausmfajrmuf?
&dyfNrdKifNrdKifESifh? *Edkifwef;rSm? pcef;axmufvdkY? &Sdaemufb,fnm? MunfhaomcgwGif?
pDumñGwfaysmif;? rsm;pHkvifau? opfyifaygif;rSm? &Gufa[mif;vnf;<uD? ñGefY½dk;wHrSm?
ywf&Hpkau? &GufEk0DvdkY? teDt0g? yef;rsm;pGmvnf;? rHkumyGifhzl;? oif;ysHUBudKifau? *EdkifOD;rSm?
aysmfjrL;0JysH? usD;iSufoHjzifh? ñdk;nHcsKdjr? awm*Edkifav? NrdKiftvSudk? 00½Ium?
wawm0ifau? wjyifoef;vdkY? vSrf;vwfygaomf? om,mvSy? ZD;acsmif;&Gmav? &yf*grudk?
a&mufMuwHkvsuf? jrNydKifanmifESifh? uHabmifxufrSm? wefYvQufwlnD? xdkifvdkYeDau?
xdkonftcg? omarmpnfí? aysmfbG,faumif;au? ZD;acsmif;&Gmu? uvsm½ly?
odef;ausmha0ESifh? raiGvS½dkU? ,ifqGrMum? &Duefomudk? vSrf;vmqwfqwf? ncsrf;eDrSm?
aomuf&Dcyfí? wufvwfumv? yef;jzLatmifav? ysKdarmifxGm;rSm? pum;pvdkY?
>ruf[jcif;&m? armif½dkUrSmau? jynf&GmñGefYzl;? xD;eef;aqmifjzifh? xGef;ajymifawmufau?
NrdKUajrmufOD;u? oHk;vlYxdyfyef? udk,fpm;rGefudk? zl;&efpdwf[d? a'&yf&Gmudk ?
a&mufvmbdvnf;? todrdwfaqG? r[dayau? ESrtdrfrSm? wnnfhwmudk? wnf;ygpD&ef?
vSwifhw,fav? ysKdaraESmif;udk? armifawmif;yef[k? qdkjyefwHkjim;? odef;ausmha0av?
ysKdarMum;u? pum;om,m? armifvlysKdudk? EIwfcsKdysm;ESifh? ajymMum;&mum;? r[mrked?
jrwfbkef;rdkudk? zl;vdkbdí? c&D;xGufcg? ar½dkU&GmodkY? a&mufvmwHk&? odrdwfaqGav?
auwE´dvQif? r[dMuaomf? csrf;jr&dyfNidrf? ar½dkUtdrfrSm? wnf;rSDzdkY&m? ,ckyifvQif?
rSefpifppfau? vdkufvwfyg[k? ac:umolx? wlruGmbJ? vdkufvmMuaomf? rGD;zrdcif?
0D;uyifvQif? ½IjrifwHkjim;? om;yrmau? rdwåmyGm;í? oem;wHkNyD;? aMumif;xdkxdkudk?
odvdkjcif;ESifh? owif;rD;vdkY? odNyD;wHkajrmuf? &G,fEkysKdau? xdkESpfa,muftm;?
pm;aomufp&m? [if;rdpämESifh? npmxrif;? arvQifeDau? tdrftwGif;rSm? wnfcif;NyD;aomf?
&SdjyKyÜgav? Oa'pGef;u? v0ef;ay:a&/

(3) v0ef;ay:au? xdka&mfumv? odef;ausmha0ESifh? raiGvS½dkU? wluGruGm?qD;uGrf;,mudk?

vSrf;umNyD;ajrmuf? armifvlysKdav? xdkESpfa,mufrSm? pm;aomufNyD;au? aMumif;rsm;zsifudk?
odcsif&D;ESifh? rD;vwfawum;? a&Tjynfatmifeef;? MuiSef;xlau? xD;jzL&Gef;vdkY?
rif;cPf;wefwef? pnfawmfoHjzifh? qlnH[dvwf? "nac:au? NrdKUawmfjrwfudk?
&Hywf0dkif;um? ed*kPf;&Gm\? onmemr? wGifac:yHkvQif? [lorQudk? ESrunm? odwHkjyefaomf?
rusef&a,mif? ajymjyyg[k? xdkcgumv? odef;ausmha0au? artvSu? armifvSwifhw,f?
arajymqdkau? xdkpum;udk? axmifem;wnfyg? jyefYus,fpGmvS? uRef;OD;NrDrSm? oNyDcvdkY?
a&mifjr0D0D? atmifjcif;nHí? atmifoHusL;vdkY? ZrÁL'DrSm? onDa0g[m? axmyemESifh?
Mobmaomif;aomif;? owif;ay:í? eif;ausmfbdau? oD&dacsmif;wGif? rif;aumif;Budrfzef?
A[dknHí? pnfoH½dkuf[D;? a&Teef;aqmifjzifh? ajymifajymifnD;au? NrdKBuD;"nm?
atmifcsmcsufrSm? 'domaemuf,Gef;? usD;iSufoHjzifh? ñdk;nHanmif;au? ZD;acsmif;urf;wGif?

( 305 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
yxGef;usufo&D? vSqef;nDau? tdrfNcDrsm;pGm? vDnif;oGefí? aysmf&efaumif;au?
ZD;acsmif;&Gmu? ruGm0D;ajrmuf? oHausmfausmfjzifh? wac:avmufwGif? &Sdaemufwnfhcg?
oD&drm\? 'domaemufurf;? ewf½dkU&GmESifh? yrmñTef;au? aMumif;vrf;ZcFg? b,fESifhnmrSm?
oG,fumpDwef;? ta0,mav? aemfZmyef;au? 'ef;xyfw&m? ZDo0g½dkU? tcgrvyf?
yGifha[mif;vGefí? yHk[ef&ifhau? yGifhopfxyfvdkY? cdkifñGwfjzL0g? yef;eHYBudKifí?
&dyfNrdKifaumif;au? ykef;acsmif;&Gmudk? rMumxkwfacsmuf? armifouf0DrSm? vSrf;csdefa&mufu?
wa,mufem;um? xdkonfh&GmrS? t&mwzef? aemuf&yfxHodkY? ac:oHwMum;? odcsifvdkí?
&Sdudkvm;aomf? xl;jcm;omvGef? O,smOfNcHESifh? oD;ESHrsKd;rsKd;? wl;qGvSefau? aygufxGefwdk;vdkY?
pdkufysKd;Mutif? yGifhzl;qifí? atmifjrifjzpfxGef;? uGif;jyifus,frSm? jrxnf&Tef;odkY?
pdrf;vrf;pdkajy? usufoa&ESihf? wifhaywHkvwf? vkyfwdkif;atmifau? a'gif;a'gif&yfudk?
rcRwfraoG? ryef;cifyif? jrifumwGdau? a&mufvdrfhrnfav;/

(4) a&mufvwfjyefau? aysmf&efaumif;jcif;? avmu"HrSm? NydKifpHuif;atmif?

oefY,Sif;om,m? a'gif;a'gif&Gmudkd? vSnfhumywf0ef;? MunfhNyD;auvQif? &G,fv,fvrf;u?
ajzmifhwef;rSefpGm? awmif'domodkY? vSrf;vmjyefu? Oóyau? EGm;vSESpfxGef? c&D;pGefwGif?
0if;NcHNydKif;NydKif;? wqdkif;qdkif;ESifh? wHwdkif;yrm? &H0dkif;umí? rsm;pGmtdrfNcD? jynf0Sef;pDau?
qH&Dpyg;? 0wftxnfau? a&TaiGrsm;ESifh? ausmfMum;vlYcGif? vGefpnfyifí? vdktifjynfhjim;?
BuD;i,f[lau? vltrsm;rSm? ½dk;om;ajzmifhrSef? vkyftMuHudk? tm;oGefBudK;yef;? vHkvoefí?
ZGJrmef<uau? ra,mhwef;jzifh? vkyfief;aqmifwm? t&m&mwGif? nDnmpnf;vHk;?
udk,fcsif;pmau? or®mxHk;udk? ESvHk;ydkufcg? raumif;&mudk? y,fcgpGefYxm;? aumif;pD&efav?
ñTefpum;udk? em;axmifem,l? wa,mufvlwGif? tyla&mufu? w&GmolrSm? 0dkif;ulMuvdkY?
az;ru,fwif? vlwdkif;yifvQif? MunfvifESvHk;? &Sdta[mfu? olawmfxHk;aMumifh? &GmvHk;pHkpGm?
&wemjzifh? csrf;om<u,f0? omoemrSm? a&mif0gyvdkY? zufrQrjrif? azmfo[m½dkU?
aysmf&maumif;au? ta'gif;jyif[k? aomif;cGiaf usmfnm? xdkonf&Gmudk? a&mufygvwfaomf?
ukef;xdyfay:wGif? a&mifawmfxdefvQyf? arGo&Dav? apwDjrwfodkY? csnf;uyfNyD;vQif?
vufESpfjyifudk? xdyfwGifcsDrdk;? cgoHk;Budrfjzifh? OD;ESdrfusKd;vdkY? &Sdcdk;NyD;cg? &yfjyKyÜgodkY?
ajzmifhpGmwef;wef;? 0g;jyefwmjzifh? oQpf&mcef;udk? csDvSrf;wHkjyef? pnfarmif;nHí?
aysmfoHrwdwf? vlY&yfbHkrSm? *kPw f HqdyfESihf? ykPÖ&dyf&Gmr? ac:wGifayau? &yfa'oudk?
a&mufygvdrfhrnf? &Sdajrmuf,Hudk? wzefxyfvdkY? ½Ivwfacsaomf? raoGjcm;uGm?
wmig;&mwGif? vGefpGmpnfum;? a&mif;t0,fjzifh? ukefonfrsm;½dkU? urf;yg;wcGif?
avmif;pyfwifESifh? vGrf;Muifaxmifaygif;? em;cdkjyefau? ukef0,fa&mif;vdkY?
aomif;aomif;vnf;ql? rsm;oQifvl½dkU? 0,folrjywf? jrpfurf;jyifrSm? xGuf0ifjim;au?
ysm;yef;cyfodkY? vSnfhywfvl;vm? þ&yf&Gmum;? om,mwifhw,f? &cdkifjynfrSm?
ausmfonf*kPf[dwf? vdk&mpHkau? yHkPÖ&dyf[k? wHqdyfemrnf? wyf0if;NcHESifh? ywf&Hvpfau?
&Gmopfwnf[k? EkarysKdvS? odcsifvdkau? vlysKdacsmudk? ajymvdkYjya&/

( 306 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(5) ajymvdkYjyau? xdkrSwzef? awmif&yfxHodkY? 0g;jyefajcmuf&m? vSrf;aomcgwGif?
ig;&mtdrfNcD? &dyf0D0DESifh? eDvnf;rxdk;? yef;opfyif½dkU? &GmwGifrdk;vdkY? ausmf[dk;vlcGif? &wemESifh?
Opömaygau? yef;awmjyifudk? t,iftjref? a&mufvwfjyefaomf? wzefxdkfrS? 'u©dPodkY?
arQmfumvSnfhvQif? Munfhvwfuau? jrjrrdkYrdkY? pdrf;pdkYpdkY ESifh? rIdif;ñdkYrIHjym? &Gmw&Gmudk?
jrifygvdrfhrnf? xdkonf&Gm\? rnfemrudk? od&ayatmif? ESrajymMum;? rSwfom;&efau?
ñTefpum;udk? axmifem;vnf;em? þonf&GmwGif? &SnfMumjrifhvpf? pnfyif&Gmau?
a0omacwfu? ajyjypfvSpGm? ydokum½dkU? aumif;pGmxkvkyf? vuf&mrGefí?
vGefacsmnufau? usm;euf½kyfudk? &GuftkyfñdkarSmif? jrNydKifanmifESifh? uHabmifxufrSm?
0wfvsuftrSef? vGJrz,fbJ? NrJwnfbdau? [djcif;[efaMumifh? &Duefusm;euf?
aygif;pyfjyefí? eHESpfcsufudk? wGJzufNyD;cg? ,if;&yf&Gmudk? onmemr? usm;eufuefav?
wGifjyef&[k? armifvSaumif;pGm? rSwfNyD;cg0,f? jyKyÜgpl;pl;? vIdif;Muufckefau? ,rkefjrpfudk?
ppfppful;vQif? MunfEl;pyÜg,f? vGefoyÜg,fí? wifhw,fa,mufywf? ajcmufa&mifnD;au?
apwDjrwfudk? jrifvwfvdrfhrnf? ordkif;rSefESifh? wnf[efrsm;udk? ajymMum;rnfum;?
vGefonf&Sdu? avmif;Muufrnfau? a&TjynfrwGif? Avynm? bkef;tmPmESifh?
&mZmrif;xD;? eef;&dyfcdkau? xdkrif;BuD;rSm? owådjynfhpHk? &JpGrf;*kPfESifh? udk,f,HkrwfvS?
t&m&mwGif? vdr®modau? 0drvvQif? rdpäXmae? oufwdkif;jynfu? jyefonfumv?
apwD&mwGif? Adkvfwm0ef;au? pcef;csvdkY? cwå'D0g? em;NyD;cgvQif? atmifcsmueuf?
a&Teef;bHkjzifh? *kPfrcsKdUau? NrdKUavmif;MuufodkY? csDwufNyD;cg? rsm;rMumyif? jyefvmwHkvwf?
tkwfcsyfpDau? apwDjrwfudk? a,mufywfwifhw,f? wnfxm;ayí? jrifh&SnfvGefanmif;?
tvDvDau? &moDajymif;vdkY? ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm? MumaomcgwGif? aoemy"d? &JpGef;*kPfjzifh?
jynfhpHkvwfau? rwfu0dESifh? rif;xD;bk&if? ewfeef;0ifaomf? wq,fausmfí? pGef;ay:ckepf?
rif;apmrGefvQif? eef;pHacwfwGif? ouú&mZfaumZm? ckepf&mESifh? pGef;vmajcmufq,f?
oQpfck0,fwGif ESdyfpufrsm;pGm? odkYwGufwmaMumifh? jynf&GmysufpD;? (-----)? tdk;tdrfcGmí?
xGufcGgNyD;aomf? jynfBuD;r@dKif? a&T&cdkifrSm? tdrfwdkifEG,f&pf? jrufopftHkí? &SufjcHKaESmau?
v,fawmjzpfvdkY? tESpfESpfq,f? umv&Snfatmif? Mumayaomcg? rpädrmu? &mZbkef;oef?
ol&wefvQif? axmufuefNyD;jim;? aomif;xd0Datmif? AdkvfNcDrsm;ESifh? rif;om;apmrGef?
jynfawmfjyefí? &efudkESdrfNyD;? avmif;Muufac:au? NrdKUawmfBuD;rSm? eef;xD;xyfrH?
pdk;rdk;pHvQif? EdkifiHt0Sef;? &DESifhMumau? yrmñTef;odkY? tD;csrf;om,m? [dvwfcgwGif?
jyefvmrpJ? udk,fh&yfe,fav? &GmjynfxJrSm? pkpnf;0dkif;tHk? opfEG,fNcHKudk? tukef,Sif;ajrmuf?
nDtnmjzifh? tdrf,maqmufvdkY? 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om? rsm;vloQifrSm? om&TifysvdkY?
jyefMucg0,f? rnfomvTrf;ausmf? awmifOD;armf[k? wGifac:wHkjim;? rsm;jym;pGmau?
xdk&Gmom;rSm? aygufzGm;Zmwd? rdrd&Gmudk? pGefYcGmbdí? bkef;[dxifay:? apwDawmfESifh?
wac:avmuf0,f? wlruGmbJ? pkvmvwfau? &Gm&yfwnfvdkY? trnfemr? jrwfapwDudk?
rSDo[Jau? pGJNyD;rSvQif? rsm;vSvloQif? apwDjyif[k? ac:wGifrnD;? "nrnfau?
jynfawmf0Srf;rSm? yef;odkYrTD;vdkY? &yfBuD;om,m? þonf&Gmvnf;? "nmed*kPf;?
ywf0dkif;usifau? qifNcDzkef;[k? a&Tbkef;ouf0D? NrJruGmbJ? pGJumxm;au? rSwfom;vDav;/

( 307 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(6) rSwfom;ra,aumif;pGm? þ&yf&Gmu? t&mwaxmuf? 0g;jyefwmjzifh? ig;&m[dau?
t&SdajrmufodkY? ta&mufwcg? BudK;tm;aqmifí? cspfarmifjrwfrSm? vSrf;vwfygaomf?
om,moefY,Sif;? yef;eHYvIdifí? rTD;BudKifoif;vdkY? cyif;vloQif? tdrfwdkif;wGif0,f?
jcnfiifAdkif;0ifh? wef;cgvSnfau? txnfqef;atmif? &uúef;&ufvdkY? toufrGD;&m?
,Ofo,f&Gmudk? rMumcP? a&mufjyefaomfvQif? armifawmfvSrSm? jrif&vdrfhrnf?
,dkifo,f&Gmu? wcgxyfvdkY? MunfhvwfcDaomf? XmeD'do? Owå&wGif? EGm;vSwxGef?
jrpfurf;,HwGif? vDoGefcsKdjr? &dyf0D0DESifh? eDrcbJ? vSyom,m? &Gmw&Gmudk? jrifygvdrfhrnf?
odpD&efvQif? rSeforQudk? ajymjyrnfum;? &Sd0,ftp? þ*gr\? rlvonm? rQm;vloQif½dkU?
ac:wGifvwfau? a*gufywf&Gmwnf;? t&mwzef? þonf&Gmudk? onmxyfvdkY?
ac:vwf[efum;? bkef;uHBuD;vS? vuf½Hk;a&mifjzifh? ajymifajymifyau? 'ó&mZm?
rif;jrwfpGmvQif? tmPmjzefYrdk;? wdkif;&u©mudk? tkyfumpdk;aomf? zD;zdk;pOfvm? udk;uG,fygc?
r[mrked? ajcmufa&mifnD;au? jrwfoD&dudk? c&D;0D;uGm? jrpfod*Fgü? onmausmf[dk;?
aovmawmifav? jrifhacgifxufau? 0ufowdk;u? &Sdcdk;yefxGm? yifhaqmifvmí?
pE´ol&d,? rif;&mZdefESifh? rkedE´½dkU? rlvoGef;&m? NrdKU"nm0,f? awmifomykvk? jr&dyfNrdKifav?
uwnKwGif? jyKpkxyfrH? wnfxm;jyefí? um&HwHwdkif;? rif;&mZmrSm? o'¨gvIdif;í?
rqdkif;,ifpGm? jyKvkyfcgwGif? þ&Gmü0,f? ausmufrsm;pGmudk? nDnmjzwfí? qwfvwfawpk?
xdkonfup? þ*grudk? rsm;vSolig? aemufwzef0,f? wGifjyefvwfau? ausmufqwf&Gm[k?
onmvTrf;ausmf? ,ckwdkifav? pOftqufau? >rufvdkYac:a&? armifawmfrSwfom;?
þ&yf&GmrS? wcgvm;aomf? trsm;ruGm? ajrmuf&yfomwGif? pOfvmoufqif;? NrdKU"nmu?
&mZmrif;½dkU? r,Gif;pHknD? atmifarmif;pDí? &moDrdó? pdwå&Hav? oBuFefvrSm? xl;pGobif?
avmif;yGJwifí? aysmf&TifwHkMu? usOf;rus,fau? acsmif;i,f0wGif? pdkufxyef;wdkif?
,IH;tEdkifudk? yGJxdkif½I&m? þonf&Gmudk? rsm;pGmvlaygif;? wGiftpOfau? yef;wdkifacsmif;[k?
ESpfaygif;jrifh&Snf? rsm;oligvQif? þ&yf&Gmudk? ac:vwfawav;/

(7) ac:vwfra,olig? yef;wdkif&Gmu? wcgESpfxyf? wmig;&mvQif? jyefumaxmufau?

ajrmuft&yfodkY? wnfhrwfajzmifhpGm? armifoufESHrSm? wzefvSnfhvdkY? MunfhaomcgwGif?
ñdkjymrIdif;rIdif;? wqdkif;qdkif;ESifh? ½Iwdkif;om,m? &cdkifjynfrSm? emrnfaumif;au?
anmifacsmif;&Gmudk? aocsmuse? armifyef;wefrSm? rSefrkcsvQif? jrif&vdrfhrnf?
a&mufzl;a,mifav? armifoufxm;rSm? vm;vdkYvnfyg? aysmfzG,fpHkjcif;? aumif;owif;ESifh?
aomif;wGif;ausmfnm? þonf&Gmudk? &SnfMum&Sdu? rsm;vlAdkvfyg? ac:qdkMuau? emronm?
avmu"HrSm? pHrnD;au? uHBuD;&Gmwnf;? wcgaemufxyf? anmif;acsmif;&Gm[k?
onmwyfvdkY? ac:vwfjcif;&m? ordkif;vmudk? xkwfcgjyo? odavmufayatmif? oHacyjzifh?
tptqHk;? &mZ0ifrSm? pmwifxHk;udk? a&Tbkef;cspfarmif? tNrJyifvQif? pdwf0ifpm;í?
armifem;axmifav? ,acgifumv? wdkif;atmifNrDav? a&T&u©wGif? NrdKUjyt*Fg? pHkvifpGmESifh?
atmifcsmueuf? xD;eef;wnfau? prÜ0SufrSm? eef;wufpdk;pH? ukovHav? &SduHvnf;xl;?
bkef;oazmESifh? awZmjyif;au? rif;bDvl;udk? OmPfxl;pDrH? rif;b,vQif? eef;r&dyfcdk?
jraygufñdkESifh? ESpfudk,fwlvS? zD;vGwf&modY?k ykef;um0SufvdkY? xGufNyD;Muaomf? wrÜ0wD?

( 308 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wGifrnfcsDau? XmeDjrwfrGef? jynfyk*Hudk? a&mufjyefonfjzpf? xD;eef;pHau? rif;usefppfodkY?
OD;wdkufcdk0if? jrifhMumwifí? bk&ifusefppf? ZD0duGmí? ewf&Gmvdkufu? NrD;cspfoJtl?
txuf&Sdu? jynf&cdkifudk? ydkifqdkifjcif;au? rif;b,\? ykwåpDwm? a&T*lomESifh?
vusFmrif;eef? rsKd;½dk;rSefudk? rif;rGefacgifzsm;? aomif;xd0Datmif? AdkvfNcDrsm;udk? oem;NyD;cg?
wdkif;&u©modkY? rMumrqdkif;? avmif;rif;eefudk? tjyefcdkif;í? NrdKUwdkif;jynf&Gm? bdk;&dyf&mudk?
jyefumodrf;ajrmuf? NrdKUy&defrSm? a&mifxdefvTrf;atmif? a&Teef;aqmufvdkY? bkef;awmuf&Sdef0g?
pdk;pOfcgwGif? wrÜg'Dy? NrdKUyk*HrSm? bkef;vQHyau? &mZrSeful? BuD;ynmESifh? awZmjyif;au?
rif;pOfolu? ewfvl½dkñGwf? rkedwGifau? toQifjrwfudk? yD;tyfvm&ef? pmo0efjzifh?
awmif;cHvwf&m? xdktcgwGif? vusFmrif;eef? r,fawmf0efESifh? Budrfzefrsm;vS? nDvmcGifrSm?
wdkifyifMuvdkY? Ak'¨qif;avQmf? ½kyfyGm;awmfudk? xifay:ausmf[dk;? awmifxdyfcRefav?
jrifhcRefwufau? 0ufowdk;ü? ykef;vQdK;0SufaxG? wdwfwdwfaujzifh? xm;ayNyD;rS? pmo0efudk?
yk*HNrdKUrSm? qufydkYMuvdkY? &GD;xjcif;&m? taMumif;rSmum;? &mZmwkvGwf? bkef;awZmjzifh?
tmPmjyif;au? oQifrif;jrwfav? vlY&yfay:xif? rkedoQifu? ,cif&Sdfrsm;? wvdkif;[lau?
jyLtrsm;ESifh? ppfom;qdk;oGef;? toQifhuRef½dkU? aygifwHaMumom;? jzwf,lygau?
jcif;&mrsm;aMumifh? ajcmufyg;a&mifvGif? rkedoQifrSm? ckvQifwvD? pHjref;aysmfau?
odrfawmfatmufrS? uG,faysmufNyD[k? pmyD&GD;vsuf? NrdKUyk*HrSm? wrefqufí? v&ufESpfwm?
tcsdefMumaomf? yu©'defrSm? &ufcsdefanmif;vdkY? ajymif;vwfuvQif? 'ó&mZm?
eef;wufcg0,f? r[mrked? wef;cdk;awmfjzifh? vTrf;ausmfvwfau? jrwfaAm"dudk?
rnf[dausmf[dk;? cgwzefwGif? rif;eef0Sufau? 0ufowdk;u? &Sdcdk;yefxGm? yifhaqmifvmí?
þ&Gmü0,f? a&Tyef;NrdKifau? ,mOf&xm;udk? &yfem;ayí? yef;ajzanmif;nm? wefYem;ygí?
xdkcgup? omarmpnfau? þa'oudk? anmifacsmif;wGifa&/

(8) anmifacsmif;ra,&yf&Gm? xdkeD&mu? wcgarQmfaxmuf? jyefudk;&mvQif? wdkif;wm[dau?

t&SdajrmufwGif? bkef;awmufay:xif? rkedoQif\? pH&TifaysmfrSD;? ukef;xdyfay:rSm?
odrfawmfBuD;udk? xdefnD;wifhw,f? MunfEl;zG,fESifh? jrifrnfrvGJ? wajymifajymifESifh?
odrfaqmifxJrSm? tNrJrSefpGm? pOftvmjzifh? tcgrdó? pdwå&Hau? 0if;&HyvdkY? rmowef;cl;?
ESpfa[mif;vGefí? oBuFefusL;aomf? aysmfjrL;om&Tif? rsm;vloQif½dkU? jzLpif0wfpm;?
yef;eHYomav? MuufoQmrsm;au? ukuúm;wif;cGef? vufaqmifrGefESifh? vmjyeffwHkNyD;?
jrwfbkef;armf\? odrfawmfBuD;rSm? qDrD;ajymifajymif? ñSdxGef;axmifí? ta&mifxed fvuf?
vif;tm½HkwGif? oHpHkusL;au? zl;0wfwufvdkY? EIwf>rufcsKdjr? rsm;oawåav? a0ae,sudk
trQtnD? &MupD[k? yD;0DwHkNyD;? acgif;avmif;oHjzifh? qlnH[D;vdkY? aumif;csD;Ekarmf?
om"kac:í? ylaZmfNyD;vQif? ywf0ef;usifrS? aysmf&TifrqHk;? pnfyifomau? &Gmtm;vHk;u?
&TifNyHK;Munfvif? tvSLoQif½dkU? pD&ifjyKpk? ysm;&nfoGefau? oBuFefrHkYudk? &SdOFD;t,if?
rkedoQiftm;? qGrf;wifNyD;vwf? rsm;oHCmudk? o'¨gvTrf;au? rkefYqGrf;uyfvdkY?
aemufxyfwoG,f? Oykofo,fESifh? BuD;i,fr[l? a&mufvmoludk? yD;vSLwHkajrmuf?
rGef;wnfheDau? qGrf;csdefa&mufvQif? 0rf;ajrmufom&Tif? rkedoQifü? qGrf;wifNyD;cg?
jrwfoHCmtm;? &G,fumvSL'gef;? o'¨gjzLí? uyfvSLcJhau? rGef;wnfhqGrf;udk? &[ef;bkef;[d?

( 309 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vGefpifMu,fau? ax&frked½dkU? y#dukv? t[m&[k? ypö0u©Pm? tcgcgyif? wifumvnf;½I?
qGrf;abmZOfudk? rwånKjzifh? "mwfpkav;jzm? rQ½Hkomjzifh? csdefumcsifhaxmuf? 0denf;vmau?
usrf;txHk;ESifh? oHk;NyD;aemufwGif? pm;aomufzG,f&m? qGrf;&omudk? oQpfjzmoDv?
aqmufwnfolau? [lorQudk? auR;MuNyD;vQif? odrfawmfjyifrSm? vloQifpk½Hk;?
ax&fr[mav? q&mbkef;xH? vufOD;q,fpHk? xdyfxuf½Hkí? a&TbHktrwf? jynfedAÁmefodkY?
vrf;ñTefjyau? "r®xl;cRef? w&m;rGefudk? emcHNyD;rS? okE´&Dudk? oufoD>rufau? &DpufcsvdkY?
udpöukefpif? NyD;pHkvifaomf? a&mifvGifawmufxGef;? zmvfpMumrSm? a*g,muRef;odkY?
apmif;,Gef;cgrSD? rGef;vGJeDrSm? pHknDvSjim;? &GmxdkxdkrS? vlysKdrsm;ESifh? EkxGm;ysKd&G,f? unmar½dkU?
wifhw,favQmufywf? rkedwGifau? toQifjrwfudk? &DoyÜg,f&ef? vmMu[efudk? wzefaru?
aMumif;t&mudk? aygif;umaESmau? ajymvdkYjyrnf? ewfqif;a,mifav? armifoufxm;rSm?
axmifem;wnfav;/

(9) axmifem;wnfau? uGv,f½dkUu? ukef;xdyfay:rSm? odrfawmfvSodkY? tm;&pdwf&Tif?

vm;zdkYysifau? qif,if0wfpm;? q,fhESpfawmifav? awmufajymif&Tef;au? yef;'G,m;udk?
qef;jym;atmifyif? cg;üqifí? ñdkvGifa&mif[yf? jrBudK;EG,f[k? trnfxdk;au? ydk;cg;ywfESifh?
pnf;vwfNyD;axG? vSqef;Mu,fau? cg;us,fvufusyf? ydk;tusÐrSm? abmfpDuyfvdkY?
qif0wfNyD;cg? qHauomudk? nDnmpk½Hk;? &pfywfaESmifí? ysKdarmifa*gif;rSm? wapmif;xHk;vdkY?
yGwfvHk;azmfum? ydk;tcsmau? t0ga*gif;aygif;? vlysKdarmif½dkU? vSa,mifaygif;vdkY?
EGJUaESmif;wifhw,f? ½kyfydkif;jyifudk? jrifrnD;atmif? qifNyD;auvQif? waoGxdkYaemuf?
vSNyHK;csKdau? ysKdqa'guf½dkU? 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om? olYxufigvQif? vSygpDjim;? BuD;rSefjyifudk?
&SdwGifxm;vdkY? jrom;t[ef? a*gif;auqHudk? qDusHodrf;½Hk;? NzD;NyD;jyefaomf?
aumif;rGefxHk;au? em;uyf&wem? qifwef;qmESifh? ,OfpGmEGJUaESmif;? unmar\?
vufq,facsmif;rSm? ESpfacsmif;udkvTwf? oQpfacsmif;wGifü? qifum0wfau? vufpGyfrsm;pGm?
ar[wåmau? b,fnmESpf&yf? a&Tod*Ðudk? xdefxdefawmufatmif? vufaumuf0wfvdkY?
acsmrGwfwifhw,f? r,fvdkifwGifü? jrifrnD;au? ywD;oG,fav;? &ifus,fcg;wGefY?
yrmaqmifau? pGefawmifjzefYa,mif? ydk;ñGefYtusÐ? r,foñ§mvQif? vGefpGmqef;au?
eef;vHk;0DESifh? xrDydk;om;? pdrf;ñdka&mifESifh? awmufajymifjim;au? cem;ESpfqifh? eDt0gjzifh?
pDumwGJau? rusnf;yGifhudk? vSwifhnDpGm? NrDurÇmESifh? yGwfcgvnf;0wf? NrdwfwxGmESifh?
&pfcgydk;au? cg;BudK;ywfvdkY? qef;vwfwzHk? vTrf;xyfNcHKau? a&mifpHkNydK;jyuf? trsKd;rSefau?
ydk;wHygufESifh? wifhwifhw,fw,f? cifunm½dkU? wifum0wfí? NyD;vwfacsaomf?
ouf&G,fBuD;jim;? tbdk;tdkESifh? 'gtdkrsm;vnf;? 0wfpm;jzLpif? udk,f½Hkwifí? ,liifukuúm;?
rav;yGm;au? bk&m;vufaqmif? yef;rsm;ajrmifudk? udkifaqmifNyD;jim;? rkedoQifudk?
zl;jrif&atmif? &Sduvm;vdkY? zdk;zGm;aemufrSm? ysKdunm½dkU? ,OfpGmEGJUyg;? eHYom&nfudk?
aiGzvm;ESifh? xnfhxm;NyD;vQif? vGef½dkaoau? ysKdaraygif;rSm? a*gif;üwifvdkY?
aemufwGifwcsKdU? ñGefY0D0DESifh? oNyDxdk;í? &Dtdk;udk,fpD? &Gufxrf;csDvQuf? tnDwl&m?
xdkaemufwGifau? qif,ifoau? rsufpNyHK;csKd? armifvlysKd½dkU? oHcsKdtD;tD;? tHjcif;qdkí?
pnfudkwD;vQuf? oHBuD;oHvwf? bHkarmif;pDí? >yDudkrIwfau? vufckyfcwfvdkY? xuf&yfebH?

( 310 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rdk;wdrfpGefodkY? toH[D;um? aMumif;ZcFgu? nDnmwluG? rkedoQif\? &ifjyifpodkY?
vSrf;MuNyD;aomf? xdkodrfawmfudk ? aumfa&mfav;jrwf? ½dkaopGmjzifh? oHk;cgywfvdkY? &Sd&yfjyKyÜg?
Oypmu? tomvSrf;vsuf? rkedoQifav? pH&Tifjref;au? ukef;wef;xufodkY? wufMuNyD;cg?
vufq,fjzmudk? xdyfrSmwifrdk;? oHk;cgBudrfau? OD;ESdrfusKd;vdkY? &Sdcdk;NyD;vQif?
a&mifajcmufoG,fESifh? wifhw,fbdau? rkeo d Qifudk? MunfvifpDaMumif;? om"koHau?
nHaomif;aomif;jzifh? rTD;aumif;eHom? &DBudKifpGmjzifh? oGef;cgavmif;axG? cgoBuFefrSm?
xdrfnHvwfatmif? &DoyÜg,fa&/

r[mrked½kyfyGm;awmfoGef;vkyfcef;
tcef; (2)

(10) þodkYa,jzmjzm? NrdKU"nmudk? &Humywf½Hk;? vGefom,mau? &Gmtm;vHk;au?

odrf;usKH;NyD;cg? arajymqdkau? xdkpum;udk? rSwfom;yg[k? oHomcsKdjr? odef;ausmha0rSm?
qdkayMuvQif? vSy0if;ajymif? yef;jzLatmifrSm? aZmifvnf;wcg? ysKdyef;wefau? vSpHoD;udk?
rdefYvwf&mum;? r[mrked? ½kyfyGm;oQifudk? t,if&Sdu? oGef;zdjcif;&m? ordkif;vmudk?
aocsmuse? vSr,facgifrSm? ½kyfyGm;oQifudk? t,if½dkUudk? ajymvdkYjyyg? qdkaomcgwGif?
&,fumNyHK;NyHK;? odef;ausmha0av? pyg,fuHk;rSm? eef;oHk;yDpm? ordkif;vmESifh? EIdif;umwoG,f?
armifvlysKdudk? oHcsKdaESmvdkY? ajymvwfonfum;? &Sd0,fumv? jynf&cdkifrSm? NrdKU"nwGif?
oufusom*D? r[mqGDau? ZmeDbkef;wk? jrwf&mZmav? rm&,kvQif? jyKpkwnfaxmif?
eef;xD;jzLESifh? cGef,lrdk;vdkY? pdk;NyD;aemifwGif? rsm;ajrmifeef;wuf? om*D0ifau? bk&ifqufudk?
wGufppf&GDxm;? rsm;oG,foG,fESifh? ig;q,fhig;vQif? pHpm;aysmfrSD? ESpfvDvDudk? wGuf&GDaomcg?
q{umESifh? t|m{u? rsKd;jcm;Edkifí? pdk;ydkifoau? &mZbk&if? ajcmufqufwGif0,f?
pH&TifESpfESpf? "nrnfau? jynftoufudk? aygif;wufvdkufaomf? wGufppfrsm;ajrmif?
ESpfwaxmifESifh? xdkaemifoQpf&m? wq,frSmwGif? ausmfumoQpfESpf? ouú&mZfudk?
wGufppfjyef&m? wd{umESifh? t|mowå? xdkcg0,fav? jynf"nvQif? jzpfuysufjyef?
avmu"Hudk? rvGefEdkifNyD;? eef;xD;jzLudk? ydkifoluif;au? ,if;ysufpD;vdkY? woD;aemufrSm?
uH&mZm[k? onmemr? owif;ausmfí? bGJUawmf&au? rif;vSbkef;<u,f? wdkif;&u©mrSm?
"nmNrdKUudk? xyfvdkYwnfvQuf? qufEG,frysuf? xD;eef;xdkifí? pdk;ydkifNyD;au? om;NrD;qufvdkY?
eef;wufwHkNrJ? NrdKU"nmrSm? pOfumjzpfau? ESpfq,fhav;wGif? xl;uJawZ? EIH;rwefatmif?
bkef;uHyau? &mvrm,k? bGJUrnfawmfjzifh? wGifac:usL;au? EIdif;wkr&? jyif;tmPmESifh?
rif;&mZvQif? P0pE´D? cef;BuHKvDau? aumZmESpfudk? zsufypfNcDí? wvDtopf?
pef;ocsFmjzifh? wnfumcif;au? t<uif;ESpfu? wGufppfrSwf&m? xdkocsFmudk?
pOfumoHk;vsuf? "nrnfau? a&TjynfwGif;rSm? rif;av;qufvQif? eef;wufpHbd?
tqHk;pGefrSm? bkef;uH[dau? oD&d&mZm? bGJYrnfawmfjzifh? wGifac:vwfau? rif;jrwfpGmrSm?
awmifnmeef;pH? ukr®m&H[k? tvGefausmfMum;? vSwifhw,fí? toa&[dau? rdzk&m;wGif?
wufyGm;aumZm? a'G;owåmESifh? rIH0g&Djr? qD;ESif;,dkau? jymodkvfv\? jynfhx&ufwGif?

( 311 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tmumjyifrSm? eD0ifvkcg? vpE´mvQif? ay:umxGufp? vESifheDudk? ESpfvDyvdkY? jrif&csdefrSm?
om;ykwåmudk? awmifnmeef;r? rDG;oefYpifí? zGm;jrif&aomf? eDvESpfql? aygif;zufxlí?
aumuf,lNyD;cg? eef;avmif;vsmudk? pE´ol&d,? aomif;vHk;ausmfatmif? bGJUawmfoí?
xdrf;,rsm;pGm? EG,fr[mtm;? b,fnm&Hywf? pHjref;aysmfau? eef;awmfwGif;rSm?
BuD;jyif;vwfvdkY? rsKd;jrwfom*D? yg&rDESifh? ZmeDa,musFm;? ouft&G,fvQif? ESpfq,fhig;wGif?
zzGm;yDwm? rif;&mZmu? jynf&Gmeef;&yf? tvHk;pHkudk? tukeftyfaomf? rdk;ewfwrQ?
½kyfydkif;jyifESifh? toGifvSau? pE´rmvm? a'0Dcsmudk? awmifnmESif;tyf? MuiSef;v,fau?
&a0jrwfrSm? vufxyfNyD;cg? z&dyf&mudk? ,lumodrf;jref;? eef;bHkaqmifrSm? atmiftwdwfESifh?
bdodwfoGef;vdkY? a&Teef;pdkufwnf? wdkif;NrdKUjynfudk? jyefvnfrGef;rH? usKH;av;wefESifh?
um&HwHwdkif;? NrdK"nmudk? ywfcg0dkif;vQuf? &Hqdkif;wef;cg;? av;rsufESmwGif? cdkifpGmjyKau?
av;ckxm;vdkY? av;yg;rsKd;EG,f? &yfav;oG,fESifh? vrf;i,fvrf;BuD;? jynfhNzdK;0Sefau?
&DuefBuD;ESifh? NrdKUBuD;us,f0ef;? jyó'f½Hkau? pHa&Teef;yg? tqef;wMunf? jyKpkwnfaomf?
xdkonfup? wwd,au? "n0wD? wGifrnfcsDí? a&mufonfaumZm? owfe0gwGif?
&mZmbkef;<u,f? topfzefí? a&TXmefeef;rSm? pHjref;a&av;/

(11) pHjref;ra,aumif;pGm? NrdKU"nmrSm? &SnfMumESpfa&muf? wGufppfayaomf?

ESpfq,fhajcmufodkY? usa&mufaomcg? ESpfaumZmudk? &GDumwGufppf? udef;ocsFmrSm?
rSefrvGJau? wdaemtpfwGif? a&mifjrpf0if;xdef? tol&defau? yl[defjyif;jy? jrHKcdk;csKHau?
uqHkvü? t|'D0g? edAk'¨gwGif? jrwfpGmoHk;vlY *kPfaygif;vIdifau? oAÁKnKvQif?
aygif;pkrsm;pGm? ax&fig;&mESifh? tmumc&D;? wef;cdk;zefau? ,mOfysHpD;vdkY? wdkif;BuD;yl&?
jyó'fbHkjzifh? *kPfrcsKdUau? NrdKU"nodkY? jref;<ucsDvm? a&mufwHkygau? aovm*D&d?
rnf[dwHqdyf? rIdif;ñdkarSmifau? ausmufawmifxdyfrSm? £'¨dyg'g? &[EÅmESifh? jrwfpGmbkef;[d?
wef;cdk;zefau? ,mOfysHxufu? qif;oufNyD;í? t&SdrsufESm? NrdKU"nmodkY? vSnfhumjyKvwf?
a&mifajcmufqdkifudk? NydKifrEIH;atmif? uGefYjrL;vTwfaomf? wdkif;&yfjynfcGif? rsm;vloQifESihf?
bk&ifbkef;<u,f? jrwfa&mifjcnfudk? jrifonfumv? ,ckwHkü? jzpfyHkrsm;rSm? xl;jcm;vS[k?
&mZmbk&if? rwfpHkvifudk? ac:iifESD;aESm? nDvmcGifrSm? wdkifyifajymaomf? oabmrSefpGm?
aMumif;jcif;&mudk? r[m0drv? rif;bk&ifudk ? OD;wifovdkY? avQmufxm;onfrSm? ZrÁLcsmau?
'DyguRef;vHk;? a&mifajcmufqdkif½dkU? NydKifrEIH;bJ? uGefYjrL;NyD;au? eDva&mifxuf?
awmufajymif0if;au? vif;vwfawZk? tHhzG,faumif;pGm? a&mifajcmufjzmrSm? rkefpGmrkcs?
rm&ZDefav? rkedE´vQif? arm&*D0g? yAÁwmau? aovm*D&d? awmifxdyfAGDrSm? a&mufeDjcif;udk?
oQifrif;oda,mif? vTwfonfha&mifjcnf? rSefpifppfvQif? jzpfvdrfhrnf[k? avQmufonfhpum;?
rif;bk&ifav? em;wGifMum;u? pdwfxm;Munfvif? jrL;aysmf&Tifau? zl;csiftm;BuD;?
vif;a&mifay:í? pnfawmfwD;aomf? rl;BuD;rwf&m? ppfaoemjzifh? 0dkif;um&Hywf?
jrwfAk'¨mav? [d&m&yfudk? OD;ñGwfNyD;cg? ½dkaopGmjzifh? ,mOfomrpD;? o'¨gydkau?
xdkrif;BuD;rSm? a&TxD;ryg? NcDusifomjzifh? vGefpmG Murf;wrf;? ql;aji§mifhyHkí? &SufjcHKxD;au?
c&D;vrf;udk? jzwfoef;ausmfum? vm;NyD;cg0,f? aovm*D&d? pdrf;ñdkarSmifau?

( 312 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ausmufawmifxufudk? vSrf;wufNyD;aomf? apmxD;Ak'¨g? a&TrsufESmudk? o'¨gMunfEl;?
Budrfrsm;ajrmifvQif? 0a,mifzl;vdkY? vufOD;csDaxG? cgoHk;Budrfav? OD;ESdrfusKd;au? &Sdcdk;a&av;/

(12) &Sdcdk;ra,vDvD? vufOD;csDau? pHknD½dkñGwf? &SdawmfjyifrSm? cdk0ifzl;au? rif;rSL;rwfudk?

a,mufywfoifhavQmf? w&m;awmfjzifh? xkwfazmfa[mjim;? Mum;emolav? vltrsm;rSm?
oHk;yg;o&Pm? yÍö*Fg[k? ig;jzmoDv? NrJtrSefvQif? wnfjyefMuaomf? pE´ol&d,m?
rif;&mZmonf? b*0gAk'¨? e0*kPfESifh? jynfhpHkvwfau? jrwfvlYbESifh? oHCmrsm;pGm?
ax&fig;&mudk? "nmatmifcef;? a&Tta&mifjzifh? awmufajymifvQyfau? jyó'feef;odkY?
<ujref;NyD;cg? qGrf;&omudk? oHk;Muyg&ef? vufOD;csDí? 0pDanmif;au? avQmufawmif;yefu?
jyefvSefrajym? avQmufjcif;[efudk? vufcHNyD;au? wkPSdabmjzifh? oQifapmjrwfpGm?
eDaomcgwGif? &mZmrif;vS? pdwfMunfvifau? &Tiftm;&vdkY? rsm;pGmAdkvfyg? NcH&Humjzifh?
jyefvmwHkajrmuf? a&Teef;,Hudk? wzefa&mufvQif? xHarSmuf0ifjyef? eef;wGif;0efESifh?
tvGefxl;qef;? EdkY*PSmav? &omqGrf;udk? vHk;yef;pDrH? jywHkjyefí? Adrefeef;wGif;?
wkoDwmrSm? eD&mcif;vdkY? c0if;OóHk? NyD;jynfhpHkaomf? q,fpHkvufajr§muf? qGrf;oHk;&efau?
csdefwefa&muf[k? yifhavQmufaomcg? ax&fig;&mESifh jrwfpGmAk'¨? xuf0Vmau?
tmumou? yg'bdnmPf? wef;cdk;zefí? ,ifjref<ujref;? NrdKU"nmav? &mZmeef;odkY?
xl;qef;£a`E´? MunfñdkzG,fjzifh? a&mifjcnf0if;0if;? yef;pHk&Hau? eef;NcHwGif;rSm?
oufqif;aomcg? rif;&mZmvQif? w&mhoQpfuGuf? NydK;jyufayau? yga'pufudk?
OD;cswdkufum? BudKqdkvmí? r[mueuf? qef;tarmfESifh? eef;awmfxufodkY? a&TpufjzefYum?
wuf<uygí? aumif;pGmcif;tyf? wifhavQmufywfau? eD&mjrwfü? vlewfo&zl?
xdkifawmfrlaomf? MunfjzLav;jrwf? rif;bkef;armfu? qGrf;awmfuyfvdkY?
oifhjrwfawmfa,mif? qGrf;rsm;ajrmifudk? oHk;aqmifNyD;rS? a&Teef;olav? [lorQtm;?
"r®uxm? a'oemudk? aocsmaumif;jrwf? arm"emjzifh? a[mumcRwfaomf?
oHk;&yfo&Pm? wnfMuygí? ig;jzmoDv? eef;wGif;olav? [lorQrSm? edpöNrJaxG?
cgrusefau? vGefr,drf;atmif? apmifhxdef;a&av;/

(13) apmifhxdef;ra,NrJpGm? xdktcgwGif? o'¨gjyif;jy? yg&rDESifh? &mZdE´rSm? rsm;vSoHCm?

ax&fig;&mESifh? jrwfpGmAk'¨? usdef;tHhiSgav? 0d[m&udk? ,ifpGrMum? opf0g;&Smí?
awmifomykvk? jr&dyfNrdKifESifh? uwknKwGif? ½Hk;pknDnm? rsm;jynfolESifh? tm;ulavSmufvdkY?
aqmufNyD;cgwGif? us,fpGmr@yf? vGefwifhw,fatmif? jyKayvwfí? &HywfoHCm?
apmAk'¨gudk? yifhumvSLjim;? ausmif;0d[mrSm? aumif;pGmxm;vdkY? w&m;"r®? &ufrjcmatmif?
Mum;em&í? oHk;0o&Pm*Hk? jynfhNzdK;xHkí? ig;pHkoDv? t|*Djzifh? usifhnDrQvQuf? pE´ol&d,m?
rif;jrwfpGmESifh? jynf&Gmwdkif;om;? códef;olav? vltrsm;rSm? pdwfxm;MunfjzL? yD;tvSLESifh?
t,lajzmifwef;? omoemrSm? a&mif0gxGef;vdkY? yGifhvrf;cgp? usifhq,fjzmESifh? rif;&mZmvQif?
Ak'¨pH&m? ausmif;0d[modkY? vSrf;umcsD<u? rm&Zdefav? rkedE´udk? OD;csNyD;cg? aMumif;pHkvifudk?
bk&ifrif;rSm? avQmufjcif;&mum;? oHk;jzmavmu? wkr&au? nmPxGwfcsm? apmAk'¨gvQif?
jynf&Gmwrnf? odkYjzpfayí? pdaEÅjrwfpGm? b*0gESifh? wlpGmrjcm;? &wemESifh?

( 313 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oGef;umvkyfau? jrwf½kyfyGm;udk? oem;rdwåm? udk;uG,f&efav? rSef,ckvQif? cGifhjyKyg[k?
&mZmrif;aumif;? EIwf0gpmu? >rufcgawmif;aomf? usKd;aMumif;axmufum? rif;&mZmudk?
jrwfpGmoHk;vlY? a&Tausmif;ay:rSm? cGifhawmfjyKaomf? &SdOD;wifum? eef;bHkomodkY? jyefvmNyD;rS?
rSL;rwf0efav? yef&HcvdkY? oD[O*¾if? nDvmcGifrSm? wdkifyifNyD;axG? rwfwefwefudk?
wm0efcGJvdkY? vTJNyD;acsaomf? a&TaiGBuD;oH? wifrusefbJ? ig;wefavm[m? &wemav?
ojymcsyf&GD? ig;rsKd;pDudk? pkyHkNyD;au? wuk#Dtm;? BuHnDjzLqG? ig;pD;qifrSm? wifNyD;rSvQif?
owå&wem? nD;vlvlau? xD;jzLjrwfudk? aqmif;vwfygí? &mZmbkef;wk? vGefNrdKifqdkifau?
uwnKodkY? ½Hk;pknDnm? atmifarmif;nHvdkY? atmifvH&Tef;au? csDvSrf;cgjzifh?
vGefpGmBuD;us,f? r@yfv,frSm? a&mufonfumv? ig;pD;qif\? O*¾ifrSvQif? csMuNyD;jim;?
&wemudk? yHkumxm;rS? xif&Sm;ausmfvwf? ydokumav? q&mjrwfESifh? vlewfrsm;pGm?
udk;pm;&mav? r[mrked? ½kyfyGm;awmfav? aomif;ausmfvwfau? jrwfaAm"dudk?
oGef;onfhtcg? ESpfaumZmvQif? w&mhESpfq,f? oHk;cku,fwGif? a&mifjcnf0if;y?
yljyif;wHkau? uqHkv\? jynfhx&ufrSm? edAk'¨gwGif? pumoGef;bd? qkwfyu©modkY?
vGefvmjyKau? *k½kedwGif? xdefnD;½ly? vQyfppfa&mifodkY? ajymifajymifvif;au? qif;Ak'¨udk?
yÍöavm[m? &wemjzifh? oGef;umvkyfau? ajcmufa&mifxifí? jrifrnD;atmif?
oGef;NyD;a&av;/

(14) oGef;vdkYra,NyD;cg? NrdKU"nmu? jrwfpGmAk'¨? ax&fig;&yfESifh? jyefum<uaomf?

pE´ol&d,m? rif;&mZmrSm? a&mif0gxGef;nD;? vGefoyÜg,fí? wifhw,fvwfau? jrwfrkedudk?
OD;xdyf½dkao? *g&a0jzifh? wm&SnfpdwfñGwf? owdk;EG,frSm? udk;uG,fvwfvdkY? xyfxyfvDvD?
csdefem&Dau? &moD&Tdajymif;? ESpfvwmav? vGefMumanmif;atmif? rif;aumif;&mZm?
qnf;uyfvmí? aumZmouú&mZf? w&mu,fí? av;q,fhoQpfodkY? a&mufvwfaomcg?
rpädrmwGif? jrwfpGmAk'¨? jynfedAÁmefodkY? 0ifpHMuaomf? avmuvlYabmif? usKd;rsm;a,mif[k?
ig;axmifomoem? xm;vwfygau? xdkcgumv? NrdKU"nmu? rif;&mZmvQif? t|pwåm?
tpfocsFmudk? NzdKumcGif;x? omoemESifh? nDpGmrQatmif? wpfrSpí? ouúaumZm?
jyKwHkygau? pE´mol&d,? o'¨gjzLau? (----)? a&mufxaumZm? wckrSmwGif? cE¨m½kyfemrf?
ysufcsKyfjyefaomf? wzefeef;wuf? rif;vDvDudk? wGuf&GDajrmufau? wq,fhajcmufodkY?
rysufa&mufcg? ol&d,mau? EG,fvm0Ho? wef;cdk;ajymifí? bkef;a&mif[dwfESifh? pdMw[k?
emrwGifjcif;? NrdKU"nmu? &mZmrif;vQif? cef;<uif;BuHKvm? uddef;ocsFmau? e0gcq?
ESpfaumZmudk? NzdKumcsvdkY? xdkrSpOfvQuf? aemufxyfrHí? pdk;pHjcif;au? rif;udk;qufxd?
eef;wufMu&m? aumZmESpfudk? wGufppfygaomf? ESpf&mausmfvpf? pGef;umu,fí?
av;q,fhoQpfwnf;? aemufüwjzm? rSwfp&mau? "nmueuf? xD;eef;bHkjzifh? *kPfrcsKdUau?
NrdKUtoufudk? &GDwGufjyef&m? owfoHknmESifh? e0ga&mufatmif? eef;bHkaqmifrSm?
bkef;a&mifawmufy? &Sd&mZm½dkU? usifh&mxHk;udk? oHk;EIH;MuvQuf? pE´ol&d,m? jrwf&mZm\?
EG,fvm0Ho? rsKd;tEG,fESifh? pdk;onfrif;udk? ,Sif;vif;jyaomf? yÍö0dom? xdk&mZm½dkU? r[mrked?
trnfwGifau? oQifaAm"dudk? edndroG,f? odrfawmfjyifrSm? OD;wifñGwfau?
qnf;uyfawav;/

( 314 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(15) þavavau? þavausmf&Tef;? þodkYpDau? þESpfcef;wGif? jyñTef;aocsm?

ed*kPf;&Gmü? "nm&X? a&Teef;,HrSm? pdk;pHMuau? &mZjzmjzm? aygif;rsm;pGmESifh? r[mrked?
ajcmufa&mifay:au? udk,fawmfjrwf\? xkyÜwådudk? pdpdpyfpyf? aemiftpOfav? &cdkifom;½dkU?
odxm;uwfatmif? av;&yfwdkif;cGif? *gr0ifESifh? &mZ0ifcef;? jr'dk;a0\? &GD;onfusrf;udk?
rSDjirf;jyKum? þuAsmudk? jynf&GmñGefYzl;? eef;bHkaqmifjzifh? ajymifajymifawmufau?
NrdKUajrmufOD;ü? aysmfjrL;pzG,f? ausmuf&pfau[k? trnfom,m? &yfr[mwGif? ynmjynfh0?
[moOmPfESifh? armifpHvS[k? emronm? igq&mvQif? uAsmpDwef;? omjcif;oHudk?
um&Hqef;ESifh? ESpfcef;ajrmufpGm? uHk;NyD;ygí? zwfemolrsm;? qD;vdyfcsKdESifh? uGrf;udkpm;í?
wefYem;Muay? NrdKUa0om\? aMumif;&mxHk;udk? (aysmuf)

NrdKUwnfeef;wnfcef;
tcef;(3)

(16) wcef;ra,&yfcdk? aemufxyfrHí? um&efqef;ESifh? wcef;qdkrnf? armifysKdoufxm;?

yef;pHy,frSm? armifpum;udk? axmifem;qifyg? NrdKU"nmudk? ydkifumpdk;jim;? rif;qufEG,fav?
ESpfq,fhig;wGif? aemufzsm;qHk;pGef? tkyfpdk;pHau? EdkifiHrsuf½I? r[mEG,fav? rif;auwkrSm?
om;OD;ywåjrm;? vuf½Hk;a&mifjziffh? ajymifajymifxGef;au? p`E´m;udk? rif;zsm;&mZm? w&Hcg0,f?
t*Fgav;&yf? ppfaoemjzifh? &HumywfvdkY? rSl;rwfpHkpGm? NrdKU"nmu? xGufcgokwfokwf?
c&D;wmudk? ocsFmxkwfaomf? *g0kwfESpfjyef? &yfrsufESmudk? rSef;umaxmufaomf?
aemufajrmuf,HwGif? a&mufjyefumv? ukef;urf;NrDrSm? AdkvfNcD0ef;au? pcef;csvdkY? NrdKUjyt*Fg?
vu©PmESifh? nDpGmwifhw,f? usK;H ywf&Hí? wyfNcHqD;au? NrdKUBuD;wnfvdkY? *kPf&nfxl;jrifh?
eef;a0,Hjzifh? pHrEIH;au? uHoHk;qifh[k? eef;jrifhonm? xdkNrdKU&GmrSm? &mZmp`E´m;?
rwfawmf0efESifh? jcH&Hjim;vdkY? pHpm;aysmf&m? xdktcgwGif? Adkvfygqifjrif;? rdk;wGif;cg0,f?
,ifema&mufau? oDaysmufjcif;aMumifh? eef;wGif;bHkom? aqmifoD[mwGif? &mZmrif;vS?
rwfrsm;pGmESifh? wdkifyifMuaomf? aA'uRrf;usif? usrf;pHkoifí? ajrmfjrifESrfhod? wdkif;EdkifiHrSm?
vGefausmfaZmau? ya&m[d[k? u0drwf0ef? avQmufwif[efum;? tvGefausmfMum;?
rif;&mZdefav? peDom;rSm? xGufvm;csDbd? qef;pBuHKí? uqkeful;au? Ak'¨L;edwGif?
odrfhodrfhausmfnm? aemufrsufESmwGif? od*Fgeef;jrifh? aqmufpdkufoG,fí? NrdKUjynfajymif;au?
aMumif;yoifhí? eef;jrifhwnf&m? jynfatmifcsmwGif? emembm0g? zkwfNydwåm½dkU?
0ifuma&mufau? ya,m*aMumifh? rkcstrSef? vlrsm;pGm\? cE¨moufvQif? ysuf&jyef[k?
xdyfpGefvufxm;? avQmufwifyHkudk? r,Hkjim;í? y,fxm;NyD;vQif? aemufxyfrHí?
rwf0efrsm;udk? ajymMum;tifum;? ajrmfjrifOmPf[d? tjzmjzmudkd? vdr®mwwfau? rwfu0d½dkU?
oazmvu©Pm? &if;tcsmjzifh? a&m*guif;aMumif;? wwfMunfyGefí? vGefxif&Sm;au?
orm;aumif;ESifh? qD;aumif;enf;em? tjzmjzmudk? ,ifpGmcP? od[djyefaomf?
ighxHarSmufrSm? avQmufxm;Mu[k? csonfhtmPm? xdktcgwGif? ouf0gBuD;ajrmuf?

( 315 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ynm&Tifí? ausmfxifvwfau? rwfwa,mufu? wifavQmufwHkusif? eef;BuD;oQifau?
bk&ifbkef;acgif? <uif;rusefatmif? uRefYpum;udk? a&Tem;axmifyg? rsm;ajrmifvlom;?
jzpfyGm;ygau? a&m*grsm;aMumifh? ysufjym;wHkyg? þaMumif;&mum;? rdpämpHk;zkwf?
ewfNydwåmav? emem½kyf½dkU? jyKvkyfwHkMu? ya&m*av? a'gor[kwf? usrf;tñTefESifh?
rSefo½kyfudk? azmfxkwfvQufom? jy&ygrl? &mZmpHjref;? NrdKUwcdkudk? &Dñdk0ef;vdkY? npfnrf;&THUEGHU?
tif;tdkif&Hau? ykZGefvdyfig;? aysmfjrL;tifau? rSwfjcifrsm;í? wGifjim;emr? rsm;vlAdkvf½dkU?
ac:qdkajymau? aemyu[k? a'oþrSm? rdk;csdefcgwGif? r&GmroGef? rdk;acgifjyefaomf?
ylvGefjyif;jy? vlrsm;pGm½dkU? a&m*g&í? 0gwykwd? rnf[dwGifNyD? "mwfESpfvrD Sm? uJvGew f Hkx?
ikwfwHkygau? tmumoaMumifh? OPSawaZm? wGif;o@efrSm? vGefjyefYajymí?
ysufacsmwvD? yx0DaMumifh? trSDr&? 0ga,muefí? 0rf;oGefjcif;rSm? xefjyif;vS\?
xdkuwzef? ul;puf[efrSm? ñSDeHykwfjim;? ,dkpD;usifau? rpiftm;udk? ,if;rsm;tHkum?
pm;aomufygí? ysHumwjcm;? vlrsm;pGm\? tpmrsm;rSm? em;vwfwHkbd? xdktpmudk?
,lumyGm;au? pm;aomufrdí? jzpfonfha&m*g? xdktemrSm? jrefpGmul;puf? þyHkpHodkY?
jyefumajymif;au? axmifaomif;quf\? wcsufaemufrSm? þa&m*g\? jzpf&mrlv?
aomufoHk;eDau? &Dup[k? &SdurdefYrSm? pum;vmaMumifh? ckcgxifvif;? þjynf&GmrSm?
a&m*guif;atmif? &DwGif;&Duef? oefY,Sif;&efudk? aumif;rGefjyKjim;? aemifwvDwGif?
aomuf&Drsm;udk? BudKxm;wHkjyef? ,ifem;vmau? tpmrsm;udk? rpm;&efwnf;? wzefodtyf?
pGwfpdkpdkESifh? xdkt0wfudk? ruyfa,SmifcGm? tdrfwcGifav? jyiftwGif;yg? oefY,Sif;&m[k?
usrf;vmpum;? þenf;vmudk? aqmifumxm;vQif? BuD;xGm;vSpGm? þa&m*gvQif?
uif;uGmvdrfhrnf? rif;bk&ifudk? OD;wifajr§mufvdkY? avQmufvwfayaomf? bkef;<u,frif;vS?
rwfawmf0ef\? wif[efrsm;udk? &Tiftm;&í? rsm;pGjynfol? códef;ol½dkU? xyfwlxyfrQ?
enf;,loifí? tm;tifxkwfau? jyKvkyfMu[k? csonfhtmPm? xdktcgwGif? jynf&GmtwGif;?
xdkerludk? pH,lxkwfau? jyKvkyfjcif;aMumifh? NrdKUwGif;jynf&Gm? xdk,ifemrSm? jrefpGmuif;aysmuf?
jynfBuD;oQifrSm? &Tif0rf;ajrmufvdkY? wifavQmufenf;ñTef? rwfawmf0efudk? qkrGefcsaxG?
oD[mysHESifh? a0,sHeef;rSm? csDrTrf;a&av;/

(17) csDrTef;ra,Mobm? jywHkygau? &mZmxGwfxm;? watumrSm? awZmvTrf;au?

pE´m;vQif? wnfxm;pHvifh? rsm;Adkvfwm½dkU? ysufumqHk;au? uHoHk;qifhí? xD;zGifhrMum?
wESpfwmwGif? pGefYcGmNyD;vpf? ouú&mZfvQif? ESpf&mhav;q,f? udk;ck0,fwGif? XmaeoD&d?
aotcsmjzifh? a0omvdudk? ajymif;&Tdwnfaxmif? rwfrsm;ajrmifESifh? &TifrnD;atmif?
pHNyD;aemifwGif? jynfabmifw½dk;? a&Tjynfolav? vltrsm;½dkU? pD;yGm;wdk;atmif?
yefYydk;aumif;pGm? q,fajrmif;wmESifh? v,f,mrsm;jym;? wdk;csJUjyefau? pDrHxm;vdkY?
wyg;aemufwGif? wdkif;jynfcGifü? vloQit f rsm;? oDa&m*g½dkU? uif;uGmjim;atmif?
qD;0g;ynm? oiftHhiSgvQif? w&Gmwa,muf? rif;&mZmau? b@maxmufvdkY?
wwfajrmufatmifyif? jrwfq&mESifh? a0omNrdKUrSm? ac:vdkYoifí? vloQifoD;oD;?
wdkif;NrdKU&GmrSm? usr®m&D;udk? tm;yD;ulnD? wwfvdr®mau? q&mrsm;ESifh? ukpm;pDvdkY? wvDxdkrS?
a&mif;t0,fudk? wGifus,fvSatmif? armif;u&mZl? a[mif;opf[lí? nDwljyKjim;?

( 316 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
a&Tjynfol½dkU? oHk;wHkjim;au? oGef;xm;aocsm? vGefMunfvifí? aiGpifjym;au? '*Fg;rSmvQif?
r[mp`E´m;? jrwfbkef;rdkau? xdkrif;rsm;\? rGD;zGm;wHkjyef? peDeu H dk? trSefcyfESdyf? BuHpHkjyefau?
EGm;wHqdyfESifh? a&mifzdwf0if;jzm? wzufrSmwGif? &mZmaqmif;xdkuf? em&PDav?
odif*Dppfau? rudk#fyHkpH? aemufwzefum;? MumvGef&Sdu? NrdKU"nmrSm? awZmyau?
ol&d,&mZm? qufEG,fvm[k? ay:umñTefjy? pkHktnDau? eDESifhvudk? yDoaumif;rGef?
rudk#fawmf\? tay:xdyfrSm? cyfESdyfjyefí? yHkpHESpf&yf? ig;rl;[lí? oHk;,lpGJau? rlcGJcwfESifh?
wcsyfoHk;&ef? ESpfyHkpHudk? oGef;jyefrsm;jym;? &cdkifjynfav? e,ftESHYrSm? jzefYvyfjim;aomf?
azmufum;a&mif;0,f? toG,foG,frSm? wGifus,fjyefYajym? jrpfe'Dav? &DwaMumrSm?
oabFmvSD,if? avmif;vGef;Muif½dkU? xGuf0ifaomif;aomif;? wjcm;jynfu?
ukefonfaygif;vnf;? a&mif;&ef0,f&ef? vmMujyefaomf? ukef0efwifcs? oG,ft,lau?
vG,fulvSatmif? vSycdkifrm? ausmufrsm;pGmjzifh? pDumvkyfxm;? qdyfurf;NcDrSm?
ausmufvSDum;udk? p`E´m;rif;rGef? jyKvkyfjyefí? aiGcGefwdk;yGm;? a0omvDrSm? vGefpnfum;vdkY?
bk&m;jrwfpGm? omoemudk? yrmeDv? xdefxdefjzmau? a&mif0gyatmif? rpaumif;pGm?
aqmif&Gufumjzifh? a0omMuiSef;? a&Teef;aqmifrSm? bkef;a&mifxGef;vdkY? pHjref;aysmf&m?
eef;oufrSmudk? &GDumwGufaomf? ig;q,fausmfí? pGef;ay:ckepf? yGm;wufvmau?
aumZmESpfudk? wGufppfjyefajrmuf? udef;ocsFmav? oHk;&majcmufwGif? bkef;awmufyg&rD?
r[mqDGau? om*Drif;rsKd;? ouft&G,fvQif? oQpfq,fhudk;rSm? ysufñId;Zmwm? NrdKUa0omudk?
pGefYumwzef? ½kyfcE¨mav? ysufum,Gif;au? ewfeef;pHvdkY? wzefaemufrS? ol&d,[k?
&mZp`E´m;? rwfaygif;&Hí? pdk;pHjim;au? xif&Sm;ausmf[dk;? ESif;oufa0vQif?
av;q,fudk;wnf;? EG,f½dk;0Ho? qufEG,fjyefí? bkef;uHyau? armv&mZm? eef;pHrSmum;?
t|mpm&? rif;aygvvQif? &u©yl&D? a0omvDudk? cGefpDpdk;ajrmuf? NrJroG,fau?
av;q,fajcmufESifh? xdkaemufw0? jyif;tmPmESifh? rif;umvvQif? e0pwåm? NrdKUa0omudk?
pHvmNyD;ajrmuf? rif;jynfydkifav? pOfrysufau? ig;qufa&mufaomf?
xufatmufvTrf;ausmf? wkray:atmif? bkef;awmfBuD;vS? wdkif;EdkifiHudk? pdk;jyef&au?
xlvp`E´m;? wGifjim;wjzm? tmeE´m[k? onmbGJUY&? xdkbk&ifrSm? Muifr0au? tvSBuHnD?
½lydeD[k? a'0D&wem? bGJYonmrSm? ukr®mrdzk&m;? vSatmifcsmudk? awmifnmxm;vdkY?
pHpm;wHkvpf? rSwfocsFmav? aumZmESpfvQif? wGufppfig;&m? a&mufaomcgwGif?
oHk;jzmyd#uwf? jrwfZdaemfav? a[mazmfbdau? y&d,mwfudk? BuD;csyfürSm? &GD;xdk;umjzifh?
oHCm,eH? yÍöeHudk? rif;rGefapmxD;? NrdKUa0omrSm? oHCmrsm;ESifh? wifxm;NyD;aomf?
ysufpD;jyefcg? aemuf&mZm½dkU? xyfcgjyKpk? vkyfEdkif&efudk? pdwfBuHjyKvdkY? aumif;rI'ge?
wmoHk;axmifESifh? a*giftcsKyfau? o*kFwå[k? emrwGifjcif;? o&uf&GmESifh? vufumwGif;udk?
pdwf&if;jzLpGm? vSLvwfygí? tu©&m&GD;rSwf? BuD;csyfvTmrSm? aumif;pGmESdyfau? wHqdyfcwfvdkY?
rif;jrwfbkef;<u,f? aotcsmjzifh? &SnfMumrSwfatmif? xm;vwfawav;/

(18) xm;vwfjim;au? p`E´m;&mZm? tmeE´mvQif? bmomaumif;usKd;? pnfyifomatmif?

jynf&GmusKd;udk? tm;BudK;pdwfBuH? vkvoefí? pDrHjyKvdkuf? &Sdbkef;uHaMumifh? eef;pHpdk;au?
q,fhudk;ESpfwGif? ouú&mZfaumZm? wGupf pfcg0,f? ig;&mwq,f? ckESpfu,fwGif?

( 317 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uHacqdk;vS? jrwf&mZmrSm? ewf&Gm<uaomf? om;vSoufESH? wdkif;EdkifiHudk? ydkifpHpdk;bd?
xl;uJvGefí? bkef;uH[dau? oD&dp`E´m;? wom*Dw? ZmeDzGm;rSm? oufxm;Muif,m?
om0dwm[k? awmifnmESr? ewfqif;nDau? a'0DvSudk? uÍöermvm? bGJUYonmjzifh?
wifumajr§mufxm;? twefwefav? rwf0efrsm;ESifh? cpm;&Hywf? nD;vlvljzifh? xD;jzLrdk;au?
tkyfpdk;vwfvdkY? vTrf;ywfausmfvpf? eef;bHkysHrSm? pHonfESpfudk? &GDppfwGufusKH;?
ESpfav;q,fESifh? pGef;auoHk;wGif? &SdwHk;pOfvm? ESpfaumZmvQif? ig;&majcmufq,f?
a&mufcg0,fwGif? oHk;oG,fyd#uwf? apmAk'¨g\? >rufcgxkwfau? rku©ygwfudk? NyD;jywfpHkpGm?
BuD;csyfrSmü? oHCmrsm;ajrmif? aygif;ESpfaxmifESifh? &Gufaqmifuse? ajrmuftcsdefcg0,f?
ig;&majcmufq,f? a&mufvwfayau? xdkonfouú&mZf? cefYBuHKygau? aumZmESpfudk?
NzdKypfNyD;cg? wpfocsFmrS? pum&GDvpf? wufyGm;ygau? aumZmopfvQif? wGufppfESpfq,f?
udk;ckauwGif? bkef;<u,f&mZm? pkwdjyefí? ewfxH<uaomf? od*Fp`E´m;? om;oufESHvQif?
eef;pHjim;vdkY? nmxm;ESr? oGef;½kyf[efodkY? ok0PÖESifh? wluGruGm? wdkif;&u©mudk?
tmPmjzefYrdk;? csKyftcsmjzifh? tkyfcgpdk;vdkY? trsKd;bmom? omoemudk? vGefpGmajr§mufpm;?
NrdKUjynf&GmvQif? om,mjim;atmif? q,fyg;"r®? &SdpOfvmau? &mZxHk;udk? ESvHk;rQí?
o*F[av;wef? 'ge0Sefí? eef;pHpdk;ajrmuf? ESpfMum&Snfau? ajcmufq,fajcmufwnf;?
xdkaemufwjzm? ESpfaumZmum;? yÍöme0? a&mufaomcsdefü? Z&musvdkY? &mZbk&if?
ukodkvf[kefvQif? ukefumcef;au? ewfeef;0ifvdkY? xdkjyifaemufrS? EIH;rwefatmif?
bkef;uHyau? plVp`E´m;? wGifrnfqdkau? xdkrif;om;rSm? nmxm;ESr? wdkufav;awmifrSm?
udk,fa&mifyau? pE´a'0D? ra[oDESifh? a&TpHbHkeef;? rSL;rwf0ef½dkU? ywf&H0ef;au?
pHjref;aysmf&m? w&HcgwGif? &mZmrif;zsm;? OD;&pfemvQif? jzpfvmjim;í? qD;0g;pHkpGm?
tjzmjzmESifh? q&mtrsm;? twefwefvQif? ukjyefjim;vnf;? jzpfyGm;a&m*g? rcsrf;omaomf?
&mZmbkef;[d? rwfpHkvifESifh? wdkifyifñ§dvdkY? u0dOmP? a&Twdkif;awmifrSm? *kPfa&mifyí?
omr,ZÆK? £oQKwGifxm;? usrf;oHk;bHkudk? wwfwHkjim;au? [l;&m;tausmf? ykPÖm;awmfudk?
yifhac:,lvQuf? rif;&mZm\? Zmw<uufudk? wGufcsufaomcg? jA[®Pmau? q&mjrwfrSm?
a[mvwf&mum;? r[mawZ? bkef;awmf[defESifh? xdefxdefyau? rif;vSbkef;<u,f?
vGefpnfyifí? &TifrnD;au? oif;xGD;jynfwGif? &Sda0w0? tukodkvfav? ydkrdkBuD;au?
cGD;jzpfcvdkY? oDowGifjyef? OD;a*gif;cGHudk? yifoef&dyf0ef;? jranmifñdkvQif? rsKdumvTrf;vdkY?
ukefcrf;aqmif;v? &Gufusifjyefí? *drSefwGif;rSm? vDjyif;xaomf? udkif;rcufoH?
b,fnmvefí? vIyfjyefwHkMu? odkYwGufwmaMumifh? a&m*g&vdkY? vQifqGrMum? OD;&pfemav?
a&m*gaumif;&D;? yifanmifñdkudk? zsufNzdKvSD;í? rD;ESifhvnf;wdkuf? zGD;zGD;jzLí? jymyHkjzpfvQif?
pifppfrSefpGm? þtemrSm? aumif;ygvdrfhrnf? rif;bk&ifudk? OD;wifajr§mufvdkY?
avQmufvwfayaomf? XmaeoD&d? oif;xGD;jynf[k? trwf[dau? bkr®dok0H? a&Twdkif;azmifrSm?
jra&mifvTrf;au? anmifeef;xHodkY? vQifjrefrMum? jrwfAdkvfwmjzifh? &Humywf0ef;?
vSDem0gjzifh? csDumvSrf;vdkY? xl;qef;wifhw,f? rsm;vloQif½dkU? &TifrnD;au? oifxGD;jynfwGif?
a&mufaywHkvpf? yifanmifñdkudk? vJSNzdKypfvdkY? rD;wdkufNyD;axG? rdrdjynfudk? jyefonfumv?
ork'fus,fau? yifv,f0wGif? jyif;jyvD[kef? wdkufvwfwHkaomf? AvHkxdk;<u?
uRwfuRwq f lí? ,ufjzLqdkif;au? vIdif;BuD;xvdkY? rsm;vS&maxmif? vSDrsm;ajrmifESifh?

( 318 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
bkef;acgifapmxD;? pD;umaysmfa&? vSDawmfBuD;rSm? ysufpD;jrKwfepf? ork'fus,fau?
yifv,fjrpfrSm? {u&mZfbkef;<u,f? oufcE¨mav? &DrSmwHk;au? qHk;vDa&av;/

(19) qHk;ysufygau? &mZrif;vS? eef;pHvDau? owådoESifh? oufum;ig;q,f?

ajcmufESpfauwGif? a&mufonfaumZm? ouú&mZfudk? wGufppfygaomf? {umwdtpf?
udef;ocsFmvQif? rSefpGmjzpfvdkY? jrESpfyHkcsD? r[mqGDau? ZmeDrSefjim;? bkef;awmfjzmí?
tmPmvTrf;au? p`E´m;[k? xif&Sm;ausmfajrmuf? jynf&cdkifrSm? rnfrysufbJ?
udk;qufajrmufwGif? jywfawmufNyD;axG? NrdKUa0omrSm? xdkcgwHk;au? qHk;vDa&[k?
ausmharESr? yef;jzLatmifav? ysKdarmifacsmudk? ajymvwfuvQif? vSy0if;ajymif?
yef;jzLatmifu? aZmifvnf;woG,f? odvdk&mudk? cGJumjcrf;í? rD;jref;a&um;?
wifhw,foefY,Sif;? vSr,fysKd\? ajymqdkjcif;ESifh? rdk;wGif;tcg? armif½dkU&Gmu? usrf;pmwwfvS?
oufBuD;tdkau? armifñdkb\? ajymjyjcif;&m? 0wKyHkrSm? rlvQifuGJau? eJeu J Gm[k?
xdkcgumv? uGJjcif;&mudk? axmufcgjyvQif? ,Sif;yg&pD? a&T½kyfoGifodkY? oZifcufau?
armifouf0D[k? r,f&TDESr? EIwfoHcsKdESifh? ajymqdkjyvQif? arvSajymusif? &mZ0ifü?
bk&ifrif;zsm;? bkef;awmfa&mifjzifh? awmufajymifvSrf;au? p`E´m;vQif? BuD;rsm;us,fpGm?
jrpfoDwmwGif? em0guGJtuf? oufcE¨mvQif? &DrSmysuf[k? qdkcsufw0? oufBuD;tdkau?
armifñdkbum;? awZvQH<um;? p`E´m;udk? e*g;&mZm? ESpf,lumjzifh? oD;csmoufrQ?
,OfEke,fí? &G,frBuD;au? orD;vSESifh? wluGESpfjzm? abm*jynfav? Xmae&yfrSm?
vufxyfcgjzifh? [dygvDa&? oufBuD;tdkau? armifñdkbu? ajymjyayvdkY? þonfESpf0?
pum;vmrSm? jcm;uGmMu[k? armifuajymcg? odef;ausmha0av? artvSrSm? ,Sif;Ny&mum;?
urÇmavmu? wdkif;EdkifiHav? teEÅwGif? rsm;pGjzmjzm? cyfodrf;olav? vltrsm;\?
pum;rSmü? pOfvmwEIH;? ajymMuayau? NrdKUjynfvHk;ESifh? &yfoHk;&GmoHk;? eef;v,fwGifrSm?
bk&ifoHk;[k? qdkxHk;[d&m? ,ckrSmü? qdkumxm;au? pum;vmvQif? &mZmrif;oHk;?
qef;t,Ofau? eef;pOfxHk;jzifh? a&Tbkef;xif&Sm;? p`E´m;au? rif;zsm;bk&if? abm*jynfav?
Xmaeeef;rSm? pHjref;oQif[k? pmwifxm;vdkY? &Snfvsm;ESpfwm? acwfrsm;pGmvQif?
Mumumajymif;&Td? aemufaemifvmau? ynm[d[k? u0dq&m? tjzmjzm½dkU? uAsm&wk?
tJtHqdkí? xdk0wKudk? jyKpkaomcg? pme*dkrSm? tydkoGif;vdkY? &GD;jcif;&maMumifh? yrmwiftyf?
a&Tod*Ðudk? zdkrSmaESmau? BuD;a&mpyfa,mif? aemufxyfwjzm? OyrmESifh? wlpGmoabm?
rka,mwefav? qGrf;qHzGD;rSm? <uufcsD;a&ma,mif? ta[m&SdvGef? ordkif;rSefrSm? ydkcsefrkom;?
vlrsm;pGm½dkU? emomjim;atmif? e*g;eef;bHk? ,ckqdkau? xdkrif;zsm;rSm? pHpm;vIH[k?
wzHkwenf;? &mZ0ifrSm? pmwifuGJvdkY? rSm;vGJydkvGef? &GD;xm;[efudk? yef;wef,OfEGJU?
armifysKdjzLrSm? r,HkuJhaESmifh? xdkonfhxHk;rl? tvHk;pHkudk? ,HkolwcsKdU? r,Hkolav? vlwcsKdUESifh?
ESpfrsKd;uGJjym;? jynf&cdkifav? r@dKifwGif;rSm? tjiif;yGm;a&? trSm;trSef? odpD&efudk?
wzefenf;i,f? ewfqif;a,mifodkY? armifyef;uHk;udk? ,Sif;tHk;arav? Mum&SnfESpfwm?
[daomcgwGif? r[mapmxD;? jyif;tmPmESifh? rif;bmBuD;vQif? xdefnD;awZm? wdkif;EdkifiHudk?
ydkifpHrdk;vdkY? tkyfpdk;cgwGif? &mZmrif;bkef;? eef;&dyfNrdKifrSm? vufudkifoHk;au? wdkif;vHk;ausmfpGm?
qD;q&m[k? BuD;pGm*kPf[dwf? oDwif;0Sef;au? eef;wHqdyfESifh? y@dwfausmfacgif?

( 319 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
"mwfrsm;pGmudk? cGJumprf;au? ay:xGef;atmifvQif? aemufaemif&Snfvsm;? &cdkifjynfrSm?
vli,frsm;½dkU? odBudK;pm;rI? qef;wzefav? usrf;*efjyKau? "mwkpdEÅm? trnfqdkau?
xdkonfusrf;u? ñTef;jy&mwGif? urÇmr[D? ukef;xufNrDrSm? wlnDusufpm;? owå0gav?
axmif&mrsm;ESifh? vlom;wwef? wd&dpämef½dkU? ½kyfemrfESpf&yf? wnfjrJjyefí?
&Sifoefvwfatmif? ESrfhpyfrsm;pGm? þurÇmwGif? ZD0g"mwk? aiGU&nfysKdau? xdk"mwfpkvQif?
&Dxkatmufqdkif? vD0g,mESifh? oGif;umazmufau? ra&mufEdkifí? awmNrdKifusufpm;?
wd&dpämefau? ydk;ESHrsm;ESifh? vlom;½dkUonf? &DatmufrSmvQif? cE¨moufau? qHk;ysufaw[k?
twnfwus? "mwfusrf;rSmvQif? &GD;umjyvdkY? abm*Xmae? &DatmufrSmü?
wnfumxm;au? e*g;jynfwGif? bkef;<u,frif;zsm;? watumrSm? awZmvTrf;au?
p`E´m;vQif? e*g;orD;? eef;bHkysHrSm? vSpHoD;ESifh? aysmfrSD;pyÜg,f? [dyga&[k? qdkaywHkjim;?
,kwåd,kwåm? r[dygbJ? qdk&mrsm;udk? ysKdxGm;yef;jzL? Mum;jyefwHkvnf;? r,HkyguhJ? &Sdpm½dkUwdkU?
tydkcsJUvdkY? &GD;cJhonfom? odef;ausmha0av? ysKdaracsmu? ajymaomcgwGif? 0rf;om&Tifjy?
yef;jzLatmifav? ysKdarmifacsmrSm? oabmusvdkY? ESrausmha0? ,kwådjzmí?
&SnfMumvSatmif? ,Sif;jyayí? armifa0xifvif;? þykpämudk? ouFmuif;vdkY?
,Sif;vwfygNyD? aemufqufcgjzifh? aMumif;&mrsm;udk? Mum;&pD[k? qdkvDjyefau?
odef;ausmha0av? artvSrSm? rsufpcsKdarm? ordkif;pOfudk? pOfrysufatmif? qufvdkYajyma&/

(20) qufajymjyefau? vSDjrefpD;um? zD;&efpG,fudk? u<u,fjyKzdkY? &SdOD;vmau? aoemrwfppf?

pGrf;&nfoefau? xr®&mZfvQif? vQyfppfvDa,mif? rD;cdk;arSmifodkY? wdrfawmifñdkjr?
ork'fus,fau? yifv,f0wGif? jrif&wHkjyef? oHausmfausmfESifh? atmfum[pfvdkY?
ajymvdkuf[efum;? vSDjrefawmfom;? &SdwyfcsDau? AdkvfNcDrsm;½dkU? BuD;rm;vSpGm? tPÖ0gav?
oD'gwGif;rSm? vDjyif;vmrnf? odkYjzpfayí? ck0,f,if,m;? pD;vmjyefau? vSDjrefrsm;udk?
wtm;cwfum? jrpfurf;,Hudk? tjrefuyfatmif? ul;cwfyg[k? aoemOD;pD;?
[pfatmfumjzifh? tmPmyD;aomf? vSDBuD;vSDi,f? pD;Muayau? ppfonfppfrSL;?
jrpfurf;,HodkY? tm;rmefwif;au? tjyif;ul;vdkY? tm;vHk;pHkpGm? a&mufaomcgwGif?
vGefpGmjyif;vpf? ork'fus,fau? yifv,fwGif;rSm? vDjyif;wdkufvdkY? rjzpftEÅ&m,f?
&Jrufawmfav? azmfwoif;rSm? vGwfuif;acsí? xdkonfumv? vDjyif;[kefav?
&yfwHkuvQif? aoer[m? rif;&mZmudk? arQmfumapmifhvQuf? xdkeD&mwGif? xGufcgppfau?
ckepf&ufxd? ukef;ESifh&Dpyf? jrpfurf;omrSm? NcD&mxyfatmif? &Smvwfaomcg?
bkef;a&mifjzmau? &mZmwkvGwf? pD;umaysmfau? vSDawmfjrwfvQif? uGJjywfydkif;um?
ork'f&Dav? urf;NcDpyfrSm? wGdvwfygaomf? xdkcgNyD;rS? jynfBuD;oQiaf v? oZifukef;udk?
tqHk;csvdkY? wdkif;ratmifcsm? NrdKUa0omudk? jyefvmwHkMu? tm*sdwfqdkau? xdkonfuRef;u?
pcef;csvQuf? pE´a'0D? ra[oD[k? ausmfnDxif&Sm;? a&Teef;awmfrSm? pHaysmf[dau?
rddzk&m;udk? ,if,m;wvD? aMumif;jcif;[efudk? wrefrsm;ESifh? avQmufMum;cDaomf? a'0DtvS?
qGqGckefí? ,rf;yHkxJrSm? rD;cJusodkY? a'gojzpfum? taumufBuHí? pdwfrmefjyif;ESifh?
ajymjcif;&mum;? &mZmbkef;<u,f? oif;xGD;jynfodkY? vm;rnfjyKcg? pum;qdkvQif?
arudkñTef;au? oHk;cGef;rSma&? jynf&GmxHarSmuf? armifhoufESHvQif? jyefra&mufu?

( 320 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rif;ajr§muftHhiSm? tavmif;&Smaomf? armifomqifvwf? e0&wfau? vufpGyfESifhrl?
wefaomoludk? rif;rlpDtyf? aemufwzefvQif? ajymjyefvwfau? vufpGyfwefol?
tzefzefvQif? &SmBuHMuí? r&rlvQif? &SdweHk ef;xJ? armifvQifudkifau? eef;pOfvSJudk?
qGJumvG,ful? wifEdkifoludk? rif;jyKygpD? aemufwvDvQif? rSmonfpum;? nmeef;pHrSm?
oaE¨om;udk? jrifzGm;wHkjyef? t&G,fwefau? EdkifiHwdkif;r? btrGDav? a&TMuiSef;udk?
pHjref;&a,mif? vSaracgifrSm? BuHaqmifrp? om;ouf0Dudk? yD;vD&rnf? eef;bHkomrSm?
tmPmrSwfvdkY? rdefYvwfawcg? trpGmav? aoemywd? rwfr[mvQif? &mZmyg;rSm?
cpm;[dvdkY? Mum;odvwf&m? rif;jrwfpGmESifh? ig&mpifppf? vHk;&yfnDau? wlonfjzpfí?
a&TESpfod*Fg? &wemav? &mZmvufpGyf? olYvuf<u,frSm? wefrnfrSwfvdkY? rif;jrwfudkom?
tPÖ0gwGif? vGefpGm&ufpuf? ½kyfcE¨mudk? azsmufcgzsufvdkY? t&Sufr[d? rif;jyK&ef[k?
pdwfBuH[dau? qdk;bd,kwfrm? rwfrdpämvQi?f vdrfumvSnfhvQuf? taumufnmPfESifh?
wrefquf[k? oGufoGufvnf;cg? pdwfrefygí? urÇmrBuD? igroDau? reDpD&?
NrdKUwdkif;jynfu? ESifrnfy[k? arvSawmifnm? Budrf;0g;&mudk? aoemxGwfxm;?
rwfawmf0efrSm? emcHjyif;atmif? owif;Mum;vdkY? &Suftm;vnf;BuD;? wdkif;NrdKUcGifu?
Muifr,m;ESifh? om;orD;udk? ac:NyD;,lvQuf? ppfaoemESifh? jrpfnmxufudk? qefwuf0D;pGm?
oifhjrwf&mrSm? NrdKU&Gmwnfcs? rsm;AdkvfNcDESifh? eDvDMuaomf? wdkif;ratmifcsm? NrdKUa0omrSm?
&mZmuif;bd? aqmifcsufv,fau? &a0wGif;rSm? rif;r[daomf? rl;BuD;rwf&m? tjzmjzmESifh?
awmifnmxGwfxm;? nDvm0ifí? wdkif;yifjim;vdkY? p`E´m;rif;rGef? tyfcJhjyefau?
jynfwefzdk;jrwf? a&mif0if;pdkau? xdkvufpGyfESifh? prf;oyfNyD;cg? NrdKUa0omwGif?
ywfumvnf;vSnfh? tBudrfBudrfvQif? tdrfrvGwfatmif? pGyfvdkYMunfhvnf;? 0if;vJhxdefvsH?
vufpGyfysHESifh? wefolr[d? &ufvMumatmif? &SmrwGdaomf? NrdKUBuD;ucGm? awm&yf&GmwGif?
vnfumywfaxG? rif;avmif;vsmudk? cgrjywfau? &Smvwfawav;/

(21) &Smvwfra,wHkMu? jra&mif0Dí? e'Djrpfau? *päy[k? emrwGifpGm? xuftnmodkY?

wufumcsDvSrf;? &ufrjcmbJ? vuf,murf;wGif? pHkprf;NyD;cg? t&Gm&GmrSm? cgcgywfvSnfh?
vlrsm;pGm\? vufrSmpGyfau? 0wfvdkYMunfhvnf;? 0if;vJha&mifvQH? vufpGyfysHESifh? wefolr&?
rwfxdkxdkrSm? &SdudkrSef;au? vSrf;vdkY<uaomf? ñdkjr&DarSmif? rD;acsmif;acgifau?
Mu,faomifzsm;u? 0g;rsm;pGmudk? xrf;ac:,l (---) vwfí? pGyfMunfhwHkjyef?
oHk;a,muf0,f\? vuf<u,frsm;rSm? tm;vHk;wefvdkY? jrifjyefwHkMu? rwfrsm;pGmESifh?
vmolrsm;rSm? vGeftm;&í? wdkif;rcsufcsm? NrdKUa0omudk? ac:vmNyD;rS? tr&wludk?
xD;jzLatmufrSm? rif;ajr§mufMuvdkY? nDvSjzpfol? tr&uludk? aqmif,ljcm;oD;? tdrf&SdpHau?
eef;&HyD;í? tdrf&Sd&mZm? rif;nDpifrSm? jrifr0au? om;vSyJjzL? cspfoJtludk? ac:,lwxyf?
ajrmufOD;&GmrSm? aumif;pGmxm;au? ydkifpm;tyfvdkY? eef;jrwfpHum? oHk;ESpfMumaomf?
&mZmxdkrif;? tr&ulav? nDjzL&if;udk? pdwfwGif;wrl? eef;xD;jzLudkd? vk,lrnfrSwf?
0*FOmPfESifh? tBuHrSm;au? vSnfhzsm;owfvdkY? pHvwfonfjzpf? ckepfESpfwGif?
ajymif;vdkufcE¨m? pkawhygí? aemufrSmwrl? eef;rGD,lau? yJjzLpHay? eef;oufa0um;?
wq,fhckepf? pHNyD;cgwGif? cE¨mwHk;au? qHk;onfjzpfí? wESpfMumbd? NrdKUa0omav?

( 321 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jynf&GmwGif;rSm? rif;r[dau? <uif;bdwHkx? a0omjynf\? MumonfESpfudk? wGufppfjyaomf?
av;&majcmufq,f? ckepfauí? waoGrw S fyg? ESpfaumZmum;? w&mhig;q,f?
ajcmufcku,fwGif? a&Tjynfatmifcsm? NrdKUa0omudk? &Sdcgydkifjim;? rif;bk&ifav?
bkef;tifxGef;au? p`E´m;\? om;vSoufESif;? (NydKifwdkif;bHku)? iwHkrif;vQif? rsm;jcif;vDvD?
aomif;xd0Datmif? AdkvfNcDpkaygif;? btrGDudk? &pDaMumif;ESifh? vmawmif;aomcg?
rwfrsm;pGmESifh? rmwmvSewf? eef;xD;jzLudk? tukeftyfaomf? om;jrwfoJcsm? rif;&mZmvQif?
a0omMuiSef;? brif;pHau? bHkysHeef;rSm? pHjref;wHk&m? w&HcgwGif? &mZmbk&if? pdwfr&Tifau?
t,ifcsDum? xGuf<uvmí? od*Fge'D? jrpfurf;NcDodkY? a&mufvDMuay? prÜa0[k?
trnfqef;ESifh? NrdKUeef;wnfvdkY? xdkpOfup? or,au? umvaemuf0,f? NrdKUa0omrSm?
&mZmuif;au? okOfzsif;a&av;/

(22) okOfzsif;ayau? þ0,fwcef;? &yfNyD;cgvQif? &SdrSmqef;aomf? NrdKUeef;Xme? parÜ0Sufudk?

wnfonfup? oHcsKdcsKdESifh? twdk½Hk;au? uHk;vdjkY yrnf? &mZmrSefuif;? jynfwdkif;abmifrSm?
bkef;a&mifvif;au? irif;iwHk;? r[mqGDav? om*Dbkef;rSm? pk½Hk;rsm;pGm? twefwefau?
rwf0efrsm;½dkU? cpm;umjzifh? w&mhig;q,f? ajcmufcku,fí? a&mufonfouú&mZf?
xdktcgav? od*FgjrpfwGif? NrdKUopfwnfvQuf? wGiftrnfau? parÜ0SufrSm? eef;wufwHkjyef?
jrifh&SnfMumí? cE¨m,Gef;au? ewfeef;pHaomf? wzefeef;wuf? qufcHumjzifh?
pOfvmajrmufau? q,fhajcmufqufwnf;? &GDwGufocsFm? pumwnfí? Mum&SnfvQm;au?
NrdKUoufrSmum;? oHk;&mudk;ESifh? ouú&mZfudk? wGufppfjyefaomf? av;&mausmfí?
pGef;ay:ajcmufq,f? ig;ckauwGif? Xmaeueuf? rif;eDjynfav? parÜ0SufrSm? eef;wufpH[d?
tqHk;pGefwGif? bkef;uHzsif;au? rif;ywdudk? aomif;xd0Dum? >cD&Hygonf? vuf,mrif;eef?
vuf½Hk;axmifí? &atmifwdkufau? odrf;ydkufjyefí? tvGefompnf? NrdKUy&def[k?
atmifrnfqef;au? xD;eef;wnfvdkY? pHayMu&m? xdkNrdKUrSmyif? pOfumpdk;ajrmuf?
rif;rsm;pGmudk? &GDumwGufau? oQpfqufa&muf\? xdkaemufwoG,f? NrdKUoufa0um;?
av;q,fhudk;ESpf? udef;ocsFmav? trSefjzpfvdkY? ouú&mZfig;&m? wckrSmwGif? NydKumysufjyKef;?
NrdKUy&defav? a&TueufrSm? rif;qufwHk;[?k csKdNyHK;rsufESm? odef;ausmha0av? vSaracsmrSm?
ajymaomcgvQif? qif;0g½ly? yef;jzLatmifav? ysKdarmifvSu? ESryef;EG,f? vSqef;Mu,f\?
ajymonfpum;? aygif;jzmjzmav? aMumif;&mrsm;udk? rSwfom;NyD;vQif? taqmifv,frSm?
armifMunfEl;au? aus;Zl;wifa&? aemufwGifw0? ordkif;cHESifh? rSeforQudk? >ruf[csKdom?
odef;ausmha0av? vSaracsmrSm? qufajymyg[k? 0gpmcsKdysm;? ysKdaESmif;pGefudk?
awmif;yefjim;u? pum;qufcg? artysKdrSm? armifudkxyfvdkY? ajymvwf&mum;?
atmifcsmMuiSef;? NrdKUXmeDav? y&defeef;rSm? oufwef;ukefcg? ñId;rSdefygí? aemufrSmwjcm;?
rif;ykef;pm;vQif? wnfxm;pHajrmuf? NcdwfNrdKU0,fü? pdk;onfrif;udk? pm&if;aumufvQif?
xD;atmufaysmf&Tif? Budrfzefzefav? pHrysufau? q,fqufyifwnf;? aemufvQifwjzm?
NrdKUoufrSmum;? t|mpm&? ESpfaumZmudk? wGufcgjyaomf? ig;&mhig;q,f? ESpfcku,fwGif?
ewfjynfwEIH;? NcdwfNrdKU0,fwGif? xD;pnfysufau? rif;qufwHk;vdkY? NydKifEIef;rjrif?
rif;a&ToifrSm? *kPftifrcsKdU? rsm;tdrfNcDESifh? y&drfNrdKUudk? xyfvdkYwnfjyef? eef;bHkaqmifrSm?

( 322 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
bkef;a&mifyau? tppHí? wzefaemufrS? iESvHk;au? toHk;usatmif? &mZmq,fquf?
pHjref;vIHau? *kPfrcsKdUbJ? NrdKUtoufudk? &GDwGufwHkay? cgtnDav? Mumonfjzpfau?
ESpfajcmufq,fav? woG,frSwfyg? a&mufaumZmum;? ajcmuf&mwq,f? ESpfcku,fwGif?
*kPf&nfawmufxGef;? atmifcsufNrDav? y&defeef;rSm? qHk;cef;wdkifaxG? rif;&mZmESifh?
uif;uGmNyD;au? ysufpD;a&av;/

(23) ysufpD;ygau? xdkcgumv? bkef;awmfa&mifjzifh? ajymifajymifyau? rif;vS&mZm?

rnfonmrSm? tavmfrmjzL? avmif;Muufjynfudk? wnfwHkvwfau? eef;pdkufxlvQuf?
rif;rlonfrS? aemufqufcHí? eef;pHrsm;udk? wGufjim;uvQif? &mZEG,fajrmuf?
xD;atmuf0,fü? pHrÜg,fcJhau? wq,fhajcmufwnf;? rSwfavmufwjzm? ESpfaxGaxGudk?
ppfacswGufau? NrdKUoufrSmum;? &mZmapmvGef? ol&wefrSm? eDjyefonfjzpf? xdkrSjyefí?
pHESpfESpfESifh? aygif;vdkufrvGJ? w&mu,fí? ig;q,fhav;[k? tNrJrSwfyg? a&mufaumZmvQif?
ckepf&mudk;q,f? ESpfck0,fwGif? bkef;<u,fapmrGef? avmif;Muufrnfau? a&Tjynf&yfudk?
pGefYvTwfjyefí? *kP0f SefuJrdk;? aqmifbHkysHESifh? tvGefxl;au? ajrmufOD;NrdKUudk?
aqmufvdkYwnfjyef? vSwifhw,fau? NrdKUopfjynfrSm? oHk;ESpfpHvdkY? ewfxHajymif;<u?
rif;bkef;oefau? apmrGefuyif? pí&GDwGuf? rif;wefwefvQif? eef;pHcJhau?
q,fhESpfqufwGif? NrdKUopfrSefpGm? ESpfw&mESifh? aumZmouú&mZf? oQpf&mu,fí?
udk;q,fESpfwGif? wacwfukefqHk;? &SdOD;pHau? apmrGefqufrSm? eef;oufwHk;vdkY?
ysufjyKef;aomcg? aemufwjzmau? &mZmapmxD;? bke;f awZmESifh? rif;bmBuD;vQif?
eef;xD;EdkifiH? tcsKyftcsmjzifh? tkycf grdk;vdkY? pdk;vwfjyefí? apmrGef&mZm? &SdOD;aqmifí?
wnfaxmifcau? vSywifhw,f? eef;odif*gESifh? a&mif0gjrL;au? ajrmufOD;jynfudk?
Mum&Snfaemufaemif? vG,fwulESifh? &efolzsufvdkY? rysufEdkifatmif? jrifhacgifBuD;us,f?
ausmuftkXfcHí? &efrqdkif;atmif? wHwdkif;wnfvdkY? jyif0,fwxyf? usKH;wefwefjzifh?
0dkif;&Hywfí? aooyfcdkifrm? NrdKUeef;bHk\? vHkNcHKrIudk? jyKNyD;cgwGif? rif;bmapmbkef;? &Sd&mZm½dkU?
eef;&mukef;udk? NydKifEIH;zufuGm? tqef;zefí? rGrf;rHrIudk? jyKNyD;cgwGif? odif*ga&Teef;?
udk;taqmifrSm? udk;acgif,Gef;ESifh? NrDeef;vTGwfxHk;? twGif;0efESifh? jyif0efrsm;au?
w&m;,Hk;u? cGefxHk;ojym? aygif;rsm;pGmudk? &SnfMumaumif;Edk;? xuftacgifrSm?
oHaESmifwGJau? o&GJrdk;vdkY? rif;rsKd;pHtdrf? rwf0eftdrfESifh? aESmiftdrfcsKyfwef;?
ukef;atmufNrDrSm? pDumwef;vQuf? rif;cef;wefwef? usifhq,fjzmESifh? rif;bmBuD;rSm?
eef;xD;pHí? EdkifiHaumif;usKd;? omoemESifh? bmomusKd;udkd? o,fydk;aqmifvpf?
eef;oufa0av? ESpfq,fESpfwGif? pGefYypfjynf&Gm? rif;&mZmrSm? cE¨mum,? csKyfysufjyefí?
ewfxH<uaomf? om;vSeef;ydkif? NrD;jrpfwdkifatmif? pOfumpdk;ajrmuf? rif;peDyg?
wGuf&GDaxmufaomf? udk;a,muf&mZm? NrdKUoufrSmum;? w&mckESpf? &ufESpfq,fvQif?
vGefonfjzpf\? ouú&mZfaumZm? waxmifrSmwGif? rSdefumqdwfokOf;? EG,fr[mav?
rif;bmqufrSm? eef;ysufqHk;aomf? wdkif;vHk;ausmfjyef? ynmOmPfESifh? pGrf;tifjynfh0?
ukovau? e&ywd? t&m&mwGif? vdr®mwwfau? rwfu0dudk? jzLxD;rdk;um? bdodufxlí?
aqmifbHkatmufrSm? rif;ajr§mufumjzifh? jynf&Gmpdk;vpf? ckepfESpfvQif? rif;jzpfwHkx?

( 323 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aemufwzefvQif? pdk;jyef&au? "r®&mZm? eef;pHrSmvnf;? &SnfMumckESpf? ouú&mZfudk?
wGufppfcg0,f? waxmifu,fí? wq,fhav;ck? wdkif;XmeDav? jynfajrmufOD;wGif?
vuf½kef;ynm? bkef;a&mifjzmau? pE´ok"r®? usufo&DESifh? wufeD<uodkY? &mZmbk&if?
,ckcgwGif? odif*Deef;rSm? pHjref;&Tif[k? ysKdcifvSewf? &mZ0ifrSm? pmwifxHk;udk? tqHk;owfvdkY?
wefY&yfNyD;cg? armif½dkUrSmvQif? vGefpGm0D;vS? ajrmufOD;jynfu? vmay&í? wluGESpfjzm?
NcDvufemí? anmif;nmvdr®nf? pufrGd&mrSm? aumif;pGmrSdwfau? tdyfMuay[k? qdkayNyD;rS?
odef;ausmha0ESifh? raiGvSvnf;? xíjyefum? udk,fhtdyf&mrSm? 0ifrSdwfraoG? oef;acgif,HrSm?
toHwdwfau? tdyfuwfawav;/

(24) tdyfuwfjyefau? ukefvGefxdkn? eDta&mifvQif? xdefajymif0if;au? rdk;vif;rSvQif?

Edk;Muaomcg? Asmu,mESifh? tomxvdkuf? qm;pdkpdkESifh? oGm;udkwdkufvdkY? opfMursufESm?
oefY,Sif;pifa,mif? udk,fwGifwdk;au? &DcsKd;umjzifh? nDnmodrf;½Hk;? jrauqHudk? qDusHxHk;vdkY?
ydk;wHk;opfvGif? yef;txnfudk? qef;Mu,fjim;atmif? 0wfxm;qifí? r,fvQifwnfcif;?
ig;rdpämESifh? BudKifpGmoif;au? xrif;bwåm? abmZemudk? 0pGmpm;ajrmuf? NyD;wHkayaomf?
armifarrsm;rSm? qD;0g;aomufvdkY? xdkaemufNyD;rS? odef;ausmha0ESifh? raiGvSvnf;?
cef;raqmifwGif? tom0ifí? 0wfqifwHkNyD;? oZifcdkifudk? BudKifBudKifrTD;atmif?
usHvdrf;jyKysif? NyD;vwfusifaomf? aqmifcGifxJrS? ysKdunm½dkU? xGufvmMuí? tdrfrSqif;jim;?
wlaysmfaysmfav? odrfawmfvrf;udk? vSrf;vdkYvm;cg? eD;yg;0ef;usif? yef;opfyif½dkU? ½Ijrifr0?
&Gufa[mif;0gvQif? <uDumusí? pdrf;jrñdkpGm? y&pfOESifh? &GufEkvmau? iHktmyGifhzl;?
yef;yGifhv,frSm? 0wf&nfpm;au? ysm;ydwHk;½dkU? ½Hk;½Hk;yHkum? iSufrsm;pGmvnf;? bmombm0?
OMoñdk½dkU? oHcsKdjrESifh? usL;Muñdk;nH? iSufzdk;acgifav? ta&mifpdrf;au? usD;ñdkvS½dkY?
csKdtoHjzifh? a[refukefajymif;? EGD&moDav? *drSefajymif;au? waygif;rmo? wifhw,fyHkav?
[lorQudk? 00½Ium? armifr,fysdKav? xdkav;a,mufrSm? vrf;avQmufvmí? jzL0geDjref;?
vrf;b,fnmu? rmvmyef;udk? vufvSrf;qGwfudkif? apwemESifh? o'¨gyGm;í? vmMupOfwGif?
uwñkw? jrwfawmifNcDudk? a&mufvDMuí? jyKyÜ"dom? rif;&mZm½dkU? pOfvmwufau?
&SdrsufESmu? vGefpGm½dkñGwf? vufOD;arQmfí? awmifay:xufudk? wufMuvwfí?
jrwfrkedoQif? &SdawmfjyifrSm? yef;wifNyD;rS? twefwefav? vGefMunfEl;au?
(e&ufatmufqdkif)? okE´&Dudk? ponf>rufau? &Dpufwdkif[k? oHNydKifqdkNyD;? cgoHk;zefav?
oHanmif;anmif;ESifh? acgif;avmif;wD;í? xGef;nD;a&mifvQyf? rkedoQifav? &ifjyif&yfrS?
vSrf;xGufNyD;aomf? ukef;xdyfay:u? ½IarQmfaumif;&m? ed*kPf;&GmESifh? "nmNrdKUr?
wnf[djyefau? [lorQudk? 'd|wzef? vufñ§Kd;ñTefí? rSefuefwdus? yef;jzLatmifESifh?
armifxGef;jrudk? tvSEke,f? odef;ausmha0u? jyayNyD;rS? &yfrsufESmudk? ywfumvSnfhau?
Munfh½IMuí? xdkrSþrSm? tjzmjzmudk? avhvmNyD;aomf? jrwfukef;ay:u? aysmfaysmfyg;yg;?
½dkaopGmjzifh? qif;vmjim;í? pnfum;om,m? vGefwifhw,fí? aysmfzG,faumif;au?
ZD;acsmif;&GmodkY? vSnfhvmwHkajrmuf? ncsrf;cgwGif? jyefuma&mufvdkY? wefYaxmufNyD;cg?
&DcsKd;ygí? tdrfrSmwufjim;? vomomESifh? npmpm;vdkY? qD;0g;aomufvQuf? vya&mifESifh?
awmifwef;Asif;udk? xGufvQufwzef? oaygufzsmudk? ,lumcif;au? vDnif;cHa&/

( 324 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(25) vDnif;cHí? eDjyefumv? ZD;acsmif;rnfau? &yfa'ou? rdr®a,musFm;? BuD;i,fr[l?

vltrsm;rSm? vmjim;NydKifNydKif? vya&mifESifh? awmifwef;Asif;rSm? 0dkif;vQufxdkifí?
,Ofaus;pGmvS? yef;jzLatmifESifh? armifxGef;jrudk? yD,0gpm? oHcsKdcsKdESifh? qdkum>rufau?
EIwfqufumjzifh? &omjynfhavSmif;? ESrf;EdkifEdkifESifh? rTD;BudKifoif;au? aumufñ§if;aygif;udk?
awmif;rScl;jyef? jryuefrSm? aumif;rGefxnfhum? yef;jzLatmifESifh? armifxGef;jrudk?
auR;Muygaomf? ,lumpm;NyD;? awmifwef;Asif;rSm? vkyfvufqD;vdkY? tD;tD;oufom?
uGrf;qD;,mudk? wcgpm;vwf? a&mufvmolau? vltrsm;ESifh? pum;pyfvdkY? rjywfwl,SOf?
yef;jzLatmifav? ysKdarmifacsmrSm? ESD;aESmpOfwGif? yef;cdkifwrQ? jrpyg,fav? raiGvSu?
[m;[m;vnf;&,f? oGef;umavSmifí? armifxGef;jrudk? pvwfawum;? a&mufawedu?
ckwdkifatmifyif? a'armifvSrSm? EIwfuqdwfnH? pum;vSefí? cGef;oHrxkwf? rqufqHbJ?
&SufjyefNyD;au? awrdvkyfvdkY? ikwfwkwfrIdifaxG? NyHK;pdpdESifh? csdefrjywfau? eDvwfawum;?
qla0aomif;aomif;? BuD;i,f[lau? vltaygif;ESifh? usKd;aMumif;qufqH? rSm;trSefudk?
a0zefppfaMum? tajymif;tjyef? BuHESD;aESmvdkY? rajymcsifbd? ajrmufOD;jynfu?
armifawrdudk? uedncg? woufwmwGif? rSwf&mwyg;? &SdolrGef½dkU? ñTefpum;udk?
ajymMum;vdkufrnf? a&T½kyfa,mifodkY? armifwyg;rSm? axmifem;wnfyg? pdaEÅAk'¨?
tmvkwfcsDí? a&T*rkwfu? >rufxkwf[onf? "r®jrKaw? ck'´edu,f? usrf;tñTef;ESifh?
vrf;rSefjim;atmif? jyxm;a&um;? Aka'¨ylZH? ukovHp? awZ0aEÅ? &mZdaEÅm[k?
rdefYa[musrf;vm? t"dyÜg,fudk? rSwfvG,fvSatmif? ,Sif;jyygrnf? b*0gvlYb? twkvau?
Ak'¨jrwfpGm? apmowåmudk? q,fjzm½dkusKd;? xdyfxuf½Hkau? vufpHkrdk;vdkY? jrwfEdk;o'´g?
ylaZmfygaomf? tmPmwefcdk;? bkef;awmf[defvQif? xdefxdefBudK;í? rif;pdk;&mZm? ZD0uHav?
rSefrcRwfau? jzpfwwfyg[k? a'oemrGef? w&m;oHESifh? &SdvGefolrsm;? rSmpum;udk? em;cHNyD;cg?
jrwfAk'¨gESifh? pE´mol&d,? bkef;awmfxdefau? &mZdE´½dkU? yÍöavm[m? &wemjzifh?
oGef;umvkyfbd? a&mifajcmufoG,fESifh? wifhw,fvwfau? jrwfrkedudk? &Tef;tdpdwfwGif?
jrL;b0ifESifh? zl;jrif&atmif? tm;BudK;aqmifí? armif½dkUXmae? a&TA[dk&fav? oHcsKdusL;au?
ajrmufOD;jynfu? BuD;i,fvlrsm;? aygif;tazmfudk? EId;aqmfjim;í? ysKdxGm;yef;wef?
wESpfrSmvQif? wcgavmufau? a&mufoifhwefa&? tvGefxif&Sm;? ZrÁL'DrSm? þbk&m;um;?
½kyfyGm;axmif&m? BuD;ti,fESifh? wdk&Snfrsm;au? aygif;rsm;pGmxuf? vGefcguJNyD;?
bkef;awmfa&mifjzifh? a*gifurdk;au? wef;cdk;BuD;vdkY? ausmf[dk;vlYcGif? vGefxifay:vQuf?
udk,fawmfpm;au? ½kyfyGm;oQifudk? zl;jrifoltm;? tyg,f&GmwGif? cgwyg;vQif? rvm;qdwfnH?
ewf&yfxHrSm? a&mifvQHxGef;y? pnf;pdrfrGefESifh? aysmfpH&[k? 0,&G,fvGef? &SdolrGef½dkU?
ajymñTefa[mMum;? ayg&Pmu? vmpum;udk? rSwfom;NyD;vQif? 0if;0if;ajymifí?
ta&mifnD;au? rkedoQifudk? zl;jrif&a,mif? wa,mufarmifrSm? a&mufatmiftm;pdkuf?
ESpfpOfvmí? o'¨gjzL;au? zl;cvdkuf[k? odef;xdkufysKdar? NyHK;&,fcsKdESifh? vlysKdvSudk?
pvdkufawav;/

( 325 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(26) pajymvmau? xdkcgNyD;rS? NyHK;&,fa,mifodkY? armifxGef;jrrSm? >ruf[EIwfacR?
oHcsKdcsKdESifh? ysKdESrudk? ,Sif;jya&um;? toa&ajymif&Tef;? jynf&cdkifrSm? EG,f,Ofqef;vdkY?
cdkifyef;wrQ? jrpyg,fodkY? raiGvSav? em;uspHka,mif? armifpum;udk? a&Tem;axmifyg?
bkef;acgifjrwfpGm? vufxufcg0,f? pE´mol&d,? wGifrnf&au? rif;vS&mZm? oGef;cygau?
r[mrked? ajcmufoG,fa&mifjzifh? xGef;ajymifnD;au? wdkif;odxif&Sm;? vGef;oyÜg,fau?
a'½kyfyGm;ESifh? wyg;aemufrl? qif;&Jol½dkU? ckrlumv? ausmuftk#frHí? jynfpGefem;rSm?
wnfxm;Muonf? Ak'¨½kyfyGm;? ray:vGifau? rxif&Sm;bJ? [djim;Mu&m? aygif;ESpfjzmwGif?
&mZmyifoGef;? qif;&Jolau? wnfxkoGef;vnf;? &Tifvef;o'¨g? ylaZmfcgwGif? ylZmed,?
tusKd;rlvQif? wlwuGjzifh? &Murnfom? ysKdEke,fau? r,fwrdrSm? odtyfyga&?
jrwfpGm½kyfyGm;? qif;wk[lau? qlqlrsm;udk? pum;r*"? ygVdvmjzifh? ñTefumxkwfau?
O'´dó[k? qdkMuwHkjyef? &cdkifoHjzifh? jyefumajymrnf? udk;yg;*kPfudk? tm½Hkuyfau?
&nfrSwfzG,fwnf;? þonfpum;? ygVdvmudk? axmufcgxm;vQif? ½kyfyGm;[lu?
BuD;ti,fESifh? wdk&SnfMuvnf;? {uonm? &nfrSwfzG,f[k? twnfjyKau? wckomvQif?
&ygwHkvwf? y&rwfudk? vSewfysKdpif? xJb0ifrSm? NrJpGmpGJrSwf? þaMumif;&mESifh?
aygif;umxm;au? pum;pyfwGif? xyfíwoG,f? cifunmudk? ouFmuif;atmif?
,Sif;OD;rnfav? EIH;zG,fr&m? bkef;awZmESifh? r[mrked? ½kyfyGm;awmfudk? zl;arQmfbdaomf?
uif;0D;y,f&Gm? a,SmifoG,fuGmí? a'0gewfxH? a&mufrnfrSefau? {uefjzpfu?
pifppfck0,f? A[dknHí? pnfoHusL;au? ajrmufOD;jynfrSm? wnfumvnf;xm;?
½kyfyGm;awmfav? aomif;ausmfbdatmif? [d,ufom;udk? ñGwfwGm;MunfjzL? zl;ajr§mfrlvnf;?
xdkolrSefpGm? yg,fav;&Gmu? uif;uGmNyD;rS? ewf&yfxHrSm? rSefrkcsau? cH&rnfyif?
odkYjzpftifaMumifh? a&mifvGifxGef;y? rkedoQifudk? zl;jrif½Ia,mif? armifuwzef? yifyef;cHí?
vm&efrvdk? ajrmufOD;jynfrSm? wnfumxm;au? ½kyfyGm;udkyif? zl;arQmfygrnf? apwemESifh?
o'¨gjrwfom? vdktyfzG,fwnf;? aemuf0,fwzef? <uif;rusefatmif? ,Sif;jyefOD;rnf?
yef;pyg,fav? vSarem;axmif? þvlYabmifwGif? *kPfa&mif0ifh<um;? rsKd;tpOfav?
&cdkifrsm;rSm? aysmfyg;&TifjrL;? t&m&modkY? vSnfhumvm;au? bk&m;zl;vdkY? MunfEl;umrQ?
ukodkvf[kefav? jynfhpHkvS[k? pdwfurSwfcg? rdrd&Gmudk? jyefvmMujim;? ,if;ydkifolav?
vltrsm;udk? bk&m;rBudKuf? xyfrHcgjzifh? igrBudKufwnf;? ZmjzpfvdkYay? rD;vwfacsaomf?
ajzrnfigu? oHk;&yfabmifrSm? tacgifcsKyfau? jrwfAk'¨\? oHk;0omoem?
&SnfjrifhMumatmif? vGefpGmBudK;ukwf? rsm;vloQifrSm? tm;tifxkwfvdkY? jyKvkyfrSom?
zl;ajr§mf&modkY? a&mufygvdr®nf? ylaZmf½Hkjzifh? csdefukefvifhau? roifhacsyg? bkef;<u,fjrwfpGm?
apmowåmudk? zl;ygonfxuf? jrwfbkef;armfu? xkwfazmf>rufau? EIwfxGuf"r®m?
w&m;vmudk? rsm;pGmaomif;aomif;? tBudrfBudrfav? csdefrjywfau? usifhtyfaumif;a&?
taMumif;wjzm? þt&mwGif? yrmEIdif;q? usrf;tvmudk? ñTefumjyrnf? ESrem;axmif?
ESpfrsm;ajrmifu? bkef;acgifb*0g? vufxufcg0,f? onmwGifbd? ½kyfESifhemrfudk?
rSefrwGufau? 0uúvdrSm? rkedjrwfpGm? a&TrsufESmudk? armfumzl;wHk? ausmif;aqmifbHkrSm?
csdefukefvGefbd? bg0eHav? OmPfrxdk;au? usKd;r[d[k? £odxGwfrSL;? rax&foQifudk?
jypfwifzl;\? yHkEIH;pHxm;? ñTef;yrmESifh? usrf;vmrsm;udk? rSwfom;NyD;aomf? ½kyfyGm;awmftm;?

( 326 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ylaZmfaomcg? ukodkvfrSmvQif? ur®m0p&? usrf;oN*dK[frSm? qdkumjy\? b0rjywf?
t0dZÆmESifh? wPSm0#frSm? rvGwfEdkifyg? xdkxufomí? jrwfpGmAk'¨? oHk;vlUb\?
a[mjyvrf;ñTef? "r®cefudk? usifhBuHrSom? 0#fwPSm½dkU? vGwfuGmuif;jywf? ½kyfESifhemrfrSm?
trSefwHk;au? tqHk;owfí? tjrwfedAÁmef? vrf;aMumif;rSefudk? tuREfkyfu? tNrJyifvQif?
pGJ0ifaESmau? oabmusvdkY? umvay:jim;? vltrsm;ESifh? bk&m;zl;&ef? arEId;aqmfí?
zdwfac:csufudk? vufrcHav;/

(27) vuffrcH[k? jiif;qefy,f,Sm;? armifvlysKd\? qdkpum;udk? ysKdxGm;unm? cGef;wHkYvSefí?

wzefxyfvdkY? rD;vwf&mum;? ur®m0p&? jrwfukodkvfudk? xdkvlrQvQif? xufMuo'¨g?
pdwfjzLpifí? tm;tifxkwfau? rvkyf&m[k? Ak'¨ga[mjim;? usrf;yDpmrSm? zGD&SmwGdau?
[dovm;av? wyg;xdkrS? jrwfAk'¨udk? wkwf<u½dkao? zl;arQmfacsaomf? ty,fvm;&ef?
usrf;tñTefudk? wGdjyefovm;? armifhq&mu? oifumajymau? a[movm;[k?
[m;[m;vnf;&,f? ysKdyef;wefau? vSpHoD;rSm? rD;vwfacsaomf? ½kyf&nfvSy? armifvlysKdrSm?
oHcsKdjrESifh? &TifjyrsufESm? NyHK;&,fjyefí? wzefxyfvdkY? ,Sif;vwf&mum;?
a&mufvmaomif;aomif;? ZD;acsmif;olav? ysKdjzLaygif;ESifh? EGJYaESmif;,Ofp? ysKdEke,fau?
raiGvSav? qHk;pukefa,mif? armifpum;udk? arem;axmifyg? vlYabmifvlY&Gm?
vlrsm;pGmvQif? ur®m0p&? rsm;xdkxdkav? ukodkvfpkudk? rjyK&[k? armifuck0,f?
ykvJoG,fav? ysKdaracsmudk? rajymaywnf;? xdkonfur®? ukovvQif? 0#frSrvGef?
½kyfESifhemrfonf? Budrfzefvnf;jzpf? umr*kPfjzifh? bHkq,fhwpfrSm? jrKwfepf½Hkom?
þxufvGefí? edAÁmefajrmufatmif? ra&mufyg[k? rSefpGmtu,f? bd"r®m\?
vmoabmESifh? armifajyma&av? aemuf0,fwjcm;? jrwfbk&m;udk? zl;jim;aomcg?
tyg,frSmvQif? a&mufygrnfvm;? rD;umqdkau? xdkpum;udk? ajzMum;OD;rnf?
vGJracsmfatmif? awG;ac:jim;vdkY? axmifem;wnfyg? bkef;<u,fAk'¨? twkvudk? OD;cs½dkao?
zl;arQmfayaomf? tyg,f*wd? rvm;&efudk? tuRefoda&? EIdif;ñ§dusrf;*ef? w&m;ñTefí?
oif&efr[d? pOfpm;BuHí? a0zefEIdif;aomf? vlwdkif;oddrnf? odkYjzpfygvnf;? Zmtjcif;ESifh?
jiif;vwfaw[k? qdkacsaomcg? þacwfrSmvl? rsm;pGmaxmifaomif;? BuD;i,f[lau?
vltaygif;vQif? xHk;a[mif;udkvGef? vrf;rrSefau? usrf;ñTefrod? udk,fh½dk;&mESifh? rsKd;Zmwdudk?
owdrcsyf? udk;uG,f&mav? bmom&yfwGif? rtyfr&m? wkta,mifjzifh? vkyfaqmifrIudk?
jyKuwfygí? q&mocif? pmtjrifESifh? Zmyifa[mjim;? rrSwfatmifbJ? ewfa,mif0g;rSm?
wdk;yGm;tpHk? udk;yg;*kPfudk? tm½Hkrxm;? t&Gm&Gmudk? vnfumvm;vdkY? bk&m;zl;a,mif?
t[efaqmifí? aMumifowif;oHk;? &Sdtcgu? yrmxHk;odkY? NyHK;NyHK;rsufESm? &TifjrL;umESif?
oDpmaomufpm;? wcsKdUrsm;um;? pD;yGm;&Sm&ef? wcsKdUrSefau? <uDtHBudK;xdk;? wcsKdUrSmvQif?
vnfumcdk;í? wcsKdU½dkUum;? tysif;ajy[k? pdwf0,fxm;vQuf? wjcm;aemufrl? wcsKdUolrSm?
t,ljcm;oD;? r[kwfwefudk? BuHzefjim;au? bk&m;&GD;vdkY? BuD;a&i,fa&? royÜg,fESifh?
oyÜg,fwoD;? &wemjzifh? a&mif0gnD;atmif? rif;NrD;rif;om;? oGef;vkyfxm;au? bk&m;udkrS?
o'¨g&Tifau? zl;csifMuvdkY? aemufrSwyg;? qif;&Jolav? vltrsm;½dkU? wnfxm;Muusif?
½kyfyGm;oQifudk? zl;jrifolum;? wdkif;EdkifiHrSm? vGefenf;yg;í? bk&m;udkom? &GD;cs,fumjzifh?

( 327 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
zl;vmwHkbd? w&m;uGmí? rSm;umvkyfau? ,k*fuvdwiG f? toduif;y? jyKMuolav?
[lorQudk? jrif&vQufyif? arEId;aqmfí? zdwfac:&D;udk? aMumufoGD;0ifí? armifvQifck0,f?
umvay:av? zl;arQmfjcif;udk? jiif;vwfaw[k? qdkayNyD;rS? ESracsau? raiGvSESifh?
a&mufMuaomif;aomif;? ZD;acsmif;olav? vltaygif;udk? usKd;aMumif;qufoG,f?
usrf;tñTef;ESifh? vrf;rSef&atmif? ajymjyrnfav;/

(28) ajymjyrnfav? axGaxG&yf&yf? armifuñTefí? rSeftrSm;ESifh? pum;&yfudk?

oduwfvDa,mif? a&mufvmolav? ysdKjzLrsm;rSm? a&Tem;axmifyg? jynfazmifwvTm;?
rsdK;tpdkifau? &cdkifom;½dkU? odxm;tyfpGm? tzdk;wefí? uJvGefjrifhau? usifhajcmufjzmum;?
OD;pGmodtyf? udk;uG,f&monf? bmom&yfESifh? aemufxyfwjzm? vlrsm;pGm½dkU? usr®mzdkY&D;?
wyfvdr®mau? ynm&D;wnf;/ woD;xdkrS? pm&dwåESifh? abm*"eH? rsm;jynfolav? vlxdkrQrSm?
jynf0&efjzifh? wzefaemufqHk;? vltm;vHk;vQif? pnf;vHk;nDñGwf? usifhajcmufaxGvQif?
wnfMunfvwfaomf? rcRwfrSefpGm? jynfr@dKifrSm? &cdkifom;½dkU? BuD;yGm;vmrnf?
odkYjzpfonfaMumifh? jyefvnfw0? usdKif;rus,fau? tv,fvwfjzifh? xyfajymjyrnf?
Ak'¨bmom? vlrsm;pGmvQif? rSwfygwdus? usrf;tvmudk? ñTef;yg&rl? p&P"meH? ylpdwH[k?
a[mjyefr,Gif;? 0#fwPSmudk? vGwfuGmuif;atmif? usifhjcif;wrl? o'¨gjzLjzifh? tvSLyD;jcif;?
vufOD;arQmfí? ylaZmfjcif;[k? vdk&if;oHk;wef? y&duHvQif? [djyefaomftm;? usrf;qdknDau?
&Sdzsm;tp? ylaZmf[efav? rSefoazmudk? uRefajymjyrnf/ ompGNrdKifNrdKif? emrvSdKifau?
&cdkifjynfwGif;? trsm;vl½dkU? MunfjzLjcif;jzifh? NrdKUwGif;awm&Gm? apwemESifh? wnfcg[djim;?
tpm;pm;au? ½kyfyGm;apwD? arGo&Dudk? pHknD½dkusdK;? ezl;jyifrSm? vufwifrdk;vdkY? &Sdcdk;aomcg?
udk;yg;*kPfudk? tm½HkrSwfvdkY? cdk;tyfyga&/ axmif&mrsm;jym;? arGo&Dau? apwDrsm;vQif?
Ak'¨jrwfpGm? omoemudk? &SnfMumpDrI? ouf[dyifav? oQifbk&m;udk? udk,fpm;jyK[k?
ñTefYEk½dkao? pdwfb0ifrSm? xifatmifyGm;au? xm;oifhaya&/ aemif0,fwyg;?
oHk;&yfbHk0,f? *kPfj'yfESifh? tjrwfxm;au? w&m;oHCm? xGwfjrwfpGmudk? ylZm0Eå?
q,facsmif;½Hkí? vufpHkrdk;au? &Sdcdk;Muvnf;? "r®m\*kPf? oHCm*kPfudk? vSeDa*av?
ysdKar½dkUrSm? &Sdcdk;ygaESmif;/ t&mw&yf? aus;Zk[kefESifh? *kPfBuD;jrwfí? txGwfwifMu?
teEå[k? rdbq&m? aemufwjzmav? ouf0gBuD;vwf? oDvjzLí? t,ljrwfESifh?
ajzmifhrwfpdwf0if? olawmfpifudk? vloQit f aygif;? vufq,fjzmudk? xdyfrSmrdk;au?
&Sdcdk;aumif;a&/ waMumif;rSwfzG,f? 'ge[lau? yD;vSLjcif;udk? ,Sif;OD;rnfav/ vSLzG,f0wK?
tpkpkum;? tEk*grd? NrDatmuf,HrSm? jr§KyfESH[dau? BuD;bda&Ttdk;? yrmzefau? yHkpHrsdK;odkY?
aumif;usdK;MuHcdkif? b0uG,fí? oacFsjcm;vnf;? azmfpm;Edkifa&/ odkYpdkifjzpfNyD;? apwemESif?
o'¨gNzdK;rS? tusdK;BuD;rnf? woD;rSwfMu? pGefYMuJvSLau? [lorQum;? ur®m0gp&?
usrf;ujyqdk? xdkukodkvfvQif? r*fudkrqdkuf? umr[lau? bHkq,fhwpfrSm? zwf&pfcgcg?
½kyfESifhemrfvQif? zefzefxyfvdkY? jzpfwwfyga&/ odkYygodkYjim;? 'ge[lau? tvSLrsm;udk?
yD;jim;aomcg? oHo&mvQif? wdkygpDaMumif;? jynfedAÁLudk? qk,lanmif;vdkY?
awmif;uwf&rnf/ rvJG&efau? enf;rSefuszdkY? ajym&a&aESmif;/ aemif0,fw0? p&Pudk?
ajymjyOD;rnf? owdaqmifí? armifpum;udk? axmifem;wnfyg/ axGaxGrsm;rsm;?

( 328 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
urÇmolav? vltrsm;½dkU? udk;pm;tyf&m? tjzmjzmESifh? bmomuJGMu? pdwft,lrSm?
rwlMubJ? Ak'¨a[mMum;? "r®cefESifh? usrf;*efrsm;udk? ,Hkpm;wHkx? wcsdKUolav? vl½dkUuvQif?
Ak'¨t,l? wcsdKUolrSm? t,ljcm;jyef? c&d,mef[k? [djyefwHkx? xdkonfvl½dkU? ,ltqum;?
xm0&ac:? emrausmfonf? yk*¾dKvfocif? bk&m;oQifvQif? NrDjyifurÇm? tPÖ0gESifh?
rsm;pGmvlom;? v,fuGif;jyifau? jrif;qifusm;u? uRJEGm;rusef? wd&dpmä efau? ydk;ESHup?
þurÇmrSm? jrifumwGdau? [dorQudk? xm0&wGif? wef;cdk;oQifu? jyKysifzefqif;?
usifht,lav? trlapmif;au? raumif;jcif;ESifh? aumif;jcif;t&m? tjzmjzmudk?
olomydkifajrmuf? jypfrsm;zsifudk? olvQifazsmufu? NyD;aysmufawmhonf? urÇmjyifudk?
toQifjrwfrSm? pdk;vwfaw[k? ,HkMunfvufc?H ouf0ifol½dkU? t,lrSwfau? [duwfjyefa&/
wwefxdkrS? wcsdKUvl½dkU? ,HkMunfMuonf? Ak'¨bmom? pdkiftvmrSm? cdkifrm,lMu? p&P[k?
odMuwHkvpf? tusifhyifvQif? bkef;oQifjzpfvdkY? usifhxdkufusifh&m? aumif;jrwfpGmudk?
udk,fomusifhu? tusdK;rGefudk? udk,fcH&vdkY? udk,fuqdk;jyef? tjypf'Pfudk? udk,fcHpjrJ?
bHkavmuDav? XmeDxJrSm? i&JNydwåm? ol&umESifh? a'0grEkó? t½lyau? ½lywGifjyef?
tonfnHESifh? edAÁmefodkYwdkif? c&D;oGifodkY? bkef;oQif½dkUu? rydkUEdkifyg/ usifhpdkifrsdK;rsdK;?
aumif;tqdk;wGif? aumifusdK;vdkvQuf? vlU&yfabmifrSm? aumif;a,mifusifhaomf?
BuD;jrifhcsrf;om? tvDvDau? pnf;pdrfjrwfudk? &tyfyga&/ t&mwcsuf? tusdK;ysufatmif?
qdk;n§ufvSpGm? usifhaomcgwGif? qdk;pGmjypf'gPf? qdk;usifhrlaomf? vlcyJrSm? qif;&JcH[k?
jyñTefNyD;axG? apmAk'¨mu? >rwfcgMum;au? a[mxm;a&av;/

(29) a[mxm;ra,wHkjim;? usifhtyfygau? aMumif;&mrsm;udk? &yfxm;NyD;rS? usr®m&efav?

qdk[efcef;udk? qef;vdkYjyrnf/ &u©r@dKif? tEG,f,dkifau? &cdkifrsdK;om;? wcsdKUolav?
vltrsm;½dkU? odMum;jA[®m? tol&mESifh? jynf&Gmapmifhwwf? rsdK;pdkifvmav? ½dk;&mewfudk?
rcRwf{uef? vlrsm;pGm\? usr®mrIudk? jyKuwfjyef[k? tMuHvJTrSm;? rdpämnmPfESifh?
jrif[efrsm;udk? yg,fxm;NyD;au? t,lrSefudk? wzefvdkufvdk?Y vkyfxdkufaya&/ tu,frkcs?
usr®m&efav? &if;cHrsm;udk? ñTefMum;&rl? rsm;vSolig? þcE¨mudk? av;jzm"gwfpk?
razmufjyefatmif? axmufuefjyKí? Owkt[m&? tD;tylvQif? nDwlrQí? aygif;Mupyfcg?
urÇmolav? vltrsm;rSm? jzpfyGm;vmaomf? vdk&mwvD? yx0Dudk? ulnDEdkifx? tjzmjzmau?
t[m&ESifh? jynfh0nDpGm? "gwftpmudk? csdefcgedn? rrkef;atmifyif? oHk;aqmifMuí?
ygpuyl"gwf? tpmtdrfwGif? zsufNcDvwfaomf? tzwfnpfaMu? a&mufwcsdKUrSm?
atmufodkYvnfvQuf? t&nfusefvpf? "gwfcdk;jyefaomf? oGD;oefjzpfvdkY? om;wpf½dk;&D?
tjcifqDodkY? wlnDoD;oD;? 0ga,marQmifí? ydkUaqmifyD;u? xGm;BuD;oefrm? udk,fcE¨m\?
usr®mrIonf? rSefrcRwfau? jzpfwwfaya&/ qdkrnfaemufxyf? vSpyg,fav? ysdKarrsm;rSm?
axmifem;csyfyg? pdwf"gwfcsrf;om? udk,fusr®matmif? jynf&GmtwGif;? ausmif;uefodrfau?
tdrfjcH0if;ESifh? NrdKUwGif;jynf&Gm? aMumif;ZcFgESifh? eD&mr<uif;? &cdkifjynfav? e,fpufuGif;rSm?
cyif;oQifvl? jrifhjrwfjyefau? nmPftodESifh? owdrlí? twlwuG? oefY,Sif;a,mifvQif?
vkyfaqmifMuaomf? rkcstu,f? þaMumif;&mvQif? usr®mjcif;rSm? t&if;wnfvdkY?
a,SmifzG,fwwef? trSnfhvGefau? oD;ESHtrsm;? xdktpmudk? yg,fcGm,Sm;vdkY? rpm;tyfyg/

( 329 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ykwfodk;rSdefí? n§defteHUudk? pGefYvTwfcGmí? 0D;pGma,Smif,Sm;? roefY&mrSm? jzefYumxm;au?
,ifem;tpm? a,Smifoifhyga&/ ,ifaMumifhomvQif? a&m*gn§ufrSm? ul;pufawaESmif;/
woG,faemufrSm? oufcE¨mvQif? &SnfMumorQ? xJb0ifrSm? pJG0ifMuzdkY? ajymjyOD;rnf?
owdaqmifí? armifpum;udk? axmifem;wnfyg/ aMumufzG,fwyg;? wanmifanmifESifh?
jcifaumifrsm;vnf;? vlom;tEå&m,f? jcifudkufrlvQif? tylrsm;í? zsm;wwfawZk?
&Sd0,fumv? ayg&Pjzifh? ajymMuwHkvpf? vlrsm;zsifudk? usm;0ifudkufaomf? ajymif;vpfcE¨m?
wa,mufomvQif? oDumysufqHk;? jcifudkufacsaomf? wjynfvHk;vQif? oDqHk;&onf?
oufBuD;tdk½dkU? qdkpum;udk? rSwfom;ayaESmif;/ þonfaumif;&yf? *koHcgvQif?
qdkumxm;au? pum;&yfESifh? xyfvdkYwoG,f? em;axmifolau? vltrsm;udk?
ajymMum;rnfum;? jrifh&SnfESpfwm? &SdtcgwGif? om,mvSy? jra&mifqdkif;í?
awmifpdkif0dkif;au? wdkif;&u©wGif? rsm;vSvloQif? xJb0ifrSm? r&Tifrys? y'kr®mav?
a&TMumyef;udk? eDvSrf;Mua,mif? &SduwrHk? cgwzHkvQif? rMuHKpzl;? &mZ0ifrSm? pmwif[dau?
rwGdzl;bJ? tusL;tvGef? jcifzD;&efaMumifh? oDvGefysufjyKef;? rsdK;&cdkifav? wpdkifvHk;yif?
ukefqHk;rwwf? aMumif;jcif;&mudk? aemifvmrSwf&ef? odtyfpifppf? jyu©'defrSm?
&ufcsdefudkufí? ouú&mZfaumZm? udef;ocFsmvQi?f udk;&mjynfhvpf? aMumufaumif;zG,fESifh?
xdkonfESpfwGif? arSmifrdkufrJrIef? rdk;ypöHKau? t[kefjyif;jy? cgrusefatmif? &GmoGefcsí?
wGif;pukef;ajrmif? &DazmifazmifESifh? 0gacgifrmo? qef;pBudrfau? csdefumvwGif?
tpjyKjyef? jcif\&efaMumifh? a&m*Eåm&? &cdik fjynfav? e,foD;oD;rSm? uyfBuD;usvdkY?
'ku©rsm;pGm? zsm;BuD;emaMumifh? oD&Gmajymif;&? ysufpD;olav? [lorQudk? &mZrif;om;?
rwfrsm;pGmESifh? jynf&GmvSnfhajrmuf? a&TyDjyifrSm? rSwfwifoGif;au? pm&if;aumufaomf?
oDaysmufolrSef? wodef;vGefí? ausmfjyefESpfaomif;? av;axmifu,fau?
ESpfq,fajrmufí? av;a,mufaqmif;[k? &Sda[mif;yDpm? jr'dk;a0\? &GD;onfhusrf;rSm?
ñTef;vdkYyga&/ xdkcgumv? zsm;emolau? [lorQ\? jzpf&wHkvpf? t&if;cHau? rSefoepfudk?
pD;ppf&a,mif? ay:xGef;atmif[k? nmPfa&mifxGef;NyD;? "gwf0dZÆmav? q&mBuD;udk?
ac:NyD;wvD? rif;&mZmrSm? tmPmrSwfí? prf;oyfpDaomf? *rÇDoum? orm;awmf[k?
ausmfwa,mufau? ygarmu©vQif? NrdKUjyawm&Gm? tjzmjzmwGif? jrwfpGmywfvSnfh?
zsm;jcif;[efESifh? oGD;oH½dkUudk? prf;vdkYMunfhvQif? ylízsm;jcif;? ief;zsm;jcif;ESifh? twGif;tla&mif?
tylaqmifí? tmacgifuJGjywf? "gwftmumvQif? ywfumqD;au? ttD;ywfvdkY?
zsm;vwfjcif;onf? {u0kwfau? r[kwfacsbJ? þonfa&m*g? vu©PmrSm? wjzmuJGx?
rsm;aomolau? [lorQwGif? '[awaZm? wGif;o@mefrSm? vGefjyefYajymí? taMumwGefYcg?
udk,fcE¨mvQif? vGefpGmwkefNyD;? ESvHk;tdrfrSm? cHumaxmif;au? a*gif;vnf;nD;vdkY?
&Snf0D;Mumwif? &Sdq&m½dkU? onmxm;au? iSufzsm;wGifa&/ odkYpifrSefvS? vu©Pmudk?
&SmumwGdau? wdtusjzifh? od&aomcg? odef;aomif;csDí? jcif&GDrsm;udk? zrf;xm;ygí/
a&m*gprf;oyf? &ufra,SmifbJ? jcifaumifrsm;udk? cJGjcm;vwfaomf? rcRwfrSefbd?
odef;aomif;csDí? jcif&GDrsm;rSm? ig;rsdK;wGda&/ rSwfodtyf&m? jcifig;jzmvQif? jcif0gjcifapmuf?
jcifajymufjcifusm;? jcifukvm;[k? cJGjcm;wHkjyef? yHko@efESifh? udkufjyefumv? jcifrsm;pGm\?
obm0udk? azmfjyOD;rnf? trsm;cifrSm? em;qifvwfau? rSwfuwfayaESmif;/

( 330 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
qdkrnfwaxmuf? jcifapmufaumifrSm? ESma&mifaumufvdkY? NcDaxmufum;&Snf?
olUudk,fxnfrSm? enf;i,fñdkvQuf? udkufvwfusifaomf? aemufxifjrifhí? a*gif;zufedrfhcg?
vlrsm;udk,fu? oGD;udkEIwfí? pkwfwwfygí? olUrSmygvwf? a*gif;atmuf0,fwGif?
t&nftdyfau? tqdyf"gwfaMumifh? rcRwfrSefpGm? iSufzsm;emvQif? jzpfyg&onf/
av;jzmusefau? jcif&efrsm;udk? ajymMum;rnfaESmif;/ aMumufzG,faumif;pGm? zsm;temudk?
rsm;pGmjzpfwwf? nifomomESifh? jcif0g[yfí? udkufvwfaomcg? olUrl&mwGif?
a*gif;rSmjrifhbd? NcDaxmufoGifau? aemufwGifedrfhvdkY? usef[dxdkaemuf? vlUcE¨mrSm?
oGD;vmaomufau? jcifajymufjcifusm;? rJa&mifxifau? jcifukvm;½dkU? udkufjim;Mujyef?
zsm;temrSm? rsm;pGmcdkufvdkY? rjzpfwefvnf;? ylvGefBuD;pGm? iSufzsm;ygau? olemudk,fü?
*koHqdkau? xdkjcifnpf½dkU? vmudkufNyD;aemuf? usr®molav? vlwa,mufudk?
udkufazmufaomcg? iSufzsm;emvQif? jzpfwwfyga&/ usm;xufyifav? jcif&efzD;rSm?
BuD;vwfaw[k? &Sd0,ftcg? nmPfa&mif0gESifh? q&may:xGef;? rif;bk&ifudk?
avQmufwifcef;0,f? us,f0ef;rsm;vGef? jcif\&efaMumifh? zsm;jyefukefMu? vu©Pmudk?
cJGumjcm;í? &GD;om;jyvnf;? a&mufMuem;cH? araESmif;pGef½dkU? odweforQ? tenf;i,fvQif?
oHacyjzifh? ajymjyvdkufaw/ aygif;o[mav? vmorQ½dkU? rSwfMuayí? jrJaxGedpö?
jcifqdk;&efudk? rusef<uif;atmif? ESdrfESif;MuzdkY? &Gmp&Gmzsm;? &Dykwfqdkifau? tif;tdkifrsm;ESifh?
tdrfem;0J,m? &D0wf&mudk? nDnmwluG? vkv’oefí? tm;cGefpdkufau? zdkYypf&rnf/
xdkrSwjcm;? trdIufyHkESifh? awmjcHKrsm;vnf;? jcifyGm;wwfaw/ tdrfwGif;jyifudk?
oefYpifjim;atmif? vkyfxm;ayrS? uka#uk#m? jcifrsm;pGmvQif? rsdK;ygvnf;wkH;? jynfEdkifiHrSm?
rusefjyKef;rS? tm;vHk;csrf;om? vlwumvQif? usr®mvdr®nf/ þaMumif;&mav? rSmpum;udk?
xm;NyD;auvQif? aemuf0,fxyfrH? vkyfoifh&efudk? tuRefajymrnf/ trsm;olav? jzLESr½dkU?
rSwfMuayaESmif;/ av;axGorkwf? "gwfcE¨mav? r[mbkwf½dkU? aqmifikwfysufcg?
jzpfyGm;&mESifh? oDwmckvS? tD;wrlau? ylw0jzifh? yuú&P? uu©v[k? pD;us,dkpGm?
awmifhwif;rmonf? a&m*gaxGjym;? ½kyfcE¨mrSm? jzpfvmjim;aomf? rrsm;rvGef?
oifhawmfwef&ef? pDrHjyKjim;? ajcmuf&omESifh? MoZmavmif;au? qDaumif;pm;vdkY?
vSJvm;tnD? q,fESpfvDau? &moDOwk? tm*EåKESifh? tm,k0CkP? [m,e[k?
umv&ufwm? csdeftcgwGif? vdk&maxmufxm;? qD;r&aomf? tpmrsm;ESifh? ukpm;uwfyg?
udk,fcE¨mvQif? usr®mvdr®nf? &SdolrGef½dkU? usrf;*efrsm;rSm? ñTef;xm;a&av;/

(30) ñTef;xm;ra,wjzm? &Sdudkqef;vdkY? wcPf;rSmvQif? 0HomEG,, f dkif? rsdK;tpdkifau?

&cdkifjynfzGm;? BuD;ti,fESifh? armifr,frsm;½dkU? tm;xm;p&m? wwfynmudk? BuD;pGmvkv’?
ZJGpdwfxlí? oif,lMuzdkY? armifuajymrnf/ oazmem;0if? &Sdcdk;wGif0,f? t,ifpvwf?
tu©&mESifh? pmtwwfudk? oiftyfawmhonf/ aMumif;wrnfudk? enf;i,foGif;vdkY?
,Sif;vif;rnfum;? jyefYus,fvSpGm? þurÇmwGif? jynf&GmowfrSwf? eDxdkifolav?
vlpdwf"gwf\? trSwfonm? xdkt&monf? &SnfpGmrcH? ESpfvwmav? jrifhMuma&mufau?
rdaysmufjyefí? zdk;wefvSpGm? ordkif;vmESihf? ynmodyÜ? tzHkzHkav? aysmufukefqHk;au?
ysufjyKef;MuvdkY? odyÜrsm;pGm? tjzmjzmudk? tu©&mwifjim;? ausmufwvDau? yDwrsdK;jzifh?

( 331 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&GD;xdk;xm;aomf? &SnfvQm;umv? rysufEdkifbJ? pdkifrjywfau? odrSwf&a&/ odkYjzpfayí?
armifarpHknD? &Sdcdk;csDí? pmyDynm? tu©&mudk? oifygNyD;rS? aemufrSomvQif? Xm&o[k?
odyÜpHkatmif? oifMum;aqmifí? xdkaemifNyD;rS? wwfaumif;&efudk? tuRefuvQif?
ñTefjyOD;rnf/ &Sdya0wGif? Xmae&Xm? vGefBuD;us,fí? tv,fwdkufau? rdpädrmwGif?
emvEå[k? wuúoDvm? ausmif;awmfom0,f? ynm&ifEdkU? ESpfrsm;pGmyif? cgrcsdKUbJ?
aomufpdkUwwfyGef? jynfawmfjyefau? a&TnmPfBuD;bd? wkr[dau? u0djr0g? rif;q&mvQif?
aemifvmi,fBuD;? rSwfpDcsifí? pD&if&GD;onf? ausmf[D;emr? wkrrQau? okw&wem?
usrf;yDpmwGif? ñTef;umazmfjy? wuúaA'? xdkaemufrSvQif? owåaA'? abm*ZD0g?
tjzmjzmudk? avhvmNyD;axG? rsdK;&cdkif½dkU? pdkifrjywfvQif? oifuwfayí? usifvnfNyD;rS?
aoe*FESifh? ouwpwå? y'kr®ESifh? av;0AsL[m? ppfynmau? 'dkif;umtwwf?
odkif;twwfESifh? 'g;cGwfvSHxdk;? trsdK;rsdK;vQif? pufBudK;,Eå&m;? pdkiftvmjzifh? ynm&yfau?
twwfrsm;ESifh? wjcm;jynf&Gm? vlrsm;pGm\? bmompum;? tu©&mESifh? ynmrsm;yg?
oifBum;tyfaw/ wwfajrmufygaomf? urÇm&yfrSm? qufpyfvG,fvdkY? ayg<u,fokw?
tzHkzHkESifh? jynfhpHkMuaomf? nmPy@d? xufjrufpGmjzifh? ynm[d[k? u0dajrmufay?
pGrf;*kPf&nfESifh? vli,frsm;pGm? jynfr@dKifrSm? pdkifrysufau? ay:xGufvmaomf?
urÇmausmf[dk;? tEG,f,dkifonf? &cdkifrsdK;rSm? wef;cdk;tmPm? awmifoNyDav?
atmifNrDuRef;rSm? xGef;zdkY&mav;/

(31) r[ma*0Ho? a&T&cdkifav? ,dkifESr½dkU? odMupD&ef? pm&dwåudk? ajyjyñTefrnf/

em;cHrSwfom;? BuD;i,f[laomf? vltrsm;½dkU? a,Smif,Sm;pdkifquf? jynfxdkxdkwGif?
vludkzsufonf? t&ufoDpm? aomufpm;cgjzifh? rmefygpdwfjyif;? cdkuf&efvdkí? qJqdkjcif;ESifh?
bdef;bif;aomufcsL? tysif;xlonf? trlayghysuf? qdk;tn§ufau? cdk;0Sufvdrfnm?
wcsdKUrSmvQif? OpömvdkNyD;? olUwudk,fudk? aumif;vdk&D;jzifh? jynfBuD;wdkif;cGif? rsm;vloQifrSm?
Zmyifjzpfjim;? wjcm;jynfav? we,fom;xH? a&mif;pm;csifvdkY? qdk;pdwfydkí? olvQdKjyKjim;?
uRefpdwf0ifonf? *kPftif,kwfau? tvkyfrsm;ESifh? vbfpm;vbfxdk;? trsdK;rsdK;vQif?
r½dk;rom;? usdK;ryGm;au? qdk;0g;vSpGm? pdwf,w k frmudk? yg,fcGmNyD;rS? wGif;o@mefrSm?
aumif;rGefpdwfau? pm&dwåESifh? jynfh0nDpGm? BuD;woG,fav? i,ftvwf½dkU? vkyftyfyga&/
t&mwzHk? ojym*kPfESifh? jynfhpHkMuzdkY? ñTefjytHhiSm? wcPf;rSmvQif? usrf;vmn§dEIdif;?
r,kwfvGefbJ? [kwfrSew f dkif;udk? rqdkif;ck0,f? trsm;r,f½dkU? em;vnfvSa,mif? ,Sif;jyayrl?
&Sd0,fajymMum;? tpdkiftm;jzifh? pum;tvm? vltrsm;rSm? pD;yGm;&Smaomf? uHomtrd?
rsm;tvdkjzifh? tqdk[dvnf;? todw0? uRefYtvdkudk? ajymqdk&rl? 0d&d,nmPf? t&if;cHí?
vkyfMuHNyD;rS? "e[HkESifh? jynfhpHkMuaomf? apmifhx&SduH? z,frvGJau? wnfjrJjyef[k? tuREkfyfu?
twefwefvQif? a0zefaESmau? oazm&vdkY? vlUbocif? od*Fgv[k? emrwGifau?
rxifr&Sm;? ysdKEke,fESifh? &G,fBuD;rm;au? oXD;om;udk? av;yg;pHkpGm? orÜ'g[k? "r®mcsdKarm?
tmvkwfawmfrm? xkwfazmfa[mvdkY? oazm"dyÜg,f? todvG,fatmif? tus,fazmfjy?
&SdOD;pGmau? OXme[k? vkv’BuD;vGef? tm;xkw&f efESifh? wzefaemufrS? orÜ'gau? tm&u©[k?
&orQom? rsm;Opömudk? vHkpGmodrf;oGif;? uJGysufNydKí? r,dk,Gif;atmif? apmifhjcif;w0?

( 332 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
xdkaemufrSvQif? uvsmPrdwåm? orÜ'g[k? ynm[djim;? usifhwnfMunfau? rdwfaqGrsm;udk?
xHyg;eD;vS? taMumif;awmfatmif? aygif;azmf&\/ or®ZD0dwm? orÜ'gum;?
vGefpGmoefY,Sif;? tjypfuif;onf? vkyfcif;udkifwm? tjzmjzmudk? tcgrjywf? wdk;rvGefbJ?
NcdK;jcHjim;au? vkyfpm;tyf[k? usrf;jrwfokwåH? ygax,srSm? a[mjyñTefvdkY? uHudkOD;pGm?
vdktyfyg[k? >rufcgr[d? oAÁnmPfudk? MuHvdkYodau? u0dy&r? Ekwå&au? Ak'¨oQifapm?
0d&d,udk? xkwfazmfa[mvdkY? jyefYajym<u,f0? &wemau? Opöm&atmif? 0d&d,nmPf?
t&if;cHí? jyif;xefBudK;pm;? tcsdefrSefí? Budrfzefrsm;vQif? vkyfjim;aomcg? &cdkifjynfrSm?
NydKifzG,fuif;atmif? jynfhwif;vmrnf/ t&mw&yf? BuD;ti,fau? &G,ftvwfESifh?
,kwfjrwfr[l? a&Tjhynfolav? oQifvl&[ef;? pnf;vHk;pGmjzifh? nDnmcef;udk? us,f0ef;rqdk?
rydkrdkbJ? wdkwdkajymrnf? pJGjrJpGmjzifh? rSmpum;udk? rSwfom;ayaESmif;/ Mum&Snfjrifhrm;?
a&T&cdkifrSm? eDxdkifjim;au? rjcm;rsdK;EG,f? oufBuD;&G,fudk? ti,f½dkñGwf? BuD;aomolu?
i,folrsm;udk? oem;uwfí? tvwf&G,fwl? csif;csif;rlav? MunfjzLav;pm;? w0rf;rlau?
wtlzGm;odkY? pum;EIwfcsdK? rrkef;MubJ? qkrq ® dkvdkY? tpfudknDvS? r&D;ponf? ESrwoD;?
zBuD;zdk;abmif? vdkufzufa,mifav? ac:aqmifEIwfquf? ysm;oumodkY? emomjim;atmif?
pum;>rufvdkY? pHkrufMuifem? toJn§mrSm? pJGum&pfanmif;? tcspfjzmau? rdwåmavmif;vdkY?
raumif;wrHk? taMumif;qHkau? aygif;qHkpka0;? twlrSefau? cHpjrJjzifh? z,fvTJrjyK?
BuD;tus,fESifh? XD;<u,frIvQif? wcktrSef? wa,mufxHrSm? a&mufjyefaomcg?
twlomvQif? ,lumcHpm;? aumif;raumif;ESifh? taMumif;rsm;udk? jynfom;jynfol?
BuD;woG,fav? i,fwjcm;au? trsm;ol½dkU? twlvufwJG? wrdefYcHau? woHwnf;jzifh?
pkpnf;nDnm? ZJGpdwfrmefESifh? tHudkudkufí? vkyfxdkufyg[k? usifh&majcmufyg;? BuD;yGm;&efav?
tMuHaumif;jzifh? taMumif;rsm;udk? pum;csdKvS? aumif;usdK;aqmifí? armifxGef;jru?
ajymjypHka,mif? vya&mifav? odkifacgifcsdefa&muf? wcPf;wkH;í? NyD;qHk;ajrmufaomf?
axmufíwzef? odef;ausmha0av? ysdKarvSrSm? ajymjy[efum;? ,refedn? armifxGef;jrudk?
aiGvSysdKar? oGef;um&,fí? qdkonfrSmum;? a&mufvmolav? vltrsm;ESifh? pum;cGef;oH?
rqufqHbJ? jyefvSefr[d? ajrmufOD;jynfu? armifawrd[k? qdkrdwHk&m? xdkolñTef;au?
wcPf;rSmvQif? a&mif0gxGef;y? yg&rDESifh? Zm*D[dav? awrd,udk? rGD;zbkef;rdk? eef;rñdku?
tvdkprf;Mu? yrmqdkau? xdktcPf;ESifh? wlvGef;vSa&/ *kuwcg? awm0emwGif? rmwmyDw?
rsm;jynfolav? [lorQudk? "r®jrwfrGef? w&m;oHjzifh? a[mñTefcRwfx? yrmaqmifau?
armifxGef;jrESifh? wlvSawmhonf/ odef;ausmha0av? ysdKarvSrSm? ajymjyayvQif?
ysdKarEGJUaESmif;? em;axmifolav? vltaygif;rSm? aomif;aomif;vnf;&,f? qD;uGrf;,mudk?
vSrf;umpm;au? &yfem;a&av;/

(4if;rS yDajcmuf&GufvHk;0ysufpD;ygonf/)

(ed*kPf;csKyf)

( 333 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tqHk;ra,wyk'f? omjcif;pdkifudk? ,,dkifoHk;vdkY? ed*Hk;csKyfrnf/ uREkyfrSefpGm? þuAsmudk?
oHomcsdKjim;? &SdxHk;tnD? EIH;rrSDa,mif? uHk;pDxm;vnf;? &SnfvQm;ESpfwm? or,mjzifh?
umvMumí? tu©&mwdrf;yg;? pyfum&HvQif? rrSefjim;bJ? ysufjym;íom?
aemufaemifvmau? ynm[d½dkU? wGdaomcgwGif? jyefumzmxD;? jyKysif&efudk? uRefcGifhyD;a&/
odkYNyD;rSom? þuAsmonf? ----------/

(4if;rS pmig;aMumif; zwfír&/)

aumZma&mufvpf? ouú&mZfau? rSwfydkufocFsm? wGufppfcg0,f? {um'G,? cefY½lywGif?

rdó&moD? ykPÖrDau? wdxD&ufpd? -----------/

(þtydk'fwGifvnf; þrQom zwfí&ygonf/)

(tqHk;yDcsyfwGif)

ouú&mZf 1116 - ck? jymodkvqef; (10) &uf? (2) vm peD rGef;vJGcsdefwGif &GD;ul;NyD;onf/
a&TvHk;vuf&GD;? yk'dtmESifhjynfhpHk&ygvdk\/

(rSm;,Gif;onfh owfyHkrsm;udk axmufjyysifqifyD;ygu aumif;pGm aus;Zkwifygrnf/

yHkrESdyf&ygodrfh/ aumif;pGmodrf;qnf;xm;Muygukef/)

&cdkifatmifvHawmfvuFm
Mum;ydrfhAdkvfvl? tHhcsdrfhrlavmh
aomif;,lZem? NrDrsufESmxuf
ajrmufrSmtmoH? awmif&HoD[dkVf
aemufudkvSnfhvnf? r&GHjynfESifh
Ownfydkifjcif;? yifv,fqif;atmif
pdk;rif;wum? OD;ñGwf&monf
om,m&Gufawmif? &efwdkif;atmifonf
bkef;acgif"r®&mZm? OuúmrkcfcsdK;
orkwf½dk;vQif? pHpdk;aomcg
&u©myl&? "nNrdKUBuD;
wdkif;vHk;xD;udk? NyD;pD;cefU&nf
a&Teef;wnfí? atmifpnfnHnH
bdodufcHu? ausmfoHowif;

( 334 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aomif;vHk;csif;rQ? jrif;vnf;odE¨0
em*q'´gef? &efrmefyg,fvS,fh
jcaoFhauo&D
atmifeDatmifjzL? yÍö½ludk
MunfjzLESpfouf? ewf½dkUqufu
bkef;usufoa&? rdk;ES,fpG,f\
a&TaiG&wem? ya'omoD;
NyD;pD;pDwwf? ewforw
apmifhoDvESifh? £E´0ZD&m
tvuFm&? tpjzefYcsD
oD&d"Z? csdKjrom,m
aemufydkufrSmvnf;? r[mok"r®
&mZm*k½k? ½Hk;umpkí
rsuf½IcwfESdyf? a&TwHqdyfudk
pdyfpdyfMunfEl;? a&Teef;OD;ü
&TifjrL;MunfjzL? vIawmfrlu
ewfvlwum? aumif;csdrfhnmvQuf
om,mjrwfEdk;? rdwÅmNzdK;í
&DrdkCf;rSefpGm? NrDMoZmvnf;
&omjynfhESuf? atmifqkqufí
&moufwnfaMumif;? rsdK;opfavmif;onf
½dkufaoQmif;yJhwif NcdrfhNcdrfhwnf;/

pdefwifNrdKUpm; trwfynm[d
(oD&drmv’m rdyef;&H)

odefuefrdefwGif&wk
tydk'f (1)
odefuefrdefwGif? q,fhESpfcGifudk? vGefyifjrifhpnf? Mum&Snfwmtul;? waygif;rifvGif?
&GufusifawmifvDjrL;u? jypfoG,fEl;pD;oG,fjzm? rwwfomNyD? rIdif;vdkU&Dau?
MunfhvDorQomwnf;/ yifwdkif;rSmn§m&Gu<f uD? vDjyif;cwfvdkuf? y&pf0D0De,fh?
iSuf&TDarmifESHpHk? vdkifcsif;wGJ,Suf? yef;Ekcufuk?d ,lvsufEIwf0,frHk&,fh? pmcGefUwHk&TifESpfvdkU?
wxl;axGvm? bmomvlvdk? rudkEIwfjzifhwdkU&,fh? {;,fodkUcspfzG,fqif/
&moDcGifq,fhESpfvrf;? jirf;ESifhtnD? rd*oDyif? &Sd,fhujrifaomf? pufcGifrSma,mif,rf;c,fh/
axmufvSrf;rpmem? ynmtxk? jrwfolUMunfhrSef? MumvD[efrl? ol&wef&ifoDG;?

( 335 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
'ef&rmZmvD? 'l&bDESifh? cspfnDwlc&D;udk? aemufrD;ravQmufvdk/ eDvhJESpfqifh? ESpfyGifhpHknD?
r'´D&Sd,fht[dk½dkU? awmifuGsef;ñdkavmu"gwf? wdkif;rdpädrm? ,if;ujzmau?
&mZmtrsdK;jrwft,fh/ qufrjywfodrf;,ljyef? omuDtquf? EG,frysufau?
ueufjzefUumpHt,fh/ oQpfwefyv’if½kd;? bdk;uqufcH? beef;pHau? eef;&Hudk,fhtrsdK;wnf;/
uwdk;eHU O'[dk? oif;ysHUrTD;BudKif? oQpf&yfvIdifau? r@dKifcsufjrKyfodkxuf? jynfe*dk&fa0omvD?
"nESpfcef;? ESpfjynfvTrf;au? xD;eef;tpD&Dwnf;/ rsdK;omuDpdkifrysuf? ESpfaygif;&SnfMum?
r[mEG,frsdK;wuft,fh/ r,SufraESmNyD? oQpfaomif;tcsm? qufumpdk;pH? eef;&Hr,fhXmeDodkU?
&moDcGifrpGef;cif? atmifpnf&Tef;vdkU? pufyef;jzefUpDcsifa&? aemufcGifMumvGef;pGwum;vnf/

tydk'f (2)

aemufcGifMumvGef;? &moDpGef;vQif? &pfoef;vSnfhcg? oQpfjzmtHk;vmBudK;? tmumwdrf;ñGwf?

NydKvwfbdoGif? r,fvQifvufpHkrdk;&,fh? aMumuf&GHUpdk;n§dK;rsufESm? vuf&TDjzefUxm;?
odMum;udkavQmufxm;ygt,fh/ awmifnmra[&ifoGD;? ESpfyg;armifESHpHk? bkef;&dyfvIHau?
y'HkMumeHYrTD;t,fh/ cspf<uD;rwifcif? q,fhoHk;ESpf0,f? i,f&G,fpdkifuyifwnfh/
bewfoQifavmif;bk&m;? jcm;0rf;ruGm? &if;csmarmifr,fESpfyg;udk? yD;jrm;pkvsm;wif?
vufxyf&DoGef;? q,fhESpfcef;rl? xl;qef;obifqif&,fh? cspfBudK;rQifoG,f&pfywf? e0&wfpD?
odif*Dtdrf&Sd,fhewfESifh? pdefjc,fowftv,fwGif? armif;rrsm;ajrmif? waxmifru?
pHMuwHk;udkyifwnfh/ oHk;ESpf&moDrSm? ukvm;eDjyef? ol&wefu? tm;tefjywHkvm&,fh?
cGefb@mqufroGif;? Oy&mZfoQif? r,fhxdyfwifudk? tvQifcsDapvQif;[k?
aomif;wGif;ZrÁLydkif? tmPmrdefYjrwf? bcifewfu? trwfwaxmif?
jrm;ajrmifvufeufudkifESifh? awmifr@dKifNydKrcef;? qifjrif;ppfcsD? yJhwif0Dau?
{;,fNrDodrfhodrfhusef;rQ? eef;tdrf&Sdodcif? eHawmfurl? pwl&yg'f? eu©wftxGef;?
usD;uef;wm&m? [oFmtxGuf? ppfcsDwufvQifwnfh/ aemufcGifarmufolZm? c½dkifwvTm;?
tydkifpm;au? pHum;oHk;BudrfMumc,fh/ awmifwmudkcsifhwGufjyef? r,f½dkUpHjref;? &TDbHkeef;ESifh?
*Pef;ocFsm? ,lZemrl? e0g'orSeft,fh/ tvQiftjrefjyefpd,faMumif;? qkawmif;qk,l?
odrfhodrfhqlau? oQifvlrsm;taygif;wnfh/ eef;avmif;r,fhodcif? atmifyef;pdkufaqmif?
bkef;acgifjyefpd,fcsifa&? avQmufwifcgyef;pGwum;vnf;/

tydk'f (3)

avQmufwifcgyef;? &moDqef;vQif? eef;jrifhatmifNrD? q,fhESpfvD&pfoef;jrL;?

armufolZmau? 'uúmqdyfurf;OD;u? aus;Zl;*kPfoQpfwef? trwfvdr®m? xdkNrdKU&GmwGif?
tmPmoHk;c,fhjyefrS? ajymifq'´efrmwif½dk;? xGufvQifrjyef? rvSef½dkUrif;rsdK;wnfh/
qdk;aumif;ESpfyg;wGif? &dyfjcnftrQif? toQifodvQif;yifwnfh/ ynmoQiftkyfxdef;rS?
NrdKUjyjynf&Gm? om,mpnfum;vSt,fh/ rif;a,mufsm; "r®wm? ynmrJhuGuf?
nmPfrpGufaomf? jynfxufrxm;&mwnfh/ &Sd,fhusrf;vm xHk;pma[mif;? usdK;aMumif;odjyef?

( 336 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
bJGUrGeftrwfaumif;udk? aemufwaMumif;ukvm;&Gm? tydkiftyfNyD;? ppfolBuD;[k?
apmxD;xm;c,fhrSmt,fh/ b&mZmrdefUawmfjrwf? OD;xdyf&Gufyef? eef;&Htdrf&Sd,fhewfudk?
½dkñGwfavQmufxm;wif? &moDajymif;&,fh? rdk;aESmif;0gv? aqmif;ptul;wGifEdIuf?
rsm;zsifppfAdkvfNcD? xdkNrDw0uf? vufeufxm;c,fhpd,f[k? ajrmufvDjzL;vmvQif?
b&mZmrdefUjrwfxl;? OD;xdyfyef&Gufqif&,fh? &Sd,fhvmvQifaemufvJhaumif;? ½Hk;aygif;½IarQmf?
nmPfawmfomtaMumif;wnfh/ rif;avmif;&mZm? Munf;&Dwif;usef;?
jrpfvrf;ESpfbufrSmvJh? ed,fhrMumtxyfxyf? &ufpyfpd,fuRef? a&mufvwfjyefaomf?
trSefr,Hkvwfc,fh/ aemuf&yfydkifodcif? a[reftul;? &JrI;ppfatmifjrifa&?
a&mufxifMumeef; uwum;vnf/

ok0PÖa'0D (apmjynfhñdk) &GD;zJGUonf/

&ckdifzm;jyKwfau00w¬K
zm;jyKwfauwaumif? tkH;abmifpD;vQuf? jzm;&DwufwGif? acsmif;udk0ifí vmvwåH/
xkda&mtcg? acsmif;urf;omwGif? jym;ZD;yifwukdif;wGifem;vQuf? yefZif;iSufu?
cifyGef;rdwfaqG? zm;jyKwfau? ZmjynfZm&Gm? Zmuvm[k? aocsmppfppf rD;vwåH/
yefZif;rD;av? zm;jyKwfauu? wkdif;jynfNrdKU&Gm? vSnfhvkdUvm[k? ajzvwåH/

xkdokdUajzcg? wkdif;jynfNrdKU&Gm? Mum;cygonf? yZmowif; xl;oenf;[k? rD;vwåH/ xkdokdUrD;cg?

ajzonfrSmum;? ork'´&m? oDwm&DNrD? rkd;vDrkefwkdif;? tHkrdIif;rdIif;ESifh? awmfvJyJhwif?
ivQifNrDBuD; vIyfvwåH/ xdkodkUvIyfcg? uRef;'DygrSm? urÇmausmufBuD; uJGvwåH/ xdkodkUuJGcg?
wGif;rSmajrmufawmifh? ckESpfawmifhvnf; usdK;vwåH/ vlvnf;av;pk uJGvwåH/

xkdokdUajzcg? yefZif;iSufu rD;jyefonfrSm? tdktdkrdwfaqG? zm;jyKwfau? tu,fpifppf?

xdkodkUjzpfrl? i½dkUolig? yZmjyKvkyf&rnfenf;[k rD;vwåH/ xdkodkUrD;cg? zm;jyKwfauu?
tkdtkdrdwfaqG? yefZif;i,f? tu,fpifppf? xdkokdUjzpfrl? BuD;ol0rf;acgif;? i,folatmif;?
waMumif;xkdwGif? csrf;omtifukd? jrifvdr®nf[k ajzvwåH/ xkda&mcg0,f? yefZif;i,fu?
aMumufbG,fp&m? Mum;&ygonf? ncgwkdifNyD;? aMumuftm;BuD;í? iSufBuD;a&mif;&if?
tdyf&mwGifü? 0rf;wGif;0ifrnf? MuHvwåH/

MuHpnfxkdcg? jyKaomcgwGif? a&mif;&ifiSufBuD;? vefUtm;BuD;í? oHBuD;ausmfausmf?

atmfvwåH/ oHBuD;ausmfausmf? jrnf[pfatmfu? arsmufausmfruú#? eDxopfyif? ojyKyifü?
vufwGifukdifNyD;? ojyKoD;udk? pm;rnfjyKx? vefUaMumufvSí? vufrSvGwfaomf?
atmufwGifeDx? awmqwfr\? aemufukef;ay:wGif? usvwåH/ xkdokdUusvQif?
emMuifvefUaMumuf? NcDpkHaygufí? vm;ajrmufNyD;ckef? EG,fjcKHaygif;,Suf? awmMuufom,m?

( 337 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
Oaygufcgjzifh? eD&mokdufjrKH? jypfjypfukeaf tmif? eif;wkHNzdKzsuf? axmif;axmif;nufí?
awmMuufrrSm? pdwfylqmí? vrf;rSwGdqkH? awmjctkHudk? jypfjypfukefu? NydKwkHjcaygif;?
axmifaomif;ru? awm0ufr\? 0yfxeD&m? a&mufvDygaomf? 0rf;rSm&ifzwf? rvGwfEkdUoD;?
jcBuD;jci,f? ukdufavukefu? NyD;wkHvl;vm? 0ufrrSmvnf;? emMuiftD;vwf? NyD;rvGwfaomf?
qmrGwf0rf;pm? awmif,mvkyf&if;? pyg;cif;ukd? 0ifíxkdcgpm;vwåH/

0ifípm;av? eDwkHayu? ,mwGifxGifvkyf? irJwkwfvQif? wGdvDjrifaomf? ,moQifwoD;?

,molBuD;udk? tNyD;wkdifMum; ajymvwåH/ tNyD;wkdifajrmuf? irJwkwfa&mufu? irJwkwfusm?
,muvmau? ,mrSmpyg;? rSnfhAsmvm;[k? rD;vwåH/ rD;jim;aomcg? rJwkwfusmu?
rSnfhum;rSnfh,uf? tpywfvnf? arsmufzsufaw? tv,fw½dk;? 0ufi,fwkd;[k?
ajymvDaomcg? awmif,mykdifeif;? olBuD;rif;u? csufcsif;rMum? ,mrSmpm;vQuf?
xkd0ufrukd? zrf;í,lcD? vm;uwfvD[k pDvwåH/ zrf;í,lcD? vm;uwfvDu?
,mwGifxGifvkyf? irJwkwfu? okwfokwfjyefvm? ,mrSmpm;x? awm0ufrukd?
ausmhuGif;axmifvQuf? vuf&zrf;,l? ,mrlykdifeif;? olBuD;rif;ukd? vQifjrefraES; yD;vwåH/

yD;tyfvDau? vkyfaxGukdifcif;? ,mykdifrif;u? awmwGif;eDx? awm0ufrukd? igomykdifeif;?

pyg;cif;ukd? yZmwGufaMumifh? pm;oenf;[k? rD;vwåH/ rD;vDaomcg? bmombm0?
uRef0ufronf? tdyfxeD&m? jcrsm;pGmvQif? a&mufvmqdwfqG? ukdufcJMuí? NyD;xa,SmiffcGm?
rvGwfomau? a&muf&ma&mufrd? [dpDbd[k? NyD;vDaomcg? vrf;rSmwGdNyD;?
awmarsmufxD;u? taqG0ufr? yZmaMumif;aMumifh? NyD;oenf;[k? rD;aomumv?
uRef0ufrrSm? jcukdufygonf? ajymvDaomcg? awmif,mvkyfcif;? pyg;cif;udk? 0ifíraoG?
pm;ygav[k? qdkjcif;jyKu? rcsdcE¨m? EGrf;&dygí? 0rf;rSmqmrGwf? wGdvwftpm? pyg;,mukd?
0ifumraoG? pm;rdonf[k? ajzvwåH/

ajzqkdwkHu? ppfcsuf&í? jcrudkac:? rdefUqkdtmPm yD;vwåH/ yD;vDaomcg? rMumcP?

awmjcrESifh? rsm;vSjcaygif;? axmif;aomif;ru? a&mufvmMuí? ppfrrD;cg? uRefrrSmvQif?
rsm;pGmpkykH? jcokduftkHudk? tukefNzdKzsuf? awmMuuf,ufí? ysufvDaxmifaomif;?
jctaygif;½dkU? eDzkdUeD&m? r[dygí? vm;ygukefu? awm0ufr\? tdyfxeD&m? a&mufvDygí?
ukduf&onfom? jzpfygonf[k? qkdvwåH/

rSef&mudkyif? ppfwef;0ifí? okdUpifjzpfx? awm0ufrudk? t&ac:cD? tjyif;pDu?

awmeDMuufr? ac:xvma&muf? &SdawmfarSmufodkU? a&mufvwåH/ &SdarSmufraoG?
a&mufwkHayu? a[awmMuufr? jcrsm;eD&m? tkHukdomvQif? yZmaMumif;aMumifh?
,ufoenf;[k? rD;vwåH/ rD;vDaomcg? awmrSmeDx? awmMuufru? uRefrrSefpGm?
Muufbmomjzifh? okdufrSmOayguf? Orsm;ajrmufukd? apmifha,SmufeD&m? qwfrvmí?
rn§mraxmuf? NcDausmufuefvef? arSmufveS ftokduf? zsufqD;ypfu? uRefMuufrrSm?
pdwfuylqm? reDomau? vm;vmwGdMuKH? awmjctkHudk? tukefjypfjypf? ,ufNzdKypf[k?

( 338 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ajzvwåH/ xdkodkUajzcg? awmqwfrudk? t&zrf;cD? qifhvDtmPm? pDaomcgvQif? rMumcP?
awmqwfrvQif? &SdawmfjyifokdU a&mufvwåH/

a&mufvDaomcg? rD;ppf&mwGif? toifqwfr? yZmaMumif;aMumifh? MuufreDwkH? OokdufjrKHukd?

tukefjypfjypf? eif;íypfonf? ajz&rnf[k? qdkvwåH/ rD;vDaomcg? qwf½dkUbmom?
ntcgwGif? awmrSmaygufa&muf? BuD;ajrmufopfyif? ojyKyifatmuf? tdyfrnf[kyif?
eDvDusifaomf? opfyifxufu? ruú#[k? arsmufueDNyD;?? ojyKoD;ESifh? tNyD;xkdcg?
csypfygaomf? uRefawmfr\? ausmufom;aemufukef;? bkH;bkH;us&m? vefUaMumufumjzifh?
NyD;vmckefxGuf? awmMuufokdufjrKH? eif;rdwkHu? ysufpD;&onf? a'gopdwfxGuf?
eif;zsufonfom? r[kwfyg[k? aMumif;&mpum; ajzvwåH/ ajzjim;vDu? ruú#ukd?
t&&Sdawmf? ac:&rnf[k? tjyif;wcg pDvwåH/

arsmufukdwzef? ac:cDjyefu? rD;jref;ppfcsuf? arsmufqkdcsufrSm? uRefawmfhbmom?

nOfhtcgwGif? ojyKyifü? ukdifwGifeDNyD;? ojyKoD;ukd? pm;rnfjyKcg? eDvDygaomf? oH0gBuD;vS?
a&mif;&ifru? vefUaMumufp&m? [pfatmfygu? vefUaMumufvSí? vufrSmukdifNyD;?
ojyKoD;vQif? vufrSvGwfum? usvDygu? emMuif&\? a'gopdwfxGuf? &nf&G,fcsufum;?
r[kwfyg[k? qkdvwåH/

xkdokdUqkdcg? awmif,mykdifoQif? ,mocifu? oHvQifBuD;vS? a&mif;&ifrukd? t&ac:cD?

pDvwåH/ xkdokdUpDcg? oH0gBuD;vS? a&mif;&ifrvnf;? ,moQif&SdarSmuf? a&mufvwåH/
xkdokdUa&mufcg? rD;ppf&mwGif? oifa&mif;&ifr? BuD;vStoH? awmvkH;nHatmif? yZmjzpfí?
atmfoenf;[k? rD;vwåH/

xdkodkUrD;cg? oH0gBuD;x? a&mif;&ifru? iSuf½dkUbmom? opfyifxufrSm? tdyfaysmfeDqdkuf?

xkdtckdufwGif? iSufi,fyefZif;? uRefU0rf;wGif;okdU? 0ifrnf[kyif? jyKjyifaomcg?
aMumufvefUpGmjzifh? atmf&ygonf? owå0grsm;ajrmif? aMumufvefUatmif[k?
MuHaqmifjcif;um;? r[kwfyg[k? qkdvwåH/

xkdaomcg0,f? yefZif;i,fudk? &SdawmfarSmufokdU? ta&mufxkdcg? ac:vwåH/

,moQif&SdarSmuf? yefZif;a&mufu? oifyefZif;? iSuf½dkUbmom? r[kwfygbJ? oH0gBuD;x?
a&mif;&ifr\? 0rf;wGif;ukdom? 0ifzkdU&Smonf? yZmaMumif;&if;? [doenf;[k? rD;vwåH/
rD;vDaomcg? ajzonfrSmum;? uRefawmfhbmom? acsmif;omjrpfem;? ZD;ukdif;zsm;wGif?
eDygaomcg? uRefUrSmrdwfaqG? zm;jyKwfauu? jzm;&DwufrSm? tkH;abmifpD;vQuf?
0ifívmau? taqGzm;jyKwf? ZmjynfZm&Gm? Zmuvmau? yZmowif;? xl;oenf;[k?
rD;vDaomcg? uRefawmfhrdwfaqG? zm;jyKwfauu? ork'´&m? oDwm&DNrD? rkd;vDrkefwkdif;?
tHk;rdIif;rdIif;ESifh? awmfvJyJhwif? ivQifNrDBuD; vIyfvdr®nf?? xdkodkUvIyfcg? wGif;rSmajrmufawmifh?
ckESpfawmifhvnf;? usdK;vdr®nf?? vlvnf;av;pk? uJGvdr®nf?? BuD;ol0rf;acgif;? i,folatmif;?

( 339 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
waMumif;xkdwGif? csrf;omtifudk? jrifvdr®nf[k? ajymvDaomcg? aMumufonftm;ESifh?
BuD;ol&Smau? a&mif;&if0rf;odkU? 0ifzdkUtrSef? MuHygonf[k? qkdvwåH/

xkdokdUqkdcg? ,mukdpkd;eif;? ,mykdifrif;u? zm;jyKwrf kdufudk? ac:&rnf[k? pDvwåH/ pDvDaomcg?

zm;jyKwfxHokdU? wrefxkdcg vm;vwåH/ wrefa&mufvpf? zm;jyKwfrkdufu? xkdukda,mifa,mif?
a'a,mif,mifESifh? eDvwåH/ xyfcgxyfcg? ac:rsm;vmí? reDomau? ckefumpkdufpkduf?
vkdufívnf;vm? &SdrSma&mufí? ppfrD;ygau? rm,my&d,m,f? vGefqef;Mu,fí?
&,fbG,fp&m? jyKonfrSmum;? NcDvufajymif;jyef? rsufqHoDokwf? zm;jyKwfaurSm?
vQmukdxkwfvkdU? oD½kyfysifum? tjzmjzmESifh? rm,my&d,m,f? nmPfqef;Mu,fpGm?
jyvDaomcg? ,mBuD;ocif? pyg;oQifu? tjrifuwfau? zm;jyKwfauudk? vdrfvnfajymrI?
ausmufESifhxk[k? yD;onfhtmPm? vufr&GefU½kdU? xkjyefygau? ausmufESifhxk,ifh?
zm;jyKwfaurSm? aMumwuf,ifhvnf;? wufvwåH/

xkdonftcg? yg;pcHwGif;? zm;jyKwfaurSm? oDG;zsif;zsif;ESifh? ckefumckefum? vm;vDygau?

vrf;rSmwGdjim;? vltrsm;u? taqGzm;jyKwf? eDvGef;vSyg? Zmuvm[k? rD;cgumv?
olBuD;NrDwkdif;? aus;ukdif;&Gmpm;? tdrfokdUvm;í? uGrf;pm;&onf? tdkrdwfaqG[k?
zm;jyKwfauuqkdvwåH/

(þwGif zm;jyKwfau0w¬KqHk;ygvD\)

a';0ef;atmifausmf&TD\udk,fwGd&cdkifjynfodrf;wdkufyJGrSwfwrf;
(yif;0g? ajrmufOD;odrf;wdkufyJG)

aZ,sEÅK/ / aAm"drnf&? rkeE´onfavmuoQif? aomif;&yfcGifþvlUNrD? yGifhvmbdonf?

rkedorÁKa'\? oD'g0,foJvHk;&Sd? a'G;yg'awmf? pHkESpfazmfudk? uRefomvufOD;yD;í? aMumif;OD;
avQmufwifygrnf? aomif;ZrÁL0,f? oQifvla&Tem;wnfavmh/ rdpädrnfaemuf&yfom?
tE´d,wdkif;jynfronf? xufrSmewfbHkomodkU? jrpf**FgoDwmvnf;? ork'´&m?
av;rsufESmonf? ywfum0ef;vQufeD\/ bdvyfjynfNrdKUp~uúm? tdrf&mpDonf?
yqmrif;wHkaomfum;? xufa'0g[efrjym;? av;a,mufarmifyif? a0[efoQifonf?
bHkcGifrdkCf;oMum;odkU? oQifrif;rsm;xHawmf0,f? w&mhwpif;? xD;aqmif;rif;½dkU?
r<uif;c½dkaovQuf? b@maiGcefUZem? tzl;vufaqmif? rsm;ajrmifqufoGif;yg\?
rif;jrwfpGmtPmESifh? ukvDuwåm? a&TNrdKUawmf0,f? aAmfa&mfvmowfuvnf;?
EIwfoHjrtrdefUawmf? igpdk;tkyfonf? t&Sdawmifzuf0,f? ac:wGifumppfwaumif;?
NrdKU0eft&m? cefUtyfygonf? 0gaemfoyfzavmif;½dkU? vQifaMumif;pDvTwfcg? 0gaemfoyfvnf;?
rif;jrwf\tmPmESifh? csD<uvSmwHkayjim;? qdkufa&mufygaomf? NrdKUrSmrl;rwfrsm;ESifh?

( 340 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rsdK;av;yg;olwum? rdr®a,mufsm;? wdkif;jynfom;rSm? rdba&mufjyefvmodkU? tkyfcsKyfum
pD&ifjim;? r&rmonf? bmompyfwjcm;ESifh? vdr®jim;wwfyGefol? trD;ykpäm? jyóemudk?
usDatmifajzrnfhvl[k? awG;q,l&Smaomtcg? yGifhopfyef;oGif? arhxdyfwifonf?
ocifudkawG;ajrmf\/ ac:wGifumvltrsm;? aomfwvDrnf? atmifausmf&TDonf?
ouf0Darhxdyfxm;udk? ajrmfjrifjim;vlwum? &ifürGD;onf? om;BuD;[efyrmodkU? NrdKU0efom
a0gaemfowf? arhcspfarmifudk? pdwfwGifavmbuyfvQuf? rjywfighxHrSm? wdkif;jynfudpö?
[lorQonf? wckrusefygatmif? aqmif&GufumeD&rnf? pm;p&dyfrSm? wvaiGESpfq,fudk?
rjywfpDyD;rnfom? tmPmcsonf? &Sduawmif;qkygí? ouú&mZfrSmaxmifjzpf?
w&moQpfq,f? pGef;0,fESpfckESpf0,f? tcspfarhocif? ppfwaumif;onf? zavmif;rif;
&ifjyifü? wdkif;jynfwGifrIudpö? ay:xGuf&mudk? NzDazsmfrdk;rpu? ,if;rSmeDol½dkUrSm? &Dcrdk;udk?
csrf;csrf;zufeDygodkU? aysmfyg;umtoG,foG,f? csrf;Nidrf;vSonf? xufrewfbHkjynfodkU?
&TifprÜg,feDMuí? arhcspfarmifudk? ewfvloxm\av;/

ewfvloxm? eDvQif;ygonf,if;cgwGif? axmifausmfvQifouú&mZf? w&m;oQpfq,f?

pGef;0,fig;ckESpf0,f? ac:wGifvdkufoQifrjzL? xdkuRef;i,frSm? apmifheD&Jrufvludk?
atmufom;rloQrf;½dkUom? qdwfzmtdyfudk? ac:íowfjzwfvmvQuf? tydkifomcHvdkjim;?
&efp&Smonf? ,if;rSmoQrf;atmufom½dkU? jyKusifhjim;xdkjcif;&m? (quf) vmowfrif;\?
r,Gif;a&Tem;awmf0,f? Mum;vDaomxdkcgü? uwfwifac:rSwf? ab;umowfESifh? 0Dowfudk
pDvTwfum? vGwfvGwfxGufcsD<uvm? ppfwaumif;rSm? vQifjyif;a&mufwHkygu?
&cdkifrSmrl;rwfom;? atmifausmf&TDxGD;? aomfwvDonf? jynfqDrI&D;rsm;udk? oduRrf;jim;
aqmif&Gufol? 0gaemfowfonf? vGwfvGwfyD;tyfwHku? ume,frSmokydvkif? AJ;umowfESifh?
0dowfuwfwifvnf;? 0rf;om&Tiftm;BuD;&? r,fhcspfarmifudk? ,laqmifcsD<uvm;vQuf?
umowfujyKpk&m? zavmif;csdwfrSm? vQifapma&mufvDygu? AJ;uwfomvlolrsm;?
waxmifausmfudk? xdkcgpkaqmif;Mum;vQuf? ac:,lvm;csDvDcg? oQifrjzLESifh?
iwfarmfqdkufa&mufygu? wyfawmifwmpJGudkifjim;? r,fhoufoQifonf? ,if;wGif
jcaoFhvm;odkU? waomaomeDMucg? wvdkif;atmufom;? oQrf;trsm;onf? NyD;vm;jcHKxJrSmü?
ykef;a,SmifumeDvDjim;? wkrNydKifbJ? ½dkif½dkifaemufqkwfvm;í? oQifrif;zsm;vmvwfrnf?
NrdKU0ef[lrSwf? a0:aemfowfudk? vGwfvyfac:wGifayvQuf? udk,fhwdkif;jynftxJrSm?
vdr®maomfu? wwfpGrf;vSonf? &Sduavmif;ra[mfodkU? &JpGrf;&mAE¨Kv? wlaomolonf?
jynfwGifrI;rwfuvnf;? ac:wGifMuvlwum? &myodefowf? wkvGwfzufrJhomwnf;?
trwfawmfcsDvm;vD? &ef[d&mudk? pifatmif xdk;xGif;vDavmh? &cdkifjynfw½dk;rSm?
oQrf;atmufom;onf? usm;&J[efyrmodkU? pJGvef;umrTDaESmufpm;? vlUrdpämudk?
yg,fcGmESifxkwfjim;í? tif;0pm;oQifbk&if? vuf0ifydkifxm;? wdkif;jynfrsm;udk?
odrf;jim;,lcJhusifvQuf? ighxHwGifquf&rnf? csawmfjyKí? ,if;upDcefUayonf?
wdkif;jynf&cdkifodkUav;/

( 341 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&cdkifwdkif;jynf? csDvm;rnftrSefom? aZmfaeac:[&DoQdefAdkvfcsKyfBuD;rSm? &Jrufawmfudk?
nDpGmpk½Hk;NyD;rS? tajrmufusDAHk;pMum? rD;usnfwef;udk? vQifjrefaqmifcJhygí?
ighaemufawmfvdkuf&rnf? &myodrfowf? rif;jrwfEIwfawmf0,fESifh? csac:aywHkaomcg?
av;yg;ppftif? rGef;zsifjynfhrQygvQuf? csD<uvmwaomaom? ppfwaumif;rSm?
vQifaMumif;a&mufvmjim;u? Adkvfvlrsm;xm;cJhyg? &myodrfowf? rif;jrwfcsD<uvmvQuf?
iwfjrpfarmfoQifrjzL? uRef;wGifwnfjim;? wyftHkrsm;udk? rif;zsm;½Iawmfrlí?
pHaysmfwHkeDaomcg? atmufom;wref? em;cHarmifvHk;vmvQuf? pum;omjyefwwfjim;?
toemvDu'D xdkukvm;ESifh? atmufom;rsm;vmíom? onfwcgudk? uRefawmfwdkU
rdkufyg\? apmifh&meDol½dkUudk? owfjzwf&m0,f? csrf;omyD;cqdkvQuf? wyfawmfudkEIwfygvD?
oQifrjzLudk? uRefawmfwdkUydkifonf[k? cg&H0,fwqdkufom? jrefrmrsdK;onf?
ul;írvm;ygwnf;/ trSm;omcHwHkjim;? avQmufjcif;&mudk? ocifem;awmfMum;u?
xifrSwfjim;u,faumif;om? &myodrfowf? rif;jrwfa&TEIwf0gESifh? wyfawmifwmtvHk;udk?
EIwfodrf;,lí? vG,fumcsDwufqdku? aumifavmifAdkvfolyDvkif? AdkvfvHk;om;onf?
aomaomjyefwufusifí? yif;0gcGifzavmif;csdwf? a&mufMuvSmonf? urÇmNrDvHk;xdefUrQ?
pk½Hk;NyD;eDMucg? (quf) &cdkifom;onf? wjcm;Zmwfbmomudk? ol&JawmfoGif;&rnf?
yGifhopfyef;oGif? r,fhoufoQifudk? ,if;wGifqifhqdkayvQuf? uwfwif0,fydef;aumfowf?
ESpfa,mufpHkonf? wdkifyifpkaqmif;Muyfí? cefUtyfbd xm;íay? &myodrfowf?
rif;jrwfwufvm;vD\/ &cdkifjynfvl½dkUudk? r,fhocifonf? ,if;wGifajyma[mqdkvQuf?
ukvm;vdkpzmtdyf? ig;&mausmfudk? xdkcgpkaqmif;yD;u? (----)? aoewfjcif;udk?
r<uif;rusefygatmif? jyoumoifíay? uwfwifac:rSwf? ydef;aumowfvnf;?
vSnfhywfuZmwfeDonf? &yfNrDyif;0guav;/

&yfNrDyif;0g? uZmwfygíeDcgvQif? &cdkifwGifapmifheDjim;? twGif;0efonf? {uef

oQrf;atmufom;um;? i,femrarmifpHom? tcGef0efonf? iatmifrmefcygESifh?
&cdkifrSm0efjyKol? armifpHaysmfvnf;? onfcgaumif;rnf[l\/ em;cHawmfarmifvHk;ac:?
pGef;vGef;AdkvfESifh? em;cHxm;vDownf;/ pm&GD;awmfi0dkufau? wvdkif;atmufom;?
oQrf;ukvm;½dkU? trsm;pkaqmif;ayvQuf? yif;0gNrDt&yfrSm? wdkufcdkuf&aomf? igwdkUEdkif&ygtHh?
t&SdrSmoQifbk&if? Mum;vDjim;aomf? olaumif;jyKrnfxif\/ wdkifyifusifajyma[mjim;?
aemufrjrifonf? vlyifoQrf;atmufom;½dkU? trSm;rSm;ol,kwfrSm? Adkvfwyfrsm;ESifh?
<uvm;csDívmu? yk&def&Gmukvm;ay? AdkvfijzLvnf;? onfcg&ygrnf[k? uRef;tkyf0,f
&cdkifom;? iNyDBuD;vnf;? avmbpdwf[dygrsm;í? trf;pm;om;omausmfa0? a&TaiG'F*g;?
uRJEGm;uRef&rnf[k? rSwfíayoHk;a,mufom;? csdwfcsdwf&,fu? ,if;cg0rf;BuD;omí?
uckefumNyD;íay? atmufom;aemufodkU? uyfvQufvdkufvwfownf;/ ykef;vQdK;axG
vmvwfajrmuf? a0vmawmifrSm? rSefpGmwyf&yfa&mufu? yg,fvGefajrmufvm;Mucg?
½kwÅemonf? yv’ifwyfOD;rSmü? apmifheD&mvkwÅifowf? uwÅifi,fudk? ,if;wGif
wdkufcGwfjzwfu? nOfhvwfoef;acgifrSm? bufrrQí? qkwfvQufvmMuyg\/
yif;0grSmydef;aumowf? wyf[d&mrSm? aygif;umeDvQif;Muyfu? atmufom;oGwfwvdkif;rSm?

( 342 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uwfwifac:rSwf? ydef;aumowfudk? vdkufíwdkufjyefvmvQuf? (------)? [d&m&mudk?
azG&Smzrf;qD;xm;í? owfjzwfjim;tvDvD? rD;xif;wdkufavmif? ukefatmifnufnufrTD\/
yif;0gNrDZ&yfwGif? &mZmzufrSm? wyfrpJGvkyfusifvQuf? eDcgvQifwHkuay? [mvbif;yif;0g?
pkuú&mESifh? iwfarmft&yfNrDü? [dygonfvlolrsm;? csif;ESifhu,if? NrHKvQif'dkif;eufpom;?
ESrf;a&G;om;cGifhryD;ay? vif;uJaygif;pHk? oufrloQrf;pkonfwnf;? awmifNrdKi,ft½dkif;rsm;?
ukvm;r&rm? NyD;ívmonf? udk,fhrSmom;r,m;ESifh? waomaomvmMu&m?
ppfwaumif;onf? zavmif;rif;eD&modkU? a&mufMuvmwHkNyD;rS? csrf;Nidrf;om,m?
[dMuygonf? xdkcgwJtHkcsí? qdkif;aomfeDMucg0,f? 0efwifuRJESifh? wdkufuRJ
awmif;vwfygu? pkaqmif;um&SmvQufay? vdkonfh0efudk? ,if;rSmyD;qufonfwnf;/
pH&SDazGuRef;tkyfum;? zavmif;aoQom? usDpdk;t&mpm;í? iS0Djim;yD;vQufyif?
0efwifvSnf;udk? tkyfcsKyfípD&if\/ AdkvfcsKyfvQif rm&oQdef? 0rf;BuD;omí?
,if;cgcsDrTrf;yD;vQuf? &ifürGD;om;yrm? vHk;vSyGwfwef? r,fhoufESHudk? trSefcspfESpfyg\/
(tqufjywf)

&myodrfowf? rif;jrwfEIwfa&TpmESifh? &cdkifrSmrI;rwfum;? atmifausmf&TDxGD;? aomfwvDonf?

ighqDa&mufpaD om[k? ac:,ljim;vDaomcg? yGifhopfyef;oGif? r,fhoufoQifonf?
ocifa&mufvDygu? 0rf;yef;omtm;BuD;&? &ifürGD;onf? om;BuD;yifruwnf;/
cspfjrwfvSqdkvQufay? ckESpfqufonf? aumif;rI[dzl;vDí? wGdMuHKonfrSefwnfhwnfh?
yGifhavmif;vQmonf? ocifbkef;aMumifhwnf;av;/

bkef;aMumif{uef? wGdMuHKjyefonftrSefom? rif;jrwfpGmEIwfawmfu? ukrÇPDonf?

toQif&D;udpö\? vdkorQtukefay? BudK;pm;aqmifMuHvQuf? rSefrSefxrf;&Gufayu?
&ckdifjynf&umv? pdwf[d&mudk? xdkcgMuHawG;qvQuf? vdkorQtukefay? igrpí?
olaumif;jyKcrnf[k? [>rufaxGqdkaomcg? arhocifonf? ,if;wGif0rf;BuD;omvQuf?
aemufudkomarQmfaxmufxm;? tcar;em? olum;aiGwjym;rQ? rpm;r,lyg? vdko&dudk?
xrf;ydk;&Gufaqmifygí? t&SdrSm&efikrf0,f? ig;&mvludk? vQifvQifvTwfcsifonf[k?
[>rufaxGqdkvwfcg? aumif;&mvludk? vG,ful&GD;cs,fygvQuf? ig;&mom&cdkifom;?
arhoufoQifonf? ,if;wGifyD;wHkjim;u? vSDoabFmESpfpif;rSm? wif,laqmifí?
vQifatmifvm;vDyg\? ynmac:vrf;xGifom;? ig;&mvludk? vG,fulawmif;vwfjim;vnf;?
&cdkifom;vlig;&m? azmifom&SDudk? tBuD;cefUtyfygí? £oQDumumwifowf? £&mZDudk?
tuRefvufwnfhtyfu? vGefcspfjrwf0rf;BuD;om? &cdkifom;onf? ab;uyf
ig;axmifausmfESifh? ol&Jawmf½dkUpD;eif;&ef? vSDrsm;tm;vHk;pGmudk? pkaqmif;um &Smíay?
yGifhopfyef;[ef? arhoufESHonf? vQifjrefyD;tyfonfwnfh/ &cdkifjynfvm;zl;ol?
ukef;aMumif;vrf;ESifh? &DaMumif;vrf;ESpfyg;pHkud?k jyEdkifolyD;&rnf? &cdkifjynfjcif;? eDyHkcif;í?
vQifjyif;ckjyayavmh? [>rufaxGqdkvwfcg? eDyHkcif;í? csufcsif;jyoygvQuf? vrf;odrSm
xGef;ay:a0? zoufESHESifh? csD;cHowdk;a0udk? ac:,laxGwHkNyD;cg? uwfwif[lrSwf?
a'gifa&mifarmfowfudk? vGwfvGwfyD;tyfygu? 0rf;BuD;om tm;yg;&? oQifrif;BuD;udk?

( 343 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
,if;wGifcsDrTrf;Mu\? ckNyD;rSigvm;rnf? &JAdkvfygvnf;? rMumckpHkpD[k? [>rufxGDqdkaomcg?
odef;oef;uk#D? AdkvfNcDtrsm;vmvQuf? NcD&if;wGifpk½kH;í? rsm;Adkvfygonf?
rMuma&mufvm\av;/

a&mufí{uef? csDwufjyefrnftrSefom? rif;jrwfpGmEIwfawmfu? a&mifZaemifudk?

,if;wGiftPmcsí? oabFmESifhvSD½dkUrSm? ol&JysHonf? trSef&Jrufawmfvnf;?
*k&mompD;&rnf? ajymif;BuD;Z0g? AHk;pMumudk? ,if;rSmwif,layavmh? ukef;aMumif;0,f
wpvm;? &xm;jrif;qif? vSnf;iif0efwdkufEGm;ESifh? &Jrufrsm; axmifaomif;udk?
&cdkifAdkvfrSwf? a';oQdefowfonf? rjywfwyfOD;csDavmh? aemuf&yfNrDol&Jazmf? pygtdwfonf?
[dE´Kwfom;eDomwnf;/ (------)? jrif;pD;rSm armif;*Gwfu? rD;usnfwefac:?
vufeufawmfudk? vQifpGm,laqmifcavmh? aoeyfESifhvSJurH? vufeufrsm;udk? yD;tyfESHí?
BuD;pnfoHaAmrIwfum? c&mxGufonf? wdrfxGwfxuftmumrS? wD;rIwfvSm[efrjym;?
aomif;ZrÁL0,f? xdefUqlausmfESHUMum;rQ? waomaomcsDMucg? &myodefowf? rif;jrwf\
aemufawmf0,f? yGifhavmif;vQmr,fhMuifp? uyfíygonf? qH`rTmr,Gif;cGwnf;/
rI;rwfum;txJrSm? zJGU'gBuD;onf? taomif;t'lvmESifh? ta[m'grmw'def? tpD&ifaxG?
wdk;atmif<u,fonf? tu,fygvQif;vD\? wdkif;&yfNrD&cdkifrSm? 'g;ydkifBuD;onf?
&Sdutrwfawmf\? &ifwGif;arQmfusL;ízGm;? xdefUxdefUqlonf? ZrÁLuRef;vHk;Mum;\?
om;BuD;um;trf;pm;om? r,fhoufoQifvnf;? ,if;cgaemufwGifygvQuf? ac:wGifum
wdrfMum;Adkvf? rmvHkowfonf? &DaMumif;csDvDqdku? aemufawmfudkygvDjim;?
odef;oef;AdkvfNcD? toFcsDonf? NrD0,frGef;rQvm;\? csDwufjim;vDMucg? ppfwaumif;onf?
jrpfrudkul;ygvQuf? wufvDaomfvuf0Jem;? abmif;'Gwfawmifudk? yg,fa,SmifvGefcJhvm;u?
vuf,mem;jyifBuD;om? azmufusDpsD;udk? vGefívm;vDygvQuf? uef&SnfrSmqdkufrem;?
[mvbif;ac:? pkuú&mudk? vQifpGmcsDwufvm;vnf;? &Duif;em;qnfBuD;om? ywÅvDudk?
xdkcgqdkufa&mufygí? yif;0g&Gmra&mufcif? &cdkif0efom? armifpHaysmfonf? ,if;rSm
Mum;vDusif\? om;armifyifi0dkufau? ig½dkUoufonf? tckoD&rnf[k? zuf,yif;idkMucg?
twGif;0efonf? rSefrSefMum;vDygí? aMumuf0SefumwkefvIyfjim;? rdk;OD;cgonf?
zm;aomfjrnfaomvm;odkU? waomaomidkvQufom? wyfvHk;om;onf? xGufvm;NyD;vDygu?
zrf;qD;um&Smr&? wppfatmifonf? ½dkUoQifbkef;aMumifhESifhwnf;/ csDwuf<uvdkufvDcg?
zavmif;csdwfrSm? ,ifpGma&mufwHkygvnf;? awmifudkom arQmifumvm;? &Jpkacsmif;vGef?
csDwufjyefaomf? trSefrwefUrem;wnf;/ yef;armfum; vuf0Jom? oif;aygif;acsmif;udk?
yg,fívGefcJhygvQuf? jrif;rsufESmawmiftem;? vm;vDygaomf? iwfarmfqdkufa&mufjim;u?
&Jrufrsm;odef;Adkvfyg? anmif;nmNzDvQuf? qdkif;iHheD&ygonf? armifawmwyfrSmwnf;av;/

armifawmwyfrSm? qdkufa&mufygonf,if;cgwGif? OmPvQifNrdKUpm&GD;? vuf0JzufrSm?

wyfrawmfudk? NzdKumxGufíNyD;vQuf? aMumuf0SefBuD;wkefvIyfum? atmufom;ysufonf?
vQdKU0SufeDvDygu? ,if;aomcg½dkUocif? taemufi,fudk? vuf0,fodrf;,lusifí?
tpvQifyXr? aESmif;azmf&TDudk? uRef;tkyfcefUyD;cvQuf? csDwuf<uvm;Mucg? tv,fonm?

( 344 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ukvm;&GmrSm? vQifpGma&mufvDygu? ,if;wGifomqdkufrem;? ausmufyef;pG,fudk?
vuf,myg,fa,Smifxm;vQuf? waomaomcsDMucg? jynfxdyfrSwfonf? r,lewfBuD;armfodkU?
qdkufa&mufcgwHkNyD;rS? rsm;Adkvfygonf? ,if;wGifwyfBuD;csí? wefU&yfMueDaomcg? (-------)?
oifh&mom;ESifh? rdr®om;oli,frsm;? Oyrmonf? om;vifa&mufvmjim;odkU?
&Tifaysmfyg;0rf;BuD;om? (quf) tzl;vufaqmif? rsm;ajrmifydkUqufvSm\? csDwufum
waomaom? OD;&mZfawmifonf? oQifyif"gwfa&mufjim;u? txGwfzsm;apwDrSm?
wif;cGefukuúm;? rkav;yGm;udk? vQifjim;ylaZmfygvQuf? vm;vDuwHkcgay? ukvm;yHk;udk?
vuf0Jxm;cJhonfwnfh/ qifcH0,fqdkufa&mufu? ½dkUocifonf? ,if;wGifwyfOD;csvQuf?
ukvm;uta[m'g? rmw'defudk? pmESifpDvTwfyg\? acsmif;zvmwyfxJ0,f?
wvdkif;atmufom;? oQrf;trsm;udk? vQifvQm;xGufvm;ap[k? MuHumayeDaomcg?
eif½dkUrsm;onf? usif;usif;tukefpGmudk? &Jrufawmf*l&mu? owfjzwfrnf[k? tu,f
wnfhwnfhajymí? ckvQifvQm;wkwfaESmifrnf? wrefvTwfvQuf? ac:AwfajymwHkayvnf;?
em;rvnfatmufom;rSm? aumif;rnfxifAsm? ,if;wGifwGif;wl;ygvQuf? <uuf[efom
eDwHkjim;? pma&;BuD;onf? i0dkufauESifh? em;cHarmifvHk;rsm;½dkU? trSm;rSm;eDMucg?
½dkUocifonf? ,if;wGifrmefBuD;ygí? a*:rDawmfarmfowfESifh? armaZmfuwfwif?
aomufowfvQifvnf;? ckyifcsDvm;Mu[k? EIwfoHjrcscg0,f? &DAdkvfcsKyfonf?
vQifapmcsDwufvDí? wdkufMuNyD;wHkaomcg? oQrf;atmufom;onf? NyD;jim;rvGwfygwnf;/
em;cHawmfarmifvHk;rSm? vuf0g;aygufvQuf? ykef;a&SmufxGufNyD;vD\? i0dkufaupm&GD;rl?
atmufom;rsm;onf? oJzsm;<uDvIyfwkefrQ? tiwfrIrppfom? vif;uJtoGif? awmxJ0ifí?
,if;wGifNyD;vDygu? acsmif;zvmwyfBuD;udk? bkef;awmftm;ESifh? vQifvQm;wdkufcdkufNzdKonf?
NidK;odkpum;aMumifhav;/

NidK;odkrSefpGm? wdkufMuygonf,if;cgwGif? tkef;wyifwyfrrSm? rdk;aumif;AdkvfESifh?

iacs;Mum;vDygu? aMumuf0SefumwHkvIyfjim;? wyfvHk;olonf? aqmif;wGifcsKyfxm;ig;odkU?
oDrdarmtoG,foG,f? aMumuf0SefBuD;í? xGufNyD;MuvD\/ csDwufay½dkUocif?
uRJjcHawmifrSm? vQifpGmqdkufa&mufusifu? rsm;vloQif&Jrufawmf? uRJEGm;
awmif;vwfygonf? yGifhavmif;vsmr,fhocifh? &cdkifjynf0,f? [donfvlrGef;zsifudk?
pkvHk;usifac:aomcg? ovGefawmifudk? pD&iftkyfxdef;ygvQuf? uRef;tkyfomia&SmufazG?
awmifzufuRef;udk? xdrf;odrf;pD&ifayí? azmf&SDonfuRef;tkyfum;? 0rf;BuD;omí?
vQifpGma&mufvmjim;wnfh/ rlZJuuRef;tkyfom? iaMumifNydef;awm? vQifapm
a&mufMuvmvQuf? ppfawGrSmaumif;pH&TD? awmif&if;uRef;eD? ay:xGef;0DESifh?
jyaoQ0if;uRef;eD\? jym;uRef;qDtoufESH? usdef;&SdaemufrSm? uRef;tkyfarmifomMuHvQif?
vmMujyefwHkaomcg? jynfvHk;om;onf? aomaom½k½kqmí? qdkufa&mufvmwHkayu?
r,fhcspfarmifonf? ,if;wGiftm;BuD;&\? vdkorQuRJEGm;ay? qef&Dpyg;?
qDysm;axmywfrsm;udk? ,laqmifvmqufyD;cg? csDMu&mwaomaom? yg;awmfawmifrSm?
vQifpGmqdkufa&mufjim;u? awmifxdyfzsm;txufrSm? atmufom;rsm;udk?
vGwfvyfarQmfcDygu? &cdkifom;pzmtdyf? wyfrif;jrazmf? okAwmESifh? *l&mESpfyg;? zdvQuf

( 345 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wdkufowfNyD;wHkvDcg? ykcef;Adkvfonf? aersdK;ol&defomwnf;? ruú&mNrdKUolBuD;?
rsufpdajymif;jyef? xdyfqHtoufNyD;vQuf? [pfaMumfuRD;jrnfíom? pdkufpdkufrwfrwf?
wef;vQufNyD;vDygonf? udk,fh&Gma&mufatmifwnfhav;/

a&mufatmifudk,fh&Gm? ruú&modkUNyD;cgwGif? csDwufusifvdkufvDcg? ZD;ZmjyifrSm?

vQifpGmqdkufa&mufygu? xdkzufrSmr[mxD;? ig;&aumufac:? acsmif;em;armf0,f?
[donfwyfrBuD;udk? jrifuwfNyD;wHkaomcg? AdkvfcsKyfrif;onf? vQifjyif;csDvm;ygí?
ol&Jawmf*l&mrsm;? awmif;avmifusDudk? tnDpdkifoifhxm;vQuf? vuf,mem;jrif;pD;om?
[dE´KwfomeD? eDonfvuf0JrSmwnf;/ &cdkifomwyfOD;u? BuD;pnfwD;um? aAmrIwfygonf?
oH0gNcdrf;armif;jimvQuf? csDvm;MuwdkufvDcg? r[mxD;rSm? wyfrsm;ukefatmifpGmudk?
NzdKzsufumvTifhvDu? aZwAdkvfonf? MuH&m&Smr&wnf;/ ykcef;uAdkvfrif;om? ol&JBuD;rl?
wyfvHkpdk;tkyfygvQuf? idkMu&mwaomaom? usm;udkjrifaomf? orifNrdKifacsmifawmu?
aMumuf0Sefjim;wkefvIyfum? atmufom;rsm;onf? rjym;,if;yrmodkU? xGufvm;um
toG,foG,f? awmawmifOD;zsm;? NyD;jim;ykef;a,SmifvD\/ csD<uNyD;vm;vDcg?
aygif;wkwfjyifrSm? ocifqdkufa&mufygu? qdkif;&yfumAdkvfvlrsm;? wyfawmifwmudk?
xdkcgMunfh½Ijim;u? NrdKUtem;awmif½dkUrSm? atmufom;rsm;onf? rnf;rnf;jyKwfjyKwf
qmvQuf? uGef;pD;ac:aygif;00,f? &cdkif0efom? armifpHaysmfESifh? em;cHiuRwfauwnf;/
i0dkufaupm&GD;awmf? NrdKUolBuD;um;? BuD;MuyftkyfjyKyg\/ yef;'av0efa[mif;om?
aygif;umpkí? aomaom½k½kqmvQuf? wyfpJG&mNrDuwkwf? awmifxdyfxufwGif?
awmarsmufoGifodkU? aygifvQifrJykwfykwfESifh? qpäD½kyfaMumuf&GHUzG,f? tom;rnf;rnf;?
oGm;MuJMuJonf? a*gif;vnf;pkwfcRef;oG,fwnf;/ cGwfowfrnf t[efa,mif? pm&GD;BuD;axG?
i0dkufauvnf;? vufckyfwazmifazmifESifh? ykPÖm;awmiftxdyfrSm? ac:wGifMuonf?
nmPatmufom;aomfum;? wyfESifhompD;íay? vDomawmifonf? jrifhacgiftxdyf0,fü?
AdkvfvkyfonfhNrdKUtkyfom? armifAsJ[ljim;? oQrf;atmufom;ESifh? iyGifhwyf[dygvQuf?
uckefumwaomaom? owfrnfa,mifonf? [efaqmifwum;um;ESifh? AdkvfcsKyfum;
twGif;0ef? iarmifponf? aemufuykef;eDjyef\/ aMumufjcif;[efjyifrxkwf? 0oJzufrSm?
ykef;a,Smifygí? xdkcgOyg,fjyKvQuf? ppfrIpD&if? aMumuf[efBuD;í? aMumif;vrf;
ckwfxGifjyef\/ iausmfZHrkwfqdwf&Snf? jynfvHk;om;udk? rTDvQuf*kH;wdkufonfum;?
owf&rnf&cdkifudk? edrysufom? wdk;wdk;csyfcsyfqdkvQuf? rQufESmvdkcHíay? NrdKU0if;xJwGif?
ykef;vQuf0ifumeDonf? rSefrSefNyD;vdkíav;/

NyD;rnf{uef? eDMujyefonftrSefom? ,if;aomcg½dkUocif? &myodefowf?

rif;jrwfEIwfa&TpifESifh? awmifxdyfwGifwyfrsm;udk? cPcsif;ESifh? vQifapmwdkufMuqdkvQuf?
tmPmudkyD;aomcg? aZmfaemf[lNyD? rm&doQdefonf? Ncdrf;rJwdkufarmif;aMumfí?
0rf;BuD;omtm;BuD;&? &Jrufawmfudk? pdkifumtoifhcsvQuf? wD;rIwfMutoG,foG,f?
ykvDapmif;n§if;? BuD;eif;pnfykwfauESifh? c&monfESJoHaumuf? pnfBuD;wD;um?
aAmrIwfygonf? jynf&GmxdefUvefUacsmufrQ? wa,mufwppD? atmufom;wyfudk?

( 346 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
eif;íwdkufowfvD\/ vufeuf0,fAHk;pMum? wcsufypfaomf? xGwfzsm;xuftmPmodkU?
wufvDygwHkNyD;rS? oufvwfygonf? tmumrdk;aygufusodkU? qifjrif;uvlolrSm? rSefo&dudk?
xHk;yHk\[efyrmodkU? <uGDrGumoDqHk;aysmuf? rD;usnfwefonf? trSefxdkvufeufudk?
wcsufvTwfaomcg? wdrfudkcJGí? 0JvQufwufvDyg\/ xuftmumrdk;BudK;oH? oufvSmusí?
rTDvQufowfjcif;[efum;? ckefvTm;ysH0Jumum? acsmufajrmifawmifMum;? ykef;vQdK;jim;vnf;?
NyD;vm;rvGwfygwnf;/ oHk;&ufom0D0if;0if;? wdkufMuygonf? awmawmifNrDvHk;vif;rQ?
wdkifyifjim;wenf;rSm? vDomawmifudk? OD;atmifeif;Muyg[k? csvwfcgwHkayu?
aZmfaemfac:rSwf? ZD&Dowfom? vGwfvGwfcsDvQif;ygvQuf? *l&monf&SdOD;wyf?
awmifavmifusdvnf;? ,if;cgaemufxyfuyfí? nOfhwvyfoef;acgifwGif? vDomawmifudk?
vQifatmifwufwdkufusifu? rsufawmifyifrcwfrSD? NrdKUtkyfac:axG? iarmifaAsonf?
vG,fvG,fNyD;vm;vD\/ ykPÖm;qDawmifxdyfrSm? ac:wGifMuonf? OmP
atmufom;aomfum;? aMumuf0SefumwkefvIyfjim;? NyD;vm;vDonf? tdrfrSmom;r,m;udk?
apmif;vSnfhjim;rMunfhcif? udk,fhtoufudk? vGwfaMumif;NyD;vDusif\/ uGef;pD;vQif
aygif;0rSm? wyfwGif[djim;? oQrf;atmufom;onf? aomaom½k½kqmvQuf? NyD;vDcgwHkuay?
armifpHaysmfESifh? em;cHiusufauwnf;/ i0dkufauarmif&Jom? av;a,mufpHkonf?
yl;wHkzufMuygvQuf? idkMu&mwoQKwfoQKwf? Muufodrf;0Sefonf? vdyfjym
xGufvkwfvkwfwnf;/ qpäDpkwfarsmuf&Dief? oli,fom;udk? zrf;pm;onfh[efodkU?
rsufqefomcjyL;jyL;? qHyifzm;&m;? 0rf;zm;zm;onf? NcDudkum;&m;jyKvQuf? zm;jyKwftoGif?
oQrf;atmufom;½dkU? NyD;jim;usifonf? aiGawmifayguf0uav;/

aiGawmifaygufu? NyD;vm;Muonf,if;rSom? AdkvfcsKyfac:wGif? 0efirifonf?

oJzsm;Muodrf;0Sefí? tMuHudk&Smr&? NyD;vm;Muonf? bDvl;rwef;cg;rSwnfh/
yef;psD;ajrmif;udkvGef? rdk;BudK;*sdKifudk? pdkifumvm;vDygvQuf? 0ufacsmif;omy,fvGefjim;?
wufvDygaomf? csif;&GmawmifNcDem;u? yke;f vQdK;jim;ukwf½Iwfum? AdkvfcsKyf{uef?
twGif;0efonf? trSefNyD;vDygu? &SmMu&mwaomaom? *sD'&,fonf?
qwfi,fudk,ftvm;odkU? vrf;pyfMum;jcHKxJrSm? NrdKUolBuD;udk? tvQifzrf;rdyg\?
ouú&mZfrSmwaxmifjzpf? w&mhoQpfq,f? pGef;0,foQpfckESpfu? wef;cl;\vqef;rSm?
q,fhav;&ufonf? aomufMumedwGifomwnf;/ wydk0fausmfeDxGuf0,f? &efcyfodrf;udk?
aysmufNidrf;atmifjrifayu? 0rf;omaxGtm;&usif? "n0wD? &cdkifjynfBuD;wGifü?
yk&defjyiftxJrSm? jroGifewfudk? yoylaZmfygvQuf? aumif;onfhcged&uf0,f? &JrufAdkvfyg?
vlwumudk? ,if;rmpk½Hk;pDí? &cdkifjynfNrdKUxJrSm? bmomavQmuf? ajymif;rD;aygufodkU?
ypfajrSmufylaZmfygvQuf? atmufom;omydkifumv? oQifbk&ifrSm? eef;oufazmfí?
a&T*lapwDr[k? ac:wGifxvlwum? wdkuf0efrif;onf? wnf&if;apwDawmfudk?
NzdKzsufumypfvQufay? ,if;awmifxdyfrSm? tdrfBuD;aqmufvkyfpD\? ½dkUjynf0,foQifrif;BuD;?
aumvd,&mZm? wnfvkyfygonf? oQifawmfr[mxD;udk? csdK;zJhNyD;vTifhypfum?
apmrGefwnfjyK? rif;Amvkyfonf? wHwdkif;NrdKU0if;awmfudk? NzdKzsufumypfíay?
odkufpmxGufudk? oQrf;atmufom;onf? vdkufvQif;jyKMuonfwnf;/ aemifcg0,fwHkNyD;rS?

( 347 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
r,fhoufoQifudk? ,if;wGiftmPmcsvQu?f *l&mESifhjrif;pD;om? pzmtdwfonf?
eDzdkUvdkif;tdrfawmfudk? aqmufvkyfumyD;&rnf? awmif;vwfygaomf? vGwfvyfcefUcJGayvQuf?
0g;oufauBudrfopfyif? AJuyfom;ESifh? vQifapmaqmufvkyfusif\/ &maxmifyiftdrfru?
vkyf&ygonf? ,if;cgwXmewnf;/ ac:wGifMuvlwum? &myodefowf?
rif;jrwfEIwfa&T0gESifh? [>rufumcsvwfonf? &rf;jynfhNrdKUESifh? oHwJGrmefatmif0,fü?
[deDonfhatmufom;udk? aZmfae[krSwf? r,fum&Dowfonf? vGwfvyfwdkufcDqdku?
uwfwifAdkvfaraZmfowf? oabFmpD;um? csDMuygonf? jrpfrSmpif;csif;pyfrQ?
vGwfvyfomcsDvm;í? rmefatmifNrdKUrSm? vQifapma&mufvD\av;/

a&mufMu{uef? wdkufMujyefonftrSefom? ,if;aomcgNrdKU0efum;? &Jpufauonf?

xdk0,foQrf;atmufom;vnf;? aMumuf0Sefjim;rMuHom? udk,fhr,m;udk?
vufzsm;qJGudkifusifvQuf? rsm;wumazmfr&? ESpfa,mufwnf;yif? awmxJ0ifí?
jcHKwGifykef;vQdK;MuvQuf? wcPeDaomcg? aZmfaemfac:rSwf? r,fum&Dowfonf?
0ef;ywfxm;vQif;yg\? zrf;qD;um,líay? ESpfa,mufpHkudk? vG,ful&vDonfwnfh/
oabFmwGifaqmifNyD;cg? ukvDuwÅm? a&TNrdKUawmfrSm? vQifpGmydkUvDyg\? &rf;jynfhrSm0efjyKol?
armif,Huvnf;? tu,fMum;vDwHku? armifAsJrltcGef0ef? ESpfa,mufvlonf?
wdkifyifjyKMujyef\? towfcHeD;aomcg? igwdkUoufonf? qHk;ysufrnfcE¨mwnf;/
ol½dkUomra&mufcif? NrdKUBuD;udkvTwfusifvQuf? xGufíNyD;MuusiftHh/ ajymwdkifyifjyKNyD;cg?
atmufom;rdkufonf? xGufvm;NyDvDyg\? oHwJGrSmwXme? NrdKUolBuD;[ef? iyef;pHudk?
vQifjrefcGwfxpfMu\/ NrdKU0efum;a&Tref;om? atmufom;rsm;onf? aomaom½k½kqmvQuf?
awmif½dk;ompD;íay? NyD;vm;jim;onf? t&SdEdkifiHjynfodkU? zrf;qD;azG&Smr&? oHk;NrdKUpHkudk?
vuf0,fodrf;½Hk;&\/ ydk;avmufrQwaumifyif? oQrf;atmufom;udk? aigufaiguf
axmifírjrifwnf;/ &cdkifwGifNrdKUBuD;rSm? &myodrfowf? rif;jrwfEIwfa&T0gESifh?
½dkUjynf&GmuRef;rsm;0,f? wefonfholudk? t&mcefUtyfrnf[k? [>rufaxGqdkNyD;cg?
toD;oD;onf? udkif;acsmif;uRef;rsm;pGmudk? uRef;tkyfomacsmif;pm;cefU? y&e0g?
xdkcgyD;qifhtyf\/ aemufwxyftrdefUawmf? &cdkifom;onf? trsm;NrdKUuRef;&Gmü?
[deDusifvl½dkUrSm? atmifausmf&TDxGD;? aomfwvDudk? EdIif;,SOfzufrJhomwnf;/ ighxHrSmjrJcpm;?
tusdK;awmfudk? NyD;atmifaqmif&Gufjim;\? yDuRef;ESifh,dk;uRef;ay? OD;&pfawmifvnf;?
,if;wGifygvDpDavmh/ yDacsmif;0,fav;NrdKUom? ,dk;acsmif;e,fvnf;? xdkcgxnfhvdkufygí?
uRef;tkyfomcefUíay? om;pdkifNrD;quf? rysufpm;&vDtHh? [>rufxGDqdkaomcg? zJG'g;BuD;onf?
vQifapm&GD;wHkygvQuf? y&e0gqyfBuD;cwf? ig;&Gufpmudk? xdkcgcsufcsif;tyfu?
r,fhoufrSwfyGifhavmif;vQm? uRef;acsmif;zsm;udk? odrf;jim;jyKpkygí? oifh&m&mtvHk;udk?
csrf;Nidrf;om,m? rpygonf? udk,fhrSmom;&if;vdkodkU? &SdjyKusdK;ukodkvfuH?
rdb&yfNrD&cdkifjynfrSm? vG,fvG,fa&mufvmjyefí? aysmfpHyg;waomaom? rGD;rdcifonf?
EdkUoQifacR;rrsm;udk? rjcm;qHwrQif? ESHonfoufudk? w&ufruGmcsifbJ? ETJaysmf&TifeDMu\?
&SdooFmonf? Mur®mbkef;aMumifhwnfhav;/

( 348 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
bkef;aMumif;{uef? eDMujyefonftrSeo f m? ,if;aomcg½dkUocif? &myodefowf?
rif;jrwfEIwfa&TpifESifh? [>rufusifajymvwfonf? &cdkifjynfwGif? ZifywÅifudk?
NrdKU0efcefUcrnfwnf;/ &rf;jynfh0,figvm;cg? zJGU'gBuD;vnf;? rjywfaemufawmfrSmü?
csDvm;&myg&rnf? atmifausmf&TDxGD;? aomfwvDonf? ighqDvdkuf&rnf[k?
[>rufaxGqdkNyD;cg? ywÅifowfudk? NrdKUwGifxm;cJhygí? rdk;Cf;yJGaomfaemufcg0,f?
ppfawGuRef;udk? NrdKUBuD;wnfvkyfvD[k? ajymqdkaxG,if;aemufrS? oabFmvSDwGif?
0efqefysifí? tvQifcsD<uu? arhcspfp,if;aomcg? reD&onf? rif;BuD;\tmPmaMumifh?
rGD;rnfawmfa&TEdkUoQif? tvQifrGD;onf? orD;vSyef;oGifESifh? om;OD;vQifxGef;atmifausmf?
xGef;yr,fudk? zcifatmufrdumESifh? aemufawmfvm;ygvD&m? vm;vQif;ygaomf?
xdkrS0Hbkd0ü? qdkufa&mufMuvDaomtcg? vDoif;"kef;onf? rkefwdkif;[efyrmodkU?
xvwf&mwHkayjim;? a&TEdkUoQifonf? rdcifacR;rrsm;udk? atmufrdjim;wumum?
wqwfqwfonf? rjywfvm;vDygí? &rf;jynfhomNrdKUom0,f? rsm;rMumonf? ,if;wGif
qdkufa&mufvDu? rmefatmif0,foHwJGrSm? [dorQonf? vlBuD;vli,faomfum;?
0rf;BuD;omtm;yg;&? vmMuygonf? oMuFefyJGruwnfh/ ½dkwkwfuGtoG,foG,f?
½dkUocifonf? toQifxHawmf0,fü? c,axGeDMucg? wefonfoludk? ,if;wGif&GD;pDygvQuf?
uRef;acsmif;rSmtoDoD;? olBuD;t&m? cefUtyfygonf? ,if;rSmqwfcyfNyD;vQif?
vGefcsrf;Nidrf;om,mpGm? av;NrdKUpHkudk? nDatmifjyKvQif;ygí? t&SdrSmtif;0jynf?
oQifbk&mifudk? igyifwdkufcsDrnf[k? aemufawmf0,fjrJruGm? atmifausmf&TDESifh?
zJG'gvdkuf&ygtHh? [>rufumqdkíay? oHk;yifwdkifonf? vSD,mOfoabFm0,fü?
vufeufaxGajymif;Z0g? aoeyfrsm;ESifh? cJ,rf;AHk;p~uúmudk? pHkatmifom,líay?
rdiHkowfonf? ,if;cgygvQif;vD\/ atoQdrfaomf&mowf? oQifbk&ifrSm?
jrwf&mpDcefUvTwfonf? aAwifwwfykPÖm;awmf? eH'&ifESifh? trSmawmf&GD;om;omwnf;?
em;cHrSmitkwfau? om;r,m;ESifh? r<uif;,lvDonfwnfh? csDwufrnfwHkaomtcg?
arhcspfponf? EGrf;vspdwfAsmygESifh? rGD;rnfawmfa&TEdkUoQif? tdk,dkrpGrf;ESifh? om;udkw½kusifí?
vGrf;ylyifwvQufay? a&m*gpD;í? rcsd[dvwfrnfudk? pdwfwGif0,fwGufvQufom? rGD;rdcifudk?
rjrif&cJhygí? pD;NzdKifumrsuf&nfus? pdwfqm0Donf? vDyGDrkefwdkif;xodkU?
wrf;½kwatmifhrdum? vSDoabFmwGif? uRef½dkUaemufwGifyg\? csDvm;&m,if;uyif?
oDwmjrpfudk? vTifhjim;wufvm;vDonf? &efikrfNrdKU&GmodkUav;/

&efikrfNrdKU&Gm? xGufvm;ygonf,if;cgwGif? urf;rjrifoDwmrSm? vdyfausmufig;ref;?

>yef;>yef;aygjyefvSmu? ig;qifoma&mufvwfrS? ig;awmufolvnf;? &DwGifNzdKxdk;Mu\?
vif;oQLuay:umum? &DrD;ausmif;vnf;? udkufrnfcsnf;om&SmvQuf? jyifomrSmwXme?
ywfum0ef;um? &pfMuygonf/ xdkrSmvdyfig;ref;udk? aqmif;&Sm;um;ysH½kyf[ef? ig;'&SnfrSm?
&DwGifckefvTm;jyefvQuf? uZwf[efolUbmom? ig;obifudk? ,if;wGifjrif&yg\?
a0blrSmpdkufumarsm? wif;usdefi,fvnf;? &DwGifikwfumpm;vQuf? Zifa,mfuem;yif;om?
jrpfv,faMum0,f? aomaomysH0JumESifh? BudK;MumrSmwXme? tNcDpif;pif;?
vdkifMuif;Muif;ESifh? ckefqif;ckefqif;\? &DiSufr[oFmrSm? armifESHESpfyg;? wlpHkvm;í?

( 349 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
awmifzsm;,SufjcHKumESifh? tpmomcGefUMuvQuf? vdkifcsif;,Sufwif? jrL;aysmf&Tifonf?
&DwGifobifiSuf½dkUudk? arhcspfoufjrifaomcg? om;ODrdcif? i,fuRrf;0ifonf?
,if;wGifrjrifvSmwnf;/ jrpfoDwmvTifhumvm;? zD;zdk;pdkifvm? &Hcgra&mufjim;bJ?
wvdkif;rsm;wdkif;jynfom? &efukefNrdKUwGif? vQifpGma&mufvDygu? olUjynf&GmXme0,f?
&Dvnf;rwl? pm;rl&GHU&SmzG,faMumifh? uRefaemuf0,fygolrsm;? pmudkifac:axG?
em;aygufu,fESifh? azmif&SDrSmcdkif;pom? wdkufpdk;um;wdk;atmif<u,f? tkd;azmufu,fom?
pH&SDazmfESifh? wGifac:i<uif;a,wnf;? ukvm;0,frkefoD;om? zJG'gBuD;rSm?
a,mufzawmfwHkygvQuf? umvemvdkufíay? wedwnf;rSm? usif;usif;pkawhoD\?
tpHa,ysm'gum;? vrf;vm;&mrSm? cE¨mpkawhjim;vQuf? ac:wGifxm;vlwum?
usD;yif;&SnfrSm? tu,fuRef;tkyfaomfum;? (------)? 'vzufrSm? [donfwvdkif;pk0,f?
&TifaysmfjrL;pm;umum? vifESifhr,m;? orD;om;onf? aysmfyg;eDjcif;&mudk? arQmfacsrd
wkHum0,f? yef;oGifrdcif? i,fuRef;0ifESifh? EdkUoQifacR;ri,fudk? atmifhrdacswHkaomcg?
udk,fwGiftouf? xdyfodkUwufí? aZmoGD;jyefvwfygvQuf? umvem,SOf;íay?
toufvdyfjym? olUcE¨monf? ,if;cgxGufvkzG,fwnfh? jzpfvwfaywHkaomtcg? tedpöESifh
bk&m;omryg[k? wdkifwef;umudk;uG,frI? zD;cyfodrf;onf? aysmufNidrf;csif;csif;ukefu?
NrdKU&efikrf&yfudk0,f? yg,fa,Smifcí? csDwufvm;MuvDonf? tif;0NrdKUawmfodkUav;/

tif;0NrdKUawmf? wufvm;ygonf,if;cgvQif? vuf0JwGif'vay? o&ufwyif? xdyf0wGifü?

vQifvQifqdkufa&mufvDu? <ucsDwufvDaomcg? vuf,mem;rSm? &efuif;pH&momwnf;?
ac:wGifum"EkjzL? yg,fa,SmifícsD<uvm;vDrlum;? vuf0JwGif[oFw? xdkUaemufysHUatmif?
yg,fa,Smifqefwufvm;í? vuf,mem;urf;00,f? anmifZ&J[ef? emr&efESifh?
a&TawmifNrdKUa&mufvDí? vuf0JeDjrpfem;rSm? ykawmif;NrdKUudk? vQifapma&mufvDygu?
wvdkif;omoQrf;atmufom;? ukwfum½Iwfum? ykef;ívmonf? nOfhcgolcdk;vm;odkU?
vrf;pyfMum;c&D;rSm? cdk;vQufowfrnf? '&yfvmwHkygu? acsmif;ajrmif;awmifMum;?
oDaysmufrsm;onf? &GHUjim;r&ygwnf;? xGufívQifNyD;vDcg? ½dkUocifonf?
vQifvQifcsDwufvmvQuf? jynfNrdKUoma&mufvDu? udk;aomif;AdkvfESifh? ,if;wGiw f GdMuukef\?
ac:wGifxvlwum? MuufawmifAdkvf[k? emr[dk;[dk;ausmfvQuf? aZmfaeomurf&dowf?
AdkvfcsKyfBuD;ESifh? wdkifyifajyma[mMuyfvQuf? EIwfuGrf;qufeDaomcg? rsufrSefAdkvf[k?
emrnfausmaf Zmyg\? araZmfomaZmoQdefowf? wyfOD;Adkvfvnf;? ,if;wGif
a&mufjyefvwfu? pm;aomufMutvSDvSD? aysmfrIqifí? ,if;rSmeDMuayonf?
jynfNrdKU&yf0,fwnfhav;/

jynfNrdKU&yfrSm? eDMuygonf,if;cgwGif? wvdkif;vQifoQrf;atmufom;? rdr®Adkvfonf?

,if;wGifa&mufvmjim;í? jynfNrdKUyg;teD;rSm? &aohNrdKUwGif? wyfrlpJGjim;vmvQuf?
vuf0JrSme0if;wyf? 0ufxD;uef0,f? rSefpGmwyfBuD;&yf\? urf;yg;pyfjrpfem;rSm?
zdk;OD;awmifonf? jrifhacgiftxGwfcsmü? wyfawmifwmpJGumay? ajrxJNrdKUrSm?
wwyfwnfvQufeD\? uckefonfwaomaom? [pfarmif;aMumfí? oH0gNcdrfhoJatmfvQuf?

( 350 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
trSm;rSm;atmufom;rSm? aumif;rnfxifvQuf? ,if;wGifeDMuygonf?
udk;aomif;omAdkvfcsKyfBuD;? wyfOD;Adkvfudk? ,if;wGiftmPmyD;\? NrdKUteD;oQrf;wyfudk?
vuf0JaMumif;om? wyfOD;csDvDqdkvQuf? vuf,mudkigwufrnf? jrif;pD;rsm;rSm?
awmuykef;íeDavmh? ajymMuNyD;wHkaomcg? &Jrufrsm;ESifh? vQifapmcsDwufygí?
wydkausmfeDxGuf0,f? oQrf;wyfBuD;udk? eif;vQufwdkufMuvDu? *l&monfpmzmtdwf?
jrif;pD;rsm;om? cGwfMuygonf? v,frSmpyg;&dwfodkU? oQrf;rBuD;Adkvfvkyfol? rdoQifoJonf?
edpöcE¨mukef\? eD0ifrlwyf½dkUrSm? atmufom;rdkufonf? NyD;írvGwfygwnf;/
&Jrufawmf*l&mrsm;? toG,foG,fonf? &SmazGwdkufowfjim;u? 0ufxD;em;wyfxJeD?
atmufom;rdkufonf? usif;usif;jrKwfvQufoD\? rdk;OD;0,fawmifxdyfrSm? AHk;p~uúmudk?
qifhumvTwfvdkufygu? NyD;a,Smifumykef;rvGwf? awmifMum;acsmufajrmif?
ESHUatmifjzefUvQufowf\? ajrxJ&yfwyfudak y? *l&mrsm;onf? NyD;vTm;wdkufuwfvDu?
aMumuf0SefonfrcHcsd? wyfvHk;olonf? tvQifxGufysmNyD;\? &efwpdray:vSm?
wyftrsm;udk? vQifapmEdkifeif;ygonf? bkef;awmftaMumif;ESifhav;/

taMumif;bkef;awmf? Edkifeif;ygonf,if;cgvQif? jynfNrdKUwGifapwDBuD;? a&TqHawmfudk?

,if;rSmylaZmfNyD;rS? toD;oD;csDMucg? rD;oabFmonf? &DaMumif;qefwufyg\?
ukef;aMumif;rSmwpvm;? ESJNyDc&m? aAmrIwfygonf? ywfomtNidrfhrsm;ESifh? qifjrif;um;
&xm;om? teEÅonf? &GDwGufr&ygwnf;/ ol&Jawmfodef;uk#D? av;yg;ppftif?
rGef;zsifjynfxJcsD\? vm;MuvDwkHaomcg? umrNrdKUudk? vuf0Jxm;cJhygvQuf? vuf,mrSm
qifaygif0J? o&ufNrdKUom? vuf0JrSmudk? yg,fcGma,Smifxm;cJhvQuf? woJoJcsDwufcg?
yXe*dk? wGifqdkNrdKUa&mufygu? qdkif;&yfumwyfBuD;cs? rsm;Adkvfygonf? ,if;rSmpk½Hk;Mu\?
aemufzufujrpfem;rSm? rvGefNrdKU0,f? atmufom;wyf[dygvQuf? ycif;omrif;jrwfzl;?
yocsifvQif? oQifbk&ifrSm? nDawmftxGD;qHk;wnf;? AdkvfrI;BuD;,if;wyfrSm? usD0efrif;udk?
tBuD;jyKygvQuf? aumvif;omrif;BuD;ay? wyfrI;&mudk? ,if;wGifjyKvkyfonfwnfh/
tmoH0,fwdkufcsDol? oDv0onf? ppfuJjyK&wHkvQuf? em;cHrl,if;aomcg? aZwAdkvfonf?
rSefrSefjyKvkyfyg\? pum;omjyefwwfjim;? 'g0dkufauudk? trSefwnfhwnfhxm;vQuf?
ol&Jum;,if;wGifom? wyfoHk;wyfrSm? ig;aomif;avmuf[dyg\? eDMucgwHkay? rvGefwyfudk?
eif;íwdkuf,lrnf[k? MuHMuonfwcgwGif? rif;jrwfzl;u? wrefpDvTwfusif\?
wyfudkvQifqdkif;&yfyg? trD;ykpäm? jyóemudk? NyD;atmifajzMuygtHh/ ajymwHkvmaomcgay?
jrpfv,faMumwGif? vSDazmifzJGUvkyfeD\? atmufom;0,fusD0efBuD;? aumvif;rif;om;?
vQifapmvmwHkjim;u? AdkvfcsKyfBuD; Muufawmifzef? &myodefowf? rif;jrwfvm;rnfMuHu?
MunfhrsufrSefwyfOD;udk? aZmoQdef;owfonf? aemufxyfvdkufrnfqdkí? oHk;yg;Adkvfaygif;NyD;cg?
jrpfv,fazmifrSm? vQifatmifvm;vDygvQuf? ESpfzufomrif;pyfMum;? 'g0dkufauonf?
xdk0,fjyefíajym\? jrefrmrsm;ul;íay? iwfarmf&yfu? txufzrf;,lvDonf?
&Jrufi,fpzmtdwf? trd&dum? xdkrSmt*Fvdyfudk? ,laqmifNyD;yD;ygrnf? q,fhig;&ufESifh?
vdkonfp&pfudk? ajyvnfatmifyD;qufu? &efukefNrdKUodkUvQif? vQifapmqkwfvm;Muavmh?
usKyfwdkUum;aemifwcg? cdkuf&efrsm;rjyKvkyfyg[k? ajymqdk&mESpfzufom;? vuf0g;½dkufum?

( 351 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pmcsKyfygvQuf? rSefpGmuwdxm;í? ykPÖm;um;q&mawmf? eH'&ifrSm? trSmawmf&GD;omwnf;/
em;cHrSmitkyfau? tukefoludk? ,if;wGifvTwfvdkufayvQuf? rsm;AdkvfNcD&Jrufawmf?
q,fhig;&ufudk? qdkif;iHapmifheDygonf? OpömuwdESifhav;/

uwdopöm? apmifheDygonf,if;cgwGif? (yDaysmuf)

qifjrif;omvlolu? wcsufrSefaomf? {uefr&Pwnf;? rD;usnfum;vufeufawmf?

wcsufypfaomf? xGwfzsm;xuftmumodkU? ysH0JumwufvDjim;? oufvwfygaomf?
wyfrSmNrDacgif;rsm;ü? &SmwHkjim;rTDíom? owfvwfjim;onf? vl\[efyrmodkU?
*l&mom&Jrufum;? aZ&m0wD? ac:onfxdkjrpfzsm;udk? ul;vm;jim;vdkufíay?
atmufom;wyfudk? 0ifvQufcGwfuwfvD\? nDawmfonfrif;jrzHk;? usD0efBuD;om?
xdkcgawmrSmykef;í? wyfjywfvHk;atmufom;rSm? udk;uG,fr&? vGefaMumufvSí?
vQifapmNyD;vDygu? wdkufMu&mwcP? oHk;wyfpHkudk? vG,fulcsufcsif;&\/
csDwufvm;MuvDcg? rauG;NrdKUwGif? vQifjyif;a&mufvDaomfum;? aemufawmfygzJGU'gBuD;?
taomif;'lvm? xdkrSma&m*gpD;í? rcsd,if;NrdKUwGif? r&Ponf? edpöa&mufvDusif\/
vm;vDvQif0ufrpGwf? a&eHacsmif;udk? yg,fcGmcsDwufvwfrS? vuf,mrSmpavNrdKU?
vuf0Jzufurf;? qifjzLuRef;ESifh? usm;Aif;qdyfurf;½dkUu? waomif;avmuf
atmufom;vQif? pvif;NrdKUwGif? wyfESifhapmifheDusifvQuf? ,if;&yfwGifAdkvfcsKyfrl? rdzk&m;rSm?
armif&if;awmfonf[l\/ ZmwdrlaxmifrI;om;? a,mufzawmfudk? ocifBuD;bk&m;[k?
emrnfum;armiftdkom? atmufom;rdkufonf? rdr®[efyrmodkU? owif;omMum;umrQ?
ppfra&mufcif? tvQifxGufNyD;Mu\/ ESrESifha,mufzom? xH&if;awmfyg;?
a&mufvDjim;aomf? aMumif;vsm;avQmufjcif;&mum;? ,dIufrufumidkíay?
jyL;wl;Muufwuf? atmifhvQufxdkonfES,fodkU? wkefvIyfumpD;,dkus? ½IHwGrsufESm?
ajymvwfygonf? vQifpGmNyD;vDawmhvm;? wdkufowfMuqdkifaomcg? NyD;rvGwfbJ?
rcRwfoDrnfom[k? wdk;wdk;omcsyfcsyfajym? csD;,dkygonf? atmufay:a'gvsm;rsm;\/
vl;vJjim;0rf;cJuGef? ckcsufcsif;onf? umvemvdkufonfh[efodkU? jyKvkyfjyefOyg,fom?
aMumuf0SefBuD;í? ,if;rSmeDvQif;ygonf? ESrxHrSmwnfhav;/

ESrxHrSm? eDvDygonf,if;cgvQif? csDwufusifvm;vDjim;? vuf,mzufrSm?

teE´mbk&m;wnf;/ vuf0Jem;urf;prSm? wif;usdawmif[k? ac:aqmifbk&m;omwnf;?
vuf,mrSmyk*HNrdKU? qdkufa&mufaomcg? ,if;rSmatmufom;½dkUu? bkef;awmfwdk;tmrcH?
aiGcGufpJGí? wyfpJGvQufeDjyef\/ *l&mysH&Jrufawmf? jrif;pD;rsm;onf? vdkufíwdkufMuygu?
waomif;ausmfvlru? oDysufygonf? jrefrmatmufom;uwnf;/ xGufNyD;MuvDaomcg?
anmifOD;NrdKUwGif? vQifapma&mufvDygu? vuf0JrSmjrpfqdyfurf;? ykcef;BuD;ac:?
NrdKUudkomvQif? yg,fumcsDvm;bdu? atmufom;vQifoDv0? ul;ívmum?
ajymqdkvmonf? jrif;omNydKifuwfpG[k? t&Sdujrif;udkom? pdkif;íNyD;aomf?
iSufoGifvQifvSyg\/ taemufrSmNrif;wdkU0,f? NyD;rvQifonf? aemufzifum;&m;eD\/

( 352 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
xdkcgaxGwHkayu? rsufrSefAdkvfonf? ,if;wGifrmefBuD;xvQuf? ckvQifapmjrif;,lcD?
NydKifí,HI;aomf? jrif;udk,lMurnf[k? vuf0g;onf½dkufNyD;rS? ig;pD;jrif;udk?
atmufom;rSm,lMuvQuf? ol½dkUujrif;pD;om? uonf;rsdK;udk? tpD;tyfvQif;yg\/
,if;aomcgrsufrSefAdkvf? tdrf&mZDonf? uwfwifzavmif;ysdKudk? ac:íqdkjrif;tyfum?
ESpfyg;pHkonf? twl&yfMuygu? odef;Adkvfygvlolrsm;? ½IMunfh&monf? obifyJGtvm;wnf;/
jrif;ESpfyg;pdkif;Mucg? tdrf&mZDonf? toQifjrif;wHkaomfum;? xuftmumiSufysH[ef?
atmufom;jrif;onf? EGm;vm;\o@efodkU? ajymif;umjyefaemufuom? oHk;cgpdkif;aomf?
wcsufrrSDygwnf;/ wpD;om,HI;wHku? aemufxyfygonf? xdkcgwpD;jy\/
pdkif;jyefMuvDaomcg? oHk;acgufvHk;udk? wcsufrEdkifygwnf;/ aomif;aomif;aMumf
vufckyfcwf? ,HI;onfhjrif;udk? odrf;í,lwHkvwfu? atmufom;oGwft½l;om? oDv0onf?
&Sufíjyefvm;ygvQuf? pmcsKyf&muwd&uf? pda&mufaomcg? aiGawmfryD;qufí?
MuefUMumvQufusL;vGefcg? &myodefowf? rif;jrwfa&TEIwf0gESifh? atmufom;om
oQrf;rdkufrsm;? uwdrrSef? vif;jyefvlysufom;udk? wyfOD;ursufrSefAdkvf? (----)?
atmifausmf&TDvnf;? ,if;rSmvm;cDqdkvQuf? udk;aomif;AdkvfMuufawmifzH? &Jrufrsm;ESifh?
toifhapmifheDjyef[k? csvwf[efwHkaomcg? rsufrSefAdkvfESifh? tuRef½dkUtvHk;aomfum;?
vm;Mu&mwHkuay? rvGefwyfrSm? vQifapma&mufvDonfwnf;/ atmufom;0,fusD0efBuD;?
aumvif;rif;udk? t,ifpum;rD;\/ xufuwdpmcsKyfrSm? ygo&dudk? tckyD;tyfygavmh/
ryD;aomfeufzef0,f? eDwydkwGif? trSefwdkufvmrnfwnf;/ ajymqdkaywHkaomcg?
usD0efrif;onf? csufcsif;wkefvIyfygí? aMumuf0SefumrcHcsd? ig;&ufqDudk?
iHhawmfjyKygzdavmh/ xufuwd [dwdkif;udk? jynfhpHkatmifonf? uRefwdkUyD;rnfqdku?
remvdkjiif;íom? rsufrSefAdkvfESifhtuRef½dkUjyefvmvQuf? avQmufMuvSmaomcg0,f?
eufzef&ufrSm? vQifapmwdkufMurnf[k? vufeuf0,fAHk;pMum? rD;usnfwef;ESifh?
&Jrufrsm;Adkvfygudk? toifhompDrHí? xm;vQif;ygonf? wdkufrnftrSefwnfhav;/

wdkufrnfrSepf Gm? rdk;aomufygí,if;cgwGif? wydkvQifeDwufcg? AHk;vufeufudk?

wcsufvTwfvdkufygu? xuftmum0wdefü? 0&Zdeft[def? rdk;BudK;xpfodkU? uswHkvpf
,if;wyfrSm? v,fpyg;udk? MuJíypfjcif;&modkU? (yDaysmuf)

(&efwydkpmcsKyftaMumif;)
csif;wGif;jrpfwGdcg? vuf,mem;rSm? w½kwfNrdKU[dyg\/ csDwufaomfwHkuay? &efwydkrSm?
vQifpGmqdkufa&mufvDu? ,if;wGifomwyfrcs? rsufrSefAdkvfrSm? vQifpGmcsDwuf<uvQuf?
eDMuaywHkaomcg? oQifbk&ifrSm? uRef&if;trwfaomfum;? v,fudkif;om;NrdKUpm;ay?
rif;BuD;r[m? rif;vSomvQif? ausmfxifbJGUemrnfwnf;/ twGif;0,f0efBuD;om?
a&TcGef0efrSm? emrnfbJGUwHkaomfvnf;? rif;r[mrif;vSay? oD[ol[k? ,if;rSm
ac:Muonfwnf;/ eef;awmf0,f? armif&TifomoHawmfqifhvnf;? ,if;cgygvQif;yg\/
q&mawmfyg'vD? Zdefowfudkay? &SdeDjyKvkyfNyD;vQuf? ac:,lNyD;vmíom? rvGefwyf0,f?

( 353 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
txufpmcsKyfygudk? *k,lygajymíay? a&TaiG'F*g;? trsm;vufaqmif0,fESifh? zrf;vDonf
qmzmtdyf? trd&dum? rSefpGmt*Fvdyfudk? tyfqufNyD;yD;rSom? ESpfzufom;onf?
vuf0g;½dkufNyD;cgrS? pmcsKyfygMuvwfonf/ tuúAwfxGD? a0omvDESifh?
tmoHNrdKUvQifaywnf;/ rPdyl&rSm? &Sdrif;a[mif;onf? *bd&oQdefaomfvnf;? jyefvQufom
rif;jyKu? oQifbk&ifrSm? cdkuf&efr&Sm&wnf;/ xm;0,fESifh&JNrdKU0,f? weoFm&D?
ac:onfAdwfNrdKU0,fESifh? oH&Sif0,fjrpfudkrl? e,fjcm;íom? ydkifvQuf,lMuwHktHh/
&cdkif[lNrdKU"n? 'Gg&m0wD? ac:onfoHwJGpom;? &rf;jynfhESifhrmefatmifom? q,fhESpfNrdKUudk?
ydkifjcm;odrf;,lygtHh/ usef<uif;&mNrdKUudkay? oQifbk&ifudk? ig½dkUyD;crnfwnf;/
p&pfaiGtwGufrSm? wuk#Dudk? trSefyD;&ygtHh/ av;yHkomwyHkum;? &efwydk0,f?
ckyifyD;tyfavmh[k? wyHkum;&efikrfrSm? t*kedu? &ufaygif;&GDw&mwGif?
yD;wHkusifaomcg0,f? wESpfwGif;rSm? wyHkoGif;&rnfwnf;/ wyHkaiGaemufyD;u? &efykpämudk?
aemifr&Sm&[k? ESpfzufurif;½dkUom? uwdxm;í? ,if;rSmajymMuygonf?
wyfr[d&mwnfhav/

wyfr[d&m? ajymMuygonf,if;cgwGif? cJG0DusifvDMucg? &cdkifwdkif;jynf? oHwJGe,fudk?

ac:axGvlwum½dkU? awmifcGifomarmf½Hkxd? &cdkifrif;omwnfvkyfygonf? r[mapwDBuD;udk?
rodrMum;uGef? v,fudkifpm;ESifh? usD0ef½dkUajymMujyef\/ ykodrf0efpD&ifpk? oHwJGe,fonf?
tu,fyifr[kwfwnf;/ ryD;tyfyg? jiif;cHkvwfaomf? uREfkyfajymvQif;yg\/ av;q,fom
ajcmufcku? &cdkifjynfudk? atmufom;ydkifvSmvnf;? ykodrfur&yg? apwDBuD;vnf;?
&cdkifrif;&mZmu? wnfvkyfygonf? e,ferdwfjzpfjcif;[efudk? tuRefajymvwfyg\/
apwDxde,fudkay? &cdkifjynfu? tydkif&vQif;pDwnf;/ t&Sdjynftif;0rSm? pzmtdyfonf?
ol&Jig;usdwfausmfESifh? uwfwifomtdrf&mZD? Adkvfwa,mufvnf;? apmifhíeDthH/
ukrÜPDNrdKUawmfrSm? xm;vdkufjim;aomf? atmufom; ig;usdwfausmfudk? rjywfomapmifheDvD?
ppf&efrsm;udk? rjyKvkyfpD[k? ouú&mZfonf waxmifjzpf? w&mhoQpfq,f? ckESpfu,fu?
waygif;vjynfhausmf (4) &ufedonf? wydktcsdefrSm0,f? ESpfzufum;rif;rsm;ay?
pmcsKyfxm;í? vufrSwfcsMuonfwnf;/ bmom0,folUp½dkuf? ajymif;Z0gudk?
xdkcgoHqifhypfvQuf? vufeufüAHk;pMum? rD;usnhfwef;udk? tmumajrSmufvdkufygí?
usL;&pfumypfwHkjim;? xdefUxdefUqlonf? ZrÁLuRef;vHk;Mum;rQ? aysmf&Tifjim;atmifyJGom?
Aifwkwf½kwfrSm? uwfwifAdkvfrif;aomfum;? ac:wGifumolUemr? avmaAmoQdefwdef
tdrf&mZDudk? ,if;cgpDvTwfuvnf;? uwfwifESifh ESpfa,mufom? tif;0NrdKUrSm?
vQifapma&mufvDyg\/ eef;awmfoma&mufvDu? oQifbk&ifrSm? eD&mwdkif;BuD;rü?
wHqdyfESifhcwfESdyfNyD;cg? tydkifcHí? vQifpGmjyefvQufvmonf? wyfr[d&modkUav/

wyfr[d&m? jyefvQufvmía&mufcgvQif? 0rf;om&Tifaysmfyg;um? &myodrfowf?

rif;jrwfEIwfa&T0gESifh? rsm;Adkvfyg&Jrufum;? *kvQifpGmonf? jyefumqkwfívm;avmh?
csqdkjim;wHkaomcg? AdkvfvHk;om;onf? jyefvQufqkwfvDygí? yk*Homa&mufNyD;u?
a&Tpnf;cHkonf? oQifyifapwDrudk? ylaZmfMuvDaomcg? atmufom;ronf?

( 354 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
½IMuMunfhwHkvSm\/ jrifcDaomf&GHUzG,fwd? tNcDpif;pif;? vufusif;usif;onf?
0wfjcif;yif&ifrpdwnf;/ rGD;onfrdto&D? jyifudkxkwfvQuf? r&SufjyeD\/ vuf,mNcD
'l;qpfrSm? jcnfrQifrJudk? ywfícsdKifxm;ygvQuf? om;jrwfrSmcsuf&Sdxd? tom;rJrJ?
oGm;MuJMuJonf? a*gif;vnf;cydydESifh? rsufpdvnf;jyL;wl;om? qHudkjzwfí?
rsufESmzkH;xm;ygvQuf? ½l;jcif;&m[efrjym;? wcsufjrifaomf? aMumufcsifzG,frsm;cJh?
armifhoufxm;rsdK;tdrfol? EdkUoQifacR;r? oufvHk;rQudk? pdwfjzifhEdIif;,SOfaomfzufrrQ?
ajrmfjrifool? pdwf0rf;ylonf? ewfbHkolruwnf;/ ,if;XmeolU&yfrSm? waygif;rif;vGif?
&GufusifawmifvDvmu? OMoomzdk;acgifusL;? EGDaygufoH0g? iSufwumonf?
jrL;aysmfuZmwfjyKu? xufatmufcsKyfrdIif;0Dum? NrHKaxmif;axmif;onf? (-----)?
vTifhvGwfygwHkayu? om;OD;rdcif? i,fuRrf;0ifudk? uRefvQifatmufrdvSí? wrf;w½k
rMuHom? [mvmtouf? jyifxGuf[efyrmodkU? zdkarmumoG,fNydKufus? pdwfylqmonf?
r,fawmfoQifacR;raMumifh? qGwfrQwíom? wqwfqwfonf? jyefvQuf csD<uvmvQuf?
jynfNrdKUomqdkufa&mufu? rsm;Adkvfygonf? ,if;rSmwyfBuD;csvQuf? qdkif;iHMueDcg0,f?
psD;wef;jyifrSm? uRefvQifjrifcDonfum;? om;oli,frdxHrSm? ryDwGwG? yDwGwGonf?
tbudkomac:vQuf? vl;vJumidkíay? ighbcifudk? ckyifyD;&rnf[k? wGvQufay
awmif;vwfcg? rGD;bcifonf? vQifvQifNyD;ívmvQuf? zuferf;umom;udk&Guf?
rGD;rdcifvnf;? ,if;wGifwpzuf\/ &,fEIwfquftvS,fvS,f? vifr,m;om;?
ESpfyg;aysmfMuonfudk? arQmfcDaywHkaomcg? uRefUoJtludk? EIwf,l[efyrmodkU? [>rufum
rsuf&nfus? om;armifi,faMumifh? bcifvGrf;½kwí? vGefaysmif;ysrMuHom? Mumy'Hkudk?
eDylvSrf;yrmodkU? rGD;r,fawmfrif;acR;r? csDívmcg? *rÇomvQif? 0rf;rSmoaE¨ESifhwnf;/
pJG&if;vS[dvdkufonf? zGm;jrifaMumif;udk? uRefvQifrjrifayí? om;armifi,fBuD;jcif;&m?
onfudkwGufí? tuRefUoJtlqmvQuf? pdwfrSmomarQmfEdIif;EdIif;? pm;aomufr0if?
ylyifvGrf;0SrfoJí? cGDaysmif;csdwvQufom? &efikrfNrdKU&Gm? <ucsDvm;vDygonf?
rMuma&mufvm\av/

&efikrfNrdKU&Gm? a&mufvwfygonf,if;cgvQif? qdkif;iHusifeDaomcg? &myodrfowf?

rif;jrwfa&TEIwf0gESifh? [>rufumajymvwfonf? ukvdukwÅm? ½dkUjynf&GmrSm?
igomcsDvm;ESifhNyD? &efikrf0,feDvdkufMu? aZmoQdefowfqdk? rsufrSwfAdkvfonf?
vQifpGmydkUwHkMuthH/ a&mufvD&&cdkifrSm? uRef;acsmif;rsm;onf? iguyD;tyf&mudk?
om;pdkifrSmNrD;qufay? rQifrjywfonf? rysufpm;&vDtHh/ t&m0,ftxl;om? BuD;rm;pGmudk?
,if;rSm &wHkyg\/ [>rufumajymvQufay? udk;aomif;AdkvfESifh? tukefcsDvDonfwnf;/
&efikrf0,fNrdKUwGif;om? uREfkyf½dkUonf? ,if;rSmusefvdkufygu? wef;cl;omqef;vwfrS?
wmoMuFefonf? usjyefwHkvwfuvnf;? ,if;Xmeol½dkUrSm? aygufaygufyef;rSef?
wif;cGefqDrD;0gESifh? qif,ifumtoG,foG,f? vifESifhr,m;? orD;om;onf?
aysmfyg;vm;Muayí? a&mufygvDwHkNyD;cg? a&Twd*Hkonf? oQifyifapwDawmfü? yef;rSefom
aygufaygufrsm;? qDrD;0gudk? vQifpGmn§dwifjim;u? vifr,m;armifESHay? wlpHkxdkifvQuf?
oQifyif&Sdawmf0,fü? twlonfjzpf&atmif? r,m;0wfonfh? udk,fwGif wHbufapmifudk?

( 355 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
vif,laqmifudkifxm;um? vif0wfygonf? udk,frSmtif;usDyg;udk? r,m;uqJGudkifum?
tom;csif;om? [yfíqkawmif;yg\/ jzpfvD&mb0udk? *kt[efom? wlpHkjzpf&vdk\/
om;armifudkeHyg;xm;? zl;Muygonf? oQifawmfjrwfbk&m;udk? wjcm;uyJGrsm;zsif?
vSDuZmwfonf? jrpf\jynfhrGef;zsifrQ? vufyJGvQifowfMu&m? ywfqdkif;wD;í?
xvQufuMuyg\/ ½IMunfh&mvifr,m;? vmMuygonf? ,if;rSm waomaomwnf;?
xdkifwHkjim;vmcgay? vifeHyg;rSm? r,m;0ef;&HeDvQuf? wa,mufonfr,m;rSm? &Dzvm;udk?
urf;vQufyD;eDyg\/ wa,mufomr,m;u? uGrf;Ek,mudk? ,lumudkifíxm;vQuf?
wa,mufum;qD;vdyfom? n§díyD;aomf? ,lvQufaomufumumwnf;/ wa,mufrSm
,yfESifh0,f? ylonfjrifaomf? cwfumeD\/ acR;,dkaxGpD;usum? r,m;BuD;rSm?
udk,f0wfydk;cgomESifh? wdkUumwdkUum? wHbufpGefudk? &ifwGiftomtkyfí? om;armifyk
rdxHrSm? tbaygifwGifvmvQuf? vJavsmif;um uZmwfonf? wcgxí? rdxdygvm;vD\/
vufn§dK;i,fjyumum? xdkrSmudkrD;? rSmudkrD;onf? &ifoGD;brsufazsmfwnf;/
NyHK;&,fumaysmfuZmwf? yJGobif0,f? wlpHk½Icif;rsm;udk? arQmfacsjim;wHkaomcg?
udk,fhom;a&Ta&mif? ajcmufa,mufarmifonf? ylavmifrcHomí? ovGefawmfrGd&mxJ0,f?
pD;jrdKufoG,fonf? rsuf&nfw&TJ&TJESifh? toJuJGvkzG,f? MuHrwwfonf? qD;owfig;tES,fodkU?
[díayvGefrdarm? a&TEdkUoQifonf? rdcifacR;rrsm;aMumifh? jzpfjcif;&mt[efudk?
olZmvif&if;? odMum;rif;onf? vQifjyif;rygqdkvQuf? ewfrsm;udkwdkifíom? udk,fhXmeodkU?
vQifapmjyefcsifygonf? &efikrfNrdKUrSmwnfhav/

(aemufqHk;ydkif;)
&efikrfNrdKUu? jyefcsifvSíeDMucg? om;Edk;omuHhaumfyef;? ta0,monf? BudKifpGmyifvHk;rTrf;rQ?
rav;yef;ESif;yGifhom? pyg,fpHum;? cs&m;ZDo0gudk? ,if;jynf&GmXmeom;? cl;íqGwfum?
vS&m&mudk? xdkcg&GD;cs,fjim;vQuf? xGm;jymnufvSqif;0g? udk,fhr,m;udk? vufjzifh
qifMuygí? t½IomMunfhvQufay? uGrf;Ek,mudk? vSrf;umyD;Muonfwnf;/
toG,foG,faysmfjcif;&m? onfudkjrifaomf? uRefvQifoJtq l mí? n§dK;0DumxyfqifhyGm;?
rGD;rdcifonf? EdkUoQifacR;rrsm;aMumifh? w½kjim;eDaomcg? N*dK;wckonf? vGrf;rIjyKjyefvmu?
iSufa&T0goHqifhcwf? a&mufysma&mufysm? Mwif;aqmfonf? oH0gwwGwfwGwfESifh?
jrnfwHkvwfaomcg0,f? om;OD;rdcif? i,fuRrf;0ifESifh? EdkUoQifacR;ri,fudk?
pD;NydKufaxG,dk&TJum? armifaMumifhw½l? rTD;olrtdyfygbJ? yef;bHkomrGd&mxJ? pufraysmfonf?
AsmygvGefBuDuGJESifh? toJNydKvkum? jyefvmenf;enf;? rsufpdxJwGif? jyefvQuf
wrf;&SmMuvdrfhrnf/ onfudkwGufí? oJzsm;vGrf;0SefuJESifh? om;armifi,f xGef;OD;um;?
arQmfonfolUudk? ]tbm} a&mufysmvm;[k? rD;wHkjim;rlMucg? ighbcifudk? ckyifjyygvwf[k?
idkuRD;ausmfawmif;íay? b&ifüonf? om;cspf[dvdrfhrnfudk? pdwfwGif0,fwGufíom?
toJavmifonf? ,mawmifrD;wdkufygodkU? iSufyrm[efrjym;? ysHa&mufcsifonf?
r,fawmfxH&if;yg;ü? Mumjrifhjim;wESpfausmf? olUXmerSm? 0ef;vsm;pdwfAsmygESifh?
eDMu&mwHkcg0,f? jrefrmrsm;onf? vQifapmvmMuayvQuf? wyHkaiGb@mawmf? NrdKU&efikrfrSm?

( 356 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
,ifpGmqufoGif;ygu? ac:MuumrsufrSefAdkvf? aZmfoQdefowfonf? jyefívm;rnfqdkvQuf?
ig;&mAdkvfvlxJwGif? usefonfoludk? ,if;cgac:jim;ygu? uREkfyfrSmwXme? ygonfoludk?
Munfhaqmifac:,lMuvQuf? pkaygif;Muíay? vSDoabFmwGif? vQifapmpD;MuvDí?
araZmfonfaZmfoQdefowf? wyfOD;AdkvfESifhtwl? jyefvmMuvQuf? wqwfqwfvTifhvwfcg?
rmefatmifNrdKUwGif? vQifapmqdkufa&mufygu? 0rf;BuD;omvGeftm;&? Oyrmonf?
&DwGifig;udkcsodkU? xm;cJhMuíay? rsufrSefAdkvfvnf;? vTifhcsDvm;vDonf? NrdKU0,fXmeodkUav;/

XmeNrdKUrSm? olUjynf&GmodkUvm;cgay? uREfkyf½dkUonf,if;cgu? aysmfyg;&Tifum? csDívmonf?

xdkrSmwef;acsmif;0ü? qdkufa&mufvDaomcg? &rf;jAJom;onf? aomaom½k½kqmvQuf?
vmíygrD;wHku? aMumif;jcif;&mudk? ,if;rSmajymaycvQuf? &,fEIwfqufvm;vDcg?
udk,fhXmeonf? &cdkifjynfBuD;rSmü? ouú&mZfrSmwaxmifjzpf? w&mhoQpfq,f?
pGef;0,fckESpfESpfwnf;/ rmCjzpfvqef;om? ig;&ufedonf? eDxGufwAdkvfausmfwGif?
NrdKU0efvQifywfwifowf? uwfwif[lrSwf? a'oQdefowfESifh? wdkifyifMunfh½Ivwfí?
ppfawG&yfjrpfem;rSm? aumif;onfcg0,f? NrdKU&GmwnfvkyfygvQuf? &cdkifomrI;rwfrsm;?
uRef;tkyfBuD;ol? atmufusDrlvnf;? aqmif,lom;r,m;ESifh? waomaomvmMucg?
ykvDapmif;n§if;? BuD;eif;armif;c&mwnf;/ ewfraemftmomc? udEé&monf?
0JumysHíusodkU? pifxufu ujcif;[ef? ,dk;',m;ESifh? obifZmwfBuD;cHvQuf?
jrL;aysmfpHeDíom? NrdKUcsmwdkifudk? ocifwnfjcif;&mum;? av;rsufESmoHBudK;cwf?
jrifhjcif;&monf? oHk;yHk\tqifhwnf;/ rdk;xufom;tcsdefcg? xufBudK;oG,frQif? qJGumiifí?
wdkifwGiftxGwfcsmü? wif;cGefomvTifhumxm;? umo&D[k? ,kH;awmfaqmufvkyfjim;vQuf?
vdkif;tdrfrsm;okwfovm? ol&Jwef;ESifh? aMumif;vrf;NrdKUZif;cg0,f? qifjrif;om&xm;?
uRJEGm;tdrf&mpDonf? uwfwifrif;trsm;½dkU? pD;vm;jim;toG,foG,f? jzLEkxGwfonf?
ewfbHkoltEG,fwnf;/ rdk;xuf0,fnOfhrjywf? pnfBuD;wD;cg? aAmrIwfygonf?
oH0gwwGwfwGwfESifh? ajymif;aoewftjcif;om? ESJrjywfonf? uZmwfaysmfMuyg\/
tif;zufomwef;cg;r? &GufBuD;NydKifNydKif? oHk;yifwdkifonf? vSD,mOfoabFmvSESifh? aAmufwDu
a*:wlom? rD;iljrpfrSm? jynfhrQ0if;vif;yg\/ a&mif;0,f&mwaomaom? eDMuygonf?
NrdKU&Gmqdyfurf;em;ü? &cdkifrsm;jrefrmay? [DE´KwfomeD? A&if*sDESifh? yoDukvm;onfwnf;?
uonf;EG,foQrf;½dkUrsm;? p½dkufbmom? eDMuygonf? NrdKU&Gmxlxyfayg\/ xufjrifhzsm;
ewfbHkoGif? NrdKUcsrf;omudk? ocifwnfvkyfyg\/ vmvwfvQifxH&if;awmf? zl;arQmfcsifí?
cPoGif;vDcg0,f? rif;BuD;om[dE´Kwfowf? qdkufa&muf[dcg? uRefomc½dkñGwfí?
avQmufwifrSwfajymNyD;cg? wqwfqwfonf? rjywfvm;vDygu? rif;uefac:yvD0?
oQifyifapwDrudk? ½dkñGwfcylaZmfcg? pdk;rif;jrwfom? csDwufvm;vDygu? vuf0JrSm,dk;iHk0?
tkef;uRef;vuf,m? zJG'g&Gmudk? arQmifum csDvm;Muvnf;? ausmufawmfr apwDom?
jrwfoQifcspfudk? ,if;wGifylaZmfygvQuf? emromukvm;wef? jrpfudkapmifhí?
ul;vQufvm;vDjyefu? ewfAdrSmefbHktvm;? yDuRef;NrdKUudk? tnm[kwGifjim;\/
csdKqdrfhcg;t&om? vdkorQonf? wckrusefygwnf;/ csrf;tD;pGm0ajymjim;? ukvm;r&rm?
eDMuygonf? uRef;&Gmxlxyfayg\/ ausmif;bk&m; apwDom? rodwfAvD? jynfhvQufeDonf?

( 357 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
azmufusDacgif;wum½dkU? aemfrmom zwfwHkjim;? olUbmomonf? ukodkvfaumif;rIrsm;ESifh?
&yfwjcm;ol½dkUrSm? ukefpnfvmvm;? a&mif;0,frsm;í? r,m;om;udkaomfrQ?
rdavsmhumaysmfíay? eDwHkjim;onf? XmeNrdKU&Gme,fodkU? ,if;&yfNrDa&mufvDu?
a&TEdkUoQifonf? rdcifxH&if;pü? ½dkwkwfuG ylaZmfum? c½dkñGwfí? rjywfeDvQif;ygonf?
yDuRef;&yfrSmwnfhav;/

yDuRef;&yfrSm? eDvQif;ygonf,if;cgwGif? om;armifyifrdoJcsm? b&ifüonf?

om;cspfNyD;ívmvQuf? uRefUxHrSmaysmfuZmwf? ewfa'0gonf? ,if;cgoifjyjim;odkU?
&ifcGifyg;xdkifíom? vdkifudkqJGí? wGvQufeDwHkvm\/ rGD;rnfawmfrif;acR;r? om;OD;rdcif?
i,fuRrf;0ifonf? oufvQifarmifhcspfpESifh? rdacR;rtvHk;ay? ajcmufjypfvGwfonf?
rdk;ewfolZmES,fodkU? ½dkñGwfaxGOD;vQifcs? &Tif0rf;omonf? a'0gewfrrQwnf;/
csrf;Nidrf;vSom,mpGm? aysmfyJGqifí? uZmwfeDMu&m0,f? &cdkifrSmNrdKU0efrif;? [dE´Kwfowfom?
vQifpGmac:vwfvQifu? r,Gif;vm;cgay? rif;acR;rudk? wcsufarQmfcDaomfu? xuftmum
0wdefzsm;? okZwmonf? [oFm[efrjym;wnf;/ EJGUonfcg;ESpfñdkausmf? rsufarSmifuG½Hk?
em;zefprHkrSmvnf;? 0if;ay:onfrxifvS? qdkufr&Hay? ausmufrSefrmcvQESifh?
n§mpdrf;jryef;ES,fyif? rdk;aumif;cif0,f? a&mifxifvQyfeDjyufodkU? jzLnHhoufwudk,fvHk;?
rTD;rsdK;pHkonf? yef;yHkuwdk;xHk;odkU? aoQmifOD;vHk;qHauom? ewfr,fausmhonf?
tmayg\cHwGif;u? Mumñdkqif;yef;a&mifom? oEÅmacsmnuf? q,fjzmvufrSm?
pJGvQuf'ef;eDvmESifh? EIwfoD;omusD;tqif;? taMumpdrf;&Sif? rSefoGifta&mifcsif;\/
awmufcsif;vif;onf0if;0gvwf? a&Tyef;cuf&H? yef;wHOD;xdyfcsyfí? ajcmufjypfvGwf
ewfqif;0g? armifhcspfpudk? arQmfoltHharm[\/ ,laqmifvm;vDjim;cg? rif;eD&monf?
ppfawGNrdKUa&mufjim;vnf;? txufuvkyfaqmifol? &cdkifjynfudkxdrf;odrf;ol\?
NrdKU0efrlywfwifowf? rif;ESpfyg;onf? wdkifyifjyKvkyfMuyfvQuf? wdkif;jynf&yf&cdkifrSm?
&DNrDponf? &SduxHk;[d&mudk? ouú&mZfwaxmifjzpf? w&mhoQpfq,f? pGef;onfudk;ckESpf0,f?
udk,fhjynf\b@mawmf? aiGESpfodef;udk? ,if;cgpnf;MuyfygvQuf? wdkif;jynf&GmtvHk;0,f?
r,fhcspfpudk? ]a';0ef;} cefUtyfonfwnf;/ wvpDrif;ar;em? aiGw&mudk?
rjywfyD;wHkygvQuf? toQifom[dE´Lowf? om;yrmonf? rSefpGmcspfav;jrwfí? (yDaysmuf)

rSwfcsuf/ / q&mrSm yDrlrSwqifhpuúLjyKxm;onf/ yDrl\tF*gpdkiftu©&mwdudk

<uufudkufxm;ojzifh tpDtpdkifcs&onf/ puúLrlvuf&GD;rSm xGef;ausmfpdef\
vuf&GD;jzpfygonf/ rpHkodrfh/ 4if;puúLrSwqifh&GD;ul;,lonf/

pHausmfxGef;
(9/5/63)

rdk;xuf (9) em&D? (38) rded/

1325 - ck? uqkefvjynfhausmf (2) &uf

( 358 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
Mumom;ywD;ed/

acwÅ - jrif;pdkif;jyif? awmif&yf&Gm

ajrmufOD;NrdKUa[mif;/
(29/10/93) edwGif vufESdyfpufjzifh xyfrHul;½dkufNyD;onf/

(q&m[lonf y@dwfq&mBuD;OD;omxGef;jzpfygonf/ pHausmfxGef;qdkonfrSm (AIO)

twGif;a&;rI; csif;awmifwef;üusqHk;vm;aom q&mpHausmfxGef;jzpfygonf/)

(yxrrlMurf;)
aemufxyfrlyGm;rsm;ESifhn§dEdIif;í trSefqHk;jzpfatmif wnf;jzwfokwfoifMuygukef/

(aemufqufwJG)
aZ,EåKoAÁr*FvH

(1) 0Ho[dEHé? rsdK;rrSefonf? vif;jyefrom;? oif½dkUrSmw½k½k? rpm;wwfum? cdkuf&ef&Smonf?

cGD;rSmom;½dk;vkodkU? wdkifyifrIpm;aomufum? ukov,Sm;? ygyyGm;onf?
rdkufrSm;vlrdpämwnf;/ ausmif;wum&Hazmfonf? NrdKUxJcJypf? qE´npfESifh? pifppf
vif;wi,fodkU? owfpm;rnfaMumif;tvm;? vif;EdkUyrm? wlvSygonf? rSefpGmrxl;jym;wnf;?
(-------)? EIwfrSmcsdKysm;? 0rf;rSmrQm;wnf;? [kwfjim;rTDaESmufum? &[ef;oCFm?
rsdK;av;jzm½dkU? rSefpGmrvGwfygwnf;/ axmif;owfumcsKyfíxm;? '*Fg;&TDaiG? yD;EdkifayrS?
Nidrf;axGcsrf;om&\/ pdwf'ku©rsm;oQifvl? qmylxyfxyf? MuHrwwfonf?
qD;owfig;ES,fwlvdrfh/ pJGvrf;,lrTDaESmufpm;? olrdkuf½dkUrSm? vGef0rf;omvQuf?
rsm;pGmtm;BuD;&í? pm;aomufMuvlAmvm? wdkif;jrwf&u©? NrdKU"nwGif?
&yf&Gmacsmufcsm;yg\? vlrdpämwusdyfajcmuf? aygif;ajrmufnDnm? vlwum½dkU?
rsm;pGmpJGvrf;aESmufí? wa,mufwvHk;qdkum? usef<uif;aomol? xdkrQvl½dkU?
jyKrloufoDygwnf;/ usrf;pJGumrkom;ajym? r[kwfrrSef? oufoDcHonf? {uefwHpdk;pm;í?
ajymqdkjim;wHkaomcg? "r®m,Gif;cRwf? a';csdefowfESifh? 0gowfrif;½dkUrSmvnf;?
&Tif0rf;omvGeftm;&? oHk;vkxGwfcsm? jrwf"r®mudk? arQmfumr½IMubJ? rawG;qrpmem?
tNidK;a'go? rmefrmeudk? rsm;vSodkxm;ygvQuf? pdwf[d&mxdkrif;rsm;? r[kwfrrSef?
rkomvsHudk? vkyfMuHjyK&GD;om;vQuf? xdk½Hk;rSmpD&ifiSm;? 0efBuD;rSefpGm? rif;av;jzm½dkU?
rSefpGmr½Ijim;bJ? pmrkom;½dkUudkom? [kwfpGmrSefvS? t,l&í? jzpfxauaumif;om[k?
rSwfjcif;&mxifrdrSm;? ynmESifhnmPf? jrwfusrf;uefudk? wwfyGefruRrf;jim;bJ?
wzufem;rkom;om? jyKumvkyfrSwf? a';oQdefowfESifh? 0gowf&GD;aompmudk?
,lNyD;cgpmw&m;? pD&ifaomcg? uREfkyfrSmum? Muif&mom;r,m;ESifh? qGDom;rsdK;wum?

( 359 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
OpömuRJEGm;? pdk;ydkifjim;vnf;? avum;uRef;&yf&Gmudk? pGefUíom&Sdur®? vm;&wHkonf?
rdpädar[k? olUjynfaemufa'o? udk,fhrdbtpdkifvm? &Hcgqef;xl;? ra&mufbl;onf?
0D;usL;ukvm;&GmodkU? &Sdur®mxdkb0? 'geyD;vSL? awmif;qk,lcg? pdwfrlroefUcí?
þavmuyknrSm? MuH&BudK;pm;? &efolrsm;½dkU? wifjim;zsufqD;vmvQuf? abmfrygwum,?
'ku©ylqm? rif;tmPmaMumifh? em0gac:oabFmrü? pD;wufMu&GufjzefUum? vDomjyefUajym?
wa[ma[mESifh? jrpfaMum,rkHemudk? &Tifhvmcgork'´&? vdSKif;,ufvnf;ql? wtltlonf?
OjzLvdSKif;,ufxí? rdIif;ysysaMumufzG,fom? oDwm[lusif? urf;rjrifonf?
jrpfcGifork'´mudk? ul;oef;umwdkufvmMu? tvS&TDwl? oJtlom;ESpf0udk? vGef½kw
aysmif;pdwfqm? uRefUudk,fomcsnf;? wa,mufwnf;onf? azmfuJGiSufyrmodkU?
rl;rdIifumusrwwf? Mumy'kr®m? yef;cwåmudk? jyif;pGmeDylcwfodkU? tloJjywfvGefavmifqm?
awmifuRwfiSufvm;? &DrJhig;odkU? n§dK;jim;pdwfAsmygESifh? olU&yf&GmvlwcsdKU? ukvduwåm?
qdkufa&mufvmonf? rdpämukvm;NrdKUav;/

(2) ukvm;NrdKU&Gm? rdpädrmodkUa&mufvmonf? aemuf&yfNrDolUXme? ykyÜyknH? &SdrrSefonf?

ur®Hraumif;vSí? pdwf'ku©n§dK;ylqm? r,m;udkvGrf;? om;udkwrf;vQuf? n§dK;EGrf;pdwfAsmygESifh?
rsufpd&SmvGefquJ? ESrolZm? armifhMuif&mudk? idkumrsuf&nf&TJESifh? AdrSmefxJ[dvdr®nf?
wrf;umarQmfvQuf? onfudkwGufí? armifvSoJusufonfwnf;/ pdwfrwnfvGef½kw?
eDMuaomcg? N*dK;vif;jymonf? oHomwjrjrESifh? bdkrESpfaumifvQif? opfyifjrifhzsm;?
wlpHkem;í? wGefjim;jrnfvmusifvQuf? vltoGif[efrjym;? iSuf½dkUbmom? cspfMuifemonf?
rm,mysLwrsm;í? 0JysHvm;wlruGm? vif;jymN*dK;vS? pmcGefUMuonf? ½kwxdkjcif;&mudk?
uREfkyfomjrifvwfu? tvSewfwl? rsdK;tdrfolonf? tjzLarmifESrESifh? om;ykwåpDw&m?
oJcsmESpfyg;? aemifBuD;tm;ESifh? qGDom;rsdK;wumudk? vGefw&Smjrifcsifjim;? ysHvm;a&mufcsif?
pm;r0ifonf? ylyif,dkpD;usvQuf? olUXmewdkif;&yfcGif? oHo&ma[mif;? &SduHaMumif;ESifh?
raumif;jzpf&yg[k? wGufíomvGefaysmif;ys? om;vSoJtl? &JabmfolaMumifh?
q,f,lMuHr&bJ? vGef½kweDaomcg? OMozdk;acgif? ukuúavmif½dkU? ajrmufawmifysH0JumESifh?
usL;oH0gnHrpJ? yGifhopfyef;rSmef? uREfkyfuRefvnf;? xyfjyefvGefquJí? tltoJ<uDvkbG,f?
ajcmufyg;vGwfpif? rsdK;tdrfoQifESifh? qGDvQifom;ESpfoG,u f dk? &ifcGif0,fxm;csifjim;?
atmifhrdwrf;um? rsufpd&Smonf? cE¨mvGefacsmufcsm;í? ewf½dkUtm;wdkifwef;um? &u©yl&?
NrdKU"nudk? vQifqGa&muftHhomwnf;/ boJcsmom;ykwå? oHk;yg;tacgif?
(zsm;udka,Smifaomf)? ukefatmifyifr&[k? y@dw&Sdq&m? rdefUrSmcJhjim;? xdkpum;udk?
cspfom;jrJrSwfygavmh/ vlwumxH&if;yg;? 0wfwGm;usdK;EGH? xdkyHkpHudk? em;cHrSwf,lxm;í?
av;yg;rsdK;½dkUudkom? ½dkUaowkwfuG? OD;ESdrfcsí? rme0rf;xJrodkESifh/ &efrvdkvltrsm;?
oem;cspfatmif? usifhvkyfaqmifvQuf? om;armifeDESifhjim;avmh/ oJrjcm;aemif&if;rSm?
oJcsmESpfyg;? uREfkyfom;udk? yg,f,Sm;rypfygESifh/ aemifBuD;rSm0rf;xufzGm;? rjym;xdkUwl?
uRefUoJtludk? &Sm,lauR;rGD;xm;avmh/ uRefUoufxm;rsdK;tdrfol? tjzLtvS? arESrvnf;?
'gerjywfvSLvQuf? oif;yHk;rl&Dcsrf;avmif;? ewfaygif;½dkUxH? oem;cHí?
rnHqk,lawmif;avmh/ aumif;aumif;eDESifhyg? opömrjym;? usifhw&m;udk? rrSm;

( 360 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
xdrf;odrf;ygavmh?? uREfkyfrSmopömtm;? xufrsm;ewf&Gm? 0wåðomu? olZmrdk;odMum;vQif?
rvmjim;uefawmhcg? ESpfouúonf? ukefwr[dcsmbJ? rsm;rMum apmvQifvsm;?
a,mufsm;vHkUv? 0D&d,ESifh? nmPynmtm;jzifh? vGefBudK;pm;MuHpnfcg? aumZmrul;?
wmrusL;cif? pHkzl;&rnfomwnf;/ ar½dkUrSmqHjcnfrQ? aMumif;Mupdk;&drf? tlemvdrfí?
n§dK;ydefr[dMuESifh/ jrwfoDvapmifhoHk;um? rdwåmur®Xmef;? edAÁmefvrf;udk?
r,Gef;aqmufwnfyg[k? rsdK;Muif&mxHyg;odkU? &GD;om;vuFm? oDuHk;rSmonf?
vQifpGma&mufvmzdkUav;/

(3) a&mufwHka[ref? &moDjyefítcsrf;0Srfonf? pdwfrwnfvGrf;avmifrI?

armifaMumifhw½l? rsdK;tdrfolvnf;? tjzLrtdyfrl;wnf;/ vJavQmif;tHk;rGd&m? arawmfwlr?
armifhoufrQ½dkU? nHhoufanmifapmif;omü? pufrGd&mxdkce? upäye'D? ac:wGifnDonf?
ajrmufqDa[0Eåmu? oGefusvmonfpHkvDjyif;? pdrfhpdrfhcsrf;um? tD;vSygonf?
rGd&movGefwGif;u? arvHk;csif;pufraysmf? Muif&moufxm;? vifa,mufsm;vnf;?
eHyg;[dvmoGifodkU? xifrdumpdwfa,mif,rf;? yef;yHkrGd&m? ovGefom0,f? xumrTDíprf;u?
i,fMuifuRrf;armifhudkom? puf&mwlpHk? aysmfMuwHkonf? pufbHkanmifapmif;omü?
prf;í&Smaomfarmifhudk,fiGd? rwGdaomcg? r,f½dkUrSmvnf;? xdkcgwcsJcsJESifh? wETJETJMuufoD;0Srf?
ylyefaysmif;ys? armifhudkwí? tvS&moufESH½dkU? rdk;aomufjyefxwHkaomcg? AdrSmeftdrfem;?
yef;pHum;onf? opfzsm;yifxufrSmwnf;? iSuf&TD0gauwwGwfwGwf? rjym;toH?
vlo@mefodkU? aESmif;pGefMum;vDygu? taumifhom[kwfpEdk;? cspfrsdK;pHkvif?
&moufMuifonf? i,fvifa&mufygzdkU[k? vGefESvHk;0rf;om&Tif? tvQiftqG? artvS½dkU?
csD<uysifxusifu? jyKyÜgvQif'u©dP? Owå&'Day? rdpädar[k? av;axG&yfa'oudk?
½IarQmfMuMunfhaomcg? arhrSmxdyfxm;? vifbk&m;udk? axGjym;rjrifygu? rsufpd&Smwrf;&GD&Gwf?
vSxGwf0if;ajymif? ewfqif;a,mif½dkU? tdraf rQmifNrD;wl;jywfodkU? MuHrwwfpdwfjzpfum?
'Dygjril? aomif;ZrÁLwGif? oQifvlrsm;wum½dkU? aysmfMu&mcg&wk? 0guRwfoMuFef?
obifcHonf? a&mifvQHrD;yJGrIudk? rMunfh½I0HMuyg/ jzLjymEkxGwf? ajcmufjypfvGwfonf?
eD0yfyef;yrmodkU? qHauomausmhrxHk;? yef;uHk;rqif? [daomoGifodkU? r&TifpdwfESvHk;um;?
BudrfrD;tHk;xdkUyrm? uGrf;,mxrif;? &DqD[if;udk? pm;jcif;r[dygwnf;/ tHk;rGd&movGefxuf?
pufvnf;raysmf? armifhudkarQmfvQuf? ppfac:woufoufESifh? nOfhvHk;jywftdyfraysmf?
i,fvifvlvS? om;OD;budk? ½kwvGrf;½dkUyifwnf;/ ar½dkUvQifvGefaysmif;td?
armifaMumifhvGrf;aqmif? toJavmifonf? ,mawmifrD;wdkufbdodkU? udk,frcsdnd§K;pdwfqm?
&SdOD;zGm;ajrmf? om;&Jabmfvnf;? tbedwdkif;ac:vQuf? &Smwrf;arQmfom;ykvJ?
vuf0Jvuf,m? oQpfrsufESmudk? ywfum0ef;íMunfhu? budkvnf;rjrifcg? [pfatmfvl;vJ?
rd&ifxJ0,f? idka<u;wpmpmESifh? rdudkomwwGwfwGwf? uRefUudkrsm;Muif? rGd;bcifudk?
ckyifjyygvwf[k? wrf;&GD&Gwfom;oJcsm? ryDwcGef;? yDwcGef;ESifh? zuf&rf;rD;jyefvwfu?
ajymp&mqdkrwwf? ajcmufjypfvGwfpif? rdewfoQifrSm? &ifudkxkaxmif;owfí?
oufvHk;jywfarmifhudk&Sm? arQmfuma,mif,rf;? w½kvGrf;vQuf? n§dK;EGrf;pdwfAsmygESifh?
qif;uvsmartvS? ,dkusrsuf&nf? pD;axGaxGESifh? yifv,fork'´&modkU?

( 361 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oGefusvmonfq,frEdkif? u,dkifuyg;? jzLnufxGm;onf? avQmufMum;ewfudkwdkifí?
av;uRef;ydkiftdkodMum;? e*g;jA[®m? tol&monf? a'0goQifewfrsm;ESifh? jrwfbk&m;ulryg?
uRrf;0ifi,fvif? arhxdyfwifudk? ckyifESif;tyfyg[k? q,fvufjzma*gif;rSmxm;?
wdkifjim;avQmufum? ewfwumvnf;? MuifemvGefoem;í? vGefBudK;pm;nDnmum?
tvsifwqG? arESraMumifh? tvSarmifhudkomvQif? aqmif,lumoQifewf½dkU? ,ckrMum?
ydkUa&mufvmonf? eD&marhxHodkUav;/

(4) oHk;q,fwbHk? tvHk;pHkonftukefom? tedpöonfocFg&? ur®0dnmOf? avmu"Hudk?

edAÁmefrrSwf&[k? pdaE´,oHk;vkcsm? "r®w&m;? [dvQufom;udk? wGufpm;rjyKygbJ?
pdwf[d&musifhwHkjim;? a'go&efNidK? 0rf;xJodkí? aiGudkwefpdk;pm;vQuf? vlrdkufrSm;,ckom?
MuH&mtrIwf? tuREfkyfudk? r[kwfjypfrJhomvQif? zsufqD;&mvlq,fhajcmuf?
OD;apmufvif;jyef? rsdK;rrSefonf? olUuRefpm;ydk;avmuf½dkU? jyKrTDaESmufwHkNyD;cg? oQifvltrsm;?
qif;&Jom;udk? pJGjim;ESdyfpufyg\/ vlrdpämt,lrSm;? r[kwfrrSef? rkom;uHudk?
vkyfMuHusrf;pJGjim;u? rw&m;jyKaomcg? £E´mouú? yk&dE´onf? Xmeudk,fheD&mu?
MunfhcDaomfvGefqef;jym;? raumif;aomol? rawmfvl½dkU? t,ltusifhrSm;í?
w&m;ürwnfMunf? jyKusifh&mudk? olZmodMum;jynfu? jrifwHkvDxdkaomcg? &SdqufusL;vGef?
ypöKyÜefonf? trSefraumif;ygwnf;/ ewfwumremvdk? "r®mcRif;,Gwf? a';oQdefowfESifh?
0gowfrif;½dkUudkum;? ESifvTwfNzdK&mxl;cs? 'ku©ylyef? wdkifa&mufrSefonf? EdkifiHrdpädrmü?
reD&ajymif;&Tdqdk? ukodkvfu,Sm;? ygyyGm;onf? rif;rsm;olrdkufudkvQif? NzdKxkwfESifbdvyfodkU?
vQifpGmrMum? ydkUvDygonf? rSefpGmeD&mNrdKUvnf;/ rESpfvdkUvlwum? wkyÜgESifhypf?
olUtjypfaMumifh? vlrdkufvm;&yg\/ oif;aygif;azmfvlUAmv? 0Ho[dEém? vGef,kwfrmonf?
rdpämvlAmv½dkU? rnfemrpH&TDazG? avQmufazG[ljim;? atmifukvm;ESifh? [,m;iyka0½dkU?
NrDBuD;rsdKwGif;qHk;us? ckrsufarSmufyif? avmuwGifü? uRefvQifjrifvdk&\/ wmyEéodrf;pdk;,l?
r[mwmyEé? a&m½k0½dkU? pdk;Muydkifawmfrlom;? i&Jom;ol½dkUtoQif? oD&dukwå? ,rv[k?
ac:MuemrnfwGifvQuf? pdk;tkyfusifewftrsm;? uRefUrSm&efol? xdkonfholudk?
owfrlvufeuf"g;ESifh? ckwfowfjim;csufjyKwfum? urÇm&SnfvQm;? Budrfzefrsm;ü?
rjym;xm;Muygavmh/ wdkifwef;umoufoDjyK? vlrdkufvif;jyef? rsdK;rrSefonf? [dEHéxdkvlpkudk?
udkifaxmif;xkcsdKifaESmifum? "g;vSHoHvQuf? 'kwfvufeufESifh? cJGzsuf&ifzGifhyg[k?
uREfkyfomrsm;b0? owf&ygvdk? oif½dkUudkvnf;? ,Gif;,dkr[d&wnf;/ bkr®d,BuD;jrifhol?
yx0Dtmayg? rD;awaZm[k? 0ga,m"gwfav;ql½dkU? apmifhxdrf;oloQifewfrif;? odMupDvdk?
ewf½dkUudkvQif? usdrfqdkxdyfyefvQif;í? atmuf[if;vif;0Dpd&Gm? 'ku©rsdK;pHk? i&JbHkudk?
vHk;csHKpdk;ydkifygom;? ewfwum,rrif;? rdefUowfac:qdk? 'dXdudkvnf;?
eif;NzdKzsufqD;vQif;avmh/ oifhoJwGif;cspfaomol? oJtlr,m;? orD;om;udk? oHzuf
pkef;ewfrlvnf;? owfEiS fh,lvwåHavmh/ wyg;&yf&Gm? jrpfrsm;pGmonf? oDwmyifv,fjcm;í?
qHk;ysufjim;[dvDpD/ vufpHkOD;xm;? ewftrsm;udk? wdkif;Mum;avQmufqdkcsDí?
&DwGifeDpdk;ydkifjcif;? '|&|? uka0&[k? emrac:wGifvQif;om;? e*g;rif;ewfwum?
ukvm;rdpäm? iykomudk? rSefpGmzsufqD;ygavmh/ oif½dkUrSmzD;oQpfyg;? q,fyg;aom'gPf?

( 362 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
<uif;rusefonf? &efrsdK;ig;yg;vnf;? cka&mufjim;wGdMuHKpD? csdKifaESmifw&yf? NcDcsif;cwfí?
rjywfaxmifxJeDí? csKyftifxDGtqufquf? oifütdrfaxmif? rsm;ukefatmifudk?
,laqmifrif;uzsufí? BuDqHk;ysuf[dvDpD/ udk;uG,fr&? 0#f'ku©ESifh? edpöajymif;vDpDwnf;/
eD&da,0Dpdvm;? Budrfrsm;zefzef? qif;&JcHí? oDjyefysufpD;jim;vQuf? oifhr,m;oufESH0D?
awmf&mpyfx? [lorQvnf;? <uDrGjyKef;wD;pDavmh/ usdrfqdkonfedrjywf? jruRef;oNyD?
av;&yfNrDudk? apmifheDoQifewfjrwf½dkU? Mum;odrSwfwdkifoufoD? uRefUudkwcg? ckzsufvmonf?
q,fcgysufvDpDwnf;/ oufESH0DoifhoJyGwf? usm;&Jckwfiif? awmifwdkif;wifí?
ewfvQifoHzufcwfavmh/ aygufaygufcGwfwef;usifvQdK? t&Sifvwfvwf? zrf;iifowfí?
w&yfNrDBuD;rsdKvQuf? jrif&vdkuRefUrsuaf rSmuf? tajrmuf"g;vSH? vSJurHESifh?
0g;cRefaoeyfausmufvnf;? cka&mufjim;oifhu, dk fwGif? xdyg;oDqHk;? rsdK;pdkifwkef;atmif?
ysufjyKef;ewfpD&ifavmh/ atmuf&yfcGifbkr®pdk;? olrdkuf[dE´D? OD;*g&SDudk? pHkpDvufeufrsdK;jzifh?
cGwfxpfxdk;owfMuyg? ½dkao0yfwGm;? ewf½dkUtm;udk? wdkifMum;avQmufyefxGmí?
0da'[muRef;ZrÁL? OD;wif*k½k? ynwfjyKonf? aemufpka*g,ef[lum;? av;uRef;rlt"dofrSwf?
av;&yf½ku©m? opfav;jzmudk? apmifhumoQifewfjrwf½dkU? aomif;av;&yfuRef;urÇm?
'Dyg,lusHK;? av;yg;vHk;udk? odrf;½Hk;apmifhxdrf;ygom;? ewfwumoQifa'0? ol,kwfvif;jyef?
&if&eH½dkU? wzefwdk;atmifpom;? vlAmvoif½dkUrSm? ESmacgif;em;&Guf? udk,fNcDvuf[k?
wcsufysufpD;pDomwnf;/ usdK;yJhumwdkempm;? rsm;jym;a&m*g? oif½dkUrSmvQif?
rSefpGmpJGa&mufjim;í? xvmvm;rwwfEdkif? rxdkifrx? pdwf'ku©ESifh? jrifvSqif;&Jwdkifí?
prf;vufudkif&Smr&? BuDrGcE¨m? oif½dkUrSmvnf;? rsm;pGmzD;BuD;usvQuf? oDqHk;Mu[dvDpD/
½dkao0wfwGm;? ewftrsm;udk? wdkif;Mum;avQmufqdkcsD\/ cspfouf0Dom;r,m;?
uRJEGm;aus;uRef? pyg;qefESifh? "eH&TD'*Fg;vnf;? qHk;aysmufjim;rsm;cdk;ol? A[kwEå? "g;jr½dkU?
owfMuaxmif;xk,l? zJGjymrlxdktvm;? xdyg;cE¨m? oifhum,mvnf;?
&DrSmaysmufqHk;jim;vQuf? rQdK;ygvm;vDaomcg? rD;ausmif;vdyfig;? >rDa[mufzm;½dkU?
udkufpm;owfjzwfygavmh/ oif½dkUrSmMuHrajrmuf? acsmif;BuD;oDwm? ,rkEémwGif?
em0gvSDom;arSmufodkU? oDqHk;aysmuf[dvDpD/ ur®Htopf? wzefjzpfvnf;? (------)?
ig;&m0Jvsif;vufESifh? (ayuRefw&pf? opfjzpfíom)? oifhcE¨mudk? rSefpGmaygufumcGwfvQuf?
ckwfxpfowfyg&pD/ Budrfrsm;zefzef? oif½dkUuHvnf;? tuRefvufqHk;pD[k? usdrfqdkonf
ewf½dkUtm;? wdkifMum;OD;wif? avQmufqdkusifonf? atmufcGifbHkwvTm;av;/

(5) atmufcGifwvTm;? apmifheDjim;onhf? ewfrsm;½dkUudkwdkifwef;um;? þ&yf&GmbHkwvTm;?

pdk;csKyfydkifum? apmifhxdrf;ygonf? a'0gewf½dkUtm;vnf;? xdyfwifMum;avQmufygrnf/
vlU&Gmpdk;jim;? oQifewfrsm;½dkU? rSwo
f m;&TDem;wnfavmh/ uREfkyfonfjypfqH&Sd? r[drSefpGm?
ckoHomwGif? wifumzsufvmbdom;? vl'd|diykom? [dEémoDG;om;? atmifukvm;ESifh?
ukvm;&TDvHk;omwnf;/ pH&Jabmfwvif;om;? [,m;rsdK;EG,f? iyka0um;? a&SmufazG
'Hk;ukvm;ESifh? oFcsDom;'dk;atmifa&T? vlavmif[lbd? ygwvdonf? 'd|dibda,ESifh?
oufESHa0uRefrom;? ukvm;vif;jyef? &if&eH[k? vlvGefoQrf;atmufom;ESifh? wdkUpum;
ajymrusD? [dEéDpifppf? oDatmifrdkufonf? vlnpfO*g&SDwnf;/ wdkifyifnDwefpdk;pm;?

( 363 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
q,fhajcmufa,mufvl? uRefU&efoludk? pJG,lusrf;rkom;wnf;/ rw&m;oif½dkUrSm?
r[kwfrvQm;? uREfkyftm;0,f? zsufjim;jyKjcif;&mudk? pD&ifygjrwfbk&m;/ e*g;*VKH?
wef;cdk;pHkonf? tukef&efcdkufrsm;ESifh? ckESpftdkifr[m? BuD;pGmrnfrSwf? e0'wf[k?
t&yfq,frsufESmudk? apmifhxdrf;&moQifewfrif;? tpd&0wD? ynwfnDonf?
r[Djrpfig;pif;udk? apmifheDjim;jrJruGm? a'0gyl&d? ac:wGifbdonf? rPdarcvmESifh?
jrpfoDwmyifv,facsmif;? apmifhMuyfjyKysif? tkyfxdrf;usifonf? ocifewftaygif;½dkU?
uRefU&efola[mif;½dkUudk? ESif;NzdKckwfowf? &ifudkcGwfí? vdkifjzwfwef;usifvQdKvQuf?
rsm;xdkxdkqufrjywf? oif½dkUoJtl? cspfaomoludk? iif,lcJGcGif;owfavmh/ zD;oQpfyg;
&efolom? qdkufa&mufvmoif½dkUtm;? wGdMuBuHKpD? qHk;ysuv f D[k? ewfqD wdkifwef;Mum;\/
rD;ausmif;usm;opf0H>rD? a&m*Eå&? 'kAÁdu©[k? a&mufxuyfoHk;vDvnf;? oif½dkUqDqufrjywf?
a&mufjim;vmyHk? zsm;emtHkí? tukef0ef;&HuyfvQuf? xdk;cGwfowfjzwfygvDpD/ oHk;rnfvlUb?
rkedE´udk? ½dkcavQmufwifcsD\/ þvlUNrDac:wGifí? wef;cdk;rnfau? ol&u,f[k?
qdkonfewfwrsdK;wnf;/ ½ku©pdk;ewfrsm;om? ol&ówD? aMu;pE´D[k? a'0Dewfr[mESifh?
vlUcE¨mudk,fum,? apmifhMuygonf? a'0gewf'Gg'½dkU? ½IarQmfoMunfhNyD;cg?
vufudkifxdrf;jrm;? i,fr,m;onf? oabmoif½dkUrSmvnf;? vufudkifyif&Smr&? &mZrif;rl?
odrf;zsuf,laomf? jynfoltm;BuD;&vQuf? [dvDMuvlrsm;pGm? NcdKifhavSmifiSufvm;? &DrJhig;odkU?
nd§K;yg;pdwf0DqmESifh? 0Dpd&GmarSmifwdkufxJ? oif½dkUur®H? qufrusefonf? ylyefrjywfpJGí?
jrifhMumjrJ[dvDpD/ oufoDjyKxm;? pm&GD;om;vQuf? ewftm;wdkifMum;csD\/
usdefqdkonfedrjywf? owå&bef? ar,k*ef[k? awmif&HckESpfxyfudk? apmifhwHkrSwfewfoufoD?
uRefuylyef? ckwzefrSm? q,fjyefukefvDpDwnf;/ oHk;vkqGD jrwfbk&m;? ½kyfyGg;oQifawmf?
qif;xkawmf[k? jrwf&mapwDrsm;udk? apmifhxdrf;jim;ewfwum? uRefUrSmjypfrJh? r[kwfyJhudk?
wnfhwnfhzsufqD;vmom;? vkrdpämoif½dkUtm;? aoeyfum;rSef? 0g;opfcRef[k?
'g;vSHvufeuftm;jzifh? pJGudkifjim;wHkNyD;cg? rSefpGmrysuf? tqufqufudk?
uRefUvufESifhyifomvQif? zefig;&mowf&aMumif;? ewfaygif;½dkUxH? edrusefatmif?
tuRefqk,lawmif;\/ oQifewfaygif;zsufMuyg? r[maAm"d? wkr[donf? rkedyv’ifawmfü?
jrJruGmab;&if;[yf? apmifhMuyf&Hum? xdrf;Muygonf? a'0goQifewfjrwf½dkU? Mum;odrSwf
wdkifqdkum? (-------)? tvSarmifhMuif&mESifh? ceomuJG&rnfyg/ ckqdkonfvl? uRefU&efolrSm?
cspfol[lorQESifh? uif;&vdr®nfomwnfh/ oHk;vkjrwfrGef? a[mMum;ñTefonf?
"r®Hr,Gif;ygwnf;? ajrmufa[rm&*Hkewf½dkU? wGdrSwfzsufqD;um? xD;eef;jynfom?
rif;&mZmESifh? &yf&GmNrdKUrsm;pGmudk? apmifhwHkygewfcyif;? a[r0efawmif? rsm;oHk;axmifudk?
ukefatmifpdk;ydkifvQif;om;? oQifewfrif;odygvDpD/ [dEéDrsdK;[l? uRefU&efoludk?
vkbHkuRef;&yfNrDu? ESifxkwfvD&yfwjcm;? r,m;om;nD? oifhrsdK;qGDu? awmfonf
tm;vHk;rsm;vnf;? oDqHk;jim;jyKef;wD;um? vufudkifr&? ckcewGif? BuDrGzJGESifhjymodkU?
jyKumyifrSefrcRwf? oHk;vkxGwfcsm? omoemudk? jrJpGmxHyg;uyfí? apmifheDvwfewfrsm;pGm?
pG,fawmfav;acsmif;? qHawmfwGuf&GD? udk;uk#DESifh? udk;vDoGm;awmfaygif;udk? apmifhwHkavQmif;
ewfwum? uRefawmfh&efol? xdkonfoludk? &Sm,lzrf;owfygavmh/ oif½dkUrSmpHkwck?
aumif;rIukodkvf? aemifzdkUqdkí? vdkpDtaMumif;jyKvnf;? NrDxk&GDocsFm? ESpfodef;oQpfaomif;?

( 364 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
NrDtaygif;udk? xdrf;ausmif;pdk;tkyfygom;? ewfa'0gok`E´D? tnDtñGwf? oifhvSL0wfudk?
rcRwfapmifhypfvDavmh/ rsm;pHkpDoQpfp&Gwf? oHk;vkxGwfcsm? orÁK'¨m\? jrwfpGmbk&m;"gwfudk?
apmif&HrSwfewfa'0g? 0dZÆmxdk&f&? awmatmif;Muonf? jrwfvS&aohausmf½dkU?
apmifhwHkygewfa'0? uRefU\&efol? xdkrQvludk? &Sm,lzsufMuygavmh/ ESpf&ufvADZem?
oQpfaomif;av;axmif? tapmufaqmifonf? rsm;ajrmifusrf;yDpmESifh? oHk;yHkpmyd#uwf?
av;&yfaA'if? apmifhxdrf;usifonf? rsm;zsifxdkewfjrwfudk? usdrfqdkrSwfwdkifwef;um?
Aka'¨ypö? pdaE´,sonf? vkb½dkUjrwfpGmESif?h &DpHaysmfOy*kwf? r*¾zvH? oCFmrGefudk?
tuRef½dkcwkwfí? oufoDvkyf&Sdcdk;um? [wåmpkaygif;? vufq,facsmif;udk?
aygif;íavQmufyefxGm\/ ewfwumjrwf½dkUtm;? aMumif;vQm;pdpHk? wdkifMum;ukefonf?
vkbHk&yfNrDom;av;/

(6) oHk;cGifydkifpdk;? ewfrsdK;½dkUudk&Sdcdk;um? ewfa'0grsm;odef;aomif;? &u©ompnf? &cdkifjynfodkU?

jyefvnfvm;&aMumif;udk? ewftaygif;u,fryg/ oHk;qGDvkb? rkedE´udk? ½dkcavQmufyefxGm\/
orÁK'¨goHk;vkxGwf? n§yf½dk;ESpfjzm? oGm;pG,fawmfudk? apmifhumoQifewfjrwfESifh?
oQpfp&Gwfonf oGm;awmfaygif;? qHjrwfwGuf&GD? udk;uk#Dudk? a&mufpDqkyefawmif;\/
oQpfaomif;rTD;&ifawmf? oHk;yHkrnfrSwf? yd#uwf[k? av;&yfaA'ifpmESifh? (-----)?
oQpfaomif;av;axmif? tjrifhaqmifonf? jrifhacgifapwDrsm;udk? apmifhwHkjim;ewfwum?
&u©yl&? NrdKU"n[k? Xmeudk,fhNrdKU&GmodkU? aqmifydkUygvQifwqG/ owå&bef? awmif,k*H[k?
awmif&HckESpfxyfudk? apmifhwHkvwfewfa'0g? ra[om&? 0½kPESifh? jA[®mtol&m½dkU?
vufq,fjzmpHkpGmaygif;? om;OD;bcif? rsdK;tdrfoQifESifh? wlyifpH&aMumif;udk? ewftaygif;
u,fryg?? t|0Dowd? wkr[donf? rkedjrwfig;jzmESifh? yapöumoQifAk'¨? eu©wåN*dK[fowm?
pE´&monfMu,feDvukd? OD;ESdrfcsavQmufqkdwif? ewfoGif½kyfwl? uRefUMuifolonf?
tjzLrsdK;tdrfoQifESifh? pHaysmf&TifwlwuG? ykwåpDwm? om;cspfpGmonf? oJcsm&ifoGD;vSudk?
,k,umeD&pD/ vlUqGDbk&m;? &ifhq,fyg;ESifh? EkzGm;ig;&mvDukd? wkdifwnfonfedrjywf?
rkd;xuftmum? 0wåðom0,f? plVmrked"gwfESifh? &aohjrwfxkd&f0dZÆm? awmBuD;udkrSD? wyoD[k?
a,m*Djrwf½kdUudkvnf;? awmif;yefqkdwkyf0yfpif;? ed&da,[kwkH? i&JbkHudk?
vkH;csHKydkifESdyfeif;om;? ,rrif;zkwfNydwåm? ,u©mbDvl;? arQmifajcmufyl;onf?
ewf½l;zkwfrdpämESifh? waxGtdrfapmifhewf½dkU? nDñGwfMuwkHNyD;cg? woBudK;ukwf? tuREfkyfudk?
cRwfEIwfu,frygavmh?? wkdifwef;umavQmufyefMum;? oQpfaomif;av;axmif?
ESpfjyefaqmifonf? jrifhacgifjrifhrdk&fzsm;ü? apmifheDjim;ewfwum? oDwmav;pif;?
BuD;us,fjcif;onf? tdkifrif;ckESpfjzmESifh? jrpfBuD;omoG,fig;yg;? jrpfi,fig;&m?
acsmif;v[m[k? jzmjzmjrpfi,frsm;ESifh? uRef;av;yg;BuD;r[m? i,fpGm'Dy? ESpfaxmifrQudk?
apmifhMuewfwum½dkU? uRefUudkomvQif? ckyifvQifqG? rdbXmeD? "nNrDü? rsKd;qGDxH&if;pokdU?
aqmif,lMuydkUMuyg? q,fjzmvufzsm;? a*gif;xufxm;í? wkdifMum;avQmufqkdyg\/?
&DpHaysmfe*g;rif;? tpD&0wD? ac:wGifnDonf? r[Djrpfcyif;udk? apmifheDjcif;arcvm?
yrmwlNyD;? ewforD;onf? ajymifnD;okZwmESifh? okeE´mewfarC? ol&ówD? okE´&D[k?
a'0Dewfrdr®½kdU? rdwårQulryg/ xD;eef;jynfawmf? rsm;&yf&Gmudk? pkd;wkHygoQifewfrif;?

( 365 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
tjyif;,laqmif? uREfkyfarmifudk? a&mufatmifarhxH&if;okdU? ykdUygvQif;avQmufyefxGm?
aemifvmoQpfaomif;? bk&m;avmif;ESifh? &DaMumif;udef;atmif;ygom;? &[EåmOy*kwf?
r*¾zvH? oHCmrGefudk? tuRef½kdwkwfcí? vufOD;csa*gif;wifcsD? p`E´Drmom? ESpfaumZmonf?
'dPÖm&ufwDxDudk? apmifhxdrf;NyD;ewfa'0g? a[0efokH;aqmif? vGefrsm;ajrmifonf?
jrifhacgifyAÁwudk? apmifhwkHMuewfwum? oufvkH;rQMuif? ajcmufjypfpifonf?
ewfoGifxH&if;rSmokdU? ckydkUygulnDMu? tqif;&TDwl? rsdK;tdrfolonf?tjzLarmifESrESifh?
wlwuGpHvQufom? oJcsmESpfyg;? orD;om;udk? eHyg;xm;NyD;cgrS? wkdif;&u©mudk,fhXme?
ESrESifharmif? jynfwnfaxmifí? tkdatmifr,Gif;cGbJ? eDxkdifMu&ygpD/ vuf&TDOD;xm;?
uRefavQmufjim;í? ewftm;wdkifMum;csD\/ atmuf&yfNrDbkr®pdk;? wefckd;jyif;xef?
BuD;rm;oefonf? ewfrGefydóEkd;ESifh? ½ku©pkd;ewfrsm;pGm? o'¨gBudK;ukwf? tuREfkyfukd?
cRwfEIwfu,frygavmh?? ewfajcmuf&mwkbufuif;? wefckd;jyif;xdef? tol&def[k?
a'0defxkdewfrif;ESifh? rmefewfrif;udEé&m? y&rDoGm&? ewfa'0[k? 0ó0a&momwnf;??
cspfo'¨grdwåmiS? &Sd0wfvnf;ql? þtyludk? u,f,lcRwfEIwfMuí? uRefUXmeudk,fh&yf&Gm?
Muif&moufxm;? om;r,m;ESifh? eDjim;wkdif;&u©mokdU? ykdUaqmifyguRefUudkwnf;??
jrifhrkd&fxdyfcsm? 0wÅðomu? £E´modMum;Munfhavmh?? ywfumvSnfhzvfp~uúm?
av;uRef;a&mifcsif;? puf[defjyif;onf? eDrif;ol&d,mESifh? vDa0ga,mrkd;ewfom;? yÍöcE¨m?
vlwumudk? apmifh&moQifewfrsm;½dkU? cspfoem;u,fryg/ tmumopdk;? ausmf[defUBudK;onf?
ewfrsdK;½dkUwumESifh? ewfr[majcmufbkHxGwf? jA[®mESpfq,f? r*fav;oG,fudk? apmifhay
oQifewfjrwf½dkU? nDnmMuwkHNyD;cg? ylqmqif;&J? þ0#fzD;u? cRwfíu,fwifygavmh??
om;ykwåpDw&H? tvSewfoGif? &moufMuifonf? rsdK;oQifxH&if;pokdU? ykdUMuygavQmufOD;wif?
yv’if&u©d? wkr[donf? aAm"dNydKifanmifyifü? apmifhxdrf;usif&Hcyif;? &u©*krÇmef?
wefckd;oefonf? ewfrGef*VKefrif;ESifh? wkdif;&u©mNrdKU"n? apmifhMuwkHyg? (----)?
a'0gajrmufOD;pom;? ewfq,f0&if&Juef? vufyH0oJ? wefckd;uJonf? &DxJewfjrwfrGefESifh?
wzefewfr,loQif? a,mikHrHkusm;? ausmfxif&Sm;onf? Aka'¨gZde[lom;? &maxmifrl
ewfaygif;om;? wjcm;ewfwum? okH;q,fhwbkH? apmifhMuyfwkHonf? tukefewfrsm;pGmESifh?
okH;vkcsmjrwfbk&m;? udk,fpm;wlNyD;? r[mxD;udk? OD;ESdrfxdyfxufxm;í? &SdxHyg;vufq,fjzm?
ylaZmf½dkñGwf? edrjywfvQif? wkdifrSwfavQmufqkdusifonf? okH;cGif&yfqDtm;av;??

(7) okH;cGifewftm;? OD;xdyfxm;íwkdifMum;um? ewfa'0grsm;odef;aomif;? ewfaygif;wum?

om;yrmodkU? rdwåm0DiSavmif;vQuf? ewftaygif;rif;&mZm? ppfrD;&mxkdce? qHrQifwrTm?
uREfkyfrSmvnf;? jypfomr[dMuí? rdefUawmf[vTwfNyD;cg? vGefpGmwqG? rMum&bJ?
Xmewkdif;&yf&GmokdU? jyefvm;cgtaMumif;&if;? trdefUawmfpm? uREfkyfrSmokdU? tmPm&GD;íyD;u?
jrwfav;OD;wifum? &u©ompnf? &ckdifjynfokdU? jyefvnfvm;MucgvQif?
vGef0rf;om&Tiftm;&? tvSarmifom? vSDem0gü? vQifpGmpD;wufMuí? usL;oHjrarmif;c&m?
AkHomvif;cGif;? pnfarmif;n§if;onf? omjcif;{uAsmESifh? wD;rIwfumwaomaom?
us,fvSBuD;pGm? jrpf**Fgudk? aemufrSmyg,fvSyfxm;í? &Tifaysmfyg;pm;aomufum?
aMumfjim[pf[J? woJoJonf? atmifyGJcHumumESifh? jzm;oifh&mvDoifhvkduf? ork'´&m?

( 366 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
,krkEém[k? oDwmyifv,fjrpfudk? &GufjzLwkduful;cwfum? vdIif;,ufvnf;[l? &Drsm;qlí?
OD;jzLaqmif;umumwnf;?? awmifyrmvdIif;BuD;x? urf;udkrjrif? us,f0ef;usifonf?
jrpfcGifyifv,frü? (----)? rJe,f[kqkd? pdrf;pdrf;ñdkonf? jrpfudkrJeufyg\/ MunfhcDaomf
aMumufzG,fwnf;/ ig;BuD;ig;qif? ig;ref;usifvnf;? rsm;zsiftykH[dESifh? &TifhwkHNyD;vmMucg?
&u©yl&? NrdKU"n\? a'oe,f0ifvmu? &D½dkUrSmjzLqGqG? qD;ESif;pkHpD? rdIif;rdIif;0Donf?
awmifNcDurf;em;pudk? jrifvwfMuwkHaomcg? 0rf;omtm;&? pm;aomufMuí?
vQifqGcwfvmygu? ajrikHrSmqHawmf"gwf? t0D;uyif? rdIif;rdIif;jrifaomf? uRefvQif½dkcñGwfí?
ylaZmfrSwfwHkaomcg? aomif;aomif;xdrfhql? azG;azG;jzLonf? ewfvlomxkac:\/ jzm;&Day:
&GufjzefUwkduf? ajrikH[kac:? xkduRef;armfudk? [pfaMumfvDoifhvkdufí? ywfcg&pfcwfMucg?
tif;0[lwkH? xkdoJckHudk? jzm;qkH0ifMuygí? ckH0rSmuRef;tvGwf? emrac:aqmif?
vDoQdKif;awmifudk? eHarQmifz,fc,fhvTwfvQuf? aMumfjimMucwfvmcg? ½IumarQmfvQuf?
vuf0Jzufudk? wcsufMunfhcDygu? NrdKUppfawGrSmt"dofrSwf? tmusyfawmfvQif?
ig;rnfpifonf? oQifyifbk&m;"gwfESifh? Aka'¨gewf½dkUudkom? tqif;&TDa&mif?
0if;0if;ajymifonf? arharmifjrifygvwfu? OD;ESdrfcs½dkUñGwfcg? NzD;csyfac:aqmif?
yGJMunfhawmif[k? jrifhacgifyAÁw\? aAGxdyfrtv,fay:? rkwfqdwfawmf"gwf?
oQifawmfjrwfudk? wefU&yf&Sd0,farQmfu? &SdylaZmf½dkñGwfwGm;? vuf0JzufrSm? NrdKUcsrf;omudk?
arQmfumMunfhvwfjim;u? bk&m;ausmif;apwDom? Zif;cg,lrSef;? psD;aMumif;vrf;ESifh?
qdyfurf;wef;xm;rSmvnf;? tHhzG,fom&GDr&? qkdifESifh'kuúH? tdrfAdrSmefvnf;?
MuufysHyifruswnf;?? a&mif;0,fMursm;vloQif? (----)? azG;azG;jzLonf?
jynfolrsm;AkdvfygESifh? uREfkyfompkdufysdK;jim;? uGrf;oD;tkH;yif? ydEéJyif[k? xef;yifo&ufrsm;ESifh?
vGefqef;jym;opfwum? AdrSmefomarm? O,smOfawmudk? xif&Sm;jrifvwfygu? &Tif0rf;om
vGeftm;&? Xme&yf&Gm? NrdKUcsrf;omonf? tdrfrSmqkdufa&mufMu\/ ausmufcsMu wkHNyD;cg?
tvsifwqG? armiftvSum;? csD<uwufvwfygvQuf? arhxHrSm a&mufvwfu? ESrcspfpGm?
armifhMuif&monf? olZmraemfrokdU? ½kdwkwfuGarmifhxHrSm? xkdifMu0ef;½kH? NcDawmfckHukd?
,lwkHukdifrygvQuf? a*gif;xufrSm,Sufwifxm;? 0wfwGm;½kdao? uefawmhayonf?
½IzG,fewfrjym;wnf;?? jzLñGwfwGm;qif;uvsm? qD;vdyfuGrf;,m? tjzmjzmudk?
xkdcgyD;urf;vmí? uREfkyfrSmvlcspf&D;? ESrolZm? vSuvsmu? &TD&ifusL;írGD;om;? cspfom;BuD;
armif&Jabmf? MumZHorD;? ½IrNiD;½dkU? vsifNyD;ckefumvmí? rGD;bomxH&if;yg;? cspfoJ[lonf?
om;ESpfaxG½dkU? zufvkdifqGJvmjim;\/ rsdK;qGD0g;nmwdum? jynfom;&Gmol? azG;azG;jzLrQ?
oQifvlrsm;wumvnf;? a&mufayvmarmifup? ykwD;rdwåm? bm0emudk?
rsm;pGmoGef;avmif;Muí? OD;vQifcsuefawmhcg? tzl;vufaqmif? odef;aomif;axmif[k?
rsm;ajrmifyD;qufvm\/ ewfMoZmcsdKr,Gif;? rTD;jcif;BudKifpGm? t&omonf? *PSmEkdUxrif;[k?
ig;[if;rsm;wum? rsm;pGmcsufNyD;? om;orD;ESifh? rnD;0ef;&HumvQuf? pm;aomufcg
waomaom? azmfrsm;jcH&H? aysmfjrL;pHonf? arhxHawmf&if;yg;av;??

(8) ok0PÖyl&? t,kZÆonf&r®mom? wkdif;&u©mNrdKU"n? Ak'¨av;ql? yGifhawmfrlonf?

vG,fulAsm'dwf&om;? *päye'D? &SdqDtaemufzufü? xD;eef;qufonf? rysuftvDvDwnf;??

( 367 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jynfyl&Drnfork'f? a'G;'o[m? NrdKUESpf&mwGif? rSefpGmESpfrsdK;[kwfom;? wnfaxmifvkyf
xkdpkdifcg? ppfawGa'o? e*&[k? &u©wkdif;&yf&Gmü? vlrsm;pGm&Tifaysmfyg;? NrdKUuppfawG?
wkdif;&yfjynfwGif? MuifoG,fi,farsmufom;ESifh? wlaysmfyg;armifESHpkH? &ifoGD;oJMum;?
orD;om;udk? &Gufjim;csDrdk;½kHí? ovGefbkHanmifapmif;xuf? eDvQufom&Tif? qGJ&pfMuifonf?
ykHoGifiSuf[oFmokdU? vGefESpfouf½dkUESpfjzm? oJcsm[lNyD;? om;tBuD;udk? &nfrSD;edAÁmefiSmvQif?
oHo&mzkdUtaMumif;? oQifomraP? jyKwHkayonf? rsm;axGvlodef;aomif;ESifh/ oCFmaygif;
vlrsm;zsif? Munfvif&Tifvef;? &Dpifjzef;í? xl;qef;obifqifvQuf? wD;rIwfusif
waomif;aomif;? pnfarmif;c&m? aAm'kAÁmonf? oHomwanmif;anmif;ESifh?
qGrf;avmif;vSL'gef;um? uRefUrSmoufpk? om;armifykudk? oQifjyKyD;vSLygu? ewfwum
oQifvlrsm;? aumif;csD;aysmfaysmf? omxkac:onf? ESHUausmfwkdif;vkH;Mum;\/ &Tifaysmfyg;
vGef0rf;om? rdwåmqyGm;? &yfvkH;om;½dkU? oem;*½kPmESifh? ½kdñGwfcg½dkUESpfyg;? csD<uvufukdif?
eHcsif;,SOfí? wlNydKifrjywfvm;vQuf? O,smOfawmvSnfhvnfum? &mrcs&m;? yef;pHum;onf?
qyfoGm;ZDo0gESifh? <uufem;omyef;xif&Sm;? a'getD;vdIif? rTD;ysHUBudKifonf?
oD;ckdifyef;rsm;pGmudk? &GD;cs,fjim;BudKuf&m&m? armifomudkifñGwf? aruqGwfí?
rjywfedwkdif;omvQif? ukH;oDumwlwuG? ESrESifharmif? cspfyef;aqmifí? OD;aoQmifa*gif;
jynfhrQvQuf? zvSJumaqmif;vQufom;? bkHñdkanmif;apmif;? ovGefaumif;rSm?
vJavQmif;wlpkHomvQif? azmfrsm;pGmjcH&HMu? aZ,sr*FvH? atmifyGJcHonf? AkHoHwjrjrESifh?
qif0wfMuwlwef;qm? Muif&moufxm;? om;r,m;ESifh? aysmfyg;eDjcif;&mudk?
NrdKU&r®muRef;arc? 'Gg&0wD? ig;tifnDonf? yl&DNrdKU"n[k? wkdif;&u©udk,fh&yf&Gm?
aMumfjimowif;? jynfvkH;csif;onf? r<uif;Mum;ESHUyg\/ NrdKUcsrf;ome*g&? eDMuygonf?
vSL'g&Sdyknav;??

(9) yknvSLaqmif? arESifharmifonftkdatmifom? qHwrTmr,Gif;cG? om;vSoJcsm?

cspfvSpGmudk? &SduoHo&mwnf;/ csDvm;MuMuHpnfum? &xm;qifjrif;? ,mOfcyif;udk?
pD;eif;aqmif,lygí? armifhMuif&moufvkH;rQ? ajcmufjypfvGwfpif? ewftoGifokdU?
ig;tifnDñGwfvSom;? tocewfraemf? olZmrjym;? yrmvm;okdU? EkxGm;qif;½kyf0gwnf;??
aroJcsmi,farsmufom;? vufzsm;ukdif,l? csD<uxlí? twleHyg;xm;vQuf?
orD;om;yGm;rsm;pGm? 0ef;umjcH&H? azmifvSDysHESifh? vQifjrefpD;wufygí? wl&d,m
pnfapmif;n§if;? omjcif;uAsm? armif;'kyÜgESifh? c&mAkHvif;cGif;udk? nHruif;wD;rIwfum?
e'Drnf&? *päyudk? qef<ucwfvm;ygu? vuf0JrSmqwf½kd;us? rif;ukefyvD? uRef;iNyDudk?
aemufqDyg,fvGefcí? okH;vkbjrwfrGDawmf? OD;&pfawmf"gwf? apwDjrwfudk?
w&yf&Sd0,farQmfum? &SdylaZmf½kdñGwfc? jzm;vnf;wufaxG? vDoifhayí? cwfavwkHNyD;rSvQif?
&yfa'ojym;uRef;om? vufyHjym;armf? uRef;ca&mf[k? [pfatmfaomif;aomif;jimí?
armif;c&mAHkvif;cGif;? omjcif;{oH? wD;rIwfjyefonf? &TDusHvSD0if;0if;ESifh? vSDwufjcif;
qkdumum? 0rf;omaysmfyg;? >cD&Hrsm;ESif?h aomufpm;wufvm;ygu? vuf0JrSm ukvm;ykef;?
uRef;vkH;ywfvGef? &GmqifjcHudk? usL;vGefyg,fc,fhwkHrS? wtkH;tkH;cwfMucg? oli,fawmfuRef;?
uRJjcHurf;udk? ajzmifhwef;cwfvm;ygvQuf? rif;uefom 0ifvDajrmuf? pdrf;jrñdka&mif?

( 368 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ig;cl;awmifudk? arharmifedcsif;a&mufu? yef;aygufayguf pGJudkifum? Muif&marsmufom;?
i,fr,m;ESifh? csD<uwufvm;ygu? jrwfoQifawmfig;cl"gwf? rsm;rsm;ruGm? wwkdifomwGif?
yg;awmfapwDjrwfudk? ylaZmfñGwfwHkNyD;cg? aovmwavQmuf? jzm;&Da&mufaomf?
0rf;ajrmuf&TifjrL;umESifh? &DxJome'Djrpf? ul;vkdufcwfum? &SdjyKyÜg0,f? uRef;rSmXmejzpfom;?
[kwfpifppf,k*Hacsmif? usdef;awmifñdkñdk? &Tef;pdkdpkdonf? rdkrdkxGwfjrifhacgifü? okH;vkabmif
EdIif;wkvGwf? "r®obif? usdef;awmf&Sifonf? oQifyifapwDjrwfudk? arQmfjrifvwfwkHaomcg?
o'¨gyDwd? *Grf;qDxdokdU? yDbdjrifMucgrS? ½dkUESpfjzmarmifESr? [wåq,fjzm? y'kHMumudk?
a*gif;rSmwifxm;MuvQuf? OD;ESdrfcs½kdñGwfum? uRef;omvSDxuf? jrpfwzufu?
ESpfouf&SdylaZmfí? wD;rIwfum>cD&Haygif;? a'oXmeD? usufo&D[k? &GmNrDxdkonfacsmif;udk?
waomif;aomif;[pfaMumfjim? vQifpGmcwfajrmuf? tdrfawmfa&mufu? acsmufacsmuf
uRef;vkH;ausmf\/ &Tif0rf;omoQifvlrsm;? qGDom;nmwum? armifhxHrSmü?
rsm;pGma&mufvmjim;í? oGef;avmif;csbm0em? rdwåmajzmifhrSwf? ½dkcñGwfvQuf?
vkyf0yf&Sdckd;vm\/ zl;b@mqufoGif;Mu? 'ge'DeH? edrusefatmif? nHnHatmifyGJjyvQuf?
jynfhpkHxig;tifnD? 0wåðrnfrSef;? usdef;NrdKUuRef;0,f? rD;yef;rsm;pkHpDudk? MunfhwkHNyDarmifESr?
eDMuygonf? usdef;omem*&av;??

(10) e*&yl&H? awmif,k*efonfaemufrSefom? xkd&yf&Gmusdef;a'o? pdrf;jrñdka&mif?

udsef;jrifhawmifonf? jrifhacgifyAÁwudk? MunfhcDMuwkHaomcg? MoZme&GJ? yifydEéJESifh?
carmif;axmufMum? awmAvmonf? zmvmopfrSifawmif;ESifh? Muaomif;0g;Mucwfom?
rnif;rSif;ul? oD;yGifh[lonf? xef;rlydwåumwnf;?? e`E´myifarsmufvIyf? opfykwfEG,fcsKd?
Zmwdzkd[k? a&SmufcsdKcsOfojyKwfESifh? opfcvkwfvufyHom? wrm&ifcwf? opfu0wfonf?
oyGwfoHz&mwnf;?? rusnf;om;tkH;avn§if;? 'l;&if;oNyD? yifanmif&DESifh? rsm;xDG
opftnif;wnf;/ opfyifcsif;pkdifumum? opfuepkd;? opfuwkd;[k? &J½kd;ydawmufrSmvnf;?
yGifhikHtmvGefqef;jym;? oQoQm;NydKif;pif? NydKif;uef;usif[k? yDyifozef;rsm;ESifh? yifaqmif;&Sm;
oD;csdKcsOf? anmifcsOfaAmxD;? csdKvStD;onf? "ed&DtkH;pom;/ toD;ckdif tvGefvS?
0&pfvGefyif? eysdK;yif[k? ac:wGif0csdKifhpom;? csdKtD;jroD;wum? oD;uyGm;ykH? yifrsdK;pkHonf?
&*kHyyÁwwnf;/ ½IcDaomfpm;zG,fwnf;? yGifhoD;wum? yif½dkUrSmvnf;? ,SOfumtukefn§dokdU?
oD;yGifhjzmjzm? &moDOwk? csdefudkvkí? arQmf½IriHhygwnf;?? okH;vkcsmjrwfbk&m;?
udk,fpm;"gwfvQif? usdef;awmf&Sifonf? oQifyifwef;ckd;tm;aMumifh? oD;yGifhjim;yifwum?
olawmftavmif;? eDzG,faumif;onf? csrf;aqmif;&dyfom,mESifh? rsdK;av;jzmoQifvlrsm;?
a&mufjim;aysmf&Tif? ukd,fh&yfcGifukd? jyefcsifyifr[djim;wnf;/ vGefqef;jym;rsm;oQifvl?
&DrlaomufcsdK;? tD;jrEkd;onf? oDG;½kd;EkdUESifhwl\/ EIdif;ckdif;,l*E¨AÁ? pdwå&auvm? ukodEém[k?
yrm,Gif;cGwnf;/ &Tifvef;Muvlwum? yef;eHUomvdrf;usHjim;? 0wfpm;wef;qm?
BudKufonfhiSmudk? ,lumqif0wfpm;í? vifr,m;armifESHpkH? om;ESifhorD;? cspfrnD;udk?
ayGUNyD;csD&GufwkHvQuf? rsm;AkdvfykHwaomaom? vSDyGJusifusif? aysmfrIqifonf?
obifvufyGJrsm;udk? ½IMunfhjim;wkHaomcg? ydawmufyef;rSmef? xD;wef;cGefESifh? ausmif;uef
vm;MuygvQuf? vlrsm;zsif&Dupm;? aomif;uRef;ZrÁL? jr&dyfil0,f? xdrfq h lausmfESUHMum;\/

( 369 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
zsKd;<u,fyGm;&wem? vkd&morQ? csifwkdif;&onf? rmC0wÅðomokdU? jynfhpkHpGmvGefqef;jym;?
ajrmufcGif&ifrSm? ya'omwGif? qGwfum,lípm;okdU? &Tifaysmfyg;usdef;NrdKUNrD? bkrd®eufoef?
NrDrsKd;rSefonf? *grHusufo&DESifh? rsKd;MuifqGDartvS? ESrcspfpGm? qif;uvsmESifh?
vSL'gyD;pGefUiSvQuf? aemufyknaemifoHom? qHrTmrjym;? wlESpfyg;onf? jzpfjim;&vkdyg[k?
orÁK'¨gpdaE´,s? vlUbcspfoQif? usdef;awmf&Sifonf? "gwfvQif&Sdrk'f0ü? OD;ESdrfcsyef;yGifhwif?
Munfvif&Tifvef;? &TDouFef;udk? &ufuef;uyfvSLusifvQuf? edwkdif;yif&ufrjywf? 'geukokdvf?
r*fzkdvfvkdí? MunfñdktvSL0wfukd? yD;apmifhrSwfarmifESHpkH? &yfbkHe*&? usdef;a'o0,f?
okcvGefyGg;ykHESifh? aysmf&TifwkHarmifESr? eDMuygonf? &yf&Gmukd,fhXmeav;??

(11) Xmeusufo&D? usdef;NrdKUNrDonftHhbG,fom? nmwdumrdESifhb? tvSewfoGif?

&moufMuifonf? ,if;wGifzGm;ajrmfMu\?? xkda'oawmifudkay? uRefUrSmoufxm;?
i,farsmufom;ESifh? csDvm;Munfhvnfygu? tHhMozG,fvGefqef;jym;? oD;um;yGm;ykH?
yef;rsKd;pkHonf? &*kHxkdawmifzsm;ü? qyfoGm;zl;ta0,m? BudKifpGmusuf½kH;? oD;arQmfukH;onf?
*rkH;BudKiftD;pGmESifh? yef;aemfemyef;xif&Sm;? uGrf;zJqif;0D? ikH;&TDyef;cs&m;ESifh? yef;a'ge
csyfw&m? c0gxkdyef;? yGifheDvGef;onf? acguf&rf;ZDo0gESifh? yef;&TDMumrkd;pDyef;? ESif;yef;o&zD?
aZmf*sDonfyef;pHum;? yef;a'geonf? xl;pGaumufp&DESifh? yef;ESif;ZDt*F&if;? ykef;n§if;&TDwl?
rOÆLyef;cyif;½dkU? tyifcsif;rSDumum? &rmikH;yef;? BudKiftD;csrf;onf? rTD;vGef;pvwåmESifh?
yifjrifhrSmoZifyef;? NrdKifyef;vnf;[l? rtln§mpdrf;yef;wnf;?? aygufyef;yGifhjzLteD? pkHpdr½kd;?
yef;wrsdK;onf? rnd§K;yGifh0D0DESifh? MumeDonfyef;jrpfukdif;? yifwkdif;omMunf? yef;py,f[k?
yGifhonfjzLrdIif;rdIif;wnf;/ yef;jrifwkdif;½IzG,fom? r[mavSu? jrwfav;ponf?
jzLqGy'kHMumESifh? <uufem;omyef;c0J? yef;&if;rsm;[l? rTD;ysHUMuLonf?
MumjzLpG,fawmfyef;wnf;? yGifhvef;vef;yifwum? oJawmf&ifcwf? opfu0wfESifh?
yef;jrwfykef;n§ufomwnf;/ oif;ykef;ac:BudKiftD;tD;? rk*¾goeD? vSrsdK;nDonf?
'ef;nDyifcsif;pD;í? yGifhwkHNyD;½IzG,fom? MumykPÖ&dwf? MumwHqdwfonf?
vQHNrdwfa&mif0if;0gESifh? ql;yef;omMumacgif;avmif;? yef;aumif;ac:qkd? atmufrJñdk[k?
ac:qkdxkdyef;aygif;½dkU? yGifhwkHaoQmif;pdrf;ñdkjym? &Trf;&Trf;pkdonf? ESpfvkd½IzG,fomwnf;/
&JeDpGmawmifMuufarmuf? yGifhajrmufwkHyg? yef;wumonf? csdefcgOwka&mufu? jynf&Gmrsm;
tD;BudKifBudKif? *Ekdifomarm? usdef;awmifawm0,f? zsifyGm;cufcsif;qdkifí? yifcsif;½kdif&GDr&?
yGifhMursm;pGm? awmifjrwfomü? ocsFmteEåwnf;/ ukH;oDxm;enf;twl? &moDajymif;<u?
csdefumv[k? rmotm;udk,lí? yGifhMurlxkdawmifyg;? ruGmwlNydKif? eHcsif;,SOfvQuf?
ñTwfukdifqGwf,ljim;í? jrwfbk&m;usdef;awmfoQif? oQifyifAk'¨? xH&if;conf?
*l0xJokdU0ifvQuf? a*gif;xufwif½kdwkwfuG? yknurÇm? aemifoHom0,f?
usifvnf&m&mb0ü? wlwuGarmifESHpkH vlUbHkewf&Gm? qufrsm;pGm0,f? csrf;omokcbHkESifh?
pHMuwkHarmifESr? jzpf&ygvkd? pdwfMunfñdkjzifh? yefqkdqkawmif;Muí? &DpufcswkHNyD;cg?
oufoDjyKxm;? ewf½dkUtm;vQif? wkdifMum;jyKc,fhygrS? jcH&Humazmf&DGrsm;? oefvsm;xrf;pif?
jrif;ESifhqifudk? ,mOf&SifpD;wufjim;í? &Tifaysmfyg;wD;rIwfum? Xme&nfrSef? tdrfAdrSmefokdU?
vSnfhjyefvmvwfygvQuf? qkdufa&mufcg&Gm*gr? aysmfyJGobif? yGJBuD;qifí?

( 370 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
edyifruif;Muwnf;/ 0oEåypöKefvGef? oDvapmifhrSwf? 0gvuRwfonf?
qef;xa&mufvwfjyefu? xD;wef;cGefrkav;yGg;? bk&m;vufaqmif? xrif;axmifESifh?
rsm;ajrmiftjzmjzmudk? ukdif,ljim;vmaomcg? i,fvifr,m;? orD;om;ESifh? 0wfpm;qif
,ifygí? wlpkHom&Tifaysmfyg;? w&m;ukokdvf? qnf;yl;vkdí? MunfñdkvGefqyGm;um?
qDrD;wef;aqmif? okH;vkabmif0,f? ajymifajymifn§dxGef;ygvQuf? omxkac:0gvnf;uRwf?
{oHoDum? vomomwGif? aMumfjimvufckyfcwfí? nOfhvkH;jywf rtdyfyg? oQifvltrsm;?
usdef;NrdKUom;½dkU? aomaom½k½kqmvQuf? wl&d,m toG,foG,f? aAm>yDvif;cGif;?
pnfarmif;n§if;ukd? wD;jcif;tHhMozG,fwnf;/ &ckdifjynftv,fqdyf? pdrf;jrñdka&mif?
usdef;jrifhawmif0,f? "gwfa&mifvsHNrdwfNrdwfESifh? jynfrGefqdyf&dyfom,m? olawmfolaumif;?
oljrwfavmif;½dkU? udef;atmif;rGdaysmfygom;? usdef;NrdKU&Gmusdef;a'o? emr*grSD? usufo&D[k?
atmifNrDwkdif;&u©mwnf;? xkdXmersm;oQifvl? qmyluif;aysmuf? csrf;oma&mufonf?
pJGajrmufoDv,lí? uREfkyfrlarmifESr? jynfhvSig;tif? vGefrsm;zsifonf? vkdcsifwwkdif;&í?
wlwuGjrL;&TifpH? ovGefbkHxJ? vkdifcsif;wJGí? &pfETJ&moufESHESifh? wyGifhqHr,Gif;cG?
tvSMuif&m? arcspfpGmESifh? cspfcifMuwlruGm? oJcsmESpfyg;? orD;om;ESifh?
aysmfyg;eDMuygonf? NrdKU&Gmusdef;a'orSmwnf;av;/

r[m0d[ðu &cdkif&mZ0ifvuFm
('Gg&m0wD vrkacsmif;q&mausmfrJ)

earmwó b*0awm tm&[awm or®morÁK'¨ówd

(1) aZ,sHatmifxGef;? þawmifuRef;ü? OD;pGef;vkxGwf? oHk;vkewfvQif? udk;&yfe0*kPf?

xufatmufcsHKí? qefwHkwufvSpf? Zmwdacwf[k? pifppfwnfavQmif;? wdkufwaomif;udk?
vif;aMumif;xGef;vQH? nmPfawmfoefom;? q&Hodawmf? ajcmufa&mifausmfonf?
oQifawmfvkaqG? orÁKa'¨udk? NzdK;a0yefqif? OD;xdyfwifvQuf? oHk;cGifvkb? rkedE´\?
a[mx"r®u©ef? w&m;rSefudk? rusefvHk;csHK? ylaZmfukrfí? Munf,Hkapwem? jyKukrfyg\/
r*¾zv? oCFmponfh? yGm;jynfhrsm;pGm? t&d,mom0g? &[EÅmudk? o*g&a0? 0E´dawjzifh?
BuD;axG*½kP? rdESifhbudk? xyfumyefxGm? &Sdcdk;yg\/ i,fcgoifx? q&mpom;? rsm;vSy@d?
ynm[dtm;? OD;&SdMunfEl;? ylaZmfusL;rS? ay:OD;uRef;csm? þurÇmxuf? &u©yl&? rnfemrjzifh?
"n0wD? av;XmeDESifh? þ&cdkifjynf? wdkif;&yfpnfü? jzpfonfxif&Sm;? rif;trsm;tm;?
rSwfom;pDcsif? &mZ0ifudk? qifoG,fed'gef;? vuFmñTef;tHh? &[ef;ykPÖm;? rsdK;av;yg;½dkU?
oifMum;pdrfhiSm? xkwfqdkrSmonf? aemifvmvl½dkUwwfvdrfhwnf;/

(2) wwfvdrfhaomol? rSwfpdrfh,lí? aemifrly@d? odukrfbdavmh/ t*¾dO'? 0gwy[k?

avmuoHk;yg;? ysufzefrsm;vQuf? wjcm;rSefvS? awaZmwjzifh? yXroHk;&Gm? rdk;jA[®m\?
bHkomwdkif;atmif? rD;jzifhaqmifí? avmifaomtcg? owå0g½dkU? Mur®mzefaxG? rdk;BuD;apGí?

( 371 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
uka#wodef;? ausmfvGef[def;vQuf? &Dudef;pMumVm? ay:aomcgü? pdkifumbkef;aumif;?
&GDwGufavQmif;u? taygif;½ly? aomVówGif? emrynwf? tw¦KyÜwfjzifh? OyÜg'fwifjy?
jzpfukrfMuaomf? ur®£'¨d? wefcdk;[dí? rsm;bdudk,fa&mif? wajymifajymifvQif?
rdkufarSmifaysmufuG,f? aumif;cifv,fü? iSufES,f0JysH? uGefUjrL;pH\/ rdk;,HxufrS?
oufvmusrl? &GDwGufr,Gef;? ocFsmrSef;aomf? ajcmufoef;oHk;odef;? rSefr,drf;vQif?
wGufudef;jA[®m? a&mufukefvm\/ 'Dygpwk? uRef;av;ck0,f? ac:rIwGifnD?
vuf,meDonf? oNyDZrÁL? ig;qlvSvS? ukrk'´udk? qGwfMuvQifpGm? ,lNyD;cgrS? jA[®mouf&Snf?
Zmenfonf½dkU? rSwf&nfukefMu? þuyÜum;? Ak'¨ig;ql? yGifhawmfrltHh/ ,lwHkerdwf?
Mwif;wdwfjzifh? wHqdyfcwfum? bJGUemrmrl? r[mb'´? urÇmr[k? rSnfhMuNyD;cg? rdk;&yfcsmodkU?
xGufcGgvHk;csHK? jyefvQif;ukrfonf? vkbHkXmejzpfpdrfhwnf;/

(3) jzpfpdrfhXme? tmbó[k? rdk;0bHkrS? oufvmusonf? ur®Owum? Mobmou?

OwkZ[k? wdu©£ód? trnf[dom;? ac:bdwGifajrmuf? ta&mifawmufonfh?
av;a,mufjA[®m? uRef;'Dygudk? av;jzm0Dpk? tydkifjyKí? BuD;xkrSefpGm? NrDMoZmESifh?
&omEG,fcsdK? qdrfhrsdK;udkvQif? ESpfvdkaomwd? jzpfjyefbdí? omvdywå? vG&G&Gudk?
pm;Muaomftm;? &efrufyGm;í? udk,fom;a&mif0g? [daomcgü? urÇmOD;ol?
arSmifrdkufxlvQuf? tltlaomif;aomif;? vif;qkawmif;aomf? vlaygif;ykn? ukovaMumifh?
ouú&mZm? owådom[k? OD;pGmwnfrS? waygif;vonf? jynfhxwdxD? ykPÖrD0,f? aom&D'd0g?
edjrwfpGmü? &wåd,mac:? oef;acgifausmfí? pGef;ay:cgrSD? w&D&Donf? tnDa&mufu?
xdkumvü? ol&d,pE´m? Mu,fwm&m½dkU? ay:vmxGef;wuf? wNydKifeufvQif? jyufjyufxifí?
aumif;cifxufu? oufusifMurl? &Tifyom,m? [daomcgü? jA[®mav;yg;?
avmbtm;aMumifh? trsm;pnf;a0;? uGyftkyfuJaomf? cyJrsm;vl? urÇmol½dkU? jiif;rlouef?
rvGwfjyefbJ? {uefrku©ß? eDukrf&onf? jcif;xrusefESpfodrfhwnf;/

(4) ESpfodrfhrusef? cdkuf&efylqm? jzpfMu&mwGif? jA[®mtbof? o&ewf½dkU?

a&mufvwfaomcg? vkcE¨mvQif? e0gtopf? trSefjzpf\/ jyKvpfr,Gef;? wGufppfxGef;aomf?
wuRef;udk;a,muf?
qdkukrfajrmuf\/ taxmufoifhBudef? £wdvdifESifh? ykv’difay:u? oH0goonf?
aygif;MujyKajrmuf? a'G;pHka&mufí? av;a,mufjA[®m? rsdK;av;jzm[k? rnfomcHMu?
jyKNyD;rSvQif? vSyom,m? NrdKUrsm;pGmudk? ukom0wD? jynfyl&Dü? tnDtnm? wnfukrfyg\/
opömyGifhxef? uuúKoH[k? bkef;vQHtavmif;? ewfrif;aumif;vQif? vQifaMumif;rMum?
oufwHkvmí? usifh&mpHkpD? yg&rDudk? tnDrSefpGm? jznfhtHhiSm[k? a&mufvmjzpfx? yk&do½dkU?
&mZbdao? cHwHkayrS? nmPfa0orÇm? bkef;awZmESifh? r[morw? ac:wGifMucsifh/
jrwfvS&aoh? usifhcsrf;ajrhpGm? jzpfonfhtm;jzifh? wyg;aomol? &aohrlí? vl[lopfyif?
jzpfaMumif;xifESifh? ac:wGifowå0g? rnfa&rSmudk? urÇmapmifhewf? &aohjrwfu?
a[m&yfom,m? qdkukrfyg\/ tcgumv? [lorQvnf;? 0&blywd? ac:wGifbdom;?
rif;[dwdkif;abmif? odMum;aqmifí? xdkUaemifwzef? psmefESifhysHonf? *0rÜwd?

( 372 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ax&fbkef;[dvQif? £odoQpfaomif;? av;axmifaygif;ESifh? usrf;a[mif;aA'if?
vSnfhvnfysifum? rsm;zsifoltm;? usdK;pD;yGg;udk? vQifvsm;aqmifaxG? ESpf&GDayaomf?
uka#udk;oef;? ruxGef;wnf;? r,Gef;vSnfhvnf? vkoufayum;? udk;uka#oMupf?
jrifhMumjzpfonf? ausmfvSpfrif;ES,foufa&mufwnf;/

(5) oufa&mufrif;ES,f? xdkcg0,fü? bkef;<u,forÇm? rif;om;vQmrl? r[mblywd?

jzpfwHkbdí? EG,f[dpdkifvm? onfaemufrSmum;? oJcsmblywd? jzpfwHkbd\/ xGef;nD;omvS?
BuD;awZjzifh? 0&blywd? pdk;tkyfNyD;cg? bkef;[drif;vS? ok0PÖESifh? 0&ok0PÖ? awZeu?
0&awZem? qufjyefvm\/ rnfomac:axG? okE¨a&wGif? zGm;ayrsufESm? jrifwHkygom;?
Ouú&mZfEG,f? om;ykawåudk? ra[o&m? ewfa'0g\? oJcsmpHoD;? cspforD;[k?
xGef;nD;a&mifjr? emr&rl? ok0PÖorÇm? ESifhoifh&m0,f? awZmBuD;bd? wefcdk;[donfh?
orkwåda'0? om;awmfvSudk? zGm;xNyD;aomf? y&rDoGm? ewf&mZm\? pdwmorD;?
xdefnD;omvS? ok*E¨uvsm? rda'0gESifh? Cm&m0go? tdrfaxmifcs rsm;vSjcHa&G?
rif;jyKayaomf? ra[o&m? ewfjrwfpGmESifh? awZmxGef;bd? BuD;£'¨djzifh? y&rDoGm?
ESpfa,mufvmí? 'Gg&m0wD? NrdKUodif*Dudk? pHknDjynfhx? orkwfcsum? "n0wD? a0omvD[k?
ac:nDxifay:? [dk;[dk;ausmfom;? NrdKUawmf&r®m? yl&mponf? Xmeompnf? av;NrdKUwnf\/
ywfvnfwcsdKU? av;axmif½dkUum;? &mudk;q,fhoQpf? jzpfwHkvSpfum? wvSpfjyifNrdKU?
av;axmif½dkUudk? vkyfzdkUewfrsm;? a&mufvmtm;onf? rif;zsm;bkef;awmfawmufxGef;wnf;/

(6) xGef;awmufbkef;awmf? wefcdk;ausmfom;? NydKifabmfrJhjim;? &efrsdK;,Sm;onf?

rif;zsm;blygv? om;awmfvSum;? 0&blygv? e&dE´wnf;/ 0&e&dE´m? pdk;jyefvmrl?
orÇm&ifxdef? csrf;&dyfNidrfNyD;? r[dywd? qufjyefbd\/ bkr®dwGifx? om;rif;vSrl?
0&bkr®daZ,s? rif;jrwfvSwnf;/ £0avmum? þvk&Gmü? urÇmapmifhewf? &aohjrwf½dkU?
rdefUvwfoa&m? azmfxkwfa[m\/ cwåda,mwd? trnf[dom;? bkr®dygvm? pdkifqufumjzifh?
e&'dyÜ? e&dE´[k? ac:xxif&Sm;? av;rnftm;udk? rSwfom;rku©ß? cHukefMuvQuf? &Sdursm;pGm?
rif;wum½dkU? 'd|mEk*¾wd? tp[dom;? usifhbdw&m;? oifqdkMum;rS? wdkif;um;jynf&Gm?
cGefb@mrl? w&Gmwck? aumuf,lrIjzifh? jyKpkauRrGD;? om;NrD;toGif? cspfMucifvQuf?
usifhpifw&m;? q,fyg;tm;udk? rrSm;apmifha,Smuf? jzpfwHkajrmuf\/ xdkaemufrSvQif?
bdaZÆmo&? rif;jyKuvnf;? jrwfvSax&fysH? wef;cdk;xefonf? *0rÜwd? psmef£'¨djzifh?
£odoQpfaomif;? av;axmifaygif;ESifh? ewfaumif;pE´D? okE´&D[k? y&rDoGm? wwfynmESifh?
0dZÆma*smf*sD? usrf;Am[Djzifh? yg'fADZem? jyefc&mvQif? ydómpdkufarSmif;? vkyfwHkavQmif;\/
taygif;od&pf? aumif;jcif;jzpfonf? vufopft*Fkavm? eef;ra,mwnf;/ jyefUajymxdkrS?
em*&[k? NrdKUjyypöif? xdkrif;wGifum;? owif;nmBuD? uRef;oNyDü? okE¨&Dewf?
ac:wGifrSwfom;? jrwfrdbk&m;? wGifqyGm;onf? rif;om;wusdwfajcmufa,mufwnf;/

(7) wusdwfajcmufa,muf? rif;om;ajrmufwGif? ausmfacsmuf0SefU0SefU? uRef;vHk;ESHUod?

orkwåda'0? om;awmfvSudk? &r®0wD? yD;ESif;vD\/ odif*Da&mifvQyf? jA[®'wftm;?

( 373 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
rnfrSwfatmifcsm? jynfom,mrl? Am&mPoD? yD;wHkvD\/ ac:nDwGifbd? orm"dtm;?
ESHUodaMumfjim? xif&Sm;pGmonf? uko0wD? jynfyl&Dwnf;/ aemifnDxGef;vSm? rif;om;rSmum;?
or0wå? jynfyl&rl? omvSe*dk&f? &mZN*dK[fwnf;/ bkef;ysdKxGef;y? orÇ0um;? jynfrdwdvm/
om"emum;? t,kZÆyl&? pdk;ydkifo\/ ok0PÖwGifbd? om;bkef;[dum;? [wdAv/ ok'¨d,rl?
tZÆ&0wD? jynfyl&Dudk? pdk;NyD;tkyfx? olbm0rl? {upu©K? rSwfMujyKavmh/ ysdKEk&, G fvS?
ok*E¨vnf;? pdk;&tnD? aumorÇDwnf;/ xdkNyD;rSefpGm? zv0gum;? *E¨maumpä/ t|&rl?
ac:MuAdkvfvl? odESHU[lonf? &mZjynfom/ oÍöbmum;? prÜme*&/ olbm0rl? wuúoDvm/
rE´yÜgvnf;? ukoEém&/ ol&E´um;? owådvwnf;/ &GDxwHkajrmuf? wusdwfajcmufudk?
wa,mufwjynf? yD;Muonfwnf;/ ywfvnf0ef;vSnfh? &GDwGufc,fhaomf? oQpfq,fhig;oG,f?
NrdKU½dkU0,fESifh? aygif;vG,faZX? a&maESmMuaomf? w&mhwNrdKU? tifrcsdKUonf? rif;½dkUjynf&Gm
wnfajrmufwnf;/

(8) wnfajrmufxdkodkU? om;rsm;½dkUwGif? jynfNrdKUt&m? aysmfzG,fomonf? &r®m0wD?

jynfodif*Dudk? ac:nDwGifbd? trnf[dom;? orkwåda'0? &mZn[k? rif;vSom;BuD;?
aqmif;&TDxD;ESifh? pdk;NyD;xdkcg?bkr®dygv? ausmfvQufjyaomf? 0&bkr®dygv? e&dE´wnf;/ 0&e&dE´?
pdk;NyD;rSvQif? r[dE´ywd? &mZwd[k? bkef;[dvGefrS? &TDeef;rü? 0&r[dE´ywd? apmoD&donf?
bkef;[d&aoh? usifhcsrf;ajrUbd? ewfudkwGdaomf? r&Td&atmif? yifhcsDaqmifrS?
aemufaemifvlrsm;? rsdK;av;yg;½dkU? rSwfom;0Djcrf;? qHjcnfESrf;u? weef;rka,m? t*Fkavmwd?
rka'¨gtxGm? tawmifomESifh? &SnfpGmtvsm;? EGm;vm;Oób? wGefoHcom;? a*go,lZem?
þocFsmudk? &GDumrsm;ajrmif? csifhwGufaqmifí? rif;acgife&dE´? usifh½dk;jyom;? &Sdujzpfjim;?
rif;trsm;vQif? ykPÖm;tusifh? xdkudkcsifhí? roifhtyfpGm? a,Smiffy,fcGmvQuf?
q,fjzmw&m;? apmifhwHkjim;rS? av;yg;*wd? ajzmifhrwfod\/ &bd,mOf&Sif? ig;yg;yifwnf;?
pdk;usifvD&? xdkrif;uonf? pí&GDvQif? tpdkifyifwnf;? usifhtifjrJjrJ? rcRwfvGJbJ?
quJwaxG? toacFsvQif? uka#csifhrSef;? udk;odef;xGef;um? xD;eef;pdk;rSef? rif;rsm;vGefonf?
q,fjyeftpdkif½dk;\wnf;/

(9) ½dk;\tpdkif? eef;ouf,SOfí? aumif;,dkiftrSef? rif;rsm;vGefrS? jynfrGefyl&? Am&Pü?

&mZ0Hom? tEG,fvmonf? r[mom0em? rif;&mZmvQif? 'dyÜawmifil? uRef;ZrÁLESifh?
csifh,lrSwfzG,f? wGufusHK;oG,faomf? uRef;i,fig;&m? t&Hygom;? rsm;pGm&yf&Gm?
b@modrf;,l? pdk;awmfrl\/ bkef;xl;rif;jrwf? om;oJyGwfum;? rnfrSwfwGifx?
ac:a0:Muonf? Owårom"e? jzpfNyD;rSvQif? 0&om"em? qufjyefvmonf/ 0&jA[®w?
okodvmwnf;/ 0&okodvm? rif;jrwfcgü? jrwfpGmbkef;0Sef? uuóef[k?
vkxHausmfacsmuf? bk&m;aygufí? rif;ajrmuftaygif;? &GDwGufavQmif;aomf?
oQpfaomif;av;axmif? jyefUyGm;aqmif\/ xdkUaemifNyD;rS? uRef;'Dy0,f? orEÅpu©K?
eDvwkodkU? NydKifwkr&? ok0PÖwnf;/ 0&ok0PÖ? Mo&oum;? blygv&mZ? jzpfjyefrSwnf;?
0&blygv&mZm? rif;jrwfpGmudk? qufumpdk;bd? blywdwnf;/ xGef;nD;awZ? vuf½Hk;yom;?

( 374 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
r[dE´&mZm? pdk;pHygrS? 0&rdE´v? jzpfxGef;y\/ 0&blywd? om;bkef;[dum;? ac:bd*E¨AÁ?
0vsmPESifh? 0&0vsm? rE¨wfomvQif? p~uúmav;uRef; pdk;\wnf;/

(10) pdk;\av;uRef;? eDvxGef;odkU? puf0ef;a'o? tkyfcsKyf&onf? &efrsdK;oG,fom;?

bkef;pnfrE¨wf? apmrif;jrwfum;? MunfñGwfo'¨g? oHo&mu? vSL'gpdrsdL;?
&Sdaumif;usdL;aMumifh? jynfhNzdK;rsm;pGm? &wemonf? vdk&mrw? jynfhpkHvS\/ "eo'¨d?
NyD;pD;bdvQuf? pufwd&wem? &xm;omESifh? a0vm[u? odE¨0jzifh? omvSnufanm?
jzLpifacsmonf? Oaygox? owådpom;? c*¾rnfom? jzpfwkHyg tmumaumif;cif?
ysHEdkifusifom;? qifjrif;vSH"g;? þig;yg;udk? ewfrsm;a'0g? qufovmaomf? xufrSma'0def?
wm0wdESifh? EdIif;,SOfrSefpGm? tol&mu? atmufrSwvnf? e*g;jynfudk? bkef;pnfrif;jrwf?
tmPmvTwfom;? rE¨wf&mZm? rif;jrwfpGmvQif? vk&Gmuyfquf? ESpfudkwGufrl?
toufoacFs? eDwHkay\/ rsm;axGaus;Zl;? qddkaomfrlthH? txl;jrifh&Snf? us,fjrifhwnfum?
Nidrf&nfapom;? xdkrif;rsm;ü? rdz&m;vSpGm? *k½kom\? ykwåmjzpfx? Mo&orl? ol&d,aomw?
om;rif;vSudk? jrefpGjrif;aumif;? yD;wkHavQmif;rS? waomif;,lZem? uRef;'Dyg0,f? t?m"dy"d?
ac:bdrSefpGm? rdpädrmü? yXre*dk&f? jynfA[dk&frl? ajymqdkocsFm? ,lZemum;? udk;&mt0ef;?
tus,fxGef;\/ wcef;xdkrS? azmfxkwfjyrl? pE´aomwm? om;awmfrSmudk? rsm;pGmqifaumif;?
yD;wkHavQmif;rS? waomif;'Dyg? ZrÁLcsm0,f? aMujimausmfx? orkwfMuonfh? aZX"dywd?
rif;bkef;[dum;? ac:bdemr? rSnfhNyD;rSvQif? yÍöyl&m? jynfatmifcsmvnf;? udk;&mt0ef;?
jzpfwkHxGef;\/ xGef;onfzdwfzdwf? atmiferdwfjzifh? tm'dpö0if? wjynfvQifwnf;?
xdkwGifausmfod? trnf[dom;? rPdokbm0? &mZvSudk? rsm;Muvlaygif;? yD;wkHavQmif;rS?
waomif;'Dy? ESHrfhodMuom;? e&"dywd? orkwf[dvQif? ac:bdwcef;? &GDwGufñTef;um?
t0ef;udk;&m? jzpfwkHygvQuf? &r®myl&? ausmfaZmMuonfh? jynfrXmeD? uRef;oNyDü?
okH;vDokH;yg;? om;awmfrsm;vQif? ydkif;jcm;,lZem? ajcmufaxmifwmudk?
tmPmrdk;vDpdk;\wnf;/

(11) pdk;írdk;vD? uRef;oNyDudk? &pfcGDywfBudK;? tmPmNzdK;í? wefcdk;xefjyif;? rE¨wfrif;\?

EG,f&if;0Ho? jzpfukrfMuom;? ok0PÖybm? om;awmfrSmudk? &mZmuHjrif? rnfyD;usifrS?
tvQifOD;p? yxrrl? ac:xwGifbd? trnf[donf? orkwåda'0? xD;eef;csí? &r®m0wD?
NrdKUXmeD[k? ac:nDNyD;rS? pdk;ydkifoonf? 0&&mZnm? rif;üomvQif? oJcsmpDw&? orD;vSrl?
ok0PÖuvQm? qif;½kyf0gESifh? ruGmpDcsifh? tdrfaxmifoifhí? &Snfjrifhumv? pdk;tkyf&atmif?
Oy&mZm? tdrf&Sd&mudk? rsm;pGmeDx? wnfNyD;rSwnf;? 0&&mZnm? xdkrif;rSmum;?
r[m&mZnm? om;awmfrSmudk? 'Gg&m0wD? NrdKUodif*DESifh? pHknDjynfh0? "n0wD? a0omvD[k?
XmeD&Xd? okH;NrdKUNcdí? wnfbdtrSef? rif;jrwfvGefrS? bkef;vQHxGef;jzm? Oy&m[k?
rnfomac:bd? ausmfESHUodom;? bkr®dygv? r[doQonf? omvSajympnf? uHjrifhjynfudk?
ouf&Snfjzpfvdk? rif;ajrmufqdk\/ budk½dkyGwf? awmif;yefvwfaomf? om;jrwfokH;yg;?
tjcm;jcm;jzifh? ydkif;jcm;onfrSm? þjynfomvnf;? rSefpGmpifppf? vuf0ifjzpf[k? wxpfw&H?
rSwfom;MuHrS? usdK;EGHc,? avQmufayurl? tóu&mZm? rif;e&m½dkU? ocsFmjcm;NyD?

( 375 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
waomif;pDudk? tnD,lrQ? 0DukefMuaomf? jzpfxrSefpGm? ,lZemrl? udk;&mt0ef;?
tajzmifhoef;\/ jcif;rSeftcif;? okH;&mwGif;vQif? r,Gif;rSefnD? zdkU0DtrQ? yD;NyD;rSwnf;?
rdk;0wdrf,H? psmefESifhysHonf? *0rÜwd? ax&frPdESifh? yg&rDoGm? ewf0dZÆmu? a'0godMum;?
[l;&m;rsm;udk? ydkif;jcm;wkefUNydKif? wk&if;wdkifESifh? erdwfwdkifajrmuf? ausmufwdkifaqmufí?
tHhavmufaus;uRef? &SdxufvGefonf? jynfrGefqufwwdk;\wnf;/

(12) wdk;\qwuf? xdkrif;xuf0,f? oufESifhcsif;NrdK? rapmif;qdk\/ omcsdKjr&dyf?

acsmESifhusdwfwnf;/ rzdwfrSefyif? oQrf;wl;vQifwnf;/ qdkvQif;vnf;jyK? rl'l½Iavmh?
ysL[kcHNyD? rnfcvDESifh? pkHpdrSwfzG,f? qufumoG,fvQif? Zif;r,fac:wGif? vif;[kusifom;?
wef;wifoa&? jzpfusifay\/ trnfwGifNyD? b*FvD[k? tnDonfaemif;? vif;uJapmif;í?
waMumif;wwef? uonf;cH\? urf;,Hwrl? oxkH[lom;? t,l½dkif;pdkif;? jrefwvdkif;ESifh?
ynfvdIif;odyfonf;? pk½kH;pnf;vQuf? uHwnf;rSef;MuHK? onfaemufrlu? urf;jrHKurf;wl;?
pkHzufyl;\/ wckwef;wdkuf? rnfordkufonf? v0dkufvuGef;? ac:MurSef;\? pnfxGef;&yf&Gm?
&GDwGufygaomf? bmomuGJjym;? ESpfq,fhig;vQif? rif;zsm;nDaemif? onfenf;atmif\/
av;ajr§mifav;rif;? aygif;vwfvQif;u? wGifjcif;rSefx? rnfemrrl? w&mhwbmom?
jzpfwkHyg\/ tóup? eu&jrif;? &Gm½dk;wGif;ü? pnfyifjyefUyGm;? tjcm;jcm;jzifh?
rif;om;woD;? rif;orD;udk? wGufNyD;wodef;? tdrfaxmifNidfrf;í? NrdKUodrfaZ,sm?
uRef;ESHUygonf? xdkcgjynfhxrsdK;½dk;wnf;/

(13) rsdK;½dk;jynfhvQif;? NrdKUcyif;tm;? r<uif;pdrfhiSm? azmfjyrSmtHh/ *E¨v&mZf? *k½k&Zfay?

0da'[&Zf? wvSpfyÍöm? umodefumESifh? apwmuwm? odomwGifpGm? tmomar&?
ukwåmur®m? oDvmrZl&? rwå&*Fg? bmowmESifh? bmvmNrdKUjzpf? u&mZfxdkxdk? wnf\qdku?
aygif;vdkaESmvSpf? q,fckESpf[k?

( 376 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jzpfonfrSefjim;? om;awmfpm;\/ rif;zsm;xdx k uf? aESmpdkifqufrl? wdk;wufjyefUyGm;?
ausmfxif&Sm;onf? om;aZmuHjrif? rif;jrwfwGifvQif? pnfyifquJ? woJoJwnf;?
0J0Jvm;vm;? jyefUESUHjym;vQuf? a*gP*kPfbk&m;? jzpfxGef;jim;í? &SnfvQm;pdkifquf?
EG,frysufwnf;? ausmfcsufZrÁK'd? wuRef;Ncd\/ avmudpnf;pdrf? tBudrfBudrfvQif?
&dyfNidrfpdk;aqmif? &efrsdK;atmif\/ rif;acgifuHjrif? ZrÁLjyifü? pdk;usifNrdKU0,f?
wGufusKH;oG,faomf? wGifus,f&r®m? 0wDomwnf;/ yGifhvmAGufbkef;? jzefUBuHK;jzpfjzpf?
ESpfudkppfaomf? ouú&mZfaumZm? NzdKumumjzifh? ocsFmoacFs? uka#oQpfodef;? rif;rsm;Nidrf;rS?
rkedous? uóy\? wnfxomoem? xGef;aomcgü? Owå&rnf? xdkonfjynfudk?
t&Snf0Ho? pdk;tkyfxonf? a'0om*&? vGefNyD;rSwnfh? eef;rbkHom? qufjyefvmonf?
r[mom&? onfaemufrSrl? om*&ESifh? Oyom*&? jzpfukefMu\/ ac:xrSefbd? &yfoD&drl?
todwÍöe? xdkjynfrü? a'0uFo? vGefNyD;rSwkH? ykwårSefpGm? qufjyefvmonf? r[muoF?
&TDeef;&\/ uoFwGifx? om;awmfvSESifh? OyuoF? jzpfukefMucsifh/ &if;poJcsm? ESrrSmrl?
'dDygausmf[dk;? odESHUBudK;í? EG,frsdK;rnf&? a'0urÇm? ac:wGifygonf?
uvsma,mif;vSrdjrwfwnf;/

(14) rdjrwfa,mif;vS? eef;od*F0,f? rsm;vS&Hum? pHaomcgü? ykwå&r"l&? &TDjynfrudk?

om*&rif;? pdk;tkyfvQif;? nD&if;OyÜ? om*&vnf;? aMumufvSaomftm;? NyD;xGufvm;aomf?
&yfjcm;bkr®d? om,mbdom;? todwdÍöe? xdkjynfrudk? pdk;xESdyfESif;? uoFrif;\?
xH&if;awmfyg;? 0ifvDjim;\/ cpm;cdkudk;? EGH½dkusdK;um? EGrf;nd§K;ylqm? [daomcgü?
Mur®maqmfyef? a&mufvwfjyefu? ausmf0Sefowif;? wef;cdk;jyif;onhf? xdkrif;ESr? a'0*rÇm?
rnfomac:nD? ra[oDESifh? MuHKvDxdkwGif? tdrfaxmifusifaomf? tvQifOD;p? yxrrl?
bkr®&a'0D? qif;&TDpHoD;? cspf;orD;udk? tNyD;xdkcg? zGm;jrifyg\/ odkUygodkUjim;? orD;tm;vQif?
zGm;NyD;wHkajrmuf? uHraxmufbJ? oDaysmufvm;aomf? om;awmfrsuf½I? bkef;aygif;pkom;?
0goka'0? zGm;wHkx\/ Ava'0? ol&d,a'0? pE´ma'0? qufMupdkifbd? t*¾da'0? tZÆKeESifh?
*½kPay? a&m[ae,s? C#y@dw? t*Fk&[k? emrwGifjim;? wusdwfom;udk? rjcm;xdkwGif?
zGm;jrifNyD;rS? rm*"jzifh? 'obmwdu? ac:ukrfMu\/ awZxGef;ajymif? vuf½kH;axmifom;?
nDaemifwusdwf? ZrÁL'dwfrSm? [dk;[dk;jimí? aemifrSmzGm;x? orD;vS[k? tÍöea'0D?
qif;odif*Dudk? xdrf;csDpkjyKH? aomaomtkHonf? &TDbkHeef;olc0yfwnf;/

(15) c0yfeef;ol? aomaomqlNyD;? &TDwlwrQ? a&mifxGef;yonf? tÍöea'0D? qif;odif*Dudk?

csDcs>rufac:? &Habmfajcmufusdwf? 0ef;&HydwfvQuf? usL;qdwfrnH? wMuHMuHvQif? toHNydKifjyK?
eef;&wkESifh? aysmfrItjrJ? {,ifvTJ\/ oJoJ½kH;pk? jcH&HjyKvQuf? 0goka'0? t*Fk&udk?
AvpGrf;a&muf? tm;BuD;ajrmufu? NydKifaxmufrjrif? rdk;&yfcGifudk? pdk;usifwHkjim;?
ewfodMum;vnf;? bkef;tm;vufeuf? ydkUíquf\/ ,lvQufaqmifESif;? yD;tyfvQif;aomf?
&efcif;[d&m? &atmif&Smí? rMumukefatmif? owfNyD;aESmifrS? jynfabmiftwGif;?
trif;rif;udk? ESdyfESif;ydkifrl? tcGef,lí? ZrÁLaomif;ywf? vm;vmvwfaomf? wGifrSwfonm?

( 377 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
[dk;[dk;jimonf? 'Gg&m0wD? av;tifnDom;? odif*Da&mifvQH? NrdKU&SifysHudk? vkyfMuHBudK;pm;?
wdkufvwfjim;onf? oQpfyg;'dom&Hywfwnf;/

(16) &Hywf'dom? oQpfrsufESmü? wyfwmwnfx? eDukrfMuNyD;? rsm;vSAdkvfyg? wdkufMu&m0,f?

jynfompdk;x? bDvl;rvnf;? cerMum? rSefa&mif0gjziffh? aumif;cifvrf;oddkU? ysHoef;vm;vQif?
vGefbdusifrS? xufcGifysH0J? yef;qdkifqGJodkU? rvGJwlpGm? eDvDygaomf? xdkcgNydKifqdkif? wkrEdkifbJ?
0dkif;½dkif½kH;vSnfh? qkwfcGmc,fhrS? NrdKU\&Sdbuf? ewfrsufpdajrmf? psmef,mOfaysmfom;?
rnfawmfemr? ac:a0:Muonf? *@'Dyg,e? jrwf"r®ESifh? oDvonf;cH? &aohysHudk?
bkef;vQHawZ? wefcdk;yonf? 'obmwu? nDaESmifvS½dkU? ñGefUcaMumif;&D;? azmfNyD;rD;u?
ysHUrTD;oDv? jynfhpkHvSonf? *@'Dyg,e? &aohuvnf;? rkom0g'g? a0&mrPd?
a,SmiffMunfbdí? rodoltm;? odatmifMum;tHh? rSwfom;pDvdkU? [kwfwdkif;qdk\/
&G,fysdKusdKif;xGm;? rif;om;rsm;½dkU? BudK;pm;apmifhx? bDvl;rudk? csdKjr&om? ysm;oumESifh?
MoZmcsdKtD;? auR;rDG;jyKpk? OD;csaumfa&mf? awmif;yefaomfu? pnfxomrdkU? ausmfonfhNrdKUudk?
ESpfvdk&Tify? azmfíjyvdrfh? rsm;vSvloQif? jrifvDusifrl? ckyiftNyD;? xdkNrdKUBuD;udk?
jcm;qD;vSD;jzwf? oHrdIcwfí? rcRwful;vQuf? NrdKUaygifzsufrS? NrdKUcsuftjrJ? oHESifhwGJaomf?
ysH0JjyKusif? xufaumif;cifodkU? ckHyif<uí? rysH0Jwnf;/ usef;jrJcdkifx? NrdKUudk&tHh?
xGef;ywef;cdk;? vlxdyfrdk;om;? [dk;[dk;ausmfMum;? xdkrif;tm;vQif? rxm;vQifpD? ajymygvD[k?
rdefUcsDoHjr? qdk>ruf[onf? apmifhxopömrcRwfwnf;/

(17) rcRwfopöm? apmifheDygu? *@'Dyg,e? wmywvQif? rdefU[pum;? taMumif;rsm;udk?

rxm;xdkcg? avQmufvDygaomf? emem½ly? bDvl;rtm;? csdKvS&om? ysm;oumudk? tpmodkxJ?
0pGmauR;u? jynfa&;apmifh&? bDvl;rvnf;? avmbqdk;vQif? pm;vDusifaomf?
rsm;zsifAdkvfyg? vlwum½dkU? 'Gg&m0wD? NrdKUodif*Dudk? todrsm;ajrmif? tm;BudK;axmifí/
tawmifvdkifyif;? wNydKifcsif;jzifh? aygif&if;udkjzwf? wl;NzdKvwfaomf? NrdKUjrwfe,fuGuf?
tv,fcsufudk? ½dkufESufqwfqwf? oHrdIcwfrS? rcRwfrvGJ? oHjzifhwGJvQuf? tjrJapmifhrSwf?
&H0ef;ywfí? xm;vwfaomcg? NrdKU'Gg&mvnf;? tmumwdrf,H? rysHEdkifbJ? eDwdkif;jrJ\/
rvGJrSefx? NrdKUudk&vQif? emronm? oHwG,f&mudk? odomrnfxif? oHwGJwGif\/
bk&ifrif;zsm;? bkef;awmftm;vQif? odMum;&Dewf? a'0gjrwf½dkU? ½dkufcwfxm;usif?
oHNrdKU&Sifudk? NrDjyifudkcGJ? awmifurf;uGJrQ? rdk;xJwdrfzsm;? vTifhvdkufjim;rl? oHom;vTifhoH?
awmfvJ[efodkU? wzefysHvdkuf? a*:wljrpfwGif? pifppfa&mufrS? oHBudK;usrl? jrpf0usdKufql?
&DvHk;yl\/ &Doltrsm;? eD&m,Sm;í vdyfig;iref;? &DvHk;>yef;rQ? NyD;oef;ul;&? jzpfNyD;rSvQif?
odMuxdkcg? BuD;tmPmESifh? &mZm'o? bmwu½dkU? rkcswef;wdkuf? rif;jyK&pfonf?
&efppfcyfodrf;½dkñGwfwnf;/

(18) ½dkñGwfcwfodrf;? &efppfNidrf;í? rk'drf;"jr? cdk;olponf? vefUxaMumufusif?

&efrsdK;pifrS? aomif;cGifausmfMum;? xdkrif;rsm;½dkU? aysmfyg;jrL;pH? NrdKU&SifysHü? >cD&Hrsm;zsif?
rsm;vloQifESifh? eDusifaygif;½kH;? ZrÁLvkH;udk? odrf;usHL;q,fpk? tzdkUjyK\/ wckr<uif;?

( 378 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wkwfcGefoGif;vQuf? pHjcif;rsm;pGm? xdktcgü? rnfomac:x? ukPv[k? tdkifrü0,f?
aMumufrufzG,fom;? BuD;us,fomvS? uuú#udk? yGyGorÇm? zl;ikHygí? yGifhombkef;[d?
qif[wådvQif? eif;bdtifudk;? &Gwf&GwfcsdK;u? pnfusdK;bdE¨? jrpfodkUusaomf? vufrtpkH?
arsmvDwkHu? BudKufMuHKxdkcg? tol&m½dkU? r[mork'f? vdIif;cwfykwfí? epfjrKwf&DaMumif;?
0ifvDavQmif;aomf? wacsmif;tu,f? qnf&ay\/ jrJaxGomvS? 0Sefaygjyom;?
pnfrpnfBuD;? pnfab&D;[k? jyKNyD;wkHrS? 0go0ESifh? wGdMu&efrTD? ewfppfNrDü? ,HI;vD&um;?
pGefUypfjim;aomf? odMum;wrl? &vD,l\/ xdrfhqlausmfMu? tr®v[k? wGifxtrnf?
odem;vnfavmh/ xdkpnftrsdK;? twlusdK;í? &D½dk;zvm? rQdK;Mu&mwGif? **FgjrpfaMumif;?
ygvDavQmif;\/ wacsmif;wrl? uRef;ZrÁL0,f? &dyfjzLaqmif;aqmif;? wusdwfaygif;om;?
rif;aumif;'o? bmwu½dkU? 'Gg&m0wD? NrdKUawmifqD0,f? e'Djrpf,dkif? ujrL;pdkifü?
0SJ½dkifcsrf;jrpf? qnfbdvdkufum? xdrfh&pfjrnfvQuf? ajrmufpnfMuufí? rysufwD;um?
oH0Srfhjzmonf? 'DygZrÁLvGefywfwnf;/

(19) vGefywfZrÁL? xdrfh&pfqlí? cGef,lord f;usHK;? vuf½kH;&Tify? aysmfyg;Muaomf?

umvvTJazmuf? udef;cef;a&mufrS? rTDaESmufacsmufcsm;? [dwkHjim;í? wdkif;um;jynf&Gm?
ysufudef;omvQif? jzpfcgeD;vwf? uyfOyg'faMumifh? ,Gif;cRwfrlcg? t"r®mudk? usifhygwjcm;?
rif;om;rsm;½dkU? w&m;odrSwf? &aohjrwfudk? ,Gif;cRwfpdwfwGif? jypfrSm;usifí?
tMuifa,mufusm;? olwyg;udk? [djim;udk,f0ef? y#doefvQif? t[efjyKaxG?
aqmif,lavNyD;? oaE¨wnfjim;? xdka,mufsm;rl? vrsm;tu,f? rnfonfedwGif?
zGm;jrifrnfenf;/ rD;vSnfhxdkcg? ynmjrifajrmf? &aohausmfvnf;? vl0,f'o? bmwu½dkU?
umvr&Snf? ysufvwfrnfudk? tajcodxif? xdkUES,fjrifí? qifjcifnmPfjzm?
Munfh½I&maomf? udk,fhrSmwkHvnf;? BudKufMuHKjyef&m? þES,fom[k? rSefpGmwyfwyf?
pdwf0,frSwfí? rcRwfrrSm;? þa,mufsm;vQif? qefUwm;&GDwGuf? ckESpf&ufü? wcsufrrSm;?
&Sm;wkH;zGm;tHh/ xdk&Sm;ysufu? om*&[k? &mZrif;EG,f? ZrÁLv,fü? tu,fusif;usif;?
ysufvwfvQif;tHh/ oHn§if;>ruf[? qdkayuvQif? cerMum? vlrsm;pGm½dkU? xdkcgvufaxmuf?
'kwftkwfausmufjzifh? wa,mufwcsuf? ½dkufcwfESufaomf? nufnufBuDBuD? &aohoD\/
wvDrif;aygif;? Mum;vwfavQmif;aomf? vQifaMumif;xdkcg? oif;N*dK[fvmNyD;? rSma&pum;?
rD;vwfjim;rl? rrSm;xdkxdk? &aohqdk[ef? avQmufMum;yefu? vQifjrefzrf;jim;? xdka,mufsm;udk?
rxm;rvTwf? NcDcsif;cwfí? &Hywf0ef;vQm;? vltrsm;ESifh? xHyg;jrJeD? apmifha,SmufpDonf?
MunfaxGnDaemifrif;jrwfwnf;/

(20) rif;jrwfnDaemif? BudK;pm;aqmifí/ rsm;ajrmifjcH&H? apmifha,Smufjyefaomf?

trSefuGufuGuf? ckESpf&ufonf? &GDwGufMuHKcg? þvlU&Gmü? wcg&Hxl;? rMum;zl;wnff;?
txl;qef;jym;? vla,mufsm;vQif? ac:jim;r&? vlrdr®odkU? jzpfxvDjim;? &Sm;wkH;zGm;\/
vlrsm;wum? aMumufvefUygí? vQifpGmypfcg? vdIif;omvGwfacsmuf? urf;odkUa&mufí?
raxmufwif&pf? &Sm;yifjzpf\/ tESpfrsm;pGm? jrifh&SnfMumí? &mZm'o? bmwu½dkU?
Nidrf;rQoHom? yÍö*FgESifh? r[morZÆH? obifcHum? wifhpHomvS? waygif;v0,f? &Tifyaysmfyg;?

( 379 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
&Dupm;aomf? wufjim;xdkcg? jzm;a&muf&mü? oDpmaomufx? rdaysmfMuvQuf? ,pf0udkifiif?
vkH;xGD;usif\/ jrL;&TifBuDpm;? pdkuf&efyGm;aomf? ,ljim;xpfxpf? rQm;ESifhypfu? pifppf{uef?
rQm;vif;uefvQif? trSefxdkwGif? jzpfvwfusif\/ emMuifrdx? rmefrmejzifh? &efpjcKwfajc?
a'gooG,fvQuf? rwG,frn§m? xdk;cGwfygaomf? rsm;pGmrdkufvl? usufusufqlvQuf?
uGyfrlrEdkif? wdrf;,drf;,dkif\/ wNydKifeufyif? jyKvwfusifu? ,liifrom? olUxufigvQif?
a&&mr&? xdk;owfMuaomf? rif;urvGwf? a'0DxGwfESifh? rl;rwftEG,f? rsdK;udk;oG,f½dkU?
xdk0,fusif;usif;? oDwkHvQif;onf? jynfwGif;jynfrrvGwfwnf;/

(21) rvGwfjynfr? jynfwGif;pom;? rsm;vS½kH;pk? xdk;cGwfjyKaomf? 0goka'0? apmrif;uvnf;?

Ava'0? nDrif;vSESifh? tÍöea'0D? odif*D&TDabmf? ESrawmfudk? ac:awmfrlNyD;? ya&m[dvnf;?
ygbdudk,fMuyf? vufcsif;pyfí? ajrmuf&yfwl½l? vm;awmfrl\/ ESHUqlausmfMum;? rif;ESpfyg;½dkU?
&SnfvQm;&Sdcg? oHo&mu? Mur®mpdkifqdkuf? 0dygufvdkufí? &efcdkufESifhwGd? cE¨m&TdvQuf?
pkwdb0if? csKyfvDusifrl? qif;tifjynhfvS? tÍöeESifh? jA[®PwGifbd? ya&m[d½dkU?
aygif;rdroG,f? vm;Muayaomf? ausmf0,fESHUod? a0omvd[k? ac:bdwifajrmuf?
jynfodkUa&muf\/ bkef;awmufoeif;? xdkjynfrif;vnf;? jzpfjcif;a&m*g? a0'emaMumifh?
rMumvQifvQm;? pkwdjim;aomf? om;ESifhNrD;jrpf? rusef&pfí? jynfürsm;pGm? rl;rwf&m½dkU?
nDnmBudK;pm;? jyKaomtm;jzifh? ykPÖm;omvS? jA[®PESifh? tÍöea'0D? qif;vS&TDudk?
odif*DOuif? xD;eef;wif\/ om&Tif0rf;ajrmuf? bdufodufajr§mufí? Nidrf;avSmufom,m?
pHNyD;cgrS? ykwåmom;vS? jA[®okE´&m? apmowåmonf? a0omvDu? ajymif;NyD;rSvQif?
rsm;zsiftav;? Adkvfpnf;a0;ESifh? iacG;oif;awmif? NrdKUwnfaxmif\/ xdkUaemifpdk;axG?
ajcmufESpfaywnf;/ &Snf&SnfvQm;vQm;? NrdKUpdkifrsm;ESifh? ykPÖm;rsdK;EG,f? rdk;xufMu,fodkU?
qufoG,frsm;pGm? pdk;jim;ygaomf? &Dompdrf;jr? *päy\? 'u©dP*grm? urf;yg;omü? e0ge0?
emrbGJUrnf? udk;q,fudk;NrdKU? rcsdKUt*Fg? udef;ocsFmrl? ESpf&mjynfhvkwf? ESpfyg;,k*f\/
t[kwfrif;aygif;? pdk;tkyfavQmif;í? jyefajymif;wnfx? jyKukefMuvQuf? emrordkuf?
xD;eef;pdkufonf? rSwfydkufwHqdyfcwfvwfwnf;/

(22) cwfvwfwHqdyf? &efrsdK;ESdyfí? bkef;&dyfxGef;y? &mZn½dkU? *päye'D? jrpfqDvuf,m?

&SdjyKAÁmu? wnfvmtp? yxrrl? 'Gg&0wD? XmeDordkuf? xD;eef;pdkufrS? yPÖ0wD?
oAÁvDwnf;/ rif;orD;jyif? rif;om;jyifESihf? oufwif0ef;csKH;? qifukef;waMumif;?
aygif;avmif;yifwdkif? wdkifcsdKifrnfaqmif? um0ef;awmifNydKif? pdrf;n§if;tdkifjyif?
&xdefwGifavQmif;? uRef;aygif;avmif;u? tif;acsmif;wnfaxmif? eEGif;awmifvQif?
aomuf½I;jyifacgif? pnfabmifawmif&J? ykvJawmifvQif? **Fgjyif[l? awmifjzLawmifyif?
xD;0ef;wifay? rkpöa&[k? a0vkyAÁw? emrac:xl;? xif;½l;awmifcef;? ief;awmif0ef;ESifh?
&Dcsrf;tdkifaumif;? &TDyef;awmif;om? yÍömrnfavQmif;? ausmufyef;awmif;[kwf? oD&d*kwfu?
"n0wD? odif*DrsdK;jrifh? uHokH;qifhESifh? tZÆ&0wD? oD&drm0wD? ac:nDwGifqdk? &mZN*dK[fu?
&PÖ0wD? a0omvDrS? wvDrku©ß? ukrÇ0wD? wcsDwGifx? b&0P? ok0PÖ*D&d? qdkbdr,Gif;?
vDn§if;awmifu? pE´eESifh? ygod0qdkif;? o0ifudkif;u? NydKif;wdkifrnfESif;? iacG;oif;awmif?

( 380 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ig;&DawmifrSef? iq'´gefay? usufoa&awmifvQif? pnfobifawmifaumif;?
i&Hacsmif;xuf? prÜ0ufawmif? armifykHawmifudkif;? NydKif;wdkifawmifjzL? udef;om[ljyef?
ovGefawmifaumif;? ydEéJacsmif;[l? qifjzLuRef;om? wcgtrSef? umwefawmifquf?
ykoifwufyg? aovmwGifbd? &ifuwdom? or®m0wD? pkHnDomrdkU? y&defNrdKUaxmif?
rmefatmifwjzm? uRef;eHomESifh? yef;eHomu? uu©&yAÁw? emr*Pef;awmif?
xddkUaemifwokH;? vSH½kH;ozG,f? awmifoHk;q,frSef? o&befqdkif? e*g;tdkifESifh? wyifwdkif[l?
awmifjzLawmifom? eDvmawmifrsdK;? vGef½dk;awmif[kwf? *kwfNrdKUac:xdk? vif;[kqdkx?
urÁv0uf? o&ufawmifNyD;? reD;r,Gif;? ppfwvif;xm;? ausmufavSum;[l? rSefulwcsdKU?
vif;NrdKUrSefx? ajrNrdKUocsnf;? ae&Íö&m? uko0'D? ac:nDom,m? prÜm0wD? pHknDompGm?
vuf,mbufrSm? qufumpdkifí? &GDwGufc,fhaomf? udk;q,hfudk;NrdKU? tpdkUpdkUudk?
rif;½dkUxD;eef;wnfvwfwnf;/

(23) wnfvwfxD;eef;? wpdkifxGef;í? qdyfurf;omvS? *päy\? yapära'om?

aemufrsufESmü? wnfvmtp? yxrrl? usD;roa&? ac:ayxif&Sm;? ukvm;yef;Zif;?
r,Gif;jyKyÜm? *E¨mrpädr? yb*FvQif? *Zifuv? oEÅv&mZf? jzpfonfwjzm? apumu&mZf?
aowm&mZfrS? yyÜw&mZf? pkv&mZfom? umvu&mZf? wvSpfrSefpGm? y#dumv? wnfxe'D?
tnDrSwfMu? yÍöumr0wD? wvDxdkrS? wÍö&Íö&m? wcgqdk[l? tpöEÅKb? ok0PÖ*D&d?
rnf[dac:jyK? a0VK&w? emrwGifbd? y#du&mem*&? avm&r®ESifh? yXre*dk&f? xdkxdkom,m?
&r®myl&? avmuú&u? or®myl&? avmu©&w? puú0PÖ? or®m0g&m? a0omyef;awmif;?
waMumif;xdkrS? wuú&rSef? iwefol&J? rvGJwqpf? rv’&mZfu? ,u©*E¨? or®*D&d?
ac:bdrSefpGm? *E¨*D&d? pwk&dESifh? ykvdEé&mZf? pdkifqdkufrSwfMu? t0dE´w? auuu&mZf?
jzpfonfr,Gif;? qm;wvif;MuKef;? carmif;wkef;qdkif? o&uftdkifaqmif? iaMu;awmifvQif?
bkef;jyifac:aqmif? oydwfawmifESifh? ,ifaygifawmifrif;? tifMuif;awmifrGef? &TDpBuFefay?
qifaowzef? q'´eftdkifrSef;? o0ifuRef;ESifh? ppfwef;wifbuf? orufac:x?
a,mu©rwnf;/ qHxkH;azG;[l? ovlawmifpyf? wyfNrdKUrnfrSef;? awmifuRef;ac:aqmif?
usufawmawmifrS? umok&wkH? axmufqHkrvGJ? wJvrkacsmif;? waMumif;onfaemuf?
yDwaumufrSef;? yDuRef;orE´&mZf? ppfppfrSefaom? ywaumvQif? wifwdkif;oifawmif?
jcaoFhawmifESifh? jrif;oDawmifjzpf? bEÅ&mZfqdki?f uif;rdtdkifqHk? rxHkac:NrdKU? &J½dkUyifwdkif?
usef;cdkifarmufarmuf? oDraomufqdk? om;ysdKidkjim;? ausmufwef;cg;[kwf? w½kyfumnD?
cGD;oDrSefvwf? Oa'gif;0wfvQif? oufusrf;jyifu? ac:wGifrSefpGm? NrdKUom,mESifh?
rv’mrnf0if? jrif;oDjyifvQif? atmifomjyifu? eDvmjyifajrmuf? iusdKifawmuf[l?
qifjzLawmifausmf? uHHhaumfawmifaumif;? anmifacsmif;wGifjim;? pdrf;n§if;jym;[l?
ysm;om;,lu? Mo&r[k? pnfMursm;ay? &GDwGufacsaomf? udk;q,fudk;NrdKU? tpdkUpdkUudk?
rif;½dkUwnfx? xD;eef;csonf? emrordkufrnfvwfwnf;/

(24) rnfvwfordkuf? xD;eef;pdkufí? bke;f NrdKufxGef;y? jA[®P\? pdk;xwdk;pnf?

qufumoG,fvQuf? tEG,frsm;pGm? jzpfjcif;&mudk? &GD;umazmfñTef;? ydkus,f0ef;í? pdaphqdkx?

( 381 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
½kH;íjytHh? w&mhudk;q,f? oQpfNrdKU0,fwGif? tEG,fykPÖm;? aemifzsm;qHk;pGef? o&bef[k?
ausmfvGefowif;? xdkonfrif;vQif? qifjrif;&xm;? NcDonfrsm;ESifh? wnfxm;ajymif;&Td?
a0omvd[k? bkr®deufoef? NrDMuefnDñGwf? NrdKUjrwfwnfvQuf? q,fhajcmufqufwGif?
ajrmufzuf&yfrSm? a[0E´m\? &Domñdkjr? *päywGif? ypöKHoQifrdk;? &GmoGef;NzdK;u? [dk;[dk;rsm;pGm?
pD;usvmvQif? xdkwGifeDx? qwfrurl? aMumufvSBuD;usif? anmifMuyfyifudk? cHkrif<u<u?
t&udk;vQuf? cdkrSDwuf\/ wcsufxdkxdk? arsmufzdkuvnf;? pdrf;jrñTefU&Sif? ozef;yif0,f?
cHkrifwufrI? eDukefjyK\/ &Dxkrsm;vS? jynfhvwfuvQif? qwfrarsmufxD;? tNyD;xdkcg?
arsmvDygaomf? aovm*D&d? trnf[dom;? rsm;odESHUaqmif? ausmufawmfawmifodkU?
&DaMumif;ydkUusif? a&mufvDvQifaomf? wlyifrjym;? eDwHkjim;u? ESpfyg;qHkx?
aygif;azmfMuonf? ESpfv&ufMumeDvwfwnf;/

(25) ESpfv&ufMum? eDaomcgü? wd&dpäme? xdkqwfronf? ykyÜerdwf? taMumif;[dwfaMumifh?

oHk;usdwfESpfa,muf? wGuf&GDajrmufom;? tHHhavSmufaxGjym;? om;udkzGm;\/ xdkom;½dkUwGif?
wcsdKUom;um;? iSufjzpfjim;í? ysHvm;wHkajrmuf? OyGm;ayguf\/ wcsdKUom;um;?
rSefjim;pifppf? vlvQifjzpfu? vlü0ifNyD;? aygif;azmfrSD;\/ om;BuD;jzpfx? tm;AvESifh?
emrwGifjyef? iq'´gefvQif? wzefac:bd? yu©rdESifh? xdkNyD;wvSpf? i&Jcdkufwnf;? pifppfrSefnD?
&u©eD[l? wlNyD;,SOfx? bDvl;rESifh? oifhwifhaygif;rI? i&[kwnf;? qGDpkrsdK;csnf;? iyg;oJvQif?
eufrJt½kyf? ivukwf½dkU? Murf;MuKwfrdkufrl;? pG,fjyL;jyL;ESifh? bDvl;rom;? jzpfjim;wHkajrmuf?
ckepfa,mufwnf;/ rTDaemufwHkx? armifESr½dkU? zdkrumar? eDukefay\/ azGazG&Sm&Sm?
&yf'Domudk? vSnfhumywfvQuf? rdk;xqdkif;qm? nqdkif;qmudk? a0omvdrnf? xdkonfjynfü?
eDonfr,Sm;? vltrsm;udk? zrf;jim;íom? pm;Muygaomf? jynfompdk;jcif;? xdkonfrif;vnf;?
qifjrif;&xm;? NcDonfrsm;ESifh? vlom;pm;MuL;? awmbDvl;ESifh? ESpfOD;yl;qdkif? ppfa&;NydKifaomf?
BuD;cdkiftm;tef? iq'´gefvQif? qif[efzefqif;? vdkufvDvQif;í? twif;zrf;jim;?
rif;udkpm;u? ykPÖm;rsdK;EG,f? ysufudef;oG,fonf? NyD;z,fvlrsm;aMumuf&GHUwnf;/

(26) aMumuf&GHUvlrsm;? NyD;a,Smiffvm;í? xif&Sm;ac:bd? a0omvd[k? wGifbdtrnf?

xdk&TDjynfudk? ywfvnf&Hjim;? bDvl;pm;u? wdkif;um;jynf&Gm? acsmufcsm;cgü? r[mem*&?
uyÜdvudk? tZÆKerif;? z,fcGmvQif;í? oDwif;oHk;&m? &SdMur®maMumifh? awmatmif;eDx?
xdkqwfrESifh? oH0gudpö? wGdqHkMucg? £E´rm,k? ac:MujyKjim;? om;udkzGm;\/
vlvm;ajrmufcg? awZmBuD;xk? rm&,kum;? ppfjyKqdkifwdkuf? i&u©dKuf[k? 0ef;0dkufeDjim;?
bDvl;rsm;udk? xGm;xGm;nufnuf? tukefzsufrS? atmifcsXme? xdkupí? wGifoEG,f½dk;?
&cdkifrsdK;[k? ywf[dk;ESHUod? ausmfaZmbd\/ rSwfodac:jyK? rm&,k[k? BuD;xkawZm?
rif;r[mvQif? wnfvmtp? yxronf? "n0wD? NrdKUXmeDü? avmuDpsmefjzpf?
q,fhajcmufESpfwnf;/ om;cspfom;i,f? rm&aZum;? &TDjynfpdk;vSpf? oHk;q,fhESpfwnf;/
w&pfpdk;wkH? rm&tkHum;? &TDbkHeef;rSm? wdyÍömwnf;/ rm&&G,fvQif? pdk;onfrSefjzpf?
av;q,fhoQpfwnf;/ om;cspfac:wGif? rm&uifum;? pH&Tifaysmfyg;? ig;q,fhig;wnf;/
EG,frsm;rwdrf? rm&Zdefrl? &GD,lwGufusHK;? oHk;q,fhoHk;wnf;/ NydKifEIef;rjrif? rm&wifum;?

( 382 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
eef;cGifpHNidrf;? a'G;w&def;wnf;/ pdk;odrf;aysmfvQuf? ckESpfqufwGif? usufusuf&efNidK?
iqwftdkonf? Munfñdkr[d? ykefuefbdí? {u0dom? ESpfocFsmwGif? cE¨mig;wef?
jywfvDjyefrS? eef;&Hrif;ppf? oQpfqufjzpf\/ ESpfudkaygif;um? wGuf&GDygu? oHk;&moHk;q,f?
ajcmufESpf0,fvQif? tu,frSefpGm? jzpfvDygonf? wcgeef;½dk;qufjyefwnf;/

(27) qufjyefeef;½dk;? &TDxD;rdk;í? EG,frsdK;oefUpif? rm&wif[k? rnfyifwGifjcif;?

xdkonfrif;\? om;&if;jzpfx? BuD;awZESifh? 'Ggvp`E´m;? eef;wufjim;cg? ESpfrSmav;q,f?
csrf;omaypG? qdkukefMu\/ aomvp`E´m;? xdkrif;zsm;rl? wGufjim;&GDusKH;? oHk;q,fhoHk;wnf;/
vuf½kH;BuD;x? eDESifhvodkU? ol&d,p`E´m;? rif;jrwfum;rl? pHpm;oHk;q,f? ckESpf0,fwnf;/
bkef;<u,fxGef;y? wkrrQonf? umvp`E´m;? av;q,fpm;\/ om;wÍöp`E´m;? >cD&Hrsm;ESifh?
pHjim;wHkjzpf? oHk;q,hfwpfwnf;/ wef;xpf&DGrI? rSwfawmfjyKavmh? r"kp`E´m;? ESpfq,ftm;jzifh?
pHpm;NyD;rS? &efrsdK;c\/ aZ,sp`E´m;? atmifqkyGm;í? pdk;jim;tkyfcg? av;q,fomwnf;/
armu©p`E´m;? rl;rwfrsm;ESifh? xif&Sm;ausmfacsmuf? ESpfq,fhajcmufwnf;/ wa,mufrSefx?
om;ykwårl? *kPp`E´m;? &DTeef;tm;udk? odrf;jim;pdk;x? 'Gg'ownf;? 'dyÜausmfMum;? p`E´m;udk?
NrdKrwfoHk;a,muf? ykefuefajrmufí? vGJazmufvDjim;? rwfoHk;yg;wGif? &Sdzsm;trwf?
pdk;tkyfuGyfaomf? &ufrSwfowåm? wa,mufrSmum;? rSefpGmoHk;v? wa,mufurl?
oQpfv[l\/ pdk;,lodrf;jref;? atmifcef;xdefvif;? udk;qufrif;½dkU? pdk;vQif;aomcg?
ESpfaygif;rSmrl? ESpf&mhoQpfq,f? rSefayxpfxpf? pdkifqufjzpfonf?
axmifvSpfxD;eef;xyfrHwnf;/

(28) xyfrHxD;eef;? wnfvwfxGef;í? wef;cdk;BuD;vS? eDES,fyonf? *kPp`E´m;? xdkrif;zsm;\?

zGm;xykwåm? uH&mZmBuD;? pdk;NyD;tkyfum? av;q,frSm0,f? pGef;ygwESpf? jzpfwHk&pf\/
nDcspfuedXm? avmif;yGifhvQmrl? uH&mZmi,f? wifhw,fxGef;y? qwÅðownf;/ £E´ol&d,m?
yHwdomESifh? qufum&dyfNidrf? tol&dE´? ol&d,vQif? pdk;xouú? oHk;q,fjy\/ om&rdwå?
pdk;tkyfyonf? t|0Do? ol&d,rl? {uw&def;? jzpfwkHNyD;rS? rif;xD;rif;yg? ESpfyg;rSmum;?
"r®0Do? tnDrQ\/ onfyxdkaemif? rif;pnfaygifum;? wGufjim;&GDppf? ESpfq,fhoQpfwnf;/
nDcspft&if;? wHwdkif;oif;ESifh? yGifhvif;pnfyif? ausmfacgifpif[k? jzpfusifwHkjim;?
rif;ESpfyg;½dkU? rjcm;pdk;&pf? oHk;q,fhwpfpD? cwfvpfwHqdwf? pE´rdwfum;? pdk;jim;wHk&pf?
ESpfq,fhwpfwnf;/ jzpfonfpdkifvQuf? q,fhESpfqufvQif? &GDwGufppfcg? ESpf0gomum;?
oHk;&mhig;q,f? ajcmufESpfoG,fonf? pHy,f&Tifyewf[efwnf;/

(29) ewf[ef&Tify? teE´[k? tb,&mZm? twÅðomwnf;? vuf,mpnfol? 'GwÅð[l\/

jrifhrlpdk;&?oD[uvnf;? &TDxrSefusHK;? av;q,fhoHk;wnf;/ ywfukef;0ef;&H? rif;bkef;oefum;?
aysmfpHwHk&pf? oHk;q,fhwpfwnf;/ wxpfpHoD;? ouúrTD;u? e0pwåm? tkyfcsKyfyg\/
aZ,seE´ol? bkef;ñGefUvlonf? &dyfjzLjzefUvSpf? ig;q,fhwpfwnf;/ wvSpfwHkrl? wuúolum;?
&GD,lcsDajrmuf? av;q,fhajcmufwnf;/ ausmfacsmufaMujim? vu©Pmum;? owåmw&d?
pdk;pHbd\/ rSwfodwHkvSpf? *kP&mZfum;? oQpfESpfav;q,f? todvG,fwnf;/ eDES,fxGef;opf?

( 383 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
oD0&mZfum;? tufESpfw&d? pdk;pHbd\/ rnf[dausmf[D;? rif;vSrTD;um;? pHpm;wHkjzpf?
oHk;q,fhwpfwnf;/ wvSpfxdkrS? yl&dE´vQif? "r®q|? pdk;ydkifo\/ od'¨wukr®m? a'G;0domESifh?
pdkifumqufNyD;? rif;vSBuD;um;? &TDxD;jzefUx? owåpmvd? jzpfwHkbd\/ bkef;[dompnf?
rif;vSi,fum;? ESpfq,fhav;ESpf? pnf;pdrfjzpf\/ &GDppfESpfrSm? wGufjcpfygrl? yÍöme0?
ynmownf;/ &mZbkef;rdk;? &TDeef;pdk;om;? EG,f½dk;0Ho? pdkifíjyaomf? jzpfxwHkjim;?
wq,fhig;onf? xif&Sm;rif;quftrSefwnf;/

(30) trSefrif;quf? pdkifrysufonf? xD;csufjzefUvSpf? apw&mZfum;? tESpfoHk;q,f?

aysmfpHay\/ bkef;<u,fvQHxGef;? rsufESm0ef;rl? &Tifvef;pHjzpf? oHk;q,fhwpfwnf;/
ESpf&SnfMumNyD;? vuf½kH;BuD;um;? owf'GD;,lbd? rSwfukefbdavmh/ oD&dur®okE´?
twÅðownf;/ eE´aumb,? apmrif;vSrl? pdk;xpHvSpf? owfa'G;jzpf\/ om;cspfwrl?
rif;eHjzLum;? ESpfq,f[l\/ rif;eHvSrl? t|0Do? pHxjzpfay? rif;acgifi,fum;?
wq,fhudk;ESpf/ wufopfbkef;a&mif? vuf½Hk;axmifom;? avmufacgif&mZm?
av;q,fomvQif/ &mZmrif;i,f? aysmfvSpnfum;? pdk;onfrSefajrmuf? ajcmufESpfa&muf\/
xGef;awmufbkef;orÇm? om,mvSom;? "n0wD? NrdKUodif*Donf? wvDusdef;cef;?
raumif;xGef;í? xD;eef;odrf;x? ajymif;NyD;rSvQif? &Eé0E´m? jrpfnmqD\? jreDvmpuf?
vuf,mbufü? atmifcsXme? xD;eef;csaomf? ESpfv&ufvQif? rjrifhcifü? wdkifyifnDjim;?
rwfoHk;yg;½dkU? ykefpm;NyD;vQif? rif;jyKusif\/ odxifausmfacsmuf? ESpfESpfajrmuf\/
aemufrif;av;ESpf? qufumjzpf\/ raumif;cdkuf&ef? a'gormefjzifh? ykefuefjyKvQuf?
uRefoHk;quf½dkU? ESdyfpufvIyfvQm;? rif;jyKjim;aomf? pum;EIwfyGifh? tpdkifoifhjzifh?
uHoHk;qifhNrdKU? ordkufpdkUvQuf? vl½dkUrsm;zsif? ac:Muusifonf/ ESpfvQifwGufppf?
ESpf&mjzpfvQuf? pGef;&ufckESpfq,f? tEG,fa&m,Suf? q,fhoHk;qufvQif? tysuftusyf?
a&mxGD;vwfonf? rSwfavmhr<uif;rusefwnf;/

(31) rusefr<uif;? jynfcyif;udk? ½kef;&if;jyKajrmuf? rwfoHk;a,muf½dkU? &Sdaemufb,fnm?

zsufqD;cgrS? yÍömv&mZf? wdkif;oepf[k? jzpfonfompnf? oif;wGJjynfudk? quf&Snfpdk;bd?
emr[dom;? tbd&mZm? om;oJcsmrl? uH&mZmBuD;? csDvmNyD;rS? wdrfeDrdk;aqmif;?
ausmufyef;awmif;ü? NrdKUaumif;wnfc,fh? &efrsdK;z,fhvQuf? ESpfq,fhav;ESpf? pdk;onfjzpfrS?
wvSpfazmfxkwf? oD&d*kwfü? t[kwfrSefpGm? NrdKUwnfygaomf? jrifhMumr&? av;vrQvQif?
cGg&wHkjim;? ajymif;ívm;aomf? odMum;rmC? ñTefvmjyom;? "n0wD? NrdKUXmeDudk?
wvDwGufppf? ouú&mZfaumZm? ½lyumwGif? wnfvmjyKvSpf? xD;eef;pdkufí?
[dk;½dkufausmfx? ykwÅðownf;/ Oy&mZ? tdrf&Sd&om;? oDv&mZm? qufjyefvmí?
t|mayw? ESpfaygif;&\/ 0gok&&mZm? eef;bkHomü? {um&mr? pdk;tkyo f csifh/ eE´0dbl&?
pmvdojzifh? ykPÖol&d,m? xdkrif;rSmum;? "r®w&d? jzpfwHkbd\/ od&deE´m? ocFsmESpfwd?
odvdkbdrl? w&d0Dom? pE´drmum;? qufvmjyefc,fh? oHk;q,fhckESpf? pdk;onfjzpf\/
om;cspfrnf[d? oD&deE´m? ESpfpmvDo? pHpm;&\/ rif;vSbkef;oef? oD[&Hum;?
EdkifiHausmfacsmuf? av;q,fhajcmufwnf;/ xGef;awmufeDwk? oD[Ekum;? pdk;jyKrSefx?

( 384 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ESpfq,fjyI/ y&w&mZ? pdk;&wHkvpf? oHk;q,fhwpfvQif? bkef;opfyGifhñuH? eDv*kPfum;?
a&mif[kefxGef;y? yg'oü? {uwdoHk? oD&d*kPfum;? &TDbHkpdk;&? aZmADownf;/ ESpf&tpk?
&GDwGufjyKaomf? pwkt|? {ujy\/ &mZ0ifa&;? wq,fhav;onf?
pnf;a0;Adkvfxkrsm;pGmwnf;/

(32) rsm;pGmAdkvfxk? pnf;a0;jyKí? EdkifwkrJhpGm? orHZmrl? yÍömwdo? pdk;tkyfy\/ ok0PÖukr®m?

rif;jrwfpGmum;? bkHomOuif? q,fESp&f Tif\/ oufwifjzLrSm? av;q,fvm\/
awZmbkef;xl;? oufwifOD;um;? &TifjrL;pHy? a'G;aywwnf;/ aZw0efrif;? qwÅd&if;wnf;/
r,Gif;rSefpGm? rkÍö,mum;? aywm&mr? &TifpHy\/ ukr®m&0dok'¨d? rif;bkef;[dum;?
&Snfbdtm,k? oQpfq,fjyKí? pGef;rIckESpf? pdk;wHk&pf\/ om;cspfom;pk? ysdK&G,fEkonf?
0gokr¾v? rif;rwfvSrl? &Tifyeef;xJ? oHk;q,fhav;wnf;/ &TDoJa,mif;vS? ok&dE´um;?
{uwdom? pdk;tkyfyg\/ &mvrm,k? aysmfrIpHum? 'GwÅðomwnf;/ emvrm,k? twÅðjyK\/
NydKifwkuif;ukef? 0d&w*kPfum;? &TDbkefeef;pdkuf? ESpfq,fhESpfwnf;/ om;cspfrsuf½I?
0dok&mZm? twÅðomwnf;/ oD&d&mZm? apmrif;vQmum;? yÍöwdoH? eef;bkHpH\/ ukvH0Ho?
e&dE´½dkU? pdk;xeef;xuf? q,fhav;qufwnf;? wGufcsvDcg? ESpf0gomrl? av;&mausmfvSpf?
udk;q,fjzpfí? wxpfr,Gef;? tpdkifxGef;onf? &TDeef;od*Fgatmifcsmwnf;/

(33) atmifcsmod*F? pdk;pHyonf? ol&d,pE´m? rif;jrwfpGmum;? r[mrked? q&Hodjzifh?

xGef;nD;a&mifawmf? ½kyf½Sifawmfudk? oHk;abmfoeif;? w&m;rif;tm;? 0yfpif;jyKx?
awmif;yefcí? "n0wD? NrdKUXmeDwGif? odif*Darmufarmuf? ausmif;awmfaqmufum?
0rf;ajrmufpdwfjzL? vSLawmfrl\/ bkef;xl;jrwfpGm? omoemvnf;? a&mif0gawmufxGef;?
ednxGef;\/ yGifhvef;om,m? xdk&mZmum;? pdk;jim;rSefay? ESpfig;q,fESifh? pGef;0,fESpfESpf?
trSefjzpf\/ om;cspf&mZm? Oy&mrl? ol&d,"dywd? apmbkef;[dum;? rSefbdpdk;x?
wdyÍöwnf;/ ol&d,½ly? yEé&jzifh? ol&d,mpE´v? a'G;qwåESifh? ol&d,mpuú? pdk;xraES;?
av;q,fhav;wnf;/ ol&d,memx? od*Feef;&H? av;q,fpH\/ ykwåHom;vS? emrrnf[d?
ol&d,0Hom? udk;ESpfMumí? ol&d,m0E´? ajcmufESpfjy\/ ol&d,uvsm? bkef;orÇmESifh?
t|m&o? pdk;NyD;rSvQif? ol&d,rkc? qAÁDownf;/ ol&d,aZw? pdk;xwHkvSpf?
oHk;q,fhwpfwnf;/ jzpfonfpdkifvQuf? q,fhESpq f uf½dkU? eef;xufpdk;um? ESpfaygif;rSmrl?
oHk;&mausmfvpf? udk;q,fjzpf\/ <uif;&pfpGef;vGef? oQpfESpfrSefonf?
{uefrSwfMuoifhpGmwnf;/

(34) oifhpGmrSwfMu? xD;jzLvSESifh? ol&d,yknm? oQpfESpfomwnf;/ ol&d,mukv? wd0Do[k?

ol&d,ybm? yÍör®mjzifh? ol&d,mpdMw? q,fhoQpfrQvQif? ol&d,aZX? a'G;0Downf;/
ol&d,m0drv? oQpfESpfjy\/ ol&d,a,Ek? a'G;a'G;jyK\/ ol&d,uHo? q,fhajcmuf&\/
ol&d,ousm? oQpfESpfMum\/ ol&d,oD&d? 0Dowdwnf;/ ol&d,auod? udk;ESpf[d\/
ol&d,ukr®? wd"r®wnf;/ ol&d,auwk? pdk;jyKpHy? a'G;aywwnf;/ &mZ0Hom?
rif;qufrSmum;? &GDumwGufusHK;? wq,fhoHk;wnf;/ pk½kH;ESpfrSm? aygif;aESmygaomf?

( 385 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ESpf&mhav;q,f? av;ESpfaywnf;/ tEG,fpdkifx? ol&d,[k? ac:Muocsnf;?
qufumwnf;vQif? urÜnf;odxif? armfuGef;wifonf? 0ef;usifoQpf&yf'Domwnf;/

(35) 'domoQpf&yf? Mum;ESHUpyfom;? ewfrsKd ;EG,fvm? r[mwÍöp`E´m;? rnfxif&Sm;om;?

ausmfMum;bkef;xl;? atmifpnfusL;í? a&mifjrL;awmufxGef;? &TDbHkeef;udk? pdk;jref;wESpf?
NyD;wHk&pfrS? ckESpft*Fg? jynfhpHkygom;? r[mAv? e*&[k? "n0wD? NrdKUXmeDonf?
wvDusdef;cef;? raumif;xGef;í? xD;eef;pdkufoifh? uHoHk;qifhudk? &SnfjrifhpdrfhiSm?
wnfvDygvnf;? rMumrwif? wESpfwGif0,f? ysuu f sifayrS? xdkNrdKUuonf? cGmxajymif;bd?
a0omvd[k? wGifodEdIif;q? NrdKUomvSudk? &GDwGufocFsm? ESpfaumZmrl? w&mhig;q,f?
ESpfESpf0,fwGif? bkef;<u,frif;rGef? wnfvmjyefí? wzefpdk;&pf? ESpfq,fhESpfwnf;/
wufopfeDv? aumif;jcif;yonf? ol&d,p`E´m;? xdkrif;zsm;um;? qef;jym;tHHhzG,f?
eef;bkHv,fü? pHay{uef? ESpfq,frSef\/ EdkifiHus,fajym? Zr®LaMum0,f? armvp`E´m;?
vuf½kH;tm;ESifh? pHpm;tkyfpdk;? wq,fhudk;wnf;/ jynfhNzdK;yn? ukovaMumifh? aygvp`E´m;?
acgifxGwfzsm;um;? 0ef;vsm;jcH&H? wifhpdk;pHy? qAÁDownf;/ umvp`E´m;? udk;ESpfpm;\/
rjcm;0Ho? pdkifjzpfMuonfh? xlvp`E´m;? ausmfESHUMum;om;? rif;zsm;y&ar?
apmbkef;<u,fvnf;? >cDa&G&Hum? eef;bkHomü? e0gtwÅd? pHpm;bd\/ oD&dp`E´m;?
Ouifzsm;0,f? Mu,frsm;&Hum? vyrmodkU? csrf;ompH&? 'GwÅðownf;/ od*Fp`E´m;?
rif;zsm;xGwfacgif? eef;awmifnmxuf? aomVównf;/ plVp`E´m;? xdkrif;zsm;um;?
pdk;jim;tkyfum? ajcmufESpfMum\/ pdkifvmrysuf? tqufqufvQif? aomif;usufausmfMum;?
p`E´m;½dkU? odMum;yD;quf? vSHvufeufjzifh? tkyfMuufvTrf;rdk;? xdef[defUBudK;onf?
vlrsdK;½dkcñGwfvmwnf;/

(36) ñGwfvm½dkc? bkef;awZaMumifh? e0&wem? jynfhpkHygom;? jynfomyl&d? a0omvdü?

q`E´½ly? w&dE´[k? &GDxtppf? ouú&mZfonf? a&mufvpfrSefpGm? ESpfaumZmwGif?
pdkifumjcm;jyK? rdvu©[k? ac:rlodwHk? tjrwHkrl? eef;bkHowå? pHNyD;rSwnf;? om;ivSyfysL?
ajrmufOD;xlí? odrf;,lpdk;&pf? wq,fhESpfrS? wvSpfxdkaemif? oydwfawmifudk?
wnfaxmifjyefjzpf? wq,fhoQpfwnf;/ ouú&mZfrSm? wGuf&GDygaomf? oHk;&mig;q,f?
ajcmufck0,fü? pifppfxif&Sm;? p`E´m;\? om;&if;rSefyif? oufrnfwGifom;? irif;iwHk;?
awZmbkef;ESifh? vuf½kH;jref;Muuf? prÜ0ufudk? wnfvQufpdk;vm? aZmADomwnf;/
&GDumaygif;x? ESpft&um;? {uq|m? rif;pdkifrSmrl? atmifcsme*dk&f? oHk;qufqdkonf?
A[dk&TDpnf&pfrGef;wnf;/

(37) &pfrTef;&TDpnf? A[dkv,fü? ig;rnft*Fg? jynfhpHkygí? yÍömac:x? NrdKUod*Fudk?

ouú&mZfrSm? cwftwåmESifh? wðoma&mufvQif? acwåoifonf? rSefyifq,fESpf?
pdk;onfjzpfrS? nDcspft&if;? pE´oif;onf? yGifhvif;bkHom? eef;atmifcsm0,f? {um'o?
pH&Tify\/ xdkrSwrl? rif;&ifjzLum;? cGef,lodrf;rdk;? q,fESpfpdk;\/ EG,f½dk;rSefx? em*ol&d,?
oHk;ESpfjy\/ ol&d,&mZm? ESpfESpfomwnf;/ qufumxdkrS? ykPÖuvnf;? pdk;xMunfjzL?

( 386 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
av;ESpf[l\/ rif;jzLBuD;vQif? ESpfESpf&TifrS? pnfobiftrwf? wESpfrSwfavmh/ rif;jrwfwrl?
rif;eef;olvQif? &dyfjzLjzefUum? ig;ESpfMum\/ rif;vmawmfum;? ajcmufESpfpm;\/
rif;ukvm;ESifh? rif;bDvl;½dkU? ESpfOD;nDum? oHk;ESpv
f m\/ ocF,ma&;? wq,fhav;wnf;/
ykawå;rif;oef? oQpfESpfpH\/ wzefrif;ywd? w&doHk;ESpf? pdk;pHjzpf\/ pifppfrSefpGm?
ESpfaygif;rSmum;? yÍömt|? odukefMuavmh/ 0Hopdkifvm? rif;qufrSmrl? yEé&om?
jzpfukefygonf? od*FgpHbkH&TDeef;wnf;/

(38) &TDeef;pHbkH? pdk;tkyfwHkí? jynfhpHkt*Fg? rif;vuf,mrl? yÍöt|? pwku[k?

ouú&mZfaumZm? a&mufaomcgü? wnfvmtquf? NrdKUavmif;Muufudk? jzL&GufjzefUrdk;?
oHk;ESpfpdk;\/ aumif;usdK;r[d? jzpfwHkbdí? t|dt|m? pwk&m[k? aumZma&mufcsdef?
y&defNrdKUopf? wnfaxmifvSpf\/ oHk;ESpfpHum? vGefNyD;cgrS? oD[Arif;? wESpfvQif;wnf;/
wGifjcif;ausmf[D;? &mZmBuD;vQif? pHNyD;'G,m? onfaemufrSmum;? omuD0ifBuD;? w&dcgwGif?
oHk;ESpfvQifwnf;/ omuD0ifi,f? bHkeef;v,fwGif? wq,foQpfESpf? pnf;pdrfjzpf\/
wxpfrSwfMu? a*g&dvESifh? aumvd,rl? 0Do[l\/ wrlpdk;vm? 'ó&mZmum;? 'Ggopdk;pH?
vGefc,fhjyefaomf? teEÅoD&d? pdk;bdESpfESp?f wvSpfwGufjyK? ESpfaygif;pkum;? pwkqwd?
jzpfwHkbd\/ rSwfodwHkx? EG,f0Horl? t|rSefpGm? oQpfqufvmonf?
atmifomNrdKUrMuiSef;wnf;/

(39) MuiSef;atmifcsm? NcdwfNrdKUomudk? aumZmESpfa&? azmfjyaytHh? aema'GyÍöm?

a&mufaomcgü? awZmwufzsm;? rif;bkef;pm;onf? wnfxm;NyD;rS? NrdKUeef;csí?
pdk;xtkyfvpf? ckESpfESpfwGif? pGefUvpfcE¨m? vGefNyD;aomfu? yÍöumv? oH0pärl? "r®jzpfx?
odukefMuavmh/ *E¨½lay:? oHk;ESpfausmfrl? NrdKUawmfusdef;cef;? raumif;xGef;í? xD;eef;ueuf?
topfqufvQuf? prÜ0ufrSm? wnfwHkvmaomf? jrifhMumrajrmuf? ajcmufva&mufwGif?
Ncdrf;ajcmufjyKvwf? a'gorSwfí? trwfpvifAdkvf? vl0efwdkvQif? NidKjiifxJrSwf?
ykefuefvwfí? tusyfysufudk? ajcmufvqdk\/ ESpfudkaygif;u? aw&ovQif? &mZ0ifrSm?
av;q,fomwnfh? pdkifvmjzpfMu? qdk>ruf[onf? jA[®mxdyfacgifOD;pGef;wnf;/

(40) OD;pGef;jA[®m? bkef;ñGefUjzmom;? awZmxGef;vif;? rÍöLoif;onf? aumif;jcif;ompGm?

NrdKUyÍömudk? ig;&mausmfvpf? av;q,fhESpf[k? ouú&mZfrSm? wnfwHkygí? {um{u?
pHNyD;rSvQif? om;vSa&rGef? iyk*¾H½dkU? pdk;pHtnD? ESpfESpfpDwnf;/ onfNyD;&u©dKif? iMuHKqdkif½dkU?
eef;xdkifoHk;ESpf? tnDjzpf\/ wvSpfiql? av;ESpf[l\/ odrf;,lcGefzsif;? iapGoif;ESifh?
ac:jcif;rnfoD;? rif;acgifBuD;[k? wGifNyD;woG,f? rif;acgifi,fESifh? qufEG,fpdkifvm?
urÇmavmifBuD;? rnfoD;wjzm? urÇmavmifi,f? ig;quf0,fum;? pHy,ftnD?
wESpfpDwnf;/ wvDwGifoD;? vuf,mBuD;rl? pdk;NyD;tkyfum? oQpfESpfMum\/ vuf,m0ifi,f?
pdk;onfq,fhwpf? wvSpfr,Gif;? oeyif;um;? pdk;jcif;tu,f? oHk;ESpfaywnf;? ie,fodrfrl?
a'G;csdefrSwfxHk;? iESvHk;um;? oHk;ESpfpm;\/ rSwfom;wjzm? ESpfaygif;rSmum;? owfyÍöwm?
aomVómppf? rif;rsdK;jzpfonf? topfNrdKU&Gmusdef;0yfwnf;/

( 387 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(41) usdef;cef;topf? &SmazGvpfí? rif;ppfrSefpGm? tavmrmonf? yÍömwGifx? NrdKUyl&udk?

awZwufNzdK;? ESpfESpfpdk;rS? &efrsdK;ryGuf? NrdKUavmif;Muufudk? &GDwGufouú&mZf?
ajcmuf&mESpfwGif? topfwnfx? xD;eef;csvQuf? pdk;xajcmufESpf? vGefNyD;&pfrS? om;cspf&TDwl?
&mZolESifh? &GD,lESpfOD;? rif;apmvl;rl? &TifjrL;yÍöm? Opöemonf? e0g{uH? udk;ESpfrSef\/
apmrGeft|? rif;eef;usrl? emrwxl;? rif;bDvl;½dkU? rusL;tnD? av;ESpfpDwnf;/
bkef;&TDeef;&yf? tysufusyfonf? rwfpnfobif? oHk;ESpfyifwnf;/ ac:wGiftHhcsD;?
wef;cdk;BuD;om;? rif;xD;&mZm? jrifh&SnfMumonf? w&majcmufESpf? eef;pHjzpf\/
om;cspfOpöem? ESpfESpfomwnf;/ qufumoD0&mZf? oHk;ESpfjzpf\/ wvSpfodÍönf;?
av;ESpfjrJ\/ ausmfoJ&mZol? wESpf[lom;/ EG,frljcm;usif? pnfobifum;?
eef;cGifwufydkif? ESpfESpfqdkifvQuf? jrifhpdkifig;v? acsmíusaomf? rif;vSbkef;wl? &mZolvnf;?
xD;jzLaqmif;rdk;? av;ESpfpdk;\/ eef;½dk;quf,?l od*Folonf? &dyfjzLoHk;wef? rif;apmrGefum;?
trSef'G,m? ESpfaygif;rSmrl? w&mhajcmufq,f? udk;ESpfaywnf;? tEG,frsdK;pyf? pdkifrvyfbJ?
tusyftysuf? q,fhoQpfqufwGif? &u©atmifNrD? ysufudef;rTDonf? teDrvSwdrf;,Gef;wnf;/

(42) wdrf;,Gef;rvS? jzpfvD&rl? ompGrdkUrdkU? avmif;MuufNrdKUudk? rcsdKU&efyGm;? wdkif;um;EdkifiH?

jynfyk*¾Hu? eef;pHpdk;ay? jrefrif;aqGvQif? Adkvfajcrsm;pGm? csDívmvQuf? b,fnm0ef;vpf?
wdkufvSefjzpfrS? ouú&mZft|? qowåwGif? rnfomwGifjim;? jrifpdkif;pm;ESifh? apmifhpm;eDrl?
wESpf[l\/ t,l½dkif;pdkif;? wvdkif;armifcGif? wESpfyifwnf;/ &SdcGifatmufom;?
azmif;upm;rSm? oHk;ESpfomwnf;/ ausmfpGmapmifhxm;? ESpfESpfpm;\/ aemifum;iacG;?
uav;aus;awmifñdk? wvqdk\/ ESpfudkaygif;x? &GDwGufqaomf? 0Domjynfh,k*f?
ig;vqkwf\/ t,kwfrku©ß? jzpfukrfMu\/ qlyGacsmufacsmuf? þajcmufa,mufay?
atmufom;wvdkif;? t,l½dkif;½dkU? NydKifcdkif;wdkufcg? [daomcgü? &mZmapmrGef?
a&mufvmjyefaomf? wzefavmif;Muuf? wnfvmqufonf? eDxGufvES,f
awmufxGef;wnf;/

(43) xGef;awmufvES,f? &efrsdK;y,fí? bkef;<u,fñGefUoef? rif;apmrGeu f m;? trSefrysuf?

NrdKUavmif;Muufudk? ueufpdkufaqmuf? pdk;tkyfajrmufaomf? xGef;awmufeef;r? Ouifoudk?
rdkxyfESpfESpf? pdk;onfjzpfrS? wvSpf,if;u? odMum;jyom;? rdk;0a&mif½I;? aomfwmjrL;odkU?
ajrmufOD;rnfom? NrdKUatmifcsmudk? wnfvmjyKvpf? pdk;pHjzpfonf? ouú&mZfrSm? a'G;jzpfe0g?
owåomwnf;/ pHumav;ESpf? pdk;onfjzpfrS? pifppfrSefnD? rif;c&Dum;? odif*D&TDeef;?
pdk;pHjref;onf? r,Gef;ESpfrSm? yÍöm0Do? jzpfMu&csifh/ awZbkef;xl? bapmjzLum;?
&GD,lwGufusHK;? ESpfq,fhoHk;wnf;/ vuf½Hk;jzefUum? rif;a'gvQmrl? pdk;vmq,fESpf?
trSefjzpf\/ uspfvpf&G,fysdK? bapmñdkum;? jynfudkpdk;csKyf? ESpfESpf[kwf\/ r,k*fbkef;acgif?
rif;&efatmifrl? pdk;aqmifeDx? ajcmufvrQwnf;/ pvuFmol? owå[l\/ xdefUqlausmfjim?
rif;&mZmrl? "r®0Do? rSwfukefMuavmh/ *Zmywd? ESpfESpf[d\/ bkef;wdrydk? rif;apmtdkrSm?
ajcmufvomwnf;/ oZmwrif;? ajcmufESpfvQif;ESifh? &GDjcif;trSef? rif;qufpHjzpf?

( 388 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
wq,fhwpfwnf;/ ESpfudkwGufq? &GDayuaomf? {uowåm? jzpfvDygonf?
pdkifvmrif;quftEG,fwnf;/

(44) tEG,frif;quf? pdkifrysufvQif? &TDpufjzefUum? eef;atmifcsm0,f? &mZmrif;yif?

xGef;vif;usifaomf? ac:wGifrnfom? ESpfaumZmrl? &mrme0? bosL;pom? od*Fga&mif0if;?
apmrif;pHjrJ? a'G;a'G;rSwfyg? rif;wdu©mvQif? "r®m[lNyD;? rif;apmBuD;rl? wvlxD;eef;?
oHk;ESpfjref;\/ xGef;awmufa&mif0g? rif;pMumrl? owåmvnfaumif;/ rif;zavmif;um;?
rapmif;rvSpf? q,fhESpfESpfwnf;/ om;cspfrSefpGm? rif;&mZmrl? e0g'o? pdk;pHy\/
awZausmfaomif;? rif;carmif;um;? xD;aqmif;jzefUvSpf? q,fhESpfESpfwnf;/ w&pfrSwfvD?
[&D&mZ? aomVóESifh? pdk;xbkef;&TD? rif;peDum;? oNyDatmifcsm? eef;bHkom0,f? t|m0Do?
&uf'deESifh? 0Hopdkifvm? udk;qufomwnf;/ oH0pä&? ESpft&rl? owåowåm? rSwfMuygavmh?
qdk&mwcef;woG,fwnf;/

(45) woG,fwcef;? qdkjyñTef;tHh? &TDeef;bHkom? NrdKUod*Fgü? aumZmaxmifjynfh?

a&mufwHkvSnfhrl? rnfbGJUuko? e&ywdBuD;? &TDxD;aqmif;rdk;? oHk;ESpfpdk;\/ owdk;"r®?
owåomwnf;/ qufumpdk;jyK? pE´okum;? twkrJhpGm? Am0DomESifh/ OuúmAv? om;ykwårl?
emrwGifbd? oD&dol&d,? {uwåwnf;/ 0&"r®&mZm? owåMumrS? AdkvfygpHknD? eef;csvD\/
wcsD½Hk;pk? rPdokudk? rif;jyKwifMu? wcPwnf;/ 0&"r®m? rif;udkomvQif? xyfumr,Gif;?
xD;eef;ESif;rl? csufcsif;rMum? eef;bHkomu? csNyD;rSwnfh? awZxGef;½I? rPdokudk? vkíwzef?
eef;wifjyef\/ trSefrSwfod? wESpf[drl? rPdoktm;? eef;csxm;rS? 0&"r®m? rif;&mZmonf?
bHkcsmeef;,H? pdk;tkyfpH\/ EdkifiHjynfol? rBudKufrlu? rif;0&udk? eef;rScsjyK? rPdoktm;?
eef;wifxm;NyD;? bGJUaqmifemr? ol&d,udk? wifMuxdkcg? oHk;ESpfomwnf;/ csumeef;rS?
rif;0&udk? wifMuwzef? oHk;ESpfrSef\/ wzefxdkrS? ol&d,onf? 'G,rSefpGm? pdk;wHkyg\/
iwHk;rSmum;? aemf&xmapm[k? cHNyD;aomrl? xD;jzLeef;xuf? q,fhig;&ufwnf;/
jzefUMuufpdk;tkyf? rm½kyÜD,? wESpfjy\/ umvrE¨mwf? wESpfrSwfavmh/ rcRwfAdkvfvl?
rif;apmjzLudk? bGJUrle&m"dywd? wifbdoHk;ESpf? rMum&pfcif? tm;tifvnf;jyK? xD;eef;vkí?
pE´ok"r®m? rif;udkomvQif? wifygeef;xuf? q,fhav;&ufwnf;/ wcsufrMum? e&m'dyÜ?
xdkrif;vStm;? yifhjim;wifMu? ESpf'G,ESifh/ xdkuwcg? ausmfod*FgvQif? pE´m0drv?
bGJUemrjzifh? pdk;xajcmufESpf? trSefjzpf\/ wvSpfowdk;vS? pE´ol&d,m? av;ESpfomcsifh/
"r®mowå? ESpf0óESifh? pGef;ytu,f? wq,fav;&uf? &GDwGufocFsm? csdeftcgwnf;?
tmPmpuú? wnfrusbJ? avmuxGwfwif? jynfocif[k? toQif&mZ? rif;udkrQvQif?
eef;cseef;wif? jyKvwfusifonf? rsm;zsifolykefxdk0,fwnf;/

(46) xdk0,folykef? jynfudkcsHKí? rTDwHkvIyfvQm;? jyKonfrsm;udk? a,mufsm;rSefx?

bkef;awZESifh? wEÅAdkvfrif;? tukefcGif;rS? wGifjcif;emr? 0dZ,ESifh? pdk;xtkyfvpf?
ouú&mZfonf? a'G;owftmZH? eef;pHESpfum;? tufESifh0Do? ol&d,rl? od*FbHkrSm?
oHk;ESpfomwnf;/ e&m"dywd? wESpf[du? e&y0&? ESpfESpfjy\/ 0dZ,rif;? oQpfESpfwGif;0,f?

( 389 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ac:jcif;EG,fjym;? bmomjcm;onf? ukvm;ukusm? ykefuefvmí? umvol&wef;?
trnfqef;jzifh? odrf;jref;,lum? oHk;&ufomwGif? a,SmiffcGmy,fypf? r'&mZfum;? ig;ESpfpdk;rS?
e&tb,? e0{uk? oD&dokrl? rif;jyKoHk;v? y&rum;? pHpm;wd&d? jzpfbdrSvQif? tb,&mZm?
udk;ESpfvm\/ pE¨okre? av;ESpfjy\/ 0drvonf? &ufav;q,fwnf;/ prÜ,fxGef;y?
owdóum;? aemifrS"r®&mZf? ig;ESpfjzpfum? r[morw? emroabm? bGJUoanmrl?
ta*¾gykn? ac:Muwrl? ESpfESpf[l\/ quf,lpHvQuf? tysuftusyf? aygif;,SOftyfum?
rsdK;pyfEG,fjcm;? rif;trsm;udk? wGufjim;acsaomf? wusdwfausmfí? pGef;ay:ig;a,muf?
jzpfwHkajrmufNyD;? aemufqHk;ESpfrSwf? pwkowfwGif? jynfjrwf&cdkif? xD;eef;,dkifonf?
y,fvdIifqdka&;tHhzG,fwnf;/

(47) tHhzG,fqdkvdrfh? [dwHkodrfh\/ aumif;csdrfhAdkvfyHk? rsm;OóHk½dkU? &TDbHke*&? ysufudef;usí?

ouú&mZfrSm? qaywmESifh? {um{u? xdkumvü? tif;0ac:x? jynfXmeu? a'go&efyGm;?
ysLatmufom;½dkU? cdkufyGm;&ef&Sm? wdkufzsufvmí? Adkvfygtm;xk? jynfudkvkum? rif;jyKtp?
yxrrl? eE´yusef? av;ESpfrSef\/ wdkuf0efrvGJ? ESpfESpfjrJcsifh/ rif;&JoD[ok? wESpfjyKí?
tm,kqefx? onfaemufrSrl? tmumausmfxif? ESpfESpfyifwnf;/ vSnfhusifvDu?
armifausmfvSudk? rif;vS&mZm? ac:rnfomESifh? qufumapmifhNyD;? ESpfa&'GD;rS?
rif;BuD;ausmfxif? oQpfESpfvQifwnf;/ eDusifjrifhMum? aemf&xmrl? xyfumtkyfrdk;?
ajcmufESpfpdk;rS? Mum½dk;rif;vkyf? ESpfESpf[kwf\/ w½kyf0efac:? armifpHaysmfudk? xdka&mfwGifNyD;?
rif;BuD;ausmfpGm? oHk;ESpfomESifh/ &u©yl&? &TDjynfrwGif? XmeuGJjym;? trsdK;jcm;onfh?
atmufom;udk;quf? pdkifrysufbJ? a&m,Sufaygif;um? ESpfocFsmrl? pwåmvDo? jzpfvD&í?
eDxwHkjim;? jynfolrsm;udk? atmufom;½dkUu? ESdyfpufMuvQuf? a'gojyKum? trI&Smonf?
aemifvmrwm rwG,fwnf;/

(31/05/99) edwGif tMurf;wnf;jzwfokwfoifNyD;pD;onf/

tydk'f (47) rS aemufxyf &mZ0ifvuFmtydk'frsm;pGm usefygodrfhonf/ qufvufí
yHkESdyfMuygukef/

r[m0d[d HuarmfuGef;vuFm
(tquf)

r[d&efol? zufrjyLom;? oHk;vlxGwfxm;? jrwfbk&m;\? udk,fpm;½kyf0g? ajcmufa&mifjzmí?

r[mrked? bk&m;BuD;udk? ñGwfNyD;aumfa&mf? &SdylaZmfí? yifhac:NyD;rS? &u©yl&? eef;ra'0D?
ra[oDESifh? tnD,ó? &Harmif;rudk? ,lMupkcsD? aqmif,lvD\/ oifheDXme? &yfa'oü?
apmifhxNyD;cdkif? vufeufudkif½dkU? tEdkifjyKvQif;? &Jrufcsif;\? NrdKUwGif;rSefom;? NrdKUjyifrsm;ESifh?
wdkif;um;&yfXH? em*&H[k? EdkifiHtaygif;? awmNrdKUaumif;ü? ykef;atmif;eDjim;? &cdkifom;udk?
a,musfm;rdr®? rvGwf&atmif? csdKifaESmifwef;vef;? uRJEGm;zrf;odkU? vdkif*kwfudkjzwf?

( 390 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
toDowf\? acsmrGwf½ly? rdr®vSudk? yÍötm½Hk? umr*kPfjzifh? jrL;wl;pdrfhiSm? ,lMuyg\/
olemoltdk? usdK;uef;udkum;? rvdkydwfxm;? wdkufvkyfjim;í? oGif;xm;tjynfh?
,rf;qD;xnfhvQuf? ajrhajrhnufBuD? rD;wdkufpD\? oDvDr<uif;? vlcyif;½dkU? csif;csif;EGD;EGD;?
uedrGD;om;? om;xGD;om;i,f? EkEki,f½dkU? jyKHU&,f&Tifbd? r,frodudk? rGD;rdxHrS? ,lNyD;rSvQif?
vufESifhudkifajr§muf? aumif;cifa&mufu? atmufuwzef? vSHudkvSefí? cHjyefNyD;cg?
jyKonfrSmaMumifh? usumrvGJ? &J&JoGD;puf? ttlxGuf\? wcsufNrDü? vSHudkpdkufí?
cHvdkufwHusif? zifu0if\? cspfMuifaysmfyg;? vifr,m;udk? aygif;Mutwl? rxm;rlbJ?
qGJ,lowfjzwf? em;BudK;wyfvQuf? yl;>ywfcsdKifaESmif? MuufudkavSmifodkU? yHkaqmifyrm?
,lMuyg\? rsm;pGmcGwfxpf? owfíypfvQuf? tcspf0goem? r[dygjim;? ysLatmufom;onf?
pum;rkom0g'Dwnf;/

yHkbdawmifES,f? aumifykwf0,fum;? vli,fwaomif;? vlBuD;aygif;rl? oQpfaomif;tpGef;?

wodef;rTrf;\? r,Gef;xdkcg? oDukrfyg\/ odrf;um,lx? jynftif;0odkU? yg&vDjim;?
vla,musfm;ESifh? rjym;rSefx? vlrdr®udk? &GDMunfhcDaomf? ESpfodef;ausmf\/ Mum;aomfjrifcg?
aMumufzG,fomwnf;/ 'Gg&moHwGJ? NrdKU&rf;jAJESifh? jrpfwJ0ef;ajrmif? uRef;rmefatmifü?
zrf;aESmifcsdKifvQif;? ,lvDjcif;udk? owif;pum;? em;omMum;\/ rSwfom;wxpf?
&GDwGufppfí? wpfESpfoHk;av;? pmESifha&;NyD;? yD;olr[d? jzpfvDbdjcif;? ZD0ducFg? ,HkrSm;pGmjzifh?
qdk&mpum;? us,f0ef;rsm;\/ oDMutaumif? zl;zl;a&mifí? ykwfa[mifeHpGm? ½kyfcE¨mudk?
umumVif;w? odef;pGefrSonf? cGD;upvQuf? usm;opf0uf½dkU? vk,ufzefzef? pm;Mu[efudk?
usefvltrsm;? jrifvDjim;rl? bk&m;w&m;? oHCmrsm;udk? tm;udk;NyD;cg? jrnfwrf;ygí?
idkcg&GD&Gwf? ezl;owfonf? &ifzwfvufwifcwfwD;wnf;/

&cdkif&mZ0ifvuFm
(&r®m0wD 0g;ausmif;q&mauwk)

(u) &if
1/ earmwó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ówd/ wd&Hwd|wk
2/ o'¨ar® o'¨ar®m? bk&m;rku©ygwf? yd#uwfoHk;yHk? tvHk;pHkaom olawmfaumif;
3/ w&m;onf pD&HpD&umvH? jrifh&SnfpGmaom? omoemig;axmifpdatmifywfvHk;?
4/ wd|mwk? r,kwfrysuf? xGef;vQufywfvnf? wnfygpDownf;/
5/ jrwfr*Fvm? jrwfaMumif;&SmvQuf? jrwfpGmbk&m;? tyg;yg;½dkU? w&m;udk,fusifh?
6/ orÇm&ifhí? nmPfyGifhMu&m? ,lZemrl? ocFsmaomif;NrD?
7/ uRef;oNyDxuf? awm[D0efawmif? *EdkifacsmifrS? &Dajrmifqif;pD;?

(um) aMum

( 391 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
1/ c&D;0D;qefU? &SnftxGefUjzifh? vdrfwGefUarmfjzpf? ywf&pfqufoG,f? us,fxufus,fvQif?
yifv,fodkUayguf? ork'fa&mufatmif? urf;avQmufopfpdkif?
2/ pyf,SOfaygif;jruf? acsmif;wufBuD;i,f? uGif;v,fjyif0Sef;? udkif;uRef;omvS? *päb[k?
jrpfrurf;avQmuf? a&Teef;aqmufvQuf? rif;ajr§mufxD;aqmif;? bk&ifaygif;½dkU?
oifhaMumif;cGefxkyf?
3/ aumufcHtkyfvQuf? odrf;csKyfewfwl? pHMurlaomf? ZrÁLywfuHkrf;? vltm;vkHrf;vnf;?
rSDoHk;pJGpm;? qefpyg;aMumifh? tjcm;wdkif;rSnf? xdkxdkjynfrS? a&mufonfoabFm?
4/ &DaMumxGuf0if? o,fwifrEdkif? ykwf½dkifusDjynfh? oGif;xnfhxm;&m? r[m0d[du?
emrowif;? aumif;eHrfhoif;í? cyif;EG,f½dk;?
5/ trsdK;rsdK;½dkU? rSDudk;oD;oD;? aysmfrnD;onf? wdkif;BuD;&cdkifjynfvQifwnf;/ / &cdkifemrnf?
þa&Tjynfü? OD;wnfrnf[d? orkwÅd[k? bkr®docif?
6/ wefcdk;xifonf? Ak'¨*F&? avmuacgifcsm? r[morwf? rif;jrwfykawåm? 0a&mpac:?
om;awmfqufpdk;? trsdK;pdkifum? ukomemr? bm&mP½dkU? &mZN*dK[frnf?
7/ NrdKUjynfwnfvQuf? xdkonfujzefU? e,fjcm;uefUí? yGm;qefUxD;aqmif;? rif;taygif;½dkU?
a&mifarmif;vif;xdef? eef;a&Ttdrfxuf? pnf;pdrfcHMu? cwåd,wGif? {upu©K?
8/ emrnfjyKvQuf? jynf[karmfuGef;? wnfxGef;ajrmufNyD;? xdkrif;BuD;\? orD;awmfvS?
a'0*rÇm? &wemonf? onmrnf[d? todwÍöe? e*&udk? pdk;&oeif;

(um) &if
1/ xdkonfrif;\? om;&if;t[kwf? OyÜom*&? rif;aysmfvSESifh? oifhMuaomftm;?
a,mufsm;wq,f? aESmif;i,forD;? zGm;íNyD;aomf? om;BuD;nDaemif? vuf½Hk;axmifvQuf
2/ MuHaqmifywfukHrf;? ZrÁLvkHrf;udk? cGefusHK;&vQif? wef;cdk;xifom;? NrdKU&Sifausmfnm?
'Gg&m0wD? jynfyl&D[k? &HrSDvufjyH? 0JysHeDjcif;? owif;tavQmuf? csDvma&mufaomf?
3/ NrdKUaysmufvDu? pHkprf;Murl? awm&csrf;ajrh? &aoht>ruf? qdkcsufa00kwf?
pum;ikwfaMumifh? MuHvkwfrSwfpJG? oHjzifhwJGvQuf? tjrJav;axmifh?
4/ NrdKUapmifheDMu? ,u©av;aumif? wef;cdk;axmiftm;? oef;acgif,HwGif? pm;zG,fqifaomf?
aysmf&Tiftm;BudKuf? rGdaysmfcdkufudk? c½dkuftm;ESdwf?
5/ oHuGif;csdwfu? jrJBudwfvu©s? NrdKUudk&í? xdkrSponf? umv&Snfatmif? emrnfazmufvTJ?
NrdKUoHwJG[k? rSwfpJGvkcGif? ckwdkifwGifonf?
6/ bk&if&mZXmeDwnf;/ / &mZXmeD? eef;odif*DrS? cGef;qDZrÁL? uRef;vHkrf;,lvQuf?
rif;rlawmfjyK? atmifaZ,kjzifh? 0goka'0? rif;vSvufxuf? NrdKUjynfysufí?
7/ NyD;xGufMuaomf? ESrawmf[k? ewfavQmf½ly? tÍöeESifh? jA[®okNE´D? wlnDruGm? q&myg\/
vrf;rSmab;wGd? rif;pkwdaomf? aemuf&Sd,SOfrSD;? rif;orD;udk?
8/ c&D;twl? ykPÖm;,lí? vm;rledjcm;? 'vufzsm;ü? wefUem;eDaomf? xdkoa&mfü?
wdkif;awmfc½dkif? eef;ydkifomrd? a0omvdwGif? r[dazmufjyef? ewf&GmpHrl?

(ud) aMum

( 392 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
1/ qufcHrif;avmif;? om;aumif;rjzpf? orD;ppfom? usdef;&pfojzifh? xD;ESifhwefonf?
rwefonfudk? wdkif;jynfpu©K? rwfwpk½dkU? Munfh½ItwGif;? owif;pum;? Mum;odjim;aomf?
yifhac:axmufvSef;?
2/ pHkprf;Mu&m? ynmajrmfjrif? bkef;uHoQif[k? eef;wifvDu? jA[®Pvnf;? wluGaemufyg?
ewfqif;0gESifh? a0omNrdKUBuD;? rif;orD;udk? aqmifoD;&mxm;? rdzk&m;[k?
3/ ajr§mufpm;wifhw,f? aysmfprÜ,fí? eef;EG,fqufpdk;? xdkrif;rsdK;rl? xD;½dk;cHMu? *päbe'D?
jrpfqDvuf,m? NrdKU&mwnfcsJU? bHkeef;zJGUom;? udk;q,fhudk;NrdKU? vuf0JodkUvQif?
rcsdKUvnfaumif;? NrdKUtaygif;ü?
4/ xD;aqmif;BudrfBudrf? torÇdef[k? ZedE´&mZf? pdkifumjzpfonf?
EG,fopfqufumqufumwnf;/ / EG,fopfpdkifavQmuf? jzpfajrmufrsm;ajrmif?
5/ jynfwnfaxmifaomf? xdkUaemifqufrSD;? NrdKUuyÜD;rS? tZÆKeonf? w&m;ESpfouf?
awmodkUxGufí? NrdKifeufpdrf;pdk? &*HkcdkvQuf?
6/ xdkxdkajymif;vTJ? rjrJae&m? þjrpfnmodkU? a&mufvmvwfusif? NydKifanmifyifudk?
rSDusifeDx? xdkumvü? oufrESifhrl? twlESpfouf? &Sdtxufu? rdwfzuftppf?
7/ cifyGef;jzpfí? Muifcspfojzifh? oifhwifhjcif;aMumifh? qHkMuaygif;aomf? rif;avmif;oaE¨?
xdkrSmwnf\/ rdk;apGxefjyif;? vDcwfjcif;aMumifh? jrpf&if;rSjywf?
8/ yifvHk;uRwfu? xdkoufrBuD;? wufumpD;vQuf? c&D;&SnfpGm? rQdK;wdkif;ygu? udkif;rSmNidwif?
xdkwGifom;zGm? bkef;uHtm;aMumifh?

(ud) &if
1/ awmvm;&SmrSD;? oif;BuD;atmifvm? NrdKwGdvmí? ,lumydkufxGD;? om;jyKrGD;u? vl&D;owåd?
ajrmufonf[drl? rdrd&ifwGif;? orD;&if;ESifh? aqmufESif;wHkjyK? rm&,k[k? 0ef;pkcpm;?
pGrf;tm;xifay:?
2/ ynmausmf\/ xdka&mftcg? jynfrSmzD;rsm;? bDvl;pm;í? ysufjym;vDbd? rif;r[daMumifh?
a0;&dapmifrmef? bDvl;&efudk? yg,fvSefatmifjrif? &Sdbk&if\?
3/ eef;wGif&Sdx? orD;vSESifh? &mZbdoduf? qwfwHqdyfjzifh? jzL&dyfaqmif;um? oD&drm\?
jrpfnma'o? NrdKU&mcsvQuf? "n0wD? atmifcef;csDí? odif*D0if;awmuf?
a&Teef;aqmufonf?
4/ rif;ajrmufatmifpnf½dkufNcdrfhwnf;/ / atmifpnfxpfBudK;? bkef;awmfwdk;vQuf?
wefcdk;tEHSrfh? xdkxdkjyefUí? &efñGefUray:? a&Teef;awmfxuf? pHaysmfrif;jyK?
5/ rm&,konf? ajymif;pkwdaemuf? om;NrD;avQmufvQuf? xD;atmufprÜ,f? ig;q,fru?
av;a,mufusrSm? uH&mZmonf? jzpfvSmEG,fajrmuf? ESpfq,fajcmufwnfh/
6/ xdkUaemufESHrfhod? bkef;awmf[donfh? oD&d&mZm? rif;r[m\? awmifnmeef;pH? ukr®m&H[k?
emrHa'0D? ra[oDü? wdxDrmo? jymodkv\? jynfhxedwGif? eD0ifvkqJ?
7/ &J&Ja&mifjzm? pE´&monf? ay:vmxGufwHk? vbHkeDtdrf? xGef;ycsdefudk? csrf;NidrfvG,ful?
zGm;awmfrlí? ol&d,mpE´? trnf&vQuf? awZbkef;vdIif? b&mxdkifrl? *Edkifomarm?
a[0efawmrS?

( 393 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
8/ aumif;aomaiGwl? qifjzLudk;pD;? oD;oD;a&mufvm? rl;rwfrSmvnf;? rsm;pGmwGufudef;?
wodef;ajrmufay? &H>cDa&Gwnfh? eef;aeNrDUoQif? rsm;bk&if½dkU? c0ifusdK;EGH? uRefawmfcHom;?

(uD) aMum
1/ bkef;uHBuD;jcif;? xdkonfrif;vQif? eef;wGif;pHaysmf? rlcgaomfü? NydKifazmfr[d?
oarÇm"dvnf;? rsm;bdoCFm? ax&fig;&mESifh? tmumc&D;? ,mOf&SifpD;vQuf? jynfBuD;ordkif;?
&cdkifwdkif;odkU?
2/ qdkif;qdkif;rwfrwf? <uwHkvwfí? ynwfonm? aovm*D&d? rnf[dawmifñGefU?
udk,fawmfwefUonf? a&mifuGefUajcmufoG,fxdefnD;wnf;/ / nD;nD;ajymifajymif
3/ ajcmufrnfa&mifjzifh? xdkawmifxdyfzsm;? &yfwefUem;vQuf? bk&m;pdkifvm? "r®wmjzifh?
'dom0ef;vSnfh? ½IMunfhvwfvQif? ,cif&SdusL;? jzpfzl;Xme? a'ordIif;ñdkU? t&yf½dkUudk?
4/ odkUodkUqifjcif? odjrifwl½l? jyKHUawmfrlu? av;ql'E´? pG,fawmfrSonf? wmvozG,f?
xef;vHk;ES,fvQif? a&mifoG,fvufvuf? NyD;xGufvwfcg?
5/ tmeE´monf? odomajciH? avQmufawmif;yefu? rdefUoHusL;ausmf? þodkUazmf\?
nDawmfrSwfwnf? þwdkif;jynfrl? ywfvnfxl;qef;? a&TbHkeef;½dkU?
6/ ajrmufxGef;ordkif;? uRef;udkif;0Sef;us,f? uGif;jyifv,fjzifh? qef;Munfomarm?
pm&DaygtHh? a&maESmrpGuf? qefoufouf½dkU? Nrdef,SufMoZm? jzpfjcif;&maMumifh?
7/ jrwfpGmtrsm;? &Sdbk&m;½dkU? pum;rdefUñTef;? csDrTrf;ukrfMu? "n0wD? rnfc,fhNyDwnf;?
ighnDax&frGef? oQiftmeefav? &SdvGefaomcg? igjrwfpGmonf? a0omvdwGif? *kPfwifESHrfhod?
8/ ya&m[d[k? y@dtifjynfh? wynfhajcmufaomif;? a&Gazmfaygif;ESifh? olaumif;wZpf?
xdkrSmjzpfí? ajyjypfyHkpH? igho@efESifh? wqHr,kwf?

(uD) &if
1/ oGef;vkyfNyD;cg? r[mrked? rnf[dxif&Sm;? ighudk,fpm;vQif? wnfxm;vwftHh/ &yfwefUcgrSD?
tckeDom;? NzdK;0DarmufpGm? aovm*D&d? jrifhbdñdkUarSmif?
2/ þonfawmifü? ,acgif&SdZmwf? yef;yGwform;? jzpfc,fhjim;í? aemufum;edAÁmef?
igvGefaomcg? ighcE¨mrS? ajcmufjzma&mifvTwf? ausmuf½dk;"gwfonf? wnfvwfxifay:?
3/ ausmufawmfapwD? ac:nDtEHSrfh? wGifvwåHU[k? rdefUñGefUazmfjy? xdkrSpí? a'oywfvnf?
þwdkif;jynfü? usifvnfawmfzl;? xl;xl;t&yf? udef;0yftHhonf?
4/ "gwfrnfrnfudk? EIwfjcnfpum;? Asm'dwfMum;u? bk&m;wef;cdk;? bkef;awmfwdk;vQuf?
xpfBudK;yJhwif? i,ifodrfhodrfh? awmfBudrfhBudrfhESifh? NidrfhNidrfhoHNcdrf;?
5/ 'dom[def;onf? aMumufBuD;beef;jzpfownf;/ / aMumufzG,faomwdwf?
xdkerdwfaMumifh? vefUxdwftHkrf;tkHrf;? w½kkHrf;½kkHrf;vQif? jynfvkHrf;&Sdu?
6/ e&ocif? a&TjynfoQifvnf;? aA'ifjrifod? ya&m[dESifh? y@dajr§mufpm;? rl;rwfrsm;udk?
aMumif;vQm;od&D;? pD;ppfrD;aomf? uGm0D;c&D;? ewf,mOfpD;vQuf? bkef;BuD;rkedef?

( 394 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
7/ rm&Zdefonf? jr[defñdkUarSmif? aovmawmifü? rsm;ajrmifoCFm? &[EåmESifh?
<uvmaomwdwf? erdwfrSefaMumif;? avQmufvDaoQmif;aomf? taMumif;pum;?
jrwfbk&m;[k? Mum;aomfce?
8/ xdkrif;vSonf? x<uvQifyif? zl;jrifcsifaMumifh? qifjrif;rpD;? jzLxD;raqmif;?
rl;rwfaygif;ESifh? yef;aumif;eHom? vufpJGumjzifh? vQifpGmvSrf;<um;? csD<uvm;aomf?

(uk) aMum
1/ udk,ftm;yifyef;? cE¨mEGrf;u? pcef;cs&nf? yJGawmfwnfrl? pm;onfxrif;?
a&mufcsifjyif;í? rJ[if;wpd? rpm;rdwnf;/ owdaqmifum? vm;onfcgwGif?
Adkvfygcsif;pyf? xlxyfnHnH?
2/ toHrpJ? oJoJtkrf;tkrf;? w½kkrf;½kkrf;ESifh? jyifvkrf;>yef;>yef;? jynfhwif;usef;aMumifh?
jrHKvTrf;zkHrf;tkyf? NrDrIefUcsKyfu? uJqkyfrayguf? awmifajrmuf0ef;usif? rjrifwHku?
vrf;r&aomf? Ak'¨odkU&G,f? &Sdudk;uG,frl?
3/ bkef;<u,facgifxGwf? bk&m;jrwfonf? a&mifvTwfcgwHk? tukefvif;bd? vrf;prf;odvQuf?
&Tifbdvsifjyif;? vm;vDvQif;aomf? NcD&if;awmfü? OD;a*gif;qdkufí? vufcdkuf½dkusdK;?
4/ vGefjrwfEdk;vQuf? &Sdcdk;0rf;ajrmuf? yef;aygufaygufjzifh? csDajr§mufylaZmf? jyKMuaomfvQif?
rdefUawmf>ruf[? w&m;jyonf? "r®&pDaomaMumifhwnf;/ /
5/ "r®&aZ? tpdaE´vQif? a[mayrdefUMum;? xdkw&m;udk? csrf;em;0ifx? yDwd0í? e&ocif?
xdkjynfoQifonf? OD;wifwzef? avQmufawmif;yef\/ tuREkfyfonf?
6/ jrwfoHk;rnfudk? MunfMunfñdkñdk? qGrf;vSLvdkí? yk*¾dKvfxdypf k? oyÜnKonf? ,ckaemufyg?
&[EÅmESifh? r[mbkef;xGef;? uREkfyfeef;odkU? <ujref;awmfrl? o,rÇL[k? MunfjzLaompdwf?
yifhzdwfc,fhNyD;?
&/ rif;BuD;tvQif? NrdKUawmf0ifu? jrwfoQifvlUxGwf? ewfxufewfvQif? jyó'f,mOfaqmif?
nD;ajymifajymifESifh? ajcmufa&mifawmfvif;? oHk;vlUrif;onf? ajzmifhpif;<u,Gef;?
vDomeef;ü?
8/ awmufxGef;a&mifjrpf? a&Tpufqdkufu? tvdkufodjcif;? jynfoQifrif;vQif? jrwfjcif;eD&m?
qef;MunfpGmudk? ysifumxm;NyD;?

(uk) &if
1/ jrwfapmxD;vnf;? oD;oD;ax&fysH? t&[HESifh? aumif;rGef£a`E´? Nidrfoufae\/
a&Tjynfocif? xD;eef;oQifvnf;? pD&ifaumif;rGef? oav;qefü? EdkUoGefavmif;jznfh?
rxnfh&Dpuf? EdkUoufoufwd?
2/ avmif;csuf*PSm? xdkMoZmESifh? &omxl;jcm;? tjym;jym;udk? &Tiftm;ESpfouf?
rdrdvufjzifh? uyfvQufjrwfav;? qGrf;vkyfauR;\/ pnf;a0;aemufyg? t&d,mudk?
3/ rwf&m&m½dkU? tpdkUpdkUrl? ESpfvdkUMunfjzL? vkyfauR;vSL\/ ewfvl½dkUxD;? bkef;yD;NyD;aomf?
rif;BuD;up? xdkrSrl;rwf? y&dówftm;? avQmufywfomarm? w&m;a[m\/

( 395 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
4/ rif;apmr[m? xdk&mZmvnf;? o'¨gvGefuJ? ra&mifh&Jonf? 0rf;xJyDwdpdrfhownf;/ /
0rf;xJyDwd? ESpfoufbdí?
5/ ol&d,pE´m? rif;r[mrl? xdyfrSmvufajr§muf? þodkUavQmuf\? ESpfa,mufrwGif?
bHkoHk;cGif0,f? rjrifzufwk? oyÜnK[k? ,ckuREkfyf? jrwfacgifcsKyftm;?
6/ vuftkyfazmfazmf? ylaZmf0E´e? zl;wGd&onf? r0rSwfpJG? ra&mifh&Jc,fh? trfhtJrEdkif?
edAÁmefydkifonf? c½dkifeDjim;? wdkif;wyg;odkU? <uvm;ayrl? aomuxlvdrfh? t,lpdwfMunf?
7/ owdwnfatmif? oHk;rnfvlUzsm;? jrwfbk&m;ESifh? rjym;r,Gif;? ½kkyfawmfqif;[k?
cyif;ywfuHkrf;? vltm;vHkrf;½dkU? pk½Hkrf;OD;cs? udk;uG,f&atmif? Ak'¨xGwfacgif?
ig;rm&fatmifonf?
8/ vlUabmifBuD;rm;? uREkfyftm;udk? oem;ojzifh? xm;oifhygaMumif;? tcGifhawmif;aomf?
a&mifarmif;vif;xdef? rm&Zdefvnf;? csifhcsdefnmPfawmf? Munfh½IarQmfrl? aemifaomf&SnfMum?
omoemonf?

(ul) aMum
1/ jrifhpGmt"GefU? wnfvwåHUaMumif;? aumif;tHrfhrdefUoH? y#dnmOfjzifh? 0efcHvDu?
&TifaZmqlí? e&omrd? rif;bkef;[donf? rsm;bdOpöm? &wema&? udk;uka#udk? ,lapNyD;wHk?
pkysmyHkvQuf? oHk;yHkrSefuif;?
2/ w&m;rif;tm;? avQmufwifMum;aomf? bk&m;jrwfpGm? orÁK'¨gvnf;? a'0grnfjcif;?
odMum;rif;udk? xH&if;odkU,l? ac:awmfrlvQuf? ighwlyHkjyK? igh½kyfxkvQif? aygif;pkypönf;?
3/ þrSwnf;jzifh? ighenf;jzpfpD? oGef;vkyfvD[k? vkqGDoQifcspf? ckESpfvufckyf?
udkiftkyfumvHkrf;? ,lusHK;NyD;aomf? rdk;ewfausmftm;? tyfawmfrlu? 0go0vnf;?
0if;ya&mifarmif;?
4/ a&Tyef;awmif;jzifh? ñGwfaysmif;cHwHk? 0doMuHKESifh? wlpHkvG,ful? jrwfqifjzLxuf?
wif,lqifhwdk;? xD;jzLrdk;vQuf? jrwfEdk;a'o? ½IukrfMuí? "n0wD? NrdKUqDrajzmifh?
5/ &Sdawmifaxmifh0,f? ewfapmifhbkr?®d oD&d*kwfawmif? AGDacgifxdyfxuf?
wnf&mwGufvQuf? NydK;jyufa&mifvTwf? r@yfpD&if?
6/ wef;qmqifonf? xGuf0ifvlyHkewfaygif;wnf;/ / vlyHkewfaygif;? aomif;aomif;oJoJ?
ewfyJGjyKvkyf? wD;rIwfNidrfhNidrfh? yJhwifxdefUrQ? NcdrfhNcdrfhtkrf;tkrf;? w½Hkrf;½kkHrf;ESifh? jcHKrf;jcHKrf;oHjrnf?
vlewfpnf½dkU? ywfvnfoHxGuf? ckESpf&ufwdkif?
7/ tqdkifqdkifvQif? NrdKifNrdKifoDu? ig;0yÍöif? wD;oHvGifjzifh? aysmf&TifoD;oD;? yJGBuD;cif;cif;?
oGef;pdkifwGif;0,f? rif;xufrif;zsm;? jrwfbk&m;tm;? avQmufMum;ayvQif?
8/ oHk;vlUoQifvnf;? a&T&ifawmfaiGU? ,layGUvufckyf? xdkrSmtkyfvQuf? igh½kyfawmfBuD;?
tNyD;ighES,f? wifhw,fajyjypf? ,ckjzpfí? tESpfjrifh&Snf? wnf&pfay[k? rdefUayvwfrl?

(ul) &if
1/ o,rÇLESifh? yHkwlo@ef? wqHr,drf;? rwdrf;nDnm? pHkt*Fgjzifh? aumZma&mufx?
w&mhav;q,f? pGef;0,fckESpf? Bud;KxpfoHjyK? rdk;Owkonf? ukefvkcgeD;? xGef;nD;a&mifvTwf?

( 396 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
2/ eu©wfvQHefjym? Muwådumonf? a&mif0gawmufy? wef;aqmifv\? qef;pwufopf?
ckESpf&ufrSm? edZD0gwGif? jrwfpGmbk&m;? udk,fpm;½kkyfBuD;? oGef;vkyfNyD;rl? nD;nD;ajymifajymif?
ta&mifvSyfvSyf? wef;cdk;vTwfaomf?
3/ rsm;ewfjA[®m? pk½kHrf;vmí? jrwfpGmxGwfwif? aAm"dyifü? nmPfjrifcgodkU? ewfvl½dkUrl?
ESpfvdkUzl;arQmf? ylaZmfaomif;oJ? jzefUMuJajzmufajzmuf? aygufaygufjynfhvQef;? ewfyef;NzdK;NzdK;?
&Gmonfhrdk;odkU?
4/ rIwfBudK;oHanmif;? ewfpnfapmif;ESifh? vlaygif;tm;BuD;? oD;oD;xdkufxdkuf?
uRD;aMumfcdkufudk? aomif;xdkufjzKwfjzKwf? i,ifvIyfonf? tkyftkyfyJhwiferdwfwnf;/ /
5/ erdwfOD;OD;? xl;xl;jyvm? Asm'd[m½dkU? &mZbk&if? wufwufjrifu? jrwfoQifrudk#f?
NcDawmfüyif? OD;cdkuf0yfpif;? o'¨gjyif;í? jzpfjcif;yDwd?
6/ *Grf;qDxdodkU? aysmif;tdzdefUzdefU? udk,fvHk;pdrfhvQuf? NidrfhumrdefUarm? b0ifaZmjzifh?
[daomcgonf? owdwnfí? pdwfMunfvwfaomf? ½kkyfxkawmfudk? ylaZmfESpfouf?
yv’ifxufodkU?
7/ wifvQufxm;um? &wema&mif? vif;ajymifnD;nD;? odrfawmfBuD;[k? vkyfNyD;ajyjypf?
pkvpfrGef;cRef? pDrGefvkHrf;csHK? wef;qmpHkvQuf? bHktqifhqifh? vSwifhxl;jrwf?
ausmif;jyó'fESifh?
8/ avQmufywfpDom;? vSLwnfxm;í? bk&m;jrwfoQif? <upDcsif[k? avQmufwifjyefaomf?
jrwfZdaemfonf? <uawmfrlcg? rif;&mZmvnf;? wef;qmqifNyD;? vrf;c&D;jzifh?
xGef;nD;a&mif&Tef;?

(au) aMum
1/ NrDawmfqef;vQuf? qefUwef;½IarQmf? MunfhvwfaomfvQif? ½kkyfawmfrked? ouf[dozG,f?
0dnmOfwG,fodkU? bkef;<u,fxGwfxm;? aemifbk&m;udk? vm;í&SdqD;? c&D;OD;BudK?
qdkvdkaoma,mif?
2/ jrwfbkef;acgif\? *kPfaqmifawaZmf? wef;cdk;awmfaMumifh? ½IarQmfckck? xvkxcsif?
xdktoGifudk? jrifvwfwHkaomf? pdaEåa,mfonf? NcDawmf&yfwefU? vufawmfqefUvQuf?
wm;[efUjrpfawmfrlvwfwnf;/ /
3/ wm;[efUjrpfawmf? rlvwfaomcg? &wemaumif;? rsm;pGmaygif;vQuf? oGef;avmif;yHkpH?
odMum;zefí? igh[ef½kyfawmf? vGefoifhavQmfonf? nDawmfa&mifnD;? jrwfrked[k?
*kPf[dEHSrfhMum;? igbk&m;onf?
4/ ouftm;oQpfq,f? t&G,fa&mufvm? rsm;rMumvQif? edAÁmef0ifvdrfh? ighoGifyHkxm;?
ighudk,fpm;onf? xif&Sm;a&mifvTwf? vlewfqk&G,f? tudk;uG,fudk? ighES,fcHum?
5/ omoemonf? jrifhMumrsm;ajrmif? ESpfig;axmifonf? &Snfatmifwnf&pf? ighnDppf[k?
zGifhvSpfoHawmf? Asm'dwfazmfí? xdka&mftcg? ol&d,pE´? 0rf;ajrmufvSí?
6/ e&ocif? aZm&TifMunfjzL? qGrf;uyfvSLaomf? ewfvl½dkUxD;? bkef;yD;NyD;cg? rdpädrm0,f?
om0wd¬jynf? pdk;onf&mZ? aumovonf? Ak'¨udk,fpm;? wnfxm;oifhaMumif;?

( 397 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
7/ avQmufawmif;yefrl? pE´ul[k? rTD;MuLeHUxGuf? o&u©Hopf? tESpfjzifhxl;? ½kkyfqif;xkudk?
jyKNyD;aomcg? a'oemESifh? jcif;&mrjym;? xl;rjcm;yif? bk&m;oQifapm? w&m;a[mu?
emaomvlewf? y&dówf½dkU?
8/ tuRwf"r®? &ukefMu\/ rsm;xewfvl? wdkif;jynfolvnf;? ESpfqlbk&m;?
jzpfonfum;wnf;? udk,fpm;tm;vQif? þyifowåK? oyÜnK[k? Munfh½IEdIif;&Sd? rSef;rodatmif?
nD;ajymifajymifwnfh/

(au) &if
1/ vlUabmifwifhw,f? tHzG,fol&J? jrwfpJG&wHk? ajymrukef[k? vlyHkESpfouf?
&Tiftm;wufonf? zl;vQuf½IarQmfrnD;wnf;/ / ½IarQmfrnD;? toD;oD;vQif? jynfBuD;twGif;?
vlcyif;½dkU?
2/ 0yfpif;OD;wif? zl;pdkifwGif0,f? rsm;oCFmysH? t&[HESifh? a&mifvQHNydK;jyuf?
ewf,mOfxufodkU? wufpD;NyD;cg? b*0gonf? 'Gg&m0wD? jynfqDodkUz,f? <uwHkav\/
BuD;awZmoH? bkef;uHawmfvif;? ZrÁLcsif;om;?
3/ rif;"dywd? ol&d,pE´? omoe'g,um? xdk&mZmonf? r[mrked? xGef;nD;ajymifvTwf?
qif;xkjrwfudk? jznfh0wfednOfh? "avhjyKjyK? aumif;rIxyfavmif;? qkawmfawmif;vQuf?
4/ taygif;jynfom;? yknyGm;atmif? w&m;ojzifh? oN*dK[fyifhvQuf? rif;usifhrrSm;?
aysmfpHpm;í? ajzmifhaomwoD;? ewf&GmrSD;rl? om;BuD;emr? ol&d,"dywd? trnf[dvQuf?
bkr®djynfydkif?
5/ b&mxdkifí? &dyfNrdKifprÜ,f? om;NrD;axGvQuf? qufEG,fpdkifvm? ol&d,auwk?
rif;[kouús? cwåd,½dkU? "n0wD? NrdKUXmeDü? vDvDrif;um;? ESpfq,fig;wnf;?
6/ pHpm;&SnfMum? ckESpf&mq,f? ajcmufESpfu,f\/ aemuf0,fESHrfhod? a0omvdwGif?
ol&d,wÍöE´&m;? paomtm;jzifh? aemufum;yJjzL? rif;rlaemufaESmif;? ,dk;acsmif;eHa,mif?
7/ oydwfawmifü? wef;aqmifork'f? pE´*kwf[k? rif;vkyfonfjzpf? wq,fhoQpfESifh?
wGufppf&GDjy? eef;pHcsrl? av;&mhoHk;q,f? pGef;onfoHk;ESpf? aygif;jzpfNrdKUouf?
rif;q,fquf½dkU? wvSpfpHvQuf?
8/ prÜ0ufü? rif;qufjyvQif? irif;iwHk? tp½HkvQuf? aemufwHkrnf[d? rif;ywda&muf?
xD;atmufpHpm;? q,fhig;rif;quf? NrdKUoufrSmrl? p&me0? tufvQifus\/ xdkrSeef;tdrf?

(uJ) aMum
1/ y&defNrdKUrSm? vuf,mrif;eef? tppHí? teE´oD&d? odkUxD;oQpfa,muf? toufaxmufu?
w&mhckESpfq,f? oQpfESpfu,fonf? eef;0,fpHMuNrdKUoufwnf;/ / pHMupdkUpdkU?
2/ a0rdkUrkdUESifh? NcdwfNrdKUOD;zsm;? rif;bkef;pm;rS? jyefyGm;aemufqHk;? iESvHk;wdkif?
vuf½kHrf;qdkifvQuf? pdk;ydkifrif;um;? q,fhig;jzpfay? pHonfaem'Gg? NrdKUZD0gwnf;/
tavmrmjzL? rif;rlwHkvQuf?
3/ NrdKUavmif;MuufwGif? eef;qufaemufpH? apmrGefodkUa&muf? pdkifavQmufumjzpf?
q,fckESpfwnfh/ &efppfaxmifvm? jrr®mwvdkif;? jynfwdkif;udkvk? ppfrufwkvQuf?

( 398 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
4/ rif;jyKcgjzpf? ESpfq,fhwpfESifh? wGufppftwfydnf? a'GwdnfþodkU? ESpfaygif;½dkUwGif?
a&TNrdKUajrmufOD;? wnful;ocsFm? aumZmpJGrSwf? 'Gdaemowfjzifh?
5/ ynwfumjyK? ,cka&mufjzpf? ouú&mZfwdkif? oQifcspfa&mifvif;? ½kkyfawmfqif;udk?
oGef;&if;aumZm? xdkocFsmESifh? &GDumcsifhcsdef?
6/ NrdKUBudrfBudrfwGif? ZedE´qdk? rif;xdx k dk\? xD;udk&dyfaqmif;? pHvDaMumif;jzifh?
½kkH;aygif;aomcg? omoemESifh? nDvmonfjzpf? þodkUppfvQuf? oepfMunfjzL?
aemifoQifvl½dkU? t,lrjym;?
7/ owdxm;í? rSwfom;pdrfhiSm? t>rufrSmonf? vuFmoHcsdKem;Nidrfhwnf;/ / oHcsdKNidrfhNidrfh?
em;udkpdrfhatmif? Mum;ydrfhwdvif;? pum;csif;tHh? oGef;&if;rlv? xdkrSpí? "n0wD?
a0omvDu?
8/ aemufNyD;NrdKUuGuf? prÜ0ufESifh? aemufqufbHktdrf? yk&defNcdwfNrdKU? rif;½dkUynwf?
avmif;MuufajrmufOD;? rnfxl;emr? ajcmufXmewGif? ZD0NrdKUouf? ESpfudkwGufvQif?

(uJ) &if
1/ a&mufxGufaumZm? ocsFmwGufppf? ouú&mZfwdkif? pD;ppfazG&Sm? omoemESifh?
EdIif;umcsifhaxmuf? ydkíarmufc,fh? aemufodkUrqkwf? r,kwftvQOf? rif;pdkifeef;ouf?
2/ [dygvQufudk? ,Gif;uGuft,l? wcsdKUvl½dkU? enf;,lrwGd? pHkpdusrf;wGif? &mZ0ifu?
,cifxHk;a[mif;? taMumif;oabm? ESD;aESmr[d? ajymrdajym&m? 0goemjzifh? r[mrked?
3/ wnf[dudk,fpm;? ½kkyfawmfyGm;udk? bk&m;edAÁmef? vGeo f nfaemufrS? oGef;vkyfMu\?
Ak'¨vufxuf? oGef;pufr[kwf? {u0kpf[k? azmfxkwfajymcg? rvdr®m½dkU? jcif;&mpum;?
jiif;cHkrsm;í
4/ av;yg;yg,fbHk? r,Hkpdwfae? jzpfwHkayrl? Ak'¨uF©wd? tp[dom;? ygVdtvm?
usrf;rSmpum;? ajimifhig;pif;wGif? wacsmif;0ifvdrfh?
5/ txif,Gif;cRwf? odkUrrSwfvifh? w&m;csifhavmh? roifhpum;? þodkUMum;í? bk&m;rIxrf;?
jrwf&mvSrf;om;? r*fvrf;wDxGif? rsm;oCFmxJ? BuD;uJjzpfajrmuf? ygarmu©rnf?
7/ wnfMunfodu©m? *kPmp&d,? emrwGifavQmif;? oHacsmif;[kausmf? q&mawmfvQif?
EdI;aqmfn§dEdIif;? tvkyfcdkif;í? qef;*dkPf;qifjcif? &mZ0ifjzifh? enf;0if½Hk;pk? pDuHk;jyKonf?
a0VK0d[m?
8/ ausmfaZmpGmom;? q&mvlxGuf? vuFmqufonf? 0dwufNidrf;pDaomaMumifhwnf;/ /
rSwfom;vloQif? a&Tem;wifavmh? oHk;cGifxdyfpk? oyÜnK\? ½kkyfxkawmfjzpf?

(aum) aMum
1/ oGef;onfhESpfESifh? wGufppfMunfh&m? omoemESifh? rsm;pGmNrdKUouf? nDayvQufwnf;?
rif;quf½dkUwGif? odkUqifjcifavmh? tMuifrif;wHk? cE¨mukefatmif? vHkrf;pHkESpfavQmuf?
2/ eef;pHajrmuf\/ wa,mufrif;jyK? xdkckouú&mZf? tpjzpf[k? wGufppfpk½kHrf;? oDqHk;ESpfyif?
eef;eD0if\/ oD&SifESpf&yf? ckcsif;xyf\/ rSwftyfowd? þodkU[davmh? ol&d,pE´?
rif;jzpfpu? Ak'¨ra&muf?

( 399 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
3/ rnfrQavmufrS? <uajrmufvmonf? ½kkyfyGm;wnf[k? t&Snftwdk? ESpfudkcsifh½I?
rif;tm,kü? pdikoifh&m? wdkif;jynfrSmvnf;? &mZmrif;jrwf? ESpfvwf[doifh? r[doifh[k?
axmufcsifhpkHprf;?
4/ þodkUrSef;avmh? *Pef;aygufvSJ? eef;oufxJwGif? uJGvGJowwf? ta&;cRwfvdkU?
trSwf&csif? &mZ0ifudk? odjrifvG,fatmif? tapmifapmifESifh? zufarQmifwdkufqdkif?
5/ pmcsif;NydKifvQuf? r@dKiftwl? rsm;&m,lavmh? pdwfjcLaomcg? enf;emESifhcsif;?
ynmvif;tHh? uHjiif;onf[dwf? ESvHk;ydwfvQuf? MunfpdwfjzpfrS? ukodkvf&onf?
6/ okc&vG,fr*fzdkvfwnf;/ / r*fzdkvf&G,f½l? tdkjynfol½dkU? t,lowd? þodkU[davmh?
rsm;bdvlUpnf? ig½dkUjynfü? "GefU&SnfjrifhMum? omoemESifh? jrwfpGmudk,fpm;? ½kkyfawmfyGm;udk?
7/ wnfxm;c,fhjcif;? w&m;rif;um;? cyif;oQifvl? cyfodrf;oludk? om;wlyrm?
&m[kvmodkU? rdwåmawmfyGm;? vGefoem;vQuf? aemifum;csrf;Nidrf? vlUpnf;pdrfESifh?
ewftdrfAdrSmef?
8/ edAÁmefr*fzdkvf? &pDvdk\/ ukodkvfjzpfrI? þodkU½Iavmh? qif;xka&mifjzm? r[mrked?
rnf[dxif&Sm;? udk,fawmfpm;udk? ½dkUum;MuHKBudKuf? zl;wGdxdkufí? OD;wdkuf&onf?

(aum) &if
1/ wdkif;jynftxJ? t,lvJGESifh? pdwfpJGr[d? owdnHefUaysmh? ayghavsmhaomol? xdkoltm;vkHrf;?
b0,IH;onf? uRef;qHk;NrDjcm;? 0D;&yfom;vnf;? tiftm;rcdkif?
2/ ra&mufEdkifc,fh/ uHqdkifíwHk? ig½dkUMuHK[k? Munf,HkaZmEl;? bk&m;xl;udk?
pdwful;ajzmifhajzmifh? owdapmifhavmh/ MuHKacgifhMuHKcJ? vlUbHkyJG0,f? trfhtJrEdkif? EdIif;NydKifr[d?
jrwfrkedudk?
3/ rsufpdxifxif? zl;jrif½IarQmf? ylaZmf½INyD? roDcifü? OD;wdkuf&aMumif;? ½dkUuHaumif;[k?
qkawmif;qk,l? jyKaomolum;? þvlUb0? pkwdMuaomf? av;0tyg,f?
4/ rwG,fwqpf? t&yfjypfodkU? rjzpfwHkjcif;? zD;&efuif;í? oefUcsif;jrwf&m? ewf&GmvlUjynf?
usifvnfacgufacguf? a&mifawmufnD;nD;? AdrSmefBuD;ü? rIwfwD;aomif;oJ?
5/ atmifyJGcHcH? raempHvQuf? zefzefvDvD? avmuDtm½kkPf? umr*kPfudk? &dyfjrHKjynfhNzdK;?
qifhqifhwdk;í? aumif;usdK;BuD;pGm? &NyD;cgrS?
6/ aemifvmoQifyif? xHawmfwGifü? OD;wif"r®? Mum;em&vQif? okcacgiftkyf? r*fzdkcsKyfom;?
avmukwå&m? acrmedAÁmef? a&TjynfrGefodkU? {uef&vG,f? t"dyÜg,fonf
7/ usrf;0,fxif&Sm;[d\wnf;/ / ZmwdnmPfa&mif? xdefvif;ajymifom;?
tacgifjrwfrkedef? rm&Zdefvnf;? tpdaEÅ,? wkr&onf? avmuxGwfxm;? jrwfbk&m;\?
udk,fpm;rSefbd?
8/ ajcmufa&mif[dom;? rkedr[m? Asm'd[mESifh? usdrf;vm*lvdIif;? &u©wdkif;[k? ordkif;emrnf?
"njynfwGif? &DMunfjrjr? csrf;tD;vSom;? *päbe'D? rdIif;&D&DvQif?

(aumf) aMum

( 400 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
1/ jrpfqDvuf,m? &SdrsufESm0,f? jynfomr@dKif? csufc½dkif[k? &cdkifñGefUzl;?
NrdKUajrmufOD;wGif? rnfxl;orkwf? wDxGifckwfvQuf? wnfvkyfonfhESpf? ouú&mZfrl? &mckESpfck?
2/ udk;q,fjyKom;? ESpfckxifpGef;? xD;eef;tp? MuiSef;csvQuf? rif;vSapmrGef? oHk;ESpfpHí?
vGefonfaemufwGif? tvDcif[k? nDvQifjzpfxm;? wq,fhig;wnf;? ukvroQm? bt&mudk?
ydkifumwGufusHK;? ESpfq,fhoHk;wnf;?
3/ odrf;½kkHrf;rm;rm;? om;a'gvQm;rl? pHpm;eef;wGif? q,fESpfyifwnf;? tvDcifom;? (---qdk)?
bapmñdkonf? eef;½dk;pdkifum? ESpfESpfMumu? a'gvQmom;armif? a&Teef;aqmifrSm?
4/ &efatmifckESpf? eDxGufopfodkU? jzpfaywHkNyD;? vlUjynfnD;rS? 0&D;pvif;ol? ckESpf[lvQuf?
rif;rlvGefcg? byrmodkU? &mZmywd? q,fhig;pdom;? jzpfbdwHkNyD;? eef;pdkifrSD;vQuf?
5/ pdk;BuD;odrf;csKyf? ESpfESpftkyfu? wokwfonfhjyif? ajcmufvvQifwnf;? pvif;nDjzL?
rif;acgif[lom;? oD&dokrnf? xdkUaemufonfwHk? wava'gvQm?
6/ om;ykwåm[k? okZwmrif;? ajcmufESpfvQif;wnf;/ pHjcif;&dyfNidrf? eef;a&Ttdrfü?
arGUodrfpHaysmf? rsm;&HabmfESifh? om;awmfNrD;quf? q,fhwqufonf?
7/ EG,fvQufjzpfMuukefbdwnf;/ / EG,fvQufjzpfajrmuf? q,fhwa,muf0,f?
aemufrSwcg? jzpfwHkvmonf? &mZmywd? ausmfuwådES,f? rnf[dwGifjcif;? xdkonfrif;\?
8/ om;&if;rif;yg? eef;bHkom0,f? Bwd,me0? t|wGufppf? ouú&mZfwGif? wufopfeD[ef?
bdodufcí H ? &efvHkydwfqdkU? tifrcsdKUatmif? NrdKUu&d,m? ausmufwdomvQif?

(aumf) &if
1/ ywfum0dkufqdkif;? n§dordIif;í? wHwdkif;usHK;ajrmif;? *lwef;aqmif;ESifh? oQpfaomif;bk&m;?
uefwGif;rsm;jzifh? wnfxm;,wå&m? xdkxdkrSmü? oifh&mjyKysif?
2/ xdkbk&ifonf? pHusifwGufusHK;? ESpfq,fhoHk;rS? a&Tbkef;awmufy? om;wdu©vnf;?
eef;&rif;jzpf? ESpfq,fhESpfwnf;/ om;cspfykawåm? pG,facgacgESif? rif;apmeef;xdkif?
oQpfESpfwdkifvQif?
3/ pdk;ydkifaemuf,l? puf&m[lom;? nDjzLjzpfvm? ESpfowåmwGif? rif;bmom;aESmif;?
rif;zavmif;[k? xD;aqmif;ESpfq,f? ESpfEpS f0,fwnf;? vTJc,fhwcg? om;ykwåm[k?
rif;&mZmBuD;?
4/ eef;pdkifrSD;vQuf? aqmif;xD;aysmfrGd? q,fhudk;pdwGif? &TdvDwHkaoQmif;? b&mavmif;vQuf?
carmif;a&Teef;?
5/ q,fESpfjref;í? vGefawmfrljyK? om;rsuf½I[k? oD&dok"r®m? aomVómwGif?
ewf&Gmaysmfvnf? om;oufa0onf? pHonfeef;ouf? a'G;t|f&ufwnf;/
6/ rif;qufpdkifavQmuf? q,fhudk;a,mufyif? ajrmufxa&Ttdrf? eef;pnf;pdrfudk?
&dyfNidrfpHMuukefNyDwnf;/ pHMuavav? rif;½dkUEG,fudk? jzpfaywHku? nmPfpGrf;jyvQuf?
7/ e&ywd? rnfwGifbdvQuf? eef;[doufppf? ckESpfESpfvQif? jzpfc,fhwvD? eef;½dk;rSDatmif?
nDnmtkyfpdk;? xD;jzLrdk;vQuf? owdk;"r®&mZm? ESpfowåmwGif? cE¨muJGjym;? b&mjim;í?
8/ pE´mokwGif? xdkbk&ifvQif? yv’ifqef;Mu,f? aqmifukefaví? oHk;q,fpdvSm?
om;ykwåmonf? O*gAv? av;ESpfrSwnf;? 0&"r®rnfac:? ESpfESpfay:í? vGefaomfaemuf[k?

( 401 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

(uH) aMum
1/ om;qufjyKonf? rPdokrif;? ESpfESpfwif;wGif? vGefvQifom;armif? owdk;atmifrl?
a&Taqmifeef;xH? ESpfESpfpHrS? vGefvDoDqHk;? om;iwHk;[k? olUbkef;uHjrJ? xD;azG;azG;ESifh?
q,fhav;pHwHk? b&mvHIvQuf?
2/ r&GH0d,? ajcmufESpfrSvQif? umvrE¨mwf? rsdK;udkjzwfí? tvGwfwdkifvm? om;ykwåmvnf;?
e&m'dyÜ? ESpfqufuswGif? tbajcmufESpf? om;ESpfESpfwnf;? jzpfc,fhxdka&mf? AdrSmefay:0,f?
3/ rif;ausmfodif*DPd? ajcmufESpf[du? pdk;bdaemufonf? owdk;rnfom;? r&Snfeef;ouf?
ESpfESpfxufwGif? vGefwHkusifaomf? NrdKUwGif;eef;okef;? MumjrifjrHK;rS? vuf½krf;axmifjy?
0dZ,[k?
4/ jzpfxNzdK;armuf? a&Teef;aqmufvQuf? xD;atmufqef;Mu,f? yv’ifv,frSm?
ESpfq,fru? cgvnf&rl? ol&d,moruf? oHk;ESpfqufí? orufjzpfvm? om;[komvQif?
5/ e&m"dywd? cgvnf[daomf? nmwdjcm;u? y0&onf? vGefc,fh<url? {u0oH?
aemufxvGefwHk? om;rGef0dZvm? ESpfcJGMumonf? qufumnDcspf? "r®&mZfvnf;?
jzpfvwfoa&mf?
6/ OD;&D;awmf[k? eef;ay:&dyfrdk;? wq,fhudk;wnf;/ owdk;tb,? vGefc,fh<url? ykwå&ifEk?
oD&dokvQif? jyKwHkeef;xJ? a'G;vcJGü? vTJumnDvS? y&ronf? jzpfxaysmfrGd? oHk;ESpfpdaomf?
eef;\r[m?
7/ &mZm[lom;? cgwyg;ü? pufrufwdkufí? xdcdkufpGifhpGifh? (udk;ESpfESifhyif? q,fcGifh&[k)?
wzefvkí? rif;okre? oHk;ESpfrQyif? 0drvufquf? a&Teef;wufí? &ufav;q,fjzpf?
w&HESpf[k? "r®&mZf[def;?

(uH) &if
1/ olUacwfusdef;aMumifh? ydkifodrf;qHk[dwf? atmiferdwfjzifh? bdodufpHeef;? ajcmufESpfjref;í?
ewfvrf;<uu? orw[k? jzpfxpdk;ydkif? oHk;ESpfxdkifvQif? r@dKifrdkUrdkU? ajrmufOD;NrdKUY?
rif;½dkUudkaygif;?
2/ &GDwHkavQmif;aomf? xD;aqmif;tppf? av;q,fhoQpfonf? jzpfNyD;{uHrvJGwnf;/ /
t|pwk? rif;aygif;pkwGif? aemufqHk;tp? orw[k? &mZbk&if? vufxufwGifü?
wdkif;cGifoQifvl? rD;odkUylc,fh? jynfolrl;rwf? tusifhcRwfí?
3/ owfjzwf&efppf? vDvDjzpfc,fh? ouú&mZfaumZm? qp&mESifh? {um{u? xdkumv0,f?
nefUxudef;cef;? odkufed'gef;aMumifh? xD;eef;n§dK;cdkuf? xdkcgBudKufí? &Sdüw½dk;?
tmPmrdk;onf?
4/ trsdK;jrr®m? rsm;AdkvfygESifh? &u©mywfukrf;? EdkifiHvkrf;udk? odrf;½kkrf;zsufqD;? bk&mBuD;udk?
yifhNyD;wHkjim;? 0efcHxm;onf? &Sdzsm;tp? rnfemrum;? eE´yusef? aemufwdkuf0efvQif?
5/ vmjyef&dyfNidrf? acgufwBudrfwnf;/ ykodrfa&mufx? armifausmfvS[k? aemufrSwdkif;'g;?
qifhqifhyGm;í? zGm;zGm;jrpf,Suf? anmifvQifMuufodkU? ig;qufuusL;? 0ef&mxl;ESifh?

( 402 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
6/ pdefyl;vufxuf? ESpfudkwGufaomf? waxmifay:í? ausmfonfw&m? ajcmufq,frSmyif?
nDnmjzjz? csif;jyefxí? r&Edkifbd? olUacwf[dí? w&dowå? {u{upf? ouú&mZfwGif?
jzpfatmifpifjzL? csif;jyefvlvnf;?
7/ xlírEdkif? oHausmufwdkifodkU? cdkifonfxdka&mf? w&HaomfwHk? taemf&xm? bJGUonmESifh?
armifMum½dk;qkyf? wzeftkyfí? w½kkwf0efa&muf? pdudk;a,mufwGif? taemufjcm;[l?
oQifrjzLaMumifh?

(um;) &if
1/ &efrlMuwHk? usdef;cdkufMuHKí? aemuf[kefwvTm;? &cdkifrsm;ESifh? ñTefvm;c&D;? MuHpnfyD;í?
wdkufNyD;wGef;vSef? aqmf&rf;jyefu? ,rf;yHkrD;vQdKU? yrmodkUvQif? ydwfqdkUrjrJ? AHk;ESifhMuJaomf?
anmifvJodkUxHk;? jrr®m,IHrf;\/ odrf;½Hkrf;NrdKUwGif;?
2? ukvm;rif;vnf;? cif;onfaumZm? qt|mESifh? {um{u? wef;cl;vwGif? rdó&moD?
rukefrSDwnfh? wdkif;qDc½dkif? ckxufwdkifvQif?
3/ ydkifydkifum;um;? av;NrdKUpm;[k? ukvm;ynwf? ywfwifowfudk? cefUtyf[donf?
xdka&TjynfNrdKU? rsdK;rnfuJGaoQmif;?
4/ taMumif;aMumif;jzifh? zavmif;jrr®m? pD&if&mudk? cHumeD&? &SnfjrifhpGwnf;/
aemufrSr@dKif? tkyfpdk;ydkifí? &cdkifrif;avmif;?
5/ xD;jzLaqmif;vQuf? rif;aygif;OD;ESdrf? tBudrfBudrfvQif? vSH&dE´rm? ewfp~uúmESifh?
&mZrif;zsm;? rif;bk&m;[k? um;um;vSHa&mif?
6/ rSefuif;axmifodkU? MuHaqmif,lusHKrf;? ZrÁLvkHrf;udk? a&Tbkef;ya'? rdk;BuD;apGodkU?
eDES,fyGifhwl? jzpfvdrfh[lonf?
7/ olZmodMum;ozG,fwnf;/ ouú&mZf 1243 - ck? wef;cl;väef; (10)&uf?

aemuf (yDcH) tzHk;w&GufwGif

1243 waygif;vqef; 2 &uf peD

eDxGufwydktcsdefavmufwGif NyD;jynfhpHkygonf/
armifompdef vuf&GD;jzpfygonfbk&m; - [kygonf/

þyDapmifonf &rf;jAJNrdKU o&ufacsmif;wGif[dygonf/

1348 - ck? eH,Hkvjynfhausmf (10) &uf? (02/07/86) ed nZm (4) csufwD;ausmfrSm
ul;,lcygonf/ toQif (&cdkifjynf)

þpmrltm;vnf; aemufxyfryl Gm;rsm;ESifhn§dEdIif;í trSefqHk;jzpfatmif

aqmif&GufuwfygvD/

( 403 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
pmvHk;ray:ojzifh ]odif*D} [k owfyHkajymif;&GD;xm;ygonf/ pmvHk;owfyHkwcsdKUudk
taumif;qHk;jzpfatmif jyKysifxm;ygonf/ (uGif;) jyxm;onfh pmydk'frsm;ü t"dyÜg,f
aumif;aumif;r,Sif;yg/ rlyGm;rsm;ESifh n§dEdIif;wdkufqdkifzdkU vdktyfygonf/

&cdkifompGavvuFm
(1)
tdkavjynfol? tdkrsm;vl½dkU? a&Tem;cHcH? ompGoHjzifh? usHusH&ifhusL;? 0rf;El;pbG,f?
ed'gef;oG,fydefU? rnfMunfb'´? þuyÜ0,f? ig;0oQifenf;? yGifhrnfcsnf;wGif?
ausmfoJbkef;0Sef? uuúKoHu? oQifrGefa*ge? uóyESifh? a*gwrrnf? xGef;bkef;pnf½dkU?
MunfMunfrdefUcGef;? Asm'dwfñTef;onf? awmifuRef;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav?
ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(2)
ñTef;onfhAsm'dwf? av;&yfrdwfaMumifh? erdwfOwÅ? "n0wD? jynfodif*D[k? usL;csDacsmufrwf?
½dkUjynfjrwfum;? iwfrGwf&Dqef? w&Hr[d? ewfbHk&SdvQif? om,dom,m? tajympGm\?
cgcgapGNzdK;? a&TaiGrdk;onf? NzdK;NzdK;oGefcs? &GmeDusaMumifh? oHk;0uyfzD;? ruyf0D;onf?
csrf;tD;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(3)
0D;onfruyf? zD;rsdK;vGwfom;? atmif&yfr@dKif? jynf&cdkif0,f? ,SOfNydKifpD;us? *päyvQif?
jrpfre'D? jzm;OD;csDom;? odif*DatmifrdkU? 0wðNrdKUodkU? ESpfvdkUompG? NrdKU"nudk? ousEG,fzGm;?
oufrom;[k? tZÆKeoGD;? qif;Nidrf;tD;vQif? &efzD;vnf;csdK;? xD;eef;ysdK;onf?
aomif;rdk;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(4)
ysdK;onfhxD;eef;? EG,frsdK;xGef;vQuf? bkef;yef;yGifhvif;? xdkonfrif;rS? qif;oufig;q,f?
av;qufuG,fu? eDEG,f&if;csm? uH&mZmvQif? yÍöme&D? ewfa'0DESifh? wdrfeDjrifhaqmif;?
ausmufyef;awmif;0,f? NrdKUa[mif;wnfc,fh? &efrsdK;r,fhí? ESpfq,fhav;ESpf? pdk;onfjzpfrS?
pGefUypfa,SmifoG,f? NrdKU&SmazGonf? a&Tjynfr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(5)
azGonfhNrdKU&Sm? vm;wHkcgü? odrf&mork'f? oD&d*kwfudk? BudK;ukwfNrdKUwnf? rjzpfonfaMumifh?
a&T&nfvQH0if;? &Sd&Sdrif;½dkU? p&if;Xme? NrdKU"nudk? ouújyñTef? wnfvwfjyefrS?
om;rGefNrD;añ§muf? pdkifraumufbJ? oQpfa,mufESpfusdyf? apm&efESdyf½dkU? bkef;&dyf0if;0if;?

( 404 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
awZmvif;onf? aomif;wGif;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(6)
vif;onfhawZm? vlUxGwfcsmodkU? uGyfcgNyD;rS? NrdKU"n0,f? pE´ol&d,m? rif;o'´g[k?
&mZmbkef;jrwf? ork'fewfvQif? apmjrwfbkef;[d? jrwfrked[k? BuD;bdawaZmf? ½kyf&Sifawmfudk?
0SefausmfxkwfavQmuf? b0*fa&mufrQ? oGef;ajrmufvDjim;? ylaZmfxm;aomf? oHk;yg;ewfvl?
udk;&mrlonf? ZrÁLr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av?
ompGav/

(7)
rlonfudk;&m? oQifr[mudk? oGef;&mwnfjim;? xdkrif;om;\? wom;xifrS? ol&d,[k?
wGifMuwvD? apmbkef;0D½dkU? yOfADorSwf? vGefMuvwfaomf? rif;jrwf&efzsm;? p`E´m;vQif?
cGmjim;a,SmifvGifh? uefoHk;qifh0,f? xD;yGifhwESpf? pHrjzpfu? wvSpfpGefUum? NrdKUeef;&Smonf?
jynfom@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(8)
&SmonfNrdKUeef;? apm&efxGef;um;? jynfñTef;MunfjzL? odMum;ulonf? 0SefqlEIef;od?
a0omvd[k? yl&domacgif? NrdKUrsm;aemifudk? wnfaxmifeef;cs? pdk;vDuvQif? Z0ZD&m?
vSHp~uúmESifh? 'Dygygwfukef;? aomif;cGefusHK;í? &pfcsHK;awZm? bkef;ñGefUjzmvQuf? &mZmp`E´m;?
udk;qufpm;onf? rif;zsm;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mihf? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av?
ompGav/

(9)
pm;onfudk;quf? pdkifrysufbJ? awmufxGufxdyfyef? aemifrif;vGefí? jynfrGefyl&d?
a0omvd0,f? qNE´dar,k? N*dK[fpk,mr? ouú&mZm? a&mufaomcgü? bmomrwl? crD;vlpk?
NrdKwkNrdKysuf? xD;eef;wufí? qufívQifysL;? ajrmufOD;xl;vQuf? &TifjrL;eef;rSm?
q,fESpfMumonf? atmifcsmr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(10)
Mumonfq,fESpf? vGefNyD;&pfrS? wvSpfcGma,Smif? oydwfawmifudk? wnfaxmifpdk;ajrmuf?
vsifNyD;aemuf0,f? bkef;armufrm;rm;? p`E´m;oGD;? qif;Nidrf;tD;vQif;? irif;iwkef;?
vlxdyfbkef;um;? &SdxHk;rysuf? prÜ0ufudk? o~uúpfocsFm? oHk;&mig;q,f? ajcmufck0,fü?
eDEG,fbkef;pGifh? xD;eef;zGifhonf? NrdKUjrifhr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

( 405 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(11)
zGifhonfxD;eef;? vlUxdyfyef;um;? bkef;xGef;pHy? aZmADownf;? xdkuvGwfvQif?
acwÅoifonf? bcifig;&m? jznfhwif;&maMumifh? yÍömac:wGif? NrdKUa&Tpifudk?
wnfxGifpdk;ajrmuf? q,frif;aemufü? befk;awmufvQHjrL;? rif;bDvl;tm;? MuHxl;owfvQuf?
rwfrsdK;wufí? oHk;qufwdkifatmif? rwfrsdK;axmifonf? omacgifr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh?
omvDpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(12)
axmifonfxD;eef;? rwfrsdK;xGef;aomf? *kPfyef;yGifhoH? jynfaygufuHu? rif;eefvuf,m?
rsdK;oufsmudk? &mZmpnfol? yefUaxmufulí? jyLESifhwvdkif;? odrf;pD;vdIif;vQuf?
rkefwdkif;ivsif? awmfav;tifodkU? ajrjyifoGufcg? ynfocsFmESifh? q|pwk? aumZmckwGif?
&efokokwfoif? a&Teef;wifonf? aomif;cGifr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav?
ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(13)
wifonfa&Teef;? vlxdyfxGef;[k? ewfeef;bHkom? rif;vuf,mvQif? pGefUcGma,SmifxGuf?
NrdKUavmif;Muuf0,f? jzL&GufjzefUrdk;? oHk;ESpfpdk;onf? aumif;usdK;r[d? jzpfvwfbdu?
t|q|m? pwk&mrl? aumZma&mufBudrf? cg&Hcsdef0,f? yk&drfNrdKUopf? axmifumvSpfí?
oHk;ESpfpHaomf? ewfxHaysmfonf? jynfawmfr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(14)
aysmfonfhewfxH? xdkrif;vGefu? ig;wefxD;pdu
k f? aemufqHk;ESpf0,f? aomif;xdkufxGef;y?
aumvd,[k? vlUb&mZm? rif;r[mvQif? tÍöee'D? aemufurf;rSDí? odif*DNydK;jyuf?
ajcmufa&mifxGufom;? wkbufuif;NyD;? r[mxD;udk? aumif;csD;Ekabmf? ewfvlaMumfvQuf?
tHarmftHrl;? wnfxm;zl;onf? aomif;OD;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(15)
zl;onfwnfxm;? xdkrif;om;um;? odMum;qufo? vSHysHrudk? vuf&&efrSD? q,fcgBudrfí?
*kPfodrfbJGUr? csDusL;Muom;? 'o&mZm? vlUxdyfcsmvQif? r[mrkPd? xGwfoD&dudk?
yifhbd,,k? t*¾ñk0,f? ajymif;jyKwnfjim;? ylaZmfxm;u? oHk;yg;oHai:?
aumif;csD;aMumfonf? jynfawmfr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(16)

( 406 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aMumfonfaumif;csD;? xdk;rif;BuD;rS? yGm;pD;wquf? vGefuysufaomf? o~uúpfocFsm?
aema'G;,mESifh? yÍöma&mufjim;? rif;zkef;pm;onf? pGefUvm;azG&Sm? NcdwfNrdKUomudk?
wnfumeef;aqmuf? pdk;tkyfajrmuf0,f? waxmufESpfwef? rif;rsm;vGefaomf?
0efwdkusifhcRwf? pvif;rwfvQif? rsdK;jrwfvk,uf? xD;eef;wufonf? awmufxGwfr@dKif?
&cdkifoma,mifh? omvDpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(17)
wufonfxD;eef;? trwfoGef;tm;? bkef;yef;yGifhvif;? rOÆLoif;vQif? twif;owfjzwf?
okwfoifvwfrS? wifhjrwfom,m? NrdKUyÍömudk? ig;&mausmfvpf? av;q,fESpf[k?
wGufppfudef;wGif;? wnfzefqif;\? xdkrif;NyD;aemuf? q,fhig;a,mufvQif? razmufrjyef?
bkef;rsdK;vGefí? bkef;oHausmf[dk;? pHMupdk;onf? aomif;rdk;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh?
om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(18)
tydk'faysmuf

(19)
[lonfiqif? xdkrif;vQifum;? eef;cGifoHk;ESpf? pdk;wHkvSpfrS? bkef;opfnD;nD;? rif;rif;xD;vQif?
rBuD;0,? owÅrQwnf;? ouúwGufcsuf? ajcmuf&muGufwGif? pGef;xGufav;q,f?
oHk;ESpf0,fü? eef;v,fpHwifh? &efrsdK;vTifhu? ewfESifhwEdIif;? ig½dkUwdkif;0,f? ynfvdIif;okau©?
0ajympnfonf? 'Dayr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av?
ompGav/

(20)
pnfonf0ajym? ½dkUjynfaMum0,f? rif;apmxdyfcs,f? pdk;cg0,fü? e,fjynfowfrSwf?
ydkifonfh&yfum;? jrpfjrwfbm*&e'D? 0J,mrSDom;? *ZD&m'gum? armufolZmESifh?
AsLvTmprÜm,f? q,fhESpfoG,fvQif? ajymus,fbknm? rl&mbmj'if? oQLemuif[k? &if*grwD?
aZmf*Dw,m? trnfomonf? jynfcsmr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(21)
omonftrnf? jrHKrif;jynfu? oufjynfwoD;? aomif;wD;[wÅd,m? buúvm[k?
oQKoQmpNE´Dzkwf? oD&d*kwfuvem? AuúvmuwÅKa&? waxG{ua&m? waMumtóa&mif?
e,fukefatmifwnf;? &Sdabmifjrefrm? pdk;onfrSmvnf;? rdpäm*D&d? o&ufxdvQif?
xGef;ñ§d0ef;ajymif? bkef;rD;avmifonf? aomif;acgifr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav?
ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

( 407 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(22)
avmifonfhbkef;rD;? [kef;[kef;nD;vQif? jynfBuD;omvS? rpädrudk? vuf&pdk;ydkif? rsdK;&cdkifonf?
OD;udkifxdyfoD;? xdkrif;xD;um;? tHhcsD;pHajrmuf? w&mhajcmufwnfh? ydkifaxmufpdk;um?
vGefNyD;cgrS? eef;ñ§mav;cuf? uRHvGefysufaomf? ESpfquftrwf? tusifhcRwfí?
rvGwftwif;? tmPmcGif;onf? aomif;wGif;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? omvDpGav?
ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(23)
cGif;onfhtmPm? rwfESpfjzmudk? uG,fcgrysuf? NrdKUavmif;Muuf0,f? bkef;wufñGefUvl?
&mZolvQif? quf,la&TxD;? vGefvwfNyD;aomf? woD;qifhaxmuf? ESpfqufajrmuf0,f?
raygufbkef;rD;? rBuD;tm;oef? rif;apmrGefaMumifh? ESpfrGefwGufppf? o~uúpft|? qowÅwGif?
"natmifNr?D teDrvS? ysufudef;usonf? &u©r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? omvDpGav?
ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(24)
usonfysufudef;? tloHzdef;rQ? txdef;r[d? qlbdyGufyGuf? wcsufjrefrm? wcgwvdkif;?
oligydkif;vQuf? ,SOfNydKif;ppfbuf? wjcufjcufvQif? roufrom? eDMucgü? &mZmapmrGef?
a&mufvmjyefí? wzefavmif;Muuf? wnfvmqufaomf? &efbufcyfodrf;?
uif;Nidrf;aysmufvGifh? xD;eef;zGifhonf? aomif;cGifhr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? omvDpGav?
ompGav? &cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(25)
pGifhonfxD;jzL? qufumxlvQuf? eDrlESpfESpf? usdK;rjzpfaomf? wvSpf,if;u? odMum;jyom;?
rdk;0a&mifjrL;? Mu,faomuf½I;odkU? ajrmufOD;rnfom? NrdKUatmifcsmudk? wnfumpifppf?
oDrnfjzpfvnf;? NrD;jrpfpdkifquf? bkef;ñGefUwufvQuf? rysufyGm;pnf? &Snfvwfrnfudk?
jrifonftrSef? tqHk;cHonf? aomif;pGefr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? omvDpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(26)
cHonftqHk;? udk,fawmfvHk;ESifh? &TifjyHK;omMunf? rvG,fwnfonf? *kPf&nfvQHjzm?
owÅomwnf;? pHumoHk;aqmif;? ewf&Gmajymif;aomf? rif;aumif;q,fjyef?
uG,fvGefvwfbd? jynfyl&d0,f? qdyf[dxefjyif;? e*g;rif;vQif? 0if;0if;bkef;a&mif?
xGef;vif;ajymifonf? aomif;acgifr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(27)

( 408 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
ajymifonfuRef;vHk;? awZmcsHK;vQuf? wGufusHK;ocFsm? rm,mqDjcHK? AoQL;MuHKu?
a&TbHkeef;xuf? e*g;wufaomf? bkef;puf0Sef0g? rpädrmü? tmPmxefjyif;? ukvm;rif;vnf;?
rwif;0efUxD? pufatmufcGDí? wvDpHpdk;? a&TxD;rdk;aomf? EIef;udk;rEdkif? NydKifonfuif;0D;?
owif;rTD;onf? csrf;tD;r@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? om,mpGav? ompGav? &cdkifom;av?
ompGav/

(28)
rTD;onfowif;? e*g;rif;[k? wkuif;rif;Aif? vGefNyD;vQifvnf;? wdkif;cGifa&Tol?
bkef;ñGefUvlvQuf? &GD,lckESpf? aESmif;pGjzpfom;? EG,fppfom*D? rif;[&DwGif? a'0Dnmaysmf?
usifhrawmfí? aygif;azmf,SOfyg;? avmif;Muufpm;ESifh? w&m;rod? oufa&mufNidu?
Zmwdrjywf? vifudkowfonf? aomif;xGwfr@dKif? &cdkifoma,mifh? omvDpGav? ompGav?
&cdkifom;av? ompGav/

(tydk'frsm;pGmusefygodrfhonf/ aemufxyf&SmazGjznfhpGufMuyg/)
pmvHk;aumif;aumif;ray:ojzifh odi*f D [lí ajymif;&GD;xm;ygonf/

&cdkifuAsmopfysdK;cif;
tvSppf
vHk;0rod? rodonfudk
odonfodkYES,f? pum;<u,f\/

trSefr[d? r[donfudk
[donftvm;? vdrfvSnfhzsm;\/

tu,fpifppf? rjzpfonfudk
jzpfonfvdkvdk? tajymcsdK\/

aocsmt[kwf? r[kwfonfudk
[kwfonfa,mifa,mif? tuGefaqmif\/

rku©ß{uef? rrSefonfudk
rSefonfhyrm? vdrfvnf0g\/

( 409 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

vl½dkUqHkMu? þavmu0,f
vdrfMu0gMu? [efaqmifMuonfh
b0twk? [efaqmifrIudk
,ckvufjiif;? oifhudk,fwGif;u
yg,f,Sif;ypfvQif? oifhtoGifonf
yDjyifydkvSvmvdrfYwum;/

(rif;jym;aiGxGef;)

enf;vrf;
zdEdSyfu wGef;uef
odyÜH\w&m; --/

jyóemod tajzn§d
nmPf\pGrf;yum; --/

armifvkvif (rif;jym;)

uavmifopf\qE´
pmyDpdwfeefY? todjyefYzdkY
rwGefYrqkwf? vHkYvxkwfum
wyk'fuAsm ydkYvdkufaw --/

y,fNyD;acgufxm;? rpOf;pm;vnf;
rSm;rSm;rSefrSef? tm;rmeftjynfh
NcDvSrf;jznfhAsm? tvuFmvrf;
ta&mufvSrf;rnf? rSef;&G,f&Sdquf
igcsDwufau
w&ufatmifjrif&vdrfhrnf --/

usdef;ñGefU (rif;jym;)

( 410 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

qHkH;jzwfcsuf
Zmolajcmufajcmuf
igraMumuf --/

Zmolajr§mufajr§muf
igrajrmuf --/

ZmolacsmYacsmY
igraysmY --/

pdwf"gwfcdkifrm? jywfom;pGmeefY
vdk&myef;zl;? &atmifcl;rnf
½l;a&qdkvnf; qdkvDzd --/

(jynfcdkifpdk;)

twå\tvif;wef;
ig - ZmtaumifvJ
a0cGJrod rmefwuf\ --/

ig - ZmtaumifvJ
a0cGJwGif;od rmefuif;\ --/

yuwdw&m;? owdxm;NyD;
rSefrSm;qifjcif? tod0ifrS
b0ifNidrf;tD;&vdrfhwum; --/

(t½dkif;)

qHawmf&Sifbk&m; zl;aZmifvm;

( 411 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

oZifyef;ckdif? wNrdKifNrdKifau? eHUBudKifxkHrTD;

vewfawmfav? oZifoif;au? ESif;tD;tD;eefY
pkd;rJusDav? awmifNcD&Gmpyf? watmifh&yfysm,f
awmifaMumudkausmf? qHawmf&Sifav? oQifausmfbk&m;
zl;aZmifvm;rnf? ompGav/
om,mtD;av? ompGav/

(&Sif) udk (Rhun) [kzwfyg/

(armifaumufpH)

OD;&mZfawmfudk zl;ygcvdkuf
(1)
&u©yl&D? wdkif;XmeDrSm
ZmwDykxkd;? trsKd;rsKd;vQif
jynfhNzdK;pkHnD? [dygvDjim;
trsm;vloQif? OD;xdyfwifau
oQifyifOD;&mZf? "gwfawmfppfukd
opömwdkifwnf? edAÁmef&G,fí
MunfñdkylZm? apwemESifh
o'¨g,dkzdwf
tusKd;vkdau? ukodkvfpdwfjzifh
awmifxdyfcsmrSm? r[mrif;aumif;
zavmif;&mZm? wnfcygau
jrifomav;&yf
vGefxifay:au? "gwfawmfjrwfudk
½kdñGwfOD;wif? roDcifvQif
t,ifvmvkdY zl;ygcvdkuf/

(2)
awmifxdyfcsmu? MunfhygvDwkdif;
rIdif;rdIif;0D0D? vDvnf;jzL;jzL;
vdIif;tljrL;vdkU? 0rf;El;pzG,f
jrpfyifv,fESifh? BuD;i,fvSDavmif;

( 412 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
aomif;aomif;nHnH
bJ[oFmrSm? 0JumysHvdkU
waMumfaMumf? ac:oHvnf;usL;
MunfEl;p&m
toHem;rSm? Mum;&ygaomf
om,mysHysL;;? &TifaysmfjrL;a&
om,mtD;av? ompGav
om,mpGav? ompGav/

(3)
awmifxdyfcsmu? MunfhygvDwkdif;
rIdif;rIdif;ñdkYñkdY? rkdYrkdYawmawmif
jyifv,fa*gifrSm? rdk;arSmif0ef;0dkuf
pdwfqef;Mu,fau? vGrf;zG,fjzpfvdkU
ESpfoufMunfvif? rsuf0g;xifau
jrif&ygaomf? &ifrSmtD;csrf;
pdwfvnf;0rf;om? om"kac:a&
om,mtD;av? ompGav
om,mpGav? ompGav/

("nOD;)

ywÅem
av -- tm&u©wnfh
½kd;rr[m? rm;rwfpGmvQif
tmumrSDqkdif;? NydKif;NydKif;&H<u
jra&mif0Dqm? þeD&mum;
r[mrked? wkr[du
xGef;n§domoem? yGifhvef;jzmí
opömav;vD? OD;xdyfcsDau
0wDav;&yf? aygif;pyfNrJNrH
ewfXmefbkHom? wkoDwmykdif
om,mcsrf;jr ompGav/

av -- tm&u©wnfh

( 413 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
jrtPÖ0g? us,fajympGmvQif
v[meuf,dIif;? &DwHwkdif;ESifh
0kdufokdif;uRef;ñkd? xkdxkde'D
acsmif;vDvDESifh? pHknDrSefpGm
oQpfjzmtHhzG,f? þyifv,fum;
oQpfzG,f*kPf0g? omoemykdif
om,mcsrf;jr ompGav/

av -- tm&u©wnfh
jrtPÖ0g? r[m½kd;r
apmifhavQmufMu&m? r[m0d[ðu
&u©yl&D? jrwfXmeDtm;
&DNrDb@m? o,HZmESifh
bmompmyD? wkd;pDwufpD
zGHGUNzdK;pDiSm? ywåem\
om,mcsrf;jr ompGav/
ompDaom0fav ompGav/

(atmifpkH)
ywåem=qkawmif;jcif;

tmoQeD0ef; oQif&[ef;
e,fcsJUol½kdU
vk,ltkyfpkd;? "g;rkd;Ncdrf;ajcmuf
taMumufw&m;? wkyfaESmifxm;vkdY
jym;jym;0yf0yf? jzpfeDuwfcsdef/

e,fcsJUol½kdU
rif;rltm;okH;? tarSmifzkH;vkdY
vlvkH;rvS? ,lusKH;r&
b0vljzpf,IH;uwfcsdef/

e,fcsJUol½kdU
uvlESdyfpuf? vufeuftm;ukd;
rpkd;"r®? tmoQwcGif

( 414 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
0ef;usiftm;vkH;? tarSmifzkH;vkdY
tqkH;c&D;? tjrif0D;csdef/

nOfhokdifacgif\
tarSmifukdcGif;? tvif;jyLxGuf
wufpeD0ef;? oQif&[ef;av
vrf;pñTefjycvDa&/

trsKd;om;a&;
pum;vnf;ajym? w&ma[mAsm,f
waMumtmoQ? vGwfvrf;&zkdY
b0ukdyD;? awmfvSefNyD;au
c&D;Murf;ukdESifca&/

&[ef;qkdpGm
udk,fusKd;ukdxuf? rsm;usKd;wGufukd
wG,fzufcH,l? erlemjy
b0pGefYvm;? toQifum;rl
bk&m;avmif;xkH;? ESvkH;rlvsuf
aqmif&GufBudK;yrf;cvDa&/

toQifOD;Owår? &ckdifjynfu
tm&SeD0ef;? oQif&[ef;av --/

(oEÅmarmifarmif)

qifem
'gPf&mu vufwqpf
uRD;vdkufpGmu rdk;BudK;ypf --/

cE¨mudk,ftBuD;roef
tpG,fvHjywfeefU
udk,fhOD;pD;udk,fjyefowf
udk,fhwyfudk,fjyefeif;
wdkufyJGoGif;cDrdpGmu

( 415 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
(aBomf) rSm;cvDjcif; --/

(aemifat;)

qif (eefU) csydk;

ta&mifcsif;wlauvJh
taumif;csif;urwl --/

(omvSOD;)

yef;wkdifokdU
vrf;
Murf;csifMurf;rnf --/

c&D;
0D;csif0D;rnf
ta&;rBuD; --/

vHk;csif;usefvnf;
tvHrvSJ
vufwJGxm;cdkifcdkif --/

(&ckdifhpmyDawmfvSefa&; c&D;yef;wdkifqDokdU)

armifvlrIdif; (ajryHk)

qufcHjcif;
yef;qdkau
EGrf;wwfaw --/

( 416 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
prf;qdkau
crf;wwfaw --/

wyGifhyef;rSm
EGrf;ajcmufygvnf;
t&myef;aygif;
axmifaomif;rsm;pGm vef;vdrfhrnf --/

wckprf;rSm
crf;aysmufygvnf;
t&mprf;aygif;
odef;oef;rsm;pGm xGef;vdrfhrnf --/

(atmifZHk)
(June 28, 2006)

r&GD;jzpfcaom uAsmwyk'f
t0D;qHk;udk avSmfcwfvm;auvJh
ckef;wdkifu BudK;rqHk;Edkifyg --/

xGufayguf NyD;ayguf
vGwfayguftxifvnf;
tvGrf;oifhpGmydkif jzpfwwf,ifh --/

c&D;OD;BudKol
eDylxJu rsufESm
rdMumjzL
olcspfaw vlwa,mufyg --/

a[mif;EGrf;'dkif,m&DxJu
tjyif;xefqHk; wGef;tm;wck
tvSqHk; edopfysdK;zdkU
eDñdkñdk ykZGeq
f Da&mifroef;cif
(olUudktm;yD;,if;)
pmqdkudk qufawG;cGifhjyKyg --/

( 417 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

r&GD;jzpfca& uAsmwyk'f
tcef;tem;qHk; cHpm;zJGUpDzdkU --/

(ykPÖm;uRef;Zl;a0)

iydvdkvm; qm;vdkvm;
armif;armif½dkU wdkufpGm
vDvm; --/

armif;armif½dkU wdkufpGm
Murf;vm; --/

armif;armif½dkU wdkufpGm
ajymif;vm; --/

armif;armif½dkU azmufpGm
0g;ajymufvm; --/

xm;vdkufyg armif;armif
,if;pum;
tvum; em;cg;a& --/

iydvdkvm; qm;vdkvm;
(ajym) --/

(a,mufrwHk;acs)

vlESpfrsdK;
qJGcswJGcs
qJGac:wJGac:/

cdkifBuD; (uae'g)

( 418 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;

&cdkifuAsmpmwrf;
tusEfkyf½dkUonf &cdkifpum;udkajymonf/ &cdkifuAsmudkzwfonf/ &cdkifuAsmudk&GD;onf/
tusEfkyf½dkU\rdbrsm;ESifh oli,fcsif;rsm;? nDtpfudkarmifESrrsm;ESifh &cdkifaumif;cif
atmufu &yfxJ&GmxJ awmxJawmifxJü ajymaompum;rsm;udk&m tusEfkyf½dkUuAsmxJü
wGd&ygrnf/ tusEfkyf½dkUyg;pu xGufonfudk&m &GD;ygonf/ tusEfkyf½dkU&ifxJu
cHpm;eD&pGmudk&m &GD;ygonf/ tusEfkyf½dkU&ifxJü jzpfwnfeDpGmudk&m &GD;ygonf/ tusEfkyf½dkU
rajympGmudk r&GD;yg/ rcHpm;pGmudk r&GD;yg/ &ifxJrSm r[drwnfpGmudk r&GD;yg/ [ðopöm/

yifv,fESifh½dk;ronf tusEfkyf½dkU\trdESifhtzjzpfygonf/ tusEfkyf½dkU\ESvHk;om;?

tusEfkyf½dkU\ezl;? vufz0g;NcDz0g;½dkUü &cdkifwHqdyfcwfESdyfNyD;om;jzpfygonf/
tusEfkyf½dkUonf &cdkifpum;udkajymonf/ tusEfkyf½dkU&cdkifpum;jzifh tusEfkyf½dkU &cdkif
uAsm&GD;onf/ aus;Zl;odvQifrjiif;yguYJ/ uAsm[lonf bmompum;\ tñGefYtzl;
jzpfygonf/ uAsm[lonf eufvQdKif;odrfrGdNyD; pl;,Sjyif;xefaom tEkynm jzpfygonf/
&cdkifuAsmonf ½dk;rawmifNcDüyGifhaom yef;aygif;t&mtaxmifxJu awmf0ifoZif
jzpfygonf/

&cdkifuAsmonf udk,f½dkU&cdkifbmompum;a0g[m&rsm;udk vHkvHkNcHKNcHK xdef;odrf;xm;onfh

&wemawwÅmwvHk;jzpfygonf/ uAsmtvkyf[lonf ordkif;yD;wm0ef udpöw&yfjzpfygonf/
&cdkifuAsmonf &cdkif½dkU\acwfNydKif&ifckefoHudk pGefYypfjiif;qefvdrfhrnfr[kwfyg/
opömpum;jzpfygonf/ &cdkifuAsmü orufwufaMumfjim? bk&m;yGJaMumfjim? igh0g'aMumfjim?
xdkcsifha'csifhaMumfjimrsm;udk rarQmfvifhyguYJ/ &cdkifuAsmonf tdefwmewf? tD;ar;vfudk
aysmMunfharQmfZyfNyD; vQm&nfusa&eDonfh taumifr[kwfyg/ tMurf;zufrI?
"gwkvufeuf? ZD0vufeufrsm;udkrkef;onfhvlom;jzpfygonf/ vifoDrqracsu
wa,mufwnf;om;udkcspfawydkif Nidrf;csrf;a&;udkcspfygonf/

&cdkifuAsmrSm a*gif;aqmifr[d/ wynfhr[d/ aemufvdkufr[dyg/ &GD;onfhuAsmq&mESifh

uAsmcspfaomjynfolrsm;&m [dygonf/ atedrsufarSmufacwf &cdkifuAsmyHko@mefudk
csrSwfír&Edkifyg/ yHko@mefonf b0uqif;oufvmygonf/ acwfESifh vlYtzGJU
tpnf;onf rdrdvdkcsifonfESifhnDatmif yHko@mefudk nd§yD;wwfygonf/ jyKysifyD;wwf
ygonf/ ajymif;vJyD;wwfygonf/

vlom;½dkU\woD;yk*¾vjzpfwnfrIudkwefzdk;xm;aom &cdkifuAsmü yHko@meftrsKd;rsKd;?

[eftrsKd;rsKd;½dkUudk vufckyfwD;BudKqdk&ygvdrfhrnf/ a,bk,stm;jzifh &cdkifuAsmrSm oD;jcm;
yHko@mefr[dyg/ bmompum;&m [dygonf/ taumif;qHk;aombmompum;onf

( 419 )
 rdk;aomufa&mifeDuAsmrsm;
obm0uvmygonf/ b0ESifhuif;vQif bmompum;aysmufonf/ bmompum;r[dvQif
b0r[dEdkifyg/ &cdkifuAsmq&mrsm;\yDwdokc? BuDuGJemMuifjcif;rsm;ESifh &cdkif vlYtzGJU
tpnf;\yDwdokc? BuDuGJemMuifjcif;rsm;onf NcDoef;uoGD;ESifh i,fxdyfu oGD;uJhodkU
jzpfygonf/ ,if;a0'emrsm;udk atedacwfoHk; vlxkoHk; bmompum;ESifh &GD;uwf
uRD;uwfygrnf/

atedacwfü uAsmrsm;onf tajymvDoHzufodkYyg;vmvwfygonf/ tajymvDoHESifh

t&GD;vDoH xyfvmvwfygonf/ tajymvDoHqdkonfrSm trsm;jynfoloHk;
bmompum;udkñTef;ygonf/ &cdkifa0g[m&udk roHk;? &cdkifvDoH? &cdkifum&HrygvQif
&cdkifuAsmr[kwf/ &cdkifuAsmrjzpf/ &cdkifuAsmvdkY vHk;0rowfrSwfEdkifyg/ uAsmq&m
wa,mufu pumvHk;&Smjcif;onf pdefaumif;ausmufaumif; &SmonfESifhwlonf/
,la&eD,rfwl;jcif;jzpfygonf/ udk,f½dkUbmompum;xJu &ifxJ? oGD;xJ? OD;aESmufxJ?
tm½HkxJodkUpl;0ifNyD; Nzdef;ueef;MuufoD;xvm;Edkifaompum;vHk;rsm;udk &GD;pyf&jcif;
jzpfygonf/ &Sm&jcif;jzpfygonf/ awG;&jcif;jzpfygonf/ yZmvlom;yifjzpfjzpf
pGrf;tm;jrifhNyD;wefzdk;[daom *DwESifhuAsmudk udk,fYtrdbmompum;ESifh&m &GD;vdkY&ygonf/
&cdkifom;wa,muf &cdkifuAsmq&mjzpfvmvQif ododrodod? qE´[d[dr[d[d? olonf
&cdkifpum;wnfwHha&;? zGHUNzdK;a&;udk wm0efxrf;aqmifeDjcif;jzpfygonf/ &cdkifom;
uAsmq&m? &cdkiforuAsmq&mrsm; &cdkifuAsmrsm;rsm; &GD;pyfEdkifuwfygpD/ &cdkif
bmompum; zGHUNzdK;EdkifygpD/ &cdkifuAsm zGHUNzdK;ygpD/

(armifcdkifatmif)

( 420 )